法语基础教学 At the seaside
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第三课 一、语音音素[a ] an, am, en, em 后面不接元音字母或m,n 时;enfant [a f a ] membre [m a br] pente [p Q t] tente [101] camp [k S ] lampe [l a p] an [a ] annee [ane] ami [ami] madame [madam][o ] on, om 后面不接元音字母或m,n 时;bonbon [b o b o ] ton [t o ] pont [p o ] bombe [b o b] pompe [p o p]dont [d o ] donne : [d 3n]回]eu, 8u 不读[0]时;ue 在字母c,g 后;peuple [pspl ] peur [p8 :r] beurre [b8 :r] ssur [s8 :r] 8uf [M accueil [aksj] orgueilQrgsj] 回e 在词首开音节中,在单音节词末;在“辅辅e 辅”结构中;ai, on 在个别 词中Petit [poti] debout [dsbu] ceci [sssi] venir [vsnir] semer [some]le [lo] mercredi [msrkrodi] vendredi [v Q drodi] faisons [fbz 3 ] satisfaisant [satisfbza] monsieur [mssj0] me te se de ce je que le[0] eu, 8u 在词末开音节中,[口音前,或在个别词中vsu [v0] jeu [j 0] peu [p0] deux [d0] aveu [av0] bsufs [b0] les 8ufs [lez0] voleuse[V D l0 :z] heureuse [8r0 :z] Europe [0r D p] Eurasie [0razi] jeudi [j 0di][3] j, g 在 e i y 前,ge 在 a, o, u 前; joue [ju ] juste[jyst ] jaune[3 on ] gene [j sn] genou [j onu] gel [j sl] gite [3it ] gymnase [jimna:z ] obligeant [D bli j a ] nageons [na j o ] [J ] ch 不在r, n 前时;sh sch 在词首Chou [J u] chene [J sn] chaume [J om] chemise [J omi:z] Chine [J in] chercher [J sr J e] proche [prc J ] marche [mar J ] sherif [J erif] schema [J ema][z] z ; s 在元音字母之间,x 在个别序数词中;z 在词末一般不发音,除个别词外; zele [zsl] zone [z D n ] zinc [z e :g] zero [zero] phase [fa:z] visiter [vizite] dixieme[dizjsm] sixieme [sizjsm] riz [ri] gaz [ga :z][g] g 在a, o, u,辅音字母前;gu 在i, e, y 前,在词末一般不发音 gare [ga:r] gant [g a ] gout [gu] gomme [g D m] legumes [legym] glace [glas] guide [gid] guerre [gs :r] Guy [gi] langue [l a g] bague [bag][gz] ex-, inex-在词首,后接元音时;Par exemple [sgz a pl] des exercices [sgzsrsis] inexact [insgzakt][k] c (cc)在a, o, u,辅音字母前;k, ck, qu, q ; ch在r, n前或个别词中;c在词末一般发音,除个别词外;在个别词中读[g]car [ka:r] quai [ke] quand [k a ] cou [ku] comme [c D m] cube [kyb] acte [akt] actrice [aktris] kaki [kaki] ticket [tiks] quelque [kslk] coq [k D k] cinq [s e k] piqure [pikyr] technique [tsknik] chretien [kresj e] orchestre [orksstr] psychologie [psik D l D i] sac [sak] mec [msk] seconde [ssg o d]tabac [taba]烟草blanc [bl a]白色的estomac [sst D ma]胃franc[fr a]坦率的banc [b a ]长椅porc [p D:r]猪肉croc [cro]钩子二、语法部分1、少数名词的性有些阳性名词已经以-结尾了,则不加,只需用冠词来表示阴性,或者说名词本身不分阴、阳性,如:Un journaliste —une journaliste 女记者un camarade —une camarade 女同志un secretaire —une secretaire 女秘书un eleve —une eleve 女学生2、钟点表达法:1)表示钟点用无人称短语il est ...Quelle heure est-il ?几点了?Il est une heure. 一点了。
at the 连读规则At the 连读规则连读是指在口语中,当一个单词以辅音音素结尾,后面的单词以元音音素开头时,两个单词之间的辅音音素与元音音素可以连读在一起。
这种连读现象在英语口语中非常常见,也是自然而然地发生的。
在英语中,有很多常用的连读规则,其中之一就是"At the"的连读规则。
"At the"连读规则是指当"At"后面紧跟以元音音素开头的单词时,"t"音与后面单词的元音音素连读在一起,读作/də/,即发音为"duh"。
这种连读规则在口语中非常常见,例如:1. "at the"连读成/də/- "at the park"连读成/dəpɑːk/,读作"duh park",意为"在公园"。
- "at the beach"连读成/dəbiːtʃ/,读作"duh beach",意为"在海滩"。
2. "at the"连读成/də/并省略后面的元音音素- "at the end"连读成/də end/,读作"duh end",意为"在尽头"。
- "at the beginning"连读成/dəbɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/,读作"duh beginning",意为"在开始处"。
3. "at the"连读成/də/并发生元音变化- "at the university"连读成/dəˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrsɪti/,读作"duh you-ni-vur-si-ty",意为"在大学"。
全英授课法语课堂用语1. 开始课堂- Good morning/afternoon/evening, everyone! 早上/下午/晚上好,大家!- Is everyone here? 大家都在吗?- Let's begin our lesson. 让我们开始上课吧。
2. 介绍自己- My name is [your name]. 我叫[你的名字]。
- I am your French teacher. 我是你们的法语老师。
- I'm from [your country]. 我来自[你的国家]。
- I have been teaching French for [number] years. 我已经教法语[number]年了。
3. 课堂用语- Can you repeat that, please? 你可以请再说一遍吗?- Could you speak slower, please? 你可以说得慢一点吗?- How do you say [word/phrase] in French? [词语/短语]用法语怎么说?- Can you give me an example sentence? 你可以给我一个例句吗?- Please write it on the board. 请在黑板上写下来。
