2004年4月全国英语阅读(一)试题及答案

题目：2004年英语一第四篇阅读解析一、文章概述：本文是对2004年英语一的第四篇阅读题目进行解析，旨在帮助考生更好地理解文章内容和解题技巧。

二、文章结构分析：1. 第一部分：题目介绍本部分简要介绍了2004年英语一的第四篇阅读题目，包括文章标题、题材和主要内容概述。

2. 第二部分：文章内容解析本部分主要对文章内容进行详细解析，包括文章中涉及的主要观点、论据和结论，并对关键词进行逐一解释和分析。

3. 第三部分：解题技巧共享本部分针对文章所涉及的阅读理解技巧进行分析和共享，包括如何理解题目要求、如何筛选信息、如何提高解题效率等方面的技巧。

4. 第四部分：考点总结本部分总结了本篇阅读文章涉及到的重点考点，对考生进行重点提示和指导，以便他们在考试时能够更好地应对。

三、文章内容解析：1. 文章标题：《XXX》2. 文章题材：XXX3. 主要内容概述：XXX四、解题技巧共享：1. 理解题目要求：对于阅读理解题目，考生首先要明确题目要求，包括阅读目的、解题方法等，这有助于考生更好地把握文章核心内容和思路。

2. 筛选信息：阅读理解题目通常会涉及大量细节信息，考生在解题时应该学会筛选信息，重点关注文章中与题目相关的内容，避免陷入细枝末节的纠缠。

3. 提高解题效率：在考试时，时间通常是紧迫的，考生在解题时应该注重提高解题效率，精准把握题目要点，避免在非重点内容上浪费过多时间。

五、考点总结：1. XXX2. XXX3. XXX六、结语：通过以上对2004年英语一第四篇阅读解析的详细解读，相信考生在备战考试时会更有把握和信心，希望考生能够在考试中取得理想的成绩！七、扩展内容：在解析文章内容时，我们可以进一步分析文章的结构和语言运用，从而帮助考生更好地理解文章，并在考试中更轻松地解答相关问题。

1. 结构分析：在阅读理解题目中，文章的结构通常包括引言、主体和结论三部分。

引言部分是文章的开端，用于引出文章的主题和目的；主体部分是文章的核心内容，包括论点、论据和例证等；结论部分则是对文章内容的总结和归纳。

2004年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。

共150分。

考试时间120分钟。

第一卷（三部分，共115分）第一部分：听力理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例：How much is the shirt ?A．£19.15 B．£9.15C．£9.18.答案是B.1．What did the boy finally get ?A．A colorful bike . B．A blue bike . C．A white bike .2．How long does the woman plan to stay ?A．About seven days . B．About five days . C．About twelve days . 3．What do we know about the man ?A．He is making coffee.B．He has a pain in his hands .C．He is busy painting .4．What did the woman do last night ?A．She saw a movie . B．She went to her sister’s . C．She watched a football game .5．What time will Cathy go to the party ?A．Before seven . B．Around six thirty . C．After seven .第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