- Do you understand? 你明白吗?- Are there any questions? 有没有问题?- Let's practice speaking/listening/reading/writing. 我们来练说/听/读/写。
- Pair up with a partner. 与一位同学合作。
- Let's work in groups of three. 我们组成三人小组。
4. 结束课堂- That's all for today. 今天就到这里。
经典法语诗歌【1】Rain雨Rain is falling all around, 雨儿在到处降落,It falls on field and tree, 它落在田野和树梢,It rains on the umbrella here, 它落在这边的雨伞上, And on the ships at sea. 又落在航行海上的船只。
by R. L. Stevenson, 1850-1894【2】What Does The Bee Do?What does the bee do? 蜜蜂做些什么?Bring home honey. 把蜂蜜带回家。
And what does Father do? 父亲做些什么?Bring home money. 把钱带回家。
And what does Mother do? 母亲做些什么?Lay out the money. 把钱用光。
And what does baby do?婴儿做些什么?Eat up the honey. 把蜜吃光。
by C. G. Rossetti, 1830-1894【3】O Sailor, Come Ashore啊!水手,上岸吧(Part I)O sailor, come ashore 啊!水手,上岸吧What have you brought for me? 你给我带来什么?Red coral , white coral, 海里的珊瑚,Coral from the sea. 红的,白的。
(Part II)I did not dig it from the ground 它不是我从地下挖的,Nor pluck it from a tree; 也不是从树上摘的;Feeble insects made it 它是暴风雨的海裹In the stormy sea. 弱小昆虫做成的。
by C. G. Rossetti【4】THE WIND风(Part I)Who has seen the wind? 谁曾见过风的面貌?Neither I nor you; 谁也没见过,不论你或我;But when the leaves hang trembling, 但在树叶震动之际,The wind is passing through. 风正从那里吹过。
第一册第15课Leçon 15●32周●2-3周●4学时●●●Leçon 15●生掌握新句型并能灵活运用于日常对话中。
●Leçon 15的全部内容。
●structures 句型:1.a pprendreJ’apprends le français.Il m’apprend une recette française.Elle apprend une chanson àun enfant.2.d epuis3.-- N’avez-vous pas de cours ?-- Si, nous avons des cours. / Non, nous n’avons pas de cours.-- Avez-vous des cours ?-- Oui, nous avons des cours./ Non, nous n’avons pa s de cours.4. comme d’habitude5. Puisque Catherine m’a invité àdîner chez elle, je lui ai apportédes fleurs.Je n’ai pas mangé chez moi, parce que j’ai pris mon repas au restaurant.6.p oser une/des question/s à qqn.7.e ntre8.l a plupart de + nom9.e ssayer de + inf10.par exemple11.à la fin de12.en cours13.Tu as fait des progrès. – Tu as fait de grands progrès.14.quelque, quelques adj. indéf. quelque chose, depuis quelques jours15.être content de + inf+ qqch./ qqn.ex. Elle est très contente de vous voir.Ils sont contents de leur chambre. – Ils en sont contents.Nous sommes contents de notre fils. –Nous en sommes contents.16.faire plaisir à qqn.17.dire qqch. à qqn.18.falloir il faut + inf.mencer à + inf.20.ne...rienEx. Il ne dit rien. –Il n’a rien dit.21.être en colère22. avoir assez de qqch./ de faire qqch.23. plus de + nomRemarques 课文难点注释宾语代词的位置在陈述句和否定命令句中,宾语人称代词一般放在动词前,复合时态中放在助动词前,顺序如下:但是,在肯定命令句中,代词放在动词后,直接宾语放在间接宾语前,顺序如下:Ex. -- Est-ce que je dois donner ces livres à M. Feng ?(je dois les lui donner ?)-- Non, ne les lui donne pas. / Oui, donne-les-lui.J ’ai apporté un cadeau à M. et Mme. Feng hier. – je le leur ai donné. Il m’écrit une lettre. – Il me l’écrit.●详见课本P279-289●Exercices de leçon 146.1) Qu’est-ce qu’il prend ?2) Est-ce que tu aimes / vous aimez le bœuf ?3) Qu’est-ce que tu veux / vous voulez après le repas ? / Que veux-tu /voulez-vous...4) Y a-t-il du poisson aujourd’hui ? / Est-ce qu’il y a du poisson....5) Est-ce que tu préfères le café ? / Préfères-tu le café ?6) Qui ne boit jamais de vin ?7. 1) Mangeons vite aujourd’hui !2) Va ouvrir la porte !3) Finissons ce travail ce soir !4) Ne partons pas !5) N’en prends pas !6) Partez demain !8. Ca sent bon. Bon appétit ! L’appétit vient en mangeant !mettre le couvert être en train de faire qqch. donner qqch. à qqn.apporter qqch. à qqn. retenir qqch. inviter qqn. à faire qqch.9.1) -- Qu’est-ce qu’il y a (comme plats) aujourd’hui ?-- Il y a du bœuf, en veux-tu / voulez-vous ?(tu en veux / vous en voulez ? 口语)2) Nous invitons notre professeur à dîner chez nous ce soir.3) Ne mange pas (si/trop/très) vite ! Ce n’est pas bon/bien.4) –Paul, qu’est-ce que tu fais là ? Les amis vont arriver.