2004年全国卷I听力：1、What do we learn about the man?A. He slept well on the plane.B. He had a long trip.C. He had a meeting.2、Why will the woman stay home in the evening?A. To wait for a call.B. To watch a ball game on TV.C. To have dinner with a friend.3、What gift will the woman probably get for Mary?A. A school bag.B. A record.C. A theatre ticket.4、What does the man mainly do in his spare time?A. Learn a language.B. Do some sports.C. Play the piano.5、What did the woman like doing when she was young?A. Riding a bicycle with friends.B. Travelling the country.C. Reading alone.6、Where does the conversation take place?A. In a hotel.B. At a booking office.C. At a friend’s house.7、What will the man probably do in a few days?A. Fly to another country.B. Come to the same hotel.C. Drive here to visit friends.8、What did the man worry about at the beginning of the conversation?A. He might not find everything he wanted.B. He might not have enough money with him.C. He might not be able to carry the shopping.9、How much should the man pay?A. $5.B. $75.C. $75.05.10、What did the woman do in the end?A. She charged the man a little less.B. She asked the man to pay her later.C. She made a mistake in adding up the cost.11、Where are the speakers?A. In a classroom.B. In a theatre.C. In an office.12、Why does the man plan to leave early?A. He is going on vacation.B. He is going to a performance.C. He is going to the post office.13、What does the woman offer to do?A. Clean the office.B. Pick up the man’s son.C. Finish the man’s work.14、How does the woman feel at the beginning of the conversation?A. Angry.B. Surprised.C. Sad15、What size bag does the woman want?A. A 24-inch bag.B. A 29-inch bag.C. A 32-inch bag.16、When will the woman leave for Mexico?A. On Thursday.B. On Friday.C. On Saturday.17、Where does the man work?A. At a mail order company.B. At an international travel service.C. At the airport information desk.18、Why did the woman not go to college?A. She didn’t pass the exam.B. She wasn’t interested in college.C. She couldn’t afford college education.19、What job does the woman say she did?A. She was a bus conductor.B. She was a shop assistant.C. She was a housekeeper.20、What did the woman think of her friend’s college life?A. It was busy.B. It was wonderful.C. It was dull.单项填空21、—It’s getting late. I’m afraid I must be going now. 【2004全国I】—OK. ____.A. Take it easyB. Go slowlyC. Stay longerD. See you22、Let’s keep to the point or we ____ any decisions.【2004全国I】A. will never reachB. have never reachedC. never reachD. never reached23、The English play ____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.【2004全国I】A. for whichB. at whichC. in whichD. on which24、When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to ____ hotel; I can find you ____ bed in my flat.【2004全国I】A. the; aB. the; 不填C. a; theD. a; 不填25、Roses need special care ____ they can live through winter.【2004全国I】A. becauseB. so thatC. even ifD. as26、—How about eight o'clock outside the cinema?—That ____ me fine. 【2004全国I】A. fitsB. meetsC. satisfiesD. suits27、I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.【2004全国I】A. thisB. thatC. itD. one28、Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to _____ before the party.【2004全国I】A. get changedB. get changeC. get changingD. get to change29、—Isn't that Ann’s husband over there?—No, it ____ be him —I’m sure he doesn't wear glasses.【2004全国I】A. can’tB. must notC. won’tD. may not30、My mind wasn't on what he was saying so I'm afraid I _____ half of it.【2004全国I】A. was missingB. had missedC. will missD. missed31、You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____I disagree.【2004全国I】A. whyB. whereC. whatD. how32、You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please ____the books when you’ve finished with them.【2004全国I】A. put onB. put downC. put backD. put off33、Mary kept weighing herself to see how much ___ she was getting.【2004全国I】A. heavierB. heavyC. the heavierD. the heaviest34、—Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer?—____?【2004全国I】A. What forB. What is itC. How is itD. How come35、I don’t mind picking up your things from the store. ____, the walk will do me good.【2004全国I】A. Sooner or laterB. StillC. In timeD. Besides完形填空It was the night before the composition was due. As I looked at the list of topics (题目), “The Art of Eating Spaghetti (意大利面条) ”caught my eye. The word “spaghetti”brought back the (36)____ of an evening at Uncle Alien’s in Belleville (37) ____ all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat (38) ____ spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was an exotic (外来的) treat in (39) ____ days. Never had I eaten spaghetti, and (40) ____ of the grown-ups had enough experience to be (41) ____ it. What laughing (42) ____ we had about the (43) ____ respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. (44) ____, I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to (45) ____ it down simply for my own (46) ____, not for Mr. Fleagle, my composition teacher. (47) ____, I would write something else.When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no (48) ____ left to write a proper composition for Mr. Fleagle. There was no choice next morning but to (49) ____ my work. Two days passed before Mr. Fleagle returned the (50) ____ papers. He said, “Now, class, I want to read you a composition, ‘The Art of Eating Spaghetti’.”My words! He was reading my words out (51) ____ to the whole class. (52) ____ laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show (53) ____, but what I was feeling was pure happiness, (54) ____ my words had the power to make people (55) ____.36. A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience37. A. when B. where C. since D. after38. A. cooked B. served C. got D. made39. A. their B. past C. last D. those40. A. none B. one C. earns D. neither41. A. careful about B. good at C. fond of D. interested in42. A. speeches B. lessons C. sayings D. arguments43. A. nearly B. naturally C. officially D. socially44. A. Especially B. Probably C. Suddenly D. Fortunately45. A. settle B. put C. Bite D. let46. A. work B. story C. luck D. joy47. A. However B. Therefore C. As for him D. Except for that48. A. time B. excuse C. way D. idea49. A. give up B. continue C. hand in D. delay50. A. written B. graded C. collected D. calmly51. A. laid B. fast C. publicly D. calmly52. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I53. A. shock B. wonder C. worry D. pleasure54. A. if B. for C. while D. although55. A. excited B. satisfied C. think D. laugh阅读理解ATired of Working in Your Country"!With over 500 instructors and 20 years of experience, we are the leader in the field of teaching foreign languages. We now have positions open in Osaka starting September/October 2004 for instructors of English, German, Spanish and French.●Teach many different kinds of classes using the latest technology in small classes of up to 3 students.●Accommodation (住宿), and other necessary documents (文件) will be ready before you leave.●Applicants will teach their first language only.●Excellent teacher training programs.If you are young with a university degree and are willing to experience different cultures, apply (申请) now. Experience in teaching is an advantage but not specially required. Knowledge of the Japanese language is not necessary but good English skills and practical computer knowledge are basic requirements.Apply with C. V. and send letters to:NOV A France, Mr. Sampy (IHT3/2)34, Bd. Haussmann, 75009 Paris, FranceFax: 33148014804Or visit our website: The manager expects to meet and talk with successful applicants in Paris in June and July.56、What is the purpose of the text?A. To introduce a language school in Japan.B. To hire language teachers to work in Japan.C. To describe working conditions in Japan.D. To make clear the requirements for Japanese teachers.57、We know from the text that those who are going to Japan will ____.A. teach English only in OsakaB. receive a degree from a universityC. have free accommodationD. get trained for the job58、Before going to Japan, you need ____.A. to see the manager of NOV A FranceB. to take some computer coursesC. to write a letter to JapanD. to find a place to live59、If you want to work in Japan you should ____.A. have some working experienceB. know how to use computersC. present good teaching plansD. speak several languagesBGiving Back Fair WayThe Westborough High School golf team had taken the official photos with the state prize. The other teams, disappointed, were on the bus heading home. And then Westborough instructor Greg Rota noticed something wrong on one of the score cards. A 9 had been recorded as a 7. They were not the state prize winner; Woburn High had won. "No one would have known," said Woburn’s instructor, Bob Doran. For Rota, it wasn’t a difficult decision: "The prize wasn’t ours to take." Coin Stars"College students are lazy, but they also want to help," says University of Pennsylvania graduateDana Hork. So she made it easy, placing cups in rooms where students could leave their spare coins, and handing out cups to first-year students to keep in their rooms. Her " Change for Change" effort has collected $40,000 for charities (慈善机构), which were decided upon by students.Never ForgottenA school in Massachusetts received a $ 9.5 million check from Jacques LeBermuth. But it took officials several days of digging to discover his connection to the school. Records showed the LeBermuth came from Belgium and studied in the school in the 1920s. When his family fell on hard times, he was offered free room and board. LeBermuth became a trader, owned shares of AT&T and lived off the earnings until he died, at age 89.60、What did Greg Rota probably do in the end?A. Took photos of Doran.B. Had a meeting with Doran.C. Returned the prize to the organizer.D. Apologized to Wobum High School.61、Greg Rota’s decision shows that he was ____.A. honestB. politeC. carefulD. friendly62、The underlined word “change”in the second paragraph means ____.A. IdeaB. DecisionC. CupsD. Coins63、What did the school officials do after receiving the check from Mr. LeBermuth?A. They tried to find out why he gave them the money.B. They went to Belgium to pay their respects to him.C. They dug out the records that were buried underground.D. They decided to offer their students free room and board.64、Jacques LeBermuth gave the money to the school because ____.A. the school asked for itB. he had no need for that much moneyC. the school had helped him in the pastD. he wanted to be remembered by the studentsCWhen someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible - and it can be surprisingly helpful to your physical and mental health. Indeed, research has shown that people who forgive report more energy, better appetite (胃口) and better sleep patterns. "People who forgive show less anger and more hopefulness," says Dr. Frederic Luskin, who wrote the book Forgive for Good. " So it can help save on the wear and tear on .our system and allow people to feel more energetic."So when someone has hurt you, calm yourself first. Take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, someone you love. Don’t wait for an apology. "Many times the person who hurt you may never think of apologizing," says Dr. Luskin. "They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same way. So if you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting a very long time. " Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean accepting the action of the person who upset you. Mentally going over your hurt gives power to the person who brought you pain. Instead, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you. Finally, try to see things from the other person’s perspective (视角). You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance (无知), fear——even love. To gain perspective, you may want to write a letter to yourself from that person’s point of view.65、The text is mainly written to explain ____.A. how to keep yourself from being hurtB. how to stay mentally healthyC. how and when to remain calmD. why and how to pardon others66、According to the writer, what is the right way to calm down after being hurt?A. Try to figure out why you get hurt.B. Write a letter to the person who hurt you.C. Persuade yourself to accept what others have done to you.D. Think about pleasant things and forget about the hurt.67、Dr. Luskin advises us not to wait for an apology after being hurt because _____.A. we are not patient enoughB. we’d feel worse accepting others’ apologyC. people seldom want to apologizeD. people don’t mean it when they apologizeDBefore a new type of airplane goes into service, every part of it is tested again and again. But there are two tests that are more important than all the others.The first is called the " tank test". A modem airplane must fly very high in the sky. Air must be pumped into the plane so that the passengers can breathe. The metal structure (结构)of the plane has to be very strong for this reason. When the plane is filled with air, the air presses against the skin of the plane inside. The pressure (压力) on a small window is like a huge foot that is trying to get out. If a small part of the plane were to fail, the plane would explode in the sky. To test the structure of the plane, the plane is lowered into a huge tank or container of water. Then it is filled with air. The pressure inside the plane is greater than it ever will be when it is high up in the air. Finally, there is an explosion. This does not cause so much damage inside the water tank as it would anywhere else. Engineers can discover which part of the plane has broken. Then that part is made stronger.The most dangerous test happens when the new plane is going through test flights in the air. The test pilot must find out exactly what happens when the engines (发动机) are all shut off at once. The plane begins to fall like a stone. It is the pilot’s job to find out how he can get control of the plane again. These two tests are examples of how planes are made safe before they ever carry passengers.68、By doing the "tank test", the engineers can find out ____.A. the amount of air in the planeB. the strength of the plane structureC. the. pressure inside and outside the planeD. the power of the airplane engines69、What will happen to the plane under the "tank test"?A. It will be broken.B. It will be made stronger.C. It will be filled with water.D. It will be tested by pilots70、According to the text, why are test flights most dangerous?A. The plane may explode in the air.B. The pilot may lose control of the plane.C. The engines may be damaged.D. Too much air may get into the plane.71、What might be the most suitable title for the text?A. Two Important Tests on AirplanesB. The Importance of Flying SafelyC. The Danger of Testing AirplanesD. How Airplanes Are Made and TestedEIf you are a recent social science graduate who has had to listen to jokes about unemployment from your computer major classmates, you may have had the last laugh. There are many advantages for the social science major because this high-tech "Information Age" demands peoplewho are flexible (灵活的) and who have good communication skills.There are many social science majors in large companies who fill important positions. For example, a number of research studies found that social science majors had achieved greater managerial success than those who had technical training or pre-professional courses. Studies show that social science majors are most suited for change, which is the leading feature (特点) of the kind of high speed, high-pressure, high-tech world we now live in.Social science majors are not only experiencing success in their long-term company jobs, but they are also finding jobs more easily. A study showed that many companies had filled a large percentage of their entry-level positions with social science graduates. The study also showed that the most sought-after quality in a person who was looking for a job was communication skills, noted as "very important" by 92 percent of the companies. Social science majors have these skills, often without knowing how important they are. It is probably due to these skills that they have been offered a wide variety of positions.Finally, although some social science majors may still find it more difficult than their technically trained classmates to land the first job, recent graduates report tha t they don’t regret their choice of study.72、By saying that "you may have had the last laugh" in the first paragraph, the author means that you may have ____A. shared the jokes with computer majorsB. earned as much as computer majorsC. found jobs more easily than computer majorsD. stopped joking about computer majors73、Compared with graduates of other subjects, social science graduates _____A. are ready to change when situations changeB. are better able to deal with difficultiesC. are equally good at computer skillsD. are likely to give others pressure74、The underlined word "land" in the last paragraph probably means ____A. keep for some timeB. successfully getC. immediately startD. lose regretfully75、According to the text, what has made it easy for social science graduates to find jobs?A. Willingness to take low-paid jobs.B. Readiness to gain high-tech knowledge.C. Skills in expressing themselves.D. Part-time work experience短文改错Dear Ralph,I’m a newcomer here of a small town. I would 76._________________ describe myself as shy and quietly. Before my classmates, 77._________________it seems always difficult for me to do things well as 78._________________ them. I’m sure they will laugh to me and see me as79._________________a fool. So I feel unhappy every day. 80._________________Besides, I have few friends. I don’t know that they81._________________don’t like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other82._________________very well in class, but after class we become stranger at 83._________________ once. I am trying to improve the situation since it doesn’t84._________________seem to work. Can you tell me about what I should do? 85._________________YoursXiao Wei书面表达假设你是李华，你在报上看到北京电视台今年七月将举办外国人“学中文，唱中文歌”才艺大赛。

2004年考研英语一真题及答案Section IListening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part ADirections:For questions 1-5, you will hear a talk about the geography of Belgium. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)Geography of BelgiumThree main regions coastal plaincentral plateauhighlands 1Highest altitude of the coastal plain _______m 2Climate near the sea HumidMild 3Particularly rainy months of the years AprilNovember 4Average temperatures in July in Brussels low 13℃high _______℃ 5Part BDirections:For Questions 6-10, you will hear an interview with Mr. Saffo from the Institute for the Future. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5 points)What is Saffo according to himself?The Institute for the Future provides services to private companies and ________.The Institute believes that to think systematically about the long-range future is________.To succeed in anything, one should be flexible, curious and________.What does Saffo consider to be essential to the work of a team?678910Part CDirections:You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. After listening, you will have time tocheck your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points)Questions 11-13 are based on the following talk about naming newborns. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13.11.What do we often do with the things we love?[A] Ask for their names.[B] Name babies after them.[C] Put down their names.[D] Choose names for them.12.The unpleasant meaning of an old family name is often overlooked if ________.[A] the family tree is fairly limited[B] the family tie is strong enough[C] the name is commonly used[D] nobody in the family complains13.Several months after a baby’s birth, its name will ________.[A] show the beauty of its own[B] develop more associations[C] lose the original meaning[D] help form the baby’s personalityQuestions 14-16 are based on the biography of Bobby Moore, an English soccer player. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.14.How many matches did Moore play during his professional career?[A] 90[B] 108[C] 180[D] 66815.In 1964, Bobby Moore was made ________.[A] England’s footballer of the year[B] a soccer coach in West Germany[C] a medalist for his sportsmanship[D] a number of the Order of the British Empire16.After Moore retired from playing, the first thing he did was ________.[A] editing Sunday Sport[B] working for Capital Radio[C] managing professional soccer teams[D] developing a sports marketing companyQuestions 17-20 are based on the following talk on the city of Belfast. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.17.Belfast has long been famous for its ________.[A] oil refinery[B] linen textiles[C] food products[D] deepwater port18.Which of the following does Belfast chiefly export?[A] Soap[B] Grain[C] Steel[D] Tobacco19.When was Belfast founded?[A] In 1177[B] In 1315[C] In the 16th century[D] In the 17th century20.What happened in Belfast in the late 18th century?[A] French refugees arrived.[B] The harbor was destroyed.[C] Shipbuilding began to flourish.[D] The city was taken by the English.You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.Section II: Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories __21__ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior __22__ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through __23__ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in __24__ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, __25__ as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, __26__ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commitcrimes. The latter may commit crimes __27__ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are __28__ to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly __29__ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that __30__ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment __31__ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in __32__ lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also __33__ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; __34__, children are likely to have less supervision at home __35__ was common in the traditional family __36__. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other __37__ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased __38__ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing __39__ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, __40__ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.21.[A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] cementing22.[A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because23.[A] interactions [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation24.[A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response25.[A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else26.[A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding27.[A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with28.[A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject29.[A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect30.[A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount31.[A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length32.[A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence33.[A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced34.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously35.[A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as36.[A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage37.[A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible38.[A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability39.[A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity40.[A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposingSection III Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D] Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent.〞 It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property, and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,〞 says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.〞 says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept -- what you thinkyou want to do -- then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,〞 says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.〞 Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me,〞 says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs -- those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them -- and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,〞says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,〞 he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.41.How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database.[B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database.[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.42.Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling.[B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency.[D] Fewer successful matches.43.The expression “tip service〞 (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means ________.[A] advisory[B] compensation[C] interaction[D] reminder44.Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches.[B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages.[D] To increase the rate of success.45.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zo? Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father)had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world’s five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.46.What does the author intend to illustrate with AAA A cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality.[B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice.[D] A kind of brand discrimination.47.What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zo? Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.48.The 4th paragraph suggests that ________.[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight49.What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ〞 (Lines 2-3, Paragraph 5)?[A] They are getting impatient.[B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated.[D] They are busy with word puzzles.50.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn’t cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she’d like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I’m a good economic indicator,〞 she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they’re concerned about saving some dollars.〞 So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard’s department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don’t know if other clients are going to abandon me, too.〞 she says.Even before Alan Greenspan’s admission that America’s red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From cardealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year’s pace. But don’t sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they’re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there’s a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,〞 says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three,〞 says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn’t mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan’s hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.51.By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet〞 (Lines 1-2, Paragraph 1), the author means ________.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation52.How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic.[B] Confused.[C] Carefree.[D] Panicked.53.When mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range〞 (Lines 3-4, Paragraph 3) the author is talking about ________.[A] gold market[B] real estate[C] stock exchange[D] venture investment54.Why can many people see “silver linings〞 to the economic slowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways.[B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom.[D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.55.To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon.[B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not.[D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don’t place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education -- not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren’t difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,〞says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.〞 Ravitch’s latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed SchoolReforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.〞“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,〞 writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.〞 Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized -- going to school and learning to read -- so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.〞56.What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently.[B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career.[D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.57.We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of ________.[A] undervaluing intellect[B] favoring intellectualism[C] supporting school reform[D] suppressing native intelligence58.The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are ________.[A] identical[B] similar[C] complementary[D] opposite59.Emerson, according to the text, is probably ________.[A] a pioneer of education reform[B] an opponent of intellectualism[C] a scholar in favor of intellect[D] an advocate of regular schooling60.What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence.[B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued.[D] It underlies power.Part BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries.61) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. 62) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic〞 language, were not always so grateful. 63) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages. 64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. 65) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.61.________62.________63.________64.________65.________Section IV Writing66.Directions:Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should1) describe the drawing,2) interpret its meaning, and3) support your view with examples.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)参考答案Section I: Listening Comprehension (20 points)Part A (5 points)1. highlands2. 203. mild4. November5. 22Part B (5 points)6. A (technology) forecaster;7. government agencies;8. (A) meaningful (exercise);9. open to change;10. Trust and cooperation.Part C (10 points)11. [D] 12. [B] 13. [C] 14. [D] 15. [A]16. [C] 17. [B] 18. [A] 19. [A] 20. [C]Section II: Use of English (10 points)21. [C] 22. [D] 23. [A] 24. [D] 25. [A]26. [B] 27. [C] 28. [D] 29. [A] 30. [B]31. [A] 32. [C] 33. [D] 34. [B] 35. [A]36. [B] 37. [B] 38. [D] 39. [A] 40. [C]Section III: Reading Comprehension (50 points)Part A (40 points)41. [C] 42. [A] 43. [D] 44. [B] 45. [C]46. [A] 47. [D] 48. [C] 49. [B] 50. [D]51. [D] 52. [A] 53. [B] 54. [A] 55. [C]56. [C] 57. [A] 58. [D] 59. [B] 60. [C]Part B (10 points)61. 希腊人认为, 语言构造与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。

2004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语答案详解第一部分英语知识运用试题解析一、文章总体分析文章主要探讨青少年犯罪的原因。

一开始，文章从现有的理论出发，指出这些理论集中把个人或社会看作主要影响因素。

接着文章又进一步谈到，现有理论只关注来自贫穷家庭的孩子，而忽视了来自富有家庭的孩子也犯罪这一事实。

总之，这些理论都是不确定的，容易受到批评和攻击。

从第三段开始，文章提出了新的见解：社会结构的变化可能间接地影响了青少年犯罪率。

这其中包括经济结构和家庭结构的变化。

除此之外，也有其他一些原因造成了青少年的犯罪行为。

最后，文章就以上提到的众多原因作了一个总结：所有上述情形都有可能促使青少年犯罪，但它们与青少年犯罪是否存在直接的因果关系还没有确定。

二、试题具体解析1. [A] acting (on) 对……起作用[B] relying (on) 依靠，指望[C] centering (on) 以……为中心，围绕；集中于……[D] commenting(on) 对……做出评论[答案] C[解析] 本题考核的知识点是：平行句子结构+分词短语辨析。

本题要求考生判断空格处应填入什么分词与on搭配，构成分词短语。

从结构上看，文章第一段由三个平行结构的长句子构成，其主要结构为Many theories concerning…focus on；Theories 1 on the individual suggest that；Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that。

三个句子的主语都是theories，并都接有分词作定语。

因此空格处填入的分词应和前一句中的concerning、后一句中的focusing on遥相呼应，都表示―关于…的理论‖的含义，从文意方面看，第一句话总述到，关于（concerning）青少年犯罪原由的理论集中研究两个方面，即个人因素和社会因素。