-- Je suis en train de mettre le couvert.-- Quelqu’un frappe à la porte. Va ouvrir (la porte) !-- Bon/oui, j’arrive.5) –Qu’est-ce que vous voulez boire/prendre comme boisson ? (Il y a) de la bière,du café, et du thé chinois.-- Je prends du thé.●Exercices de leçon 151.1) de 2) du, à 3) de 4) sur 5) chez, avec 6) d’, après2.1) as vu 2) ont mis 3) avons été 4) n’ont pas voulu 5)ont bu 6) apris5.1) a neigé, a apporté, a mis, j’ai voulu, ai demandé, a donné, j’ai été2) a eu, j’ai pris, ont pris, avons bien mangé●DictéePaul invite Madeleine à dîner cher lui. Il prépare le repas tout l’après-midi.Madeleine apporte des fruits pour le dessert. Ils prennent le rôti de veau comme plat. C’est très bon avec le vin. Paul fait très bien la cuisine et Madeleine est bien contente de ce dîner.●背诵课文,课文生词造句。
At the Sea⁃Side
海边
Robert Louis Stevenson 佚名(译)
罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森(Robert Louis Stevenson ),19世纪后半叶英国伟大的小说家。
他的代表作品有长篇小说《金银岛》《化身博士》《卡特丽娜》等。
早期他到处游历,为其创作积累了资源;后期他致力于小说创作,且取得了极高的成就。
其作品风格独特多变,对20世纪现代主义文学影响巨大。
When I was down beside the sea A wooden spade they gave to me To dig the sandy shore.My holes were empty like a cup.In every hole the sea camp up Till it could come no more.当我到海边时
他们给了我一把木铲
好去挖沙滩。
挖成杯状的空洞。
让每个洞中的海水涌现直到它不能再涌现。
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英语语法基础教程→ 法语语法基础教程前言这份教程旨在帮助研究者从英语语法过渡到法语语法。
了解英语语法的基础知识是研究法语语法的良好基础。
本教程将介绍一些常见的法语语法规则,帮助您建立起对法语语法的理解和运用。
词法规则名词在法语中,名词有性别和数(单数和复数)的区别。
与英语不同的是,法语中的名词还有不同的形式,取决于它们作为主语、直接宾语还是间接宾语。
本节将讲解法语名词的性别和单复数形式。
动词法语动词的变化非常复杂,根据不同的主语和时态进行变位。
本节将介绍法语动词的基本变位规则和一些常见的时态。
代词法语代词在句子中扮演不同的角色,如主语、宾语、间接宾语等。
了解这些角色以及代词的不同形式和用法是研究法语语法的关键。
本节将介绍法语代词的基本用法和形式变化。
句法规则语序法语中的句子结构相对灵活,但仍然有一些基本的语序规则。
本节将讲解法语中常见的语序结构,包括主谓结构、主语-动词-宾语结构以及疑问句结构等。
时态法语中有多种时态,每种时态都有不同的用法和变位规则。
本节将介绍法语中一些常见的时态,如现在时、过去时和将来时等。
从句法语中的从句在复合句中起到连接主句和从句的作用。
本节将介绍法语从句的种类和引导词,以及从句的语序和动词变位等注意事项。
小结本教程简要介绍了从英语语法到法语语法的过渡。
了解和掌握法语的词法和句法规则是研究法语的基础。
希望这份教程能够帮助您开始研究法语语法,并为进一步深入研究打下基础。
如果您对法语语法有任何疑问,可以参考相关法语语法书籍或请教专业教师。
如何自学法语(How to teach yourself French)I'm learning by myself, and I'm just beginning to learn. I feel much more difficult than English. It's mainly the pronunciation part. It's hard to teach myself. The pronunciation of French is difficult.I use the "learn French from scratch" this software, is downloaded from the Internet with BT, there are more than 2 G, this software is not bad, suitable for a little basic friends without learning. But in some places, pronunciation is not very clear, and some places are not very good design. But if the economy is not very well-off, there is no money to report counseling classes, it can only be like this.Other books of learning materials are: "French" (FLTRP), university teacher Ma Xiaohong series, four volumes, press the "concise tutorial" in French, good, suitable for beginners, the "public" in French is also good, these are Chinese series of French teaching materials. Another is "Reflets", "new French without borders", these two textbooks are very good, but all French original textbooks, not suitable for beginners.Here is what I'm looking for French learning experience, we study together.----------------The Frenchman said "if the English to pupils, French is postdoctoral", although some exaggeration, but French rigorous and precise is unmatched in other languages, the pure standard in French, you can play hard to find flaws, the United Nationshas put some important documents in French record also, it is on this point. Of course, "postdoctoral" and "reputation is based on its complicated grammar, many verb and erratic words of yin and Yang" rules for the price be beneath the human character ".Is it difficult to learn French? Not only is