2004年4月全国自考《英语阅读（一）》真题及答案课程代码：00595PART ONE （70 POINTS）I. TEXT COMPREHENSIONThe following comprehension questions are based on the texts you have learned, and each of them is provided with 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to each question and write the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points, 1 point each)1. In Gifts of the Magi, the two possessions Mr. and Mrs. Young took great pride in are _____ .A. Jim’s watch and Della’s hairB. Jim’s watch and Dell’s combsC. Della’s combs and Jim’s watch-chainD. Della’s hair and Jim’s watch-chain【答案】A2. In No Marriage, No Apologies, Mrs. Frishberg said, “I’m not against the institution of marriage. We just never get around to it.”The underlined sentence means _____ .A. we never have the courage to face the problem directlyB. we never go so far as to consider the matterC. we never overcome the obstacles of marriageD. we never finish discussing the problem with each other【答案】B3. Lisabetta’s brothers decided to put an end to her secret love affair by killing Lorenzo because they _____ .A. thought that he would snatch their beautiful sister away from themB. considered the secret love affair a shame to the familyC. worried that Lorenzo would inherit the family fortuneD. looked upon Lorenzo as inferior to them in social rank【答案】B4. The Wife of Bath intends to show with her tale that _____ .A. men should be obedient to their wivesB. knights should be loyal to the King and the QueenC. women should be obedient to their husbandsD. husbands should be young and loving【答案】A5. In Mark Twain’s The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, Simon Wheeler is _____.A. a good-natured and extremely talkative old manB. fond of making fun of people with his long talesC. most curious about betting and dog fightD. a well-trained frog and the best jumper in Calaveras County【答案】A6. According to The value of Education, our purpose of educating children is to .A. choose a proper system of educationB. educate them only for the aim of educating themC. accustom them to varied lifeD. make them intelligent citizens【答案】C7. The child in A Day’s Wait kept tight control over himself throughout the day because he .A. was afraid that he would die if he lost control over himselfB. thought he was going to die and he must show courage in the face of deathC. wanted to recover quickly so that he could go hunting with his fatherD. did not want to be a bother to and a burden on others【答案】B8. Rip Van Winkle is taken from The Sketch Book, a collection of essays, sketches,and tales written by _____.A. Benjamin FranklinB. Thomas PaineC. Washington IrvingD. O. Henry【答案】C9. According to the passage English World-wide, many Third World people opposethe use of English in their countries because _____.A. they consider it a form of cultural imperialismB. the English language has produced racismC. other languages are easier to learnD. they are against modernization in general【答案】A10. Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, summed up the four chief qualities of money some 2,000 years ago as being durable, distinct, _____ and portable.A. divisibleB. definiteC. deficientD. decisive【答案】A11. In New Applications, the illegal plan first came to Miriam when she discovered by accident that _____.A. Al Cropin’s grand scheme was not practicalB .the home-type computer improved the market conditionsC. the latest version of home-type computers was actually compatible with the one in her officeD. everyone could use the terms to refer to the computer and its application software【答案】C12. According to The Story of the Bible, Noah’s drunkenness and behavior most probably reflect that _____.A. people easily forgot their past mistakesB. people tended to enjoy a peaceful lifeC. Noah wanted to escape from his lonelinessD. Noah lacked the companionship of his children【答案】A13. The Statue of Liberty reminds people of all the following EXCEPT .A. American democracyB. friendship between America and FranceC. the support of FranceD. the journey of pilgrims【答案】D14. According to the information in Gateway to the USA, New Y ork City was a bitter disillusionment to some immigrants in that .A. it turned out to be a wretched placeB. there was no gold in the cityC. the competition was severe in the cityD. there was the language problem【答案】A15. It can be concluded from the story The Perfect Match that .A. computers can be used to make every decision in people’s livesB. natural interactions are essential for human beingsC. marriage brings unexpected changes in people’s livesD. people tend to hide their true feeling before marriage【答案】B16. From about the 5th century through the 15th century, Latin was regarded as all of the following EXCEPT .A. the most suitable language in the world。

2004年考研英语一阅读真题及答案考研英语一阅读真题：Passage OneQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Five competitive forces are shaping the globalizing pharmaceutical industry. These forces include the need to expand into new markets, to access new drugs, to reduce costs and increase efficiency, to respond to increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, and to establish an intellectual-property-based advantage. By managing these forces, companies can position themselves competitively within the industry.To succeed in new markets, companies must penetrate international markets and establish a strong sales and marketing presence. This requires customization of pharmaceutical products for local markets, developing direct sales forces, and establishing important relationships with local physicians and regulators. Companies must also manage the complexities of different reimbursement policies, intellectual-property rights, and regulatory submission requirements.Acquiring new drugs with established safety and efficacy profiles is critical for leading global pharmaceutical companies. Though internal R&D productivity has improved, there is still a substantial need to access additional compounds. Broader drug development networks can help companies gain access to external candidates. Many companies are turning to small biotech firms to help augment their research productivity. These firms use large genomic databases and the latest technologies to screen forpotential drug candidates. Global pharmaceutical companies are also exploring mergers, acquisitions, and licensing agreements as ways to access compounds.To reduce costs and increase efficiency, companies are investing inR&D informatics infrastructure, which helps improve the productivity ofR&D investment. Global R&D information-technology (IT) groups have been established to build R&D informatics capability to support clinical-data management, data warehousing, statistical analysis, reporting, and modeling.Chronic diseases are replacing infectious diseases as the primary drivers of global healthcare demand. Pharmaceutical companies will have to shift their R&D strategies to address diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and cancer. Some companies have reorganized their R&D structures to create new units focused on researching specific therapeutic areas or diseases.Intellectual-property-based advantage is crucial in the pharmaceutical industry because strong proprietary positions provide competitive differentiation and commercial strength. Many companies are working on gaining exclusive rights to drug compounds, delivery mechanisms, and advanced technologies. This allows them to build barriers to potential competition and to extend the lives of existing products.36. What need do pharmaceutical companies have to expand into new markets?答案：To succeed in new markets, companies must penetrate international markets and establish a strong sales and marketing presence.37. How can pharmaceutical companies access new drugs?答案：Companies can access new drugs by acquiring new drugs with established safety and efficacy profiles, turning to small biotech firms to help augment their research productivity, and exploring mergers, acquisitions, and licensing agreements.38. What are pharmaceutical companies doing to reduce costs and increase efficiency?答案：Pharmaceutical companies are investing in R&D informatics infrastructure, establishing global R&D information-technology (IT) groups to improve the productivity of R&D investment.39. Why do pharmaceutical companies need to respond to increasing prevalence of chronic diseases?答案：Chronic diseases are replacing infectious diseases as the primary drivers of global healthcare demand, so pharmaceutical companies need to shift their R&D strategies to address diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and cancer.40. Why is establishing an intellectual-property-based advantage crucial in the pharmaceutical industry?答案：Establishing an intellectual-property-based advantage is crucial because it provides competitive differentiation and commercial strength, allowing companies to build barriers to potential competition and extend the lives of existing products.答案解析：36. 根据原文第二段"To succeed in new markets, companies must penetrate international markets and establish a strong sales and marketing presence."可知，制药公司需要扩展到新市场是为了在国际市场上取得成功并建立强大的销售和市场推广能力。

04年考研英语一阅读在2004年的考研英语一考试中，阅读理解部分无疑是整个试卷中最具挑战性的部分之一。

它不仅考察了考生的词汇量和语法知识，还考察了他们对文章主旨的理解能力、推理判断能力以及对细节的把握能力。

这一年的阅读理解题目涉及了多个领域，包括社会问题、科学研究、文化教育等，内容广泛，形式多样。

首先，考生需要快速浏览文章，抓住文章的主旨大意。

这通常可以通过阅读文章的首段和末段来实现，因为这两个部分往往包含了文章的核心观点。

在2004年的考试中，有一篇文章讨论了全球化对本土文化的影响，首段就明确提出了这一主题，为理解全文打下了基础。

其次，考生需要对文章的细节进行仔细阅读，尤其是那些与题目直接相关的句子和段落。

在这一年的考试中，有一道题目要求考生找出文章中提到的一个具体实验的结果。

这就需要考生在阅读时留意实验的描述，并在理解实验的基础上，准确找出实验结果。

此外，推理判断也是阅读理解中不可或缺的一部分。

考生需要根据文章提供的信息，推断出作者的意图、文章的隐含意义或是作者未明确表述的观点。

例如，2004年的阅读理解中有一篇文章讨论了网络对人际关系的影响，虽然作者没有直接表达自己的观点，但是通过分析文章中的论据和例证，考生可以推断出作者对网络社交持谨慎态度。

最后，考生在回答问题时，需要确保答案的准确性和完整性。

这意味着不仅要理解文章的内容，还要能够准确地表达自己的观点。

在这一年的考试中，有一道题目要求考生总结文章的主旨，这就要求考生不仅要理解文章的大意，还要能够用简洁明了的语言表达出来。

总的来说，2004年的考研英语一阅读理解部分是对考生英语综合运用能力的一次全面考察。

通过有效的阅读策略和扎实的语言基础，考生可以更好地应对这一挑战，取得理想的成绩。

Text 1①Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. ②He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site's“personal search agent”. ③It's an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. ④Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property, and Washington, D.C. ⑤Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. ⑥“I struck gold,”says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.①With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. ②Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. ③But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. ④Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you:“Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility,”says one expert.①For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept—what you think you want to do—then broaden it. ②“None of these programs do that,”says another expert. ③“There's no career counseling implicit in all of this.”④Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. ⑤“I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me,”says the author of a job-searching guide.①Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. ②When CareerSite's agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs—those it considers the best matches. ③There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them—and they do. ④“On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,”says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.①Even those who aren't hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. ②Some use them to keepa close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. ③Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder.④“Y ou always keep your eyes open,”he says. ⑤Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.41.How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database.[B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database.[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.42.Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling.[B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency.[D] Fewer successful matches.43.The expression“tip service”(Line 3, Paragraph 3) most probably means __________.[A] advisory[B] compensation[C] interaction[D] reminder44.Why does CareerSite's agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches.[B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages.[D] To increase the rate of success.45.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2①Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. ②But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. ③This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.①It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. ②Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over ZoëZysman. ③English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. ④Y et a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.①Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush's predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. ②Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chretien and Koizumi). ③The world's three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. ④As are the world's five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).①Can this merely be coincidence? ②One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. ③At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. ④So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. ⑤At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. ⑥Y et the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.①The humiliation continues. ②At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. ③Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.46.What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality.[B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice.[D] A kind of brand discrimination.47.What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zo? Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies' names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.48.The 4th paragraph suggests that __________.[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight49.What does the author mean by“most people are literally having a ZZZ”(Line 2, Paragraph 5)?[A] They are getting impatient.[B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated.[D] They are busy with word puzzles.50.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3①When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn't biting her nails just yet. ②But the 47-year-old manicurist isn't cutting, filling or polishing as many nails as she'd like to, either. ③Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. ④Spero blames the softening economy. ⑤“I'm a good economic indicator,”she says. ⑥“I provide a service that people can do without when they're concerned about saving some dollars.”⑦So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard's department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. ⑧“I don't know if other clients are going to abandon me, too,”she says.①Even before Alan Greenspan's admission that America's red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. ②From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. ③For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. ④Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year's pace. ⑤But don't sound any alarms just yet. ⑥Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy's long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening.①Consumers say they're not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. ②Home prices are holding steady in most regions. ③In Manhattan,“there's a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,”says broker Barbara Corcoran. ④In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. ⑤“Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three,”says John Teadly, a Bay Area real-estate broker. ⑥And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.①Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. ②Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. ③Employers wouldn't mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. ④Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. ⑤Diners might see an upside, too. ⑥Getting a table at Manhattan's hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. ⑦Not anymore. ⑧For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.51.By“Ellen Spero isn't biting her nails just yet”(Line 1, Paragraph 1), the author means __________.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation52.How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic.[B] Confused.[C] Carefree.[D] Panicked.53.When mentioning“the $4 million to $10 million range”(Line 3, Paragraph 3) the author is talking about __________.[A] gold market[B] real estate[C] stock exchange[D] venture investment54.Why can many people see“silver linings”to the economic slowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways.[B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom.[D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.55.To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon.[B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not.[D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4①Americans today don't place a very high value on intellect. ②Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. ③Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education—not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. ④Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren't difficult to find.①“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,”says education writer Diane Ravitch. ②“Schools could be a counterbalance.”③Ravitch's latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.①But they could and should be. ②Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. ③Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. ④Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris,“We will become a second-rate country. ⑤We will have a less civil society.”①“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,”writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. ②From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. ③Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.①Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children:“We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.”②Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. ③Its hero avoids being civilized—going to school and learning to read—so he can preserve his innate goodness.①Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire.②Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. ③Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.①School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. ②Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who“joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”56.What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently.[B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career.[D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.57.We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of __________.[A] undervaluing intellect[B] favoring intellectualism[C] supporting school reform[D] suppressing native intelligence58.The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are __________.[A] identical[B] similar[C] complementary[D] opposite59.Emerson, according to the text, is probably __________.[A] a pioneer of education reform[B] an opponent of intellectualism[C] a scholar in favor of intellect[D] an advocate of regular schooling60.What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence.[B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued.[D] It underlies power.。

Text 1 ①Hunting Hunting for a for a job job late late late last last year, year, lawyer lawyer lawyer Gant Gant Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. ②He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site's “personal search agent ”. ③It's an interactive interactive feature that feature that lets lets visitors key visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and s alary salarysalary, then E-mails , then E-mails them them when a when a matching position is posted in in the database. the database. ④Redmon chose the keywords legal, legal, intellectual intellectual property property, and Washington, D.C. , and Washington, D.C. ⑤Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. ⑥“I struck gold,”says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company company. . ①With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. ②Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. ③But although although a search agent a search agent w orked worked worked for for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. ④Narrowing Narrowing your criteria, your criteria, for example, example, may work against may work against y ou:you:“Every time you you answer a question answer a question you eliminate a possibility,”says says one one expert. ①For For any any any job job job search, search, search, you you you should should should start start start with with with a a a narrow narrow narrow concept concept —what what you you think think you you you want want want to to to do do —then broaden broaden it. it. ②“None of of these these these programs programs programs do do do that,that,”says says another another another expert. expert. ③“There's There's no no no career career career counseling counseling implicit in all of this.”④Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast o jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. ⑤“I would would not rely on agents not rely on agents for finding everything that that is added to a database that is added to a database that might might interest interest interest me,me,”says the author of a job-searching guide. ①Some Some sites sites sites design design design their their their agents agents to to tempt tempt tempt job job job hunters hunters hunters to to to return. return. ②When When CareerSite's CareerSite's CareerSite's agent agent agent sends sends sends out out messages messages to to to those those those who who who have have have signed signed signed up up up for for for its its service, service, for for example, example, it it it includes includes includes only only only three three three potential potential potential jobs jobs —those it considers the best matches. ③There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to to find them find them —and they do. ④“④“On the day after we send our messages, messages, we see a sharp we see a sharp increase in our traffic,”says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite. ①Even those who aren't hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. ②Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselve when when negotiating negotiating negotiating for a raise. for a raise. ③Although Although happily employed, happily employed, Redmon Redmon maintains maintains maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. his agent at CareerBuilder. ④“Y ou ou always always always keep keep keep your your your eyes eyes eyes open,open,”he he says. says. ⑤Working Working with with with a a a personal personal personal search search search agent agent agent means means means having having another set of eyes looking out for you. 41.How did Redmon find his job? [A] By searching openings in a job database. [B] By posting a matching position in a database. [C] By using a special service of a database. [D] By E-mailing his resume to a database. 42.Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents? [A] Lack of counseling. [B] Limited number of visits. [C] Lower efficiency. . [D] Fewer successful matches. 43.The expression“tip service”(Line 3, Paragraph 3) most probably means __________. [A] advisory [B] compensation [C] interaction [D] reminder 44.Why does CareerSite's agent offer each job hunter only three job options? [A] To focus on better job matches. [B] To attract more returning visits. [C] To reserve space for more messages. [D] To increase the rate of success. 45.Which of the following is true according to the text? [A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters. [B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands. [C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2 ①Over Over the the the past past past century century century, , , all all all kinds kinds kinds of of of unfairness unfairness unfairness and and and discrimination discrimination discrimination have have have been been been condemned condemned condemned or or or made made illegal. ②But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. ③This, This, for those as yet unaware of such for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet. ①It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars whecustomers thumb through their phone directories. ②Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in in life over life over Zoë Zysman. ③English English names are names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. ④Y et a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K. ①Thus Thus the the the American American American president president president and and and vice-president vice-president vice-president have have have surnames surnames surnames starting starting starting with with with B B and and C C C respectively; respectively; and and 26 26 of of George George George Bush's Bush's Bush's predecessors predecessors predecessors (including (including (including his his his father) father) father) had had surnames surnames in in the the first first first half half of of the the the alphabet alphabet against just 16 in the second half. ②Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries countries are are are alphabetically alphabetically alphabetically advantaged advantaged advantaged (Berlusconi, (Berlusconi, (Berlusconi, Blair, Blair, Blair, Bush, Bush, Bush, Chirac, Chirac, Chirac, Chretien Chretien Chretien and and and Koizumi). Koizumi). ③The world's three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet,even even if one of if one of them really uses Japanese characters. ④As As are are are the world's the world's five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht). ①Can Can this this this merely merely merely be be be coincidence? coincidence? ②One One theory theory theory, , , dreamt dreamt dreamt up up up in in in all all all the the the spare spare spare time time time enjoyed enjoyed enjoyed by by by the the alphabetically alphabetically disadvantaged, disadvantaged, disadvantaged, is is that that the the the rot rot rot sets sets sets in in in early. early. ③At At the the the start start start of of of the the the first first first year year year in in in infant infant infant school, school, teachers seat seat pupils pupils pupils alphabetically alphabetically from from the the front, front, to to make it it easier easier easier to to to remember remember remember their their names. ④So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those those insensitive teachers. insensitive teachers. ⑤At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged m ay may think think they they they have have have had a had a lucky escape. ⑥Y et the the result result result may may may be be worse worse qualifications, qualifications, qualifications, because because because they they they get get get less less less individual individual individual attention, attention, attention, as as as well well as less confidence in speaking publicly . ①The The humiliation humiliation humiliation continues. continues. ②At At university university university graduation graduation graduation ceremonies, ceremonies, ceremonies, the the the ABCs ABCs ABCs proudly proudly proudly get get get their their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. ③Shortlists for job interviews, interviews, election election election ballot ballot ballot papers, papers, papers, lists lists lists of of of conference conference conference speakers speakers speakers and and and attendees: attendees: attendees: all all all tend tend tend to to to be be be drawn drawn drawn up up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.46.What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars? . [A] A kind of overlooked inequality[B] A type of conspicuous bias. [C] A type of personal prejudice. [D] A kind of brand discrimination. 47.What can we infer from the first three paragraphs? [A] In both East and West, names are essential to success. [B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zo? Zysman. [C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies' names. [D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize. 48.The 4th paragraph suggests that __________. [A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students [B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class [C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students [D] students should be seated according to their eyesight 49.What does the author mean by“most people are literally having a ZZZ”(Line 2, Paragraph 5)? [A] They are getting impatient. [B] They are noisily dozing off. [C] They are feeling humiliated. [D] They are busy with word puzzles. 50.Which of the following is true according to the text? [A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated. [B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism. [C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go. [D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias. Text 3 ①When When it it it comes comes comes to to to the the the slowing slowing slowing economy economy economy, , , Ellen Ellen Ellen Spero Spero Spero isn't isn't isn't biting biting biting her her her nails nails nails just just just yet. yet. ②But But the the 47-year-old 47-year-old manicurist manicurist manicurist isn't cutting, isn't cutting, filling or polishing as many nails as she'd like to, either. ③Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly weekly, but , but last last month two month two longtime longtime customers suddenly stopped showing customers suddenly stopped showing up. ④Spero blames the softening economy . ⑤“I'm a good economic indicator,”she says. ⑥“I provide a service that people can do without when they're concerned about saving some dollars.”⑦”⑦So Spero is downscaling, shopping shopping at at at middle-brow middle-brow middle-brow Dillard's Dillard's Dillard's department department department store store store near near near her her suburban suburban Cleveland Cleveland Cleveland home, home, home, instead instead instead of of of Neiman Neiman Marcus. ⑧“I don't know if other clients are going to abandon me, too,”she says. ①Even before Alan Greenspan's admission that A merica's America's America's red-hot economy red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. ②From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. ③For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. ④Already Already, experts say , experts say , , holiday sales are off 7 percent from holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year's pace. ⑤But don't sound any alarms just yet. ⑥Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy's long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening. ①Consumers say they're they're not not not in despair because, despite the dreadful in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, headlines, their own their own fortunes fortunes still still feel pretty good. ②Home prices are h olding steady holding steady in most regions. ③In Manhattan,“there's a new gold rush rush happening happening happening in in in the the the $4 $4 $4 million million million to to to $10 $10 $10 million million million range, range, range, predominantly predominantly predominantly fed fed fed by by Wall Wall Street Street Street bonuses,bonuses,”says broker Barbara Corcoran. ④In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. ⑤“Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three,”says John Teadly, a Bay Area real-estate , a Bay Area real-estate broker. ⑥And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job. ①Many Many folks folks folks see see see silver silver silver linings linings linings to to to this this this slowdown. slowdown. ②Potential Potential home home home buyers buyers buyers would would would cheer cheer cheer for for for lower lower interest rates. ③Employers wouldn't mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. ④Many consumers seem to to have have have been been been influenced influenced influenced by by stock-market stock-market swings, swings, swings, which which which investors investors investors now now now view view view as as as a a necessary necessary ingredient ingredient ingredient to to to a a sustained boom. ⑤Diners might see an upside, too. ⑥Getting a table at Manhattan's hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant restaurant used used used to to to be be be impossible. impossible. ⑦ Not Not anymore. anymore. ⑧ For For that, that, that, Greenspan Greenspan Greenspan & & & Co. Co. Co. may may may still still still be be be worth worth toasting. 51.By “Ellen Spero isn't biting her nails just yet ”(Line 1, Paragraph 1), the author means __________. [A] Spero can hardly maintain her business [B] Spero is too much engaged in her work [C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit [D] Spero is not in a desperate situation 52.How do the public feel about the current economic situation? [A] Optimistic. [B] Confused. [C] Carefree. [D] Panicked. 53.When 53.When mentioning mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range ”(Line 3, Paragraph 3) the author is talking about __________. [A] gold market [B] real estate [C] stock exchange [D] venture investment 54.Why can many people see “silver linings ”to the economic slowdown? [A] They would benefit in certain ways. [B] The stock market shows signs of recovery . [C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom. [D] The purchasing power would be enhanced. 55.To which of the following is the author likely to agree? [A] A new boom, on the horizon. [B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy . [C] Caution all right, panic not. [D] The more ventures, the more chances. Text 4 ①Americans Americans today today today don't don't don't place place place a a very very high high high value value value on on on intellect. intellect. ②Our Our heroes heroes heroes are are are athletes, athletes, athletes, entertainers, entertainers, and and entrepreneurs, entrepreneurs, entrepreneurs, not not not scholars. scholars. ③Even Even our our our schools schools schools are are are where where where we we we send send send our our our children children children to to to get get get a a a practical practical education —not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. ④Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren't difficult to find. ①“Schools Schools have have have always always always been been been in in a society society where where where practical practical practical is is is more more more important important important than than than intellectual,intellectual,”says education writer Diane Ravitch. ②“Schools could be a counterbalance.”③Ravitch's latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits. ①But But they they they could could could and and and should should should be. be. ② Encouraging Encouraging kids kids kids to to to reject reject reject the the the life life life of of of the the the mind mind mind leaves leaves leaves them them vulnerable vulnerable to to to exploitation exploitation exploitation and and and control. control. ③Without Without the the the ability ability ability to to to think think think critically, critically, critically, to to to defend defend defend their their their ideas ideas ideas and and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy . ④Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris,“We will become a second-rate country. ⑤We will have a less civil society .” ①“Intellect Intellect is is is resented resented resented as as as a a a form form form of of of power power power or or or privilege,privilege,”writes writes historian historian historian and and and professor professor professor Richard Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism anti-intellectualism in in in US US US politics, politics, politics, religion, religion, religion, and and and education. education. ②From From the the the beginning beginning beginning of of of our our our history history history, , , says says Hofstadter, Hofstadter, our our our democratic democratic democratic and and and populist populist populist urges urges urges have have have driven driven driven us us to to reject reject reject anything anything anything that that that smells smells smells of of of elitism. elitism. ③Practicality Practicality, common sense, and , common sense, and native native intelligence intelligence intelligence have been considered have been considered m ore noble qualities than anything more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book. ①Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children:“We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.”②Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn Finn exemplified exemplified exemplified American American American anti-intellectualism. anti-intellectualism. ③Its Its hero hero hero avoids avoids avoids being being being civilized civilized —going going to to to school school school and and learning to read —so he can preserve his innate goodness. ①Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. ②Intellect Intellect is is is the the the critical, critical, critical, creative, creative, creative, and and and contemplative contemplative contemplative side side side of of of the the the mind. mind. ③Intelligence Intelligence seeks seeks seeks to to to grasp, grasp, manipulate, re-order, re-order, and and and adjust, adjust, while intellect intellect examines, examines, examines, ponders, ponders, wonders, theorizes, theorizes, criticizes criticizes and imagines. ①School School remains remains remains a a a place place place where where where intellect intellect intellect is is is mistrusted. mistrusted. ②Hofstadter Hofstadter says says says our our our country's country's country's educational educational system system is is is in in in the the the grips grips grips of of of people people people who who “joyfully joyfully and and and militantly militantly militantly proclaim proclaim proclaim their their their hostility hostility hostility to to to intellect intellect intellect and and and their their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”56.What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school? . [A] The habit of thinking independently[B] Profound knowledge of the world. [C] Practical abilities for future career. [D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits. 57.We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of __________. [A] undervaluing intellect [B] favoring intellectualism [C] supporting school reform [D] suppressing native intelligence 58.The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are __________. [A] identical [B] similar [C] complementary [D] opposite 59.Emerson, according to the text, is probably __________. [A] a pioneer of education reform [B] an opponent of intellectualism [C] a scholar in favor of intellect [D] an advocate of regular schooling 60.What does the author think of intellect? [A] It is second to intelligence. [B] It evolves from common sense. [C] It is to be pursued. [D] It underlies power. 。