language, after all, just a language, can spread down, is to use and easy to grasp as the premise, as long as the intention to learn, and naturally mastered.What skills do you have in learning French? - yes, following the rules. What rules should we follow in learning French? Here are some of the information from the website:1, learn pronunciation, lay a good foundation.Some netizens asked questions, "strange, I buy the French textbooks on how the words do not have phonetic symbols, how to do?"" Human beings laugh when they think. In fact, the phonetic symbols of French words can only be fully annotated in dictionaries. Why? Because the French pronunciation has rules, you will find little contact with the French, French differs from English is the most intuitive place in some of the letters above there will be some notes (accent), such as "E, a", which is used to determine the pronunciation of the letters, with notes of the pronunciation of the letters is the only one, don't take notes for other letters, the pronunciation can due to the position in the word is different, but they are fixed with the rules of the use of rules can be spelled Pinyin as to read French words. Therefore, mastering the pronunciation ofFrench rule, French spelling even solved. Even if you give an article that you don't know about a word, you can read it without any help.Problems should be paid attention to in pronunciation learning:Preventing English accent read French; French pronunciation to elegant, solemn and no diphthongs, cacuminal is not like English as "frivolous".Avoid the influence of dialect. For example, N; L is not graded.Suggested methods in pronunciation learning:It is better to have a teacher with it to make it easier to correct the sound, of course, the premise is to find a good teacher.It can see a few French film, French songs, listen to French radio, do not understand the Never mind, the key is to create an atmosphere, let your subconscious to French pronunciation, "feeling", not to send voice too outrageous.2. Parallel teaching materials at home and abroadAfter learning English for so many years, it is still a bad way to say "chinaenglish",Lack of a set of excellent original teaching materials to guide. This problem should be avoided in French learning.The current university professional French teaching, are using the two sets of textbooks to explain the foreign parallel mode: Chinese material is mainly used for explain French entry, grammar, usually in the Chinese way of thinking to the compilation, explanation, easy to understand and easy to accept; French original materials, is in accordance with the French language habits, the way of thinking to prepare, you learn is not only pure pronunciation and grammar, but also from all aspects of their ideology, social culture and ideology have the objective understanding and experience, the language is vital. Like when foreigners learn Chinese, if not to Chinese language habits in contact with considerable understanding, by their own teacher, he is very difficult to understand what is "things", he is not the "something" problem.Problems should be noticed in the selection and use of teaching materials:Try to use authoritative and popular textbooks. This is not only convenient for you to learn pure French, but also convenient for you to communicate with others on the Internet. It is very difficult to find the "bosom friend" because of the too biased teaching materials.The principle of seeking excellence without seeking much. Good textbooks, Chinese, French original set is enough, the rest of the best can only be used as a reference, should not average force.Common textbooks for selection:Domestic edition:The Chinese: "French" (FLTRP) - general professional French textbooks (4 volumes), the completion of the first two volumes can be lovers in general. The 3 and 4 volumes are basically the content of French literature.Chinese: a concise textbook of French: a textbook commonly used for students of English department as a second foreign language textbook and training course.Chinese: public French: a common textbook for French lovers.French edition:(Reflets) the best French textbook, video teaching mode, pure, easy to learn, practical, especially recommendedThe new French without borders is also good, and now there is a tendency to be replaced by Reflets.3. Cultivate interest and persevere"Interest is the best teacher", learning language is a very interesting thing, she is easy to have a sense of accomplishment, especially in the Internet age. From the French to QQ can be utterly ignorant of, simple greetings in French, slowly developed into the community to send a few French post, the movie has to be able to understand some phrases, listen to the song of the French experience is not limited to the melody. New things can be found immediately on the Internet, wherequestions can be immediately found online communities posted to discuss. Not only to feel the progress, but also to make friends, why not do it?!Because of individual differences and learning French for different purposes, will often appear some "give up halfway" phenomenon in learning, such as French training more people to finally come students less; in fact, I think this is normal, if not what special pressure, such as examination, interview and so on, when not I want to learn, you can stop here, of course, had better not completely isolated and French can listen to music, watch movies and the like, can let the French have accumulated in their consciousness, and also easy to learn when. Of course, if we really want to learn French or have to persevere, to learn a certain time, always think that everyone is difficult to improve the phenomenon, it should be to learn anything of it, to overcome the past, also "dense willow trees and bright flowers.".4, often hear habitual repetition ChukouchengzhangThe easiest way to learn the language is to listen to the back, a lot of things are fixed, used to use, back a few commonly used sentences, practical essays, learning to sing beautiful French songs are good ways.5. Ask questions in real time communicationIn the network era, information transmission is very convenient. Sometimes some of the problems that allow beginners to bend for a few days, online find a "teacher" or "classmates", may besolved a few words, time-saving thorough. The French community, friends list, master a lot of talented men still remained in concealment,Not afraid of problems that cannot be solved. Of course, a very real problem is that the service is compulsory, all can not find timely and accurate answer a lot of questions, but I think with the development of network and maturity, and respect for personal knowledge and time, online paid French education communication because it is not the time and place of the limit and low prices slowly accepted, then you will have more choices.。
法语中a的用法总结一、法语中a的词义及用法在法语中,字母"a"是非常常见且多义的一个字母。
它可以作为代词、冠词、介词等等,在不同的语境中具有不同的意义和用法。
以下将详细总结法语中字母"a"的用法。
1. 代词:a. 人称代词:a可以作为第三人称单数男性和女性的宾格代词,表示"他/她"。
例如:Il a un chien. (他有一只狗) / Elle a une voiture. (她有一辆车)b. 强调代词:a还可以作为强调句子中主语或宾语的代词。
例如:C'est elle qui a gagné le match. (是她赢了比赛)2. 冠词:a. 不定冠词:a还可以作为不定冠词,表示"一个/一些"。
例如:Il y a un livre sur la table. (桌子上有一本书)b. 合成冠词:在某些特殊情况下,a与其他字母组合形成新的合成冠词。
例如:au(à+le)表示"在…" 或 at the(在……处);aux (à+les)表示"in the(在……内)。
3. 助动词:在构成近将来时式或条件式时,a可以用作助动词来辅助动词。
例如:Je vais aller faire du shopping. (我将