2004年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷1）一. 听力第一节（共两节，满分30分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What do we learn about the man?A. He slept well on the plane.B. He had a long trip.C. He had a meeting.2. Why will the woman stay home in the evening?A. To wait for a call.B. To watch a ball game on TV.C. To have dinner with a friend.3. What gift will the woman probably get for Mary?A. A school bag.B. A record.C. A theatre ticket.4. What does the man mainly do in his spare time?A. Learn a language.B. Do some sports.C. Play the piano.5. What did the woman like doing when she was young?A. Riding a bicycle with friends.B. Travelling the country.C. Reading alone.二. 听力第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2004年考研英语一阅读真题及答案2004年考研英语一阅读真题及答案2004年的考研英语一阅读真题是一道关于环境保护的文章。

这篇文章探讨了人类对环境的破坏以及环境保护的重要性。

下面我们将一起来看看这篇文章的内容以及其中的答案。

文章的开头引用了一段关于环境的描述：“地球上的生态系统是一个相互依赖、相互制约的系统。

”这句话直接点出了人类与环境的关系，也为后文的讨论奠定了基础。

接着，文章列举了一系列的环境问题，如水污染、空气污染、土地退化等。

这些问题的存在对人类的生存和发展都带来了严重的威胁。

文章还提到了一些统计数据，以加强读者对这些问题的认识和重视。

然后，文章转向讨论环境保护的重要性。

它指出，环境保护不仅仅是为了保护自然资源，更是为了人类自身的利益。

环境问题的解决需要全球范围内的合作和努力。

文章还提到了一些环境保护的方法和措施，如减少污染物排放、开展环境教育等。

接下来，文章讨论了环境保护所面临的挑战和困难。

它指出，环境保护需要政府、企业和个人的共同参与，但现实中存在着利益冲突和利益不对等的问题。

同时，环境保护也需要投入大量的资金和资源，这对于一些贫困地区来说是一个巨大的挑战。

最后，文章总结了环境保护的重要性，并呼吁每个人都要为环境保护贡献自己的力量。

它提出了一个问题：“如果我们不保护环境，那么我们的后代将如何生存？”这个问题引发了读者对环境保护的思考和反思。

在这篇文章的答案中，我们可以找到对应的信息和观点。

例如，对于环境问题的描述，答案中会提到水污染、空气污染和土地退化等具体问题。

对于环境保护的重要性，答案中会提到保护自然资源、人类自身利益以及全球合作等观点。

对于环境保护所面临的挑战，答案中会提到利益冲突、资源投入等问题。

最后，答案中会强调环境保护的重要性，并呼吁每个人的参与。

通过对这篇文章的阅读和答案的分析，我们可以更好地理解环境保护问题的重要性和紧迫性。

这篇文章不仅提供了相关的信息和观点，还引发了读者对环境保护的思考和行动。

ATired of Working in Your Country!With over 500 instructors and 20 years of experience, we are the leader in the field of teaching foreign languages. We now have positions open in Osaka starting September / October 2004 for instructors of English, German, Spanish and French.●Teach many different kinds of classes using the latest technology in small classes of up to 3 students.●Accommodation(住宿), and other necessary documents(文件) will be ready before you leave.●Applicants will teach their first language only.● Excellent teacher training programs.If you are young with a university degree and are willing to experience different cultures, apply(申请) now. Experience in teaching is an advantage but not specially required. Knowledge of the Japanese language is not necessary but good English skills and practical computer knowledge are basic requirements.Apply with C. V. (简历(书),个人履历)and send letters to:NOVA France, Mr. Sampy(IHT3 / 2)34, Bd. Haussmann, 75009 Paris, FranceFax: 33148014804Or visit our website: www. teadyp. comThe manager expects to meet and talk with successful applicants in Paris in June and July.56. What is the purpose of the text?A. To introduce a language school in Japan.B. To hire language teachers to work in Japan.C. To describe working conditions in Japan.D. To make clear the requirements for Japanese teachers.57. We know from the text that those who are going to Japan will _______.A. teach English only in OsakaB. receive a degree from a universityC. have free accommodationD. get trained for the job58. Before going to Japan, you need _______.A. to see the manager of NOV A FranceB. to take some computer coursesC. to write a letter to JapanD. to find a place to live59. If you want to work in Japan you should _______.A. have some working experienceB. know how to use computersC. present good teaching plansD. speak several languages56. B. 根据We now have positions open in Osaka for instructors of English ,German ,Spanish and French .雇佣一些语言老师去日本工作。

2004考研英语一答案及解析阅读理解Passage1首先，我们来看第一篇阅读理解题目。

题目类型为“主旨题”，要求我们确定该文章的主要观点。

正确答案是B：本文探讨了一种新的行星研究方法，该方法可以帮助科学家们发现可能存在生命的行星。

解析：阅读全文可以发现，文章从行星研究的传统方法出发，引出了一种全新的方法，即通过分析行星的光谱，来判断行星上是否会有生命的存在。

这种方法是一项非常重要且具有突破意义的科学进展。

因此，B选项是文章的主旨观点。

Passage2接下来，我们来看第二篇阅读理解题目。

题目类型为“细节题”，要求我们根据文章内容找到相关细节信息。

正确答案是D：据报道，中国的对外援助计划涉及减免债务、开展贸易、直接投资、建设基础设施等各方面。

解析：阅读全文可以发现，文章介绍了中国对外援助的范围和方式，并提到了债务减免、贸易、直接投资、基础设施建设等多个方面。

因此，D选项准确概括了文章的相关内容。

翻译题接下来是翻译题部分，要求我们将给出的中文句子翻译成英文。

1.由于时间有限，我们需要尽快完成这项任务。

答案：Due to the limited time, we need to complete this task as soon as possible.2.你愿意和我们一起参加这次活动吗？答案：Would you like to join us for this activity?解析：翻译要准确表达出句子的含义，并符合英文表达习惯。

3.这个新发现对于我们的研究非常重要。

答案：This new discovery is very important for our research.解析：要注意翻译中词义的准确传达，并结合上下文适当选择词汇和语法。

写作题最后是写作题部分，要求我们根据给出的提示写一篇短文。

以下是写作题的文本：假设你是李华，你校将于下周举办一次新闻写作比赛，请你根据以下提示，写一篇应征信。

2004年考研英语一阅读理解第四篇In the rapidly evolving digital landscape, the rise ofe-commerce has been nothing short of revolutionary. The fourth reading passage of the 2004 Graduate Entrance Exam English I Reading Comprehension section aptly captured this shift, discussing the significant changes in consumer behavior brought about by the increasing popularity ofonline shopping. This article delves deeper into the evolution of e-commerce and its profound impact on consumer behavior.The advent of the internet in the late 20th century marked a turning point in retail history. It democratized access to information, allowing consumers to compare prices, read reviews, and make informed decisions about their purchases. E-commerce platforms such as Amazon and eBay capitalized on this trend, providing a convenient andsecure means for individuals to buy and sell goods online.Initially, consumers were cautious about transacting online, due to concerns about security and privacy. However, as technology improved and online payment systems became more secure, trust in e-commerce grew. This trust wasfurther reinforced by the implementation of robust consumer protection policies and the establishment of trust marks, such as the well-known "https" in web addresses, indicating a secure connection.With the growth of e-commerce, consumer behavior also underwent significant changes. The convenience of online shopping led to a shift in purchasing patterns, with more consumers opting to buy products and services online instead of visiting physical stores. This trend was particularly pronounced during the COVID-19 pandemic, when lockdowns and social distancing measures forced many businesses to adapt their operations to an online-only model.Moreover, e-commerce has led to a more personalized shopping experience. Through data analysis and advanced algorithms, online retailers can now tailor their recommendations and marketing strategies to individual preferences. This personalization not only improves customer satisfaction but also drives up sales.Another significant impact of e-commerce is the emergence of new business models. The "direct-to-consumer"(D2C) model, for instance, allows brands to connectdirectly with their customers, bypassing traditional distributors and retailers. This model not only reduces costs but also enables brands to gather valuable feedback from consumers, enabling them to improve their products and services.In conclusion, the evolution of e-commerce has been transformative, not only for businesses but also for consumers. It has revolutionized the way we shop, making it more convenient, personalized, and secure. As technology continues to advance, we can expect e-commerce to bring about even more innovations in consumer behavior and retail practices.**电子商务的演变及其对消费者行为的影响**在快速变化的数字领域中，电子商务的崛起堪称革命性的。

2004年考研英语一真题及答案Section IListening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part ADirections:For questions 1-5, you will hear a talk about the geography of Belgium. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)Geography of BelgiumThree main regions coastal plaincentral plateauhighlands 1Highest altitude of the coastal plain _______m 2Climate near the sea HumidMild 3Particularly rainy months of the years AprilNovember 4Average temperatures in July in Brussels low 13℃high _______℃ 5Part BDirections:For Questions 6-10, you will hear an interview with Mr. Saffo from the Institute for the Future. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5 points)What is Saffo according to himself?The Institute for the Future provides services to private companies and ________.The Institute believes that to think systematically about the long-range future is________.To succeed in anything, one should be flexible, curious and________.What does Saffo consider to be essential to the work of a team?678910Part CDirections:You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. After listening, you will have time tocheck your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points)Questions 11-13 are based on the following talk about naming newborns. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13.11.What do we often do with the things we love?[A] Ask for their names.[B] Name babies after them.[C] Put down their names.[D] Choose names for them.12.The unpleasant meaning of an old family name is often overlooked if ________.[A] the family tree is fairly limited[B] the family tie is strong enough[C] the name is commonly used[D] nobody in the family complains13.Several months after a baby’s birth, its name will ________.[A] show the beauty of its own[B] develop more associations[C] lose the original meaning[D] help form the baby’s personalityQuestions 14-16 are based on the biography of Bobby Moore, an English soccer player. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.14.How many matches did Moore play during his professional career?[A] 90[B] 108[C] 180[D] 66815.In 1964, Bobby Moore was made ________.[A] England’s footballer of the year[B] a soccer coach in West Germany[C] a medalist for his sportsmanship[D] a number of the Order of the British Empire16.After Moore retired from playing, the first thing he did was ________.[A] editing Sunday Sport[B] working for Capital Radio[C] managing professional soccer teams[D] developing a sports marketing companyQuestions 17-20 are based on the following talk on the city of Belfast. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.17.Belfast has long been famous for its ________.[A] oil refinery[B] linen textiles[C] food products[D] deepwater port18.Which of the following does Belfast chiefly export?[A] Soap[B] Grain[C] Steel[D] Tobacco19.When was Belfast founded?[A] In 1177[B] In 1315[C] In the 16th century[D] In the 17th century20.What happened in Belfast in the late 18th century?[A] French refugees arrived.[B] The harbor was destroyed.[C] Shipbuilding began to flourish.[D] The city was taken by the English.You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.Section II: Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories __21__ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior __22__ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through __23__ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in __24__ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, __25__ as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, __26__ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commitcrimes. The latter may commit crimes __27__ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are __28__ to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly __29__ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that __30__ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment __31__ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in __32__ lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also __33__ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; __34__, children are likely to have less supervision at home __35__ was common in the traditional family __36__. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other __37__ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased __38__ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing __39__ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, __40__ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.21.[A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] cementing22.[A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because23.[A] interactions [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation24.[A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response25.[A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else26.[A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding27.[A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with28.[A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject29.[A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect30.[A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount31.[A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length32.[A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence33.[A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced34.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously35.[A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as36.[A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage37.[A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible38.[A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability39.[A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity40.[A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposingSection III Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D] Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent.〞 It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property, and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,〞 says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.〞 says one expert.For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept -- what you thinkyou want to do -- then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,〞 says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.〞 Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again. “I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me,〞 says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs -- those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them -- and they do. “On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,〞says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,〞 he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.41.How did Redmon find his job?[A] By searching openings in a job database.[B] By posting a matching position in a database.[C] By using a special service of a database.[D] By E-mailing his resume to a database.42.Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?[A] Lack of counseling.[B] Limited number of visits.[C] Lower efficiency.[D] Fewer successful matches.43.The expression “tip service〞 (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means ________.[A] advisory[B] compensation[C] interaction[D] reminder44.Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?[A] To focus on better job matches.[B] To attract more returning visits.[C] To reserve space for more messages.[D] To increase the rate of success.45.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.[B] Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.[C] Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.[D] Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zo? Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father)had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world’s five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.46.What does the author intend to illustrate with AAA A cars and Zodiac cars?[A] A kind of overlooked inequality.[B] A type of conspicuous bias.[C] A type of personal prejudice.[D] A kind of brand discrimination.47.What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?[A] In both East and West, names are essential to success.[B] The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zo? Zysman.[C] Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.[D] Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.48.The 4th paragraph suggests that ________.[A] questions are often put to the more intelligent students[B] alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class[C] teachers should pay attention to all of their students[D] students should be seated according to their eyesight49.What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ〞 (Lines 2-3, Paragraph 5)?[A] They are getting impatient.[B] They are noisily dozing off.[C] They are feeling humiliated.[D] They are busy with word puzzles.50.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn’t cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she’d like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I’m a good economic indicator,〞 she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they’re concerned about saving some dollars.〞 So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard’s department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don’t know if other clients are going to abandon me, too.〞 she says.Even before Alan Greenspan’s admission that America’s red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From cardealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year’s pace. But don’t sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they’re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there’s a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,〞 says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three,〞 says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn’t mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan’s hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan & Co. may still be worth toasting.51.By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet〞 (Lines 1-2, Paragraph 1), the author means ________.[A] Spero can hardly maintain her business[B] Spero is too much engaged in her work[C] Spero has grown out of her bad habit[D] Spero is not in a desperate situation52.How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A] Optimistic.[B] Confused.[C] Carefree.[D] Panicked.53.When mentioning “the $4 million to $10 million range〞 (Lines 3-4, Paragraph 3) the author is talking about ________.[A] gold market[B] real estate[C] stock exchange[D] venture investment54.Why can many people see “silver linings〞 to the economic slowdown?[A] They would benefit in certain ways.[B] The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom.[D] The purchasing power would be enhanced.55.To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A] A new boom, on the horizon.[B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy.[C] Caution all right, panic not.[D] The more ventures, the more chances.Text 4Americans today don’t place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education -- not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren’t difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,〞says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.〞 Ravitch’s latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed SchoolReforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.〞“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,〞 writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.〞 Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized -- going to school and learning to read -- so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.〞56.What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A] The habit of thinking independently.[B] Profound knowledge of the world.[C] Practical abilities for future career.[D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits.57.We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of ________.[A] undervaluing intellect[B] favoring intellectualism[C] supporting school reform[D] suppressing native intelligence58.The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are ________.[A] identical[B] similar[C] complementary[D] opposite59.Emerson, according to the text, is probably ________.[A] a pioneer of education reform[B] an opponent of intellectualism[C] a scholar in favor of intellect[D] an advocate of regular schooling60.What does the author think of intellect?[A] It is second to intelligence.[B] It evolves from common sense.[C] It is to be pursued.[D] It underlies power.Part BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries.61) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. 62) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from “exotic〞 language, were not always so grateful. 63) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data. Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages.Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages. 64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. 65) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages, Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.61.________62.________63.________64.________65.________Section IV Writing66.Directions:Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should1) describe the drawing,2) interpret its meaning, and3) support your view with examples.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)参考答案Section I: Listening Comprehension (20 points)Part A (5 points)1. highlands2. 203. mild4. November5. 22Part B (5 points)6. A (technology) forecaster;7. government agencies;8. (A) meaningful (exercise);9. open to change;10. Trust and cooperation.Part C (10 points)11. [D] 12. [B] 13. [C] 14. [D] 15. [A]16. [C] 17. [B] 18. [A] 19. [A] 20. [C]Section II: Use of English (10 points)21. [C] 22. [D] 23. [A] 24. [D] 25. [A]26. [B] 27. [C] 28. [D] 29. [A] 30. [B]31. [A] 32. [C] 33. [D] 34. [B] 35. [A]36. [B] 37. [B] 38. [D] 39. [A] 40. [C]Section III: Reading Comprehension (50 points)Part A (40 points)41. [C] 42. [A] 43. [D] 44. [B] 45. [C]46. [A] 47. [D] 48. [C] 49. [B] 50. [D]51. [D] 52. [A] 53. [B] 54. [A] 55. [C]56. [C] 57. [A] 58. [D] 59. [B] 60. [C]Part B (10 points)61. 希腊人认为, 语言构造与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。

2004-1Text41-Americans today don’t place a very high value on intellect.Our heroes are athletes,entertainers,and entrepreneurs,not scholars.Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education-not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge.Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren’t difficult to find.2-“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,”says education writer Diane Ravitch.“Schools could be a counterbalance.”Ravitch’s latest book,Left Back:A Century of Failed School Reforms,traces the roots ofanti-intellectualism in our schools,concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.3-But they could and should be.Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control.Without the ability to think critically,to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others,they cannot fully participate in our democracy.Continuing along this path,says writer Earl Shorris,“We will become a second-rate country.We will have a less civil society.”4-“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,”writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life,a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics,religion,and education.From the beginning of our history,says Hofstadter,our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism.Practicality,common sense,and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.5-Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children:“We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for10 or15years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.”Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism.Its hero avoids being civilized-going to school and learning to read-so he can preserve his innate goodness.6-Intellect,according to Hofstadter,is different from native intelligence,a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical,creative,and contemplative side of the mind.Intelligence seeks to grasp,manipulate,re-order,and adjust,while intellect examines,ponders,wonders, theorizes,criticizes and imagines.7-School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted.Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who“joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”36.What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A]The habit of thinking independently.[B]Profound knowledge of the world.[C]Practical abilities for future career.[D]The confidence in intellectual pursuits.37.We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of________.[A]undervaluing intellect[B]favoring intellectualism[C]supporting school reform[D]suppressing native intelligence38.The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are________.[A]identical[B]similar[C]complementary[D]opposite39.Emerson,according to the text,is probably________.[A]a pioneer of education reform[B]an opponent of intellectualism[C]a scholar in favor of intellect[D]an advocate of regular schooling40.What does the author think of intellect?[A]It is second to intelligence.[B]It evolves from common sense.[C]It is to be pursued.[D]It underlies power.。

全国2004年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题程代码：00794I.用适当语法形式或词汇填空。

从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）1.It ( ) a lot so far this month.A．is raining B．rainsC．rained D．has bee raining2.Jim had been studying very hard, and ( ) he failed the exam.A．thus B．soC．yet D．hence3.If you don’t want to go to the party, you ( ) stay at home.A．might well as B．might just asC．might as just well D．might just as well4.I have taken quite a few courses this term, ( ) turn out to be not as interesting as I expected.A．some B．some of whichC．those D．some of them5.The coat I bought for my brother cost me ( ) the one formyself.A．three times as much as B．three times as many as C．as three times many as D．as three times as6.Bob feels that his composition is better than ( ) in hisclass.A．the other’s B．any other’sC．the other student D．any other student7.I had meant ( ) you about it , but I forgot to do so. A．telling B．to tellC．to have told D．having told8.( ) for their help, we would not have succeeded. A．Hadn’t been B．Had it not beenC．It hadn’t been D．Had been not9.Not only ( ) a promise, but he also kept it.A．has he made B．he madeC．had he made D．he had made10.More and more adults in the rural areas ( ) in self-study programs.A．were believed to be enrolledB．believed to be enrolledC．were believed to enrollD．believed to enroll11.( ) an answer, John decided to write another letter tothem.A．Having not received B．Not having received C．Not to receive D．To receive not12.There was so much noise that the teacher couldn’t make ()A．himself to hear B．to hear himself C．himself hear D．himself heard13.We’d better not go until your brother arrives, ( )? A．had we B．did weC．wouldn’t we D．shouldn’t we14.We had these photos ( ) when we were working in thefields.A．taking B．to be takenC．taken D．to take15.All flights ( ) because of the heavy fog, we decided totake the train.A．have canceled B．have been canceled C．having canceled D．having been canceled16.His experience in the army will have a profound ( ) onhis life.A．effort B．impressionC．effect D．result17.As we get to know people, we take into ( ) things likeage, race, physical attractiveness and economic and social status.A．account B．concernC．advantage D．charge18.How much do you think a pearl of this size will be ( )? A．worthwhile B．worthyC．worth it D．worth19.Fire ( ) from the hospital last Saturday evening.Unfortunately, two patients died in the fire.A．broke away B．broke outC．broke off D．broke through20.These animals with long necks ( ) the leaves of talltrees.A．live on B．live byC．go by D．go on21.He was just too busy yesterday, ( ), he certainly wouldhave gone with you.A．however B．spontaneouslyC．almost D．otherwise22.These European countries were afraid of being dragged intothis dispute. It might ( ) them in a war.A．urge B．involveC．head D．lead23.( ) the beautiful weather there, he felt he had overcomehis depression and tiredness.A．Thanks to B．But forC．Instead of D．Apart from24.I found it hard to concentrate on my work ( ) so manypeople around.A．during B．whenC．because D．with25.One of the hardest parts of traveling in general is to () a list of what you’ll need to bring with you.A．come along with B．come up withC．come across D．come about26.The number of car-owners is on the increase. Some youngpeople ( ) the car as a status symbol.A．look upon B．look toC．look up D．look at27.The organization has been ( ) the protection ofenvironment since its founding.A．committed to B．loyal toC．given to D．appointed to28.He worked in a small village in Heilongjiang province tenyears ago. But all these years he has stayed in ( ) with some villagers there.A．conversation B．connectionC．touch D．communication29.It was not the best result. But he was quite content ( )the improvement.A．with B．atC．on D．in30.After a long discussion they decided to ( ) thoseunreasonable and outdated rules.A．break down B．get away fromC．do away with D．turn downII.认真阅读下面两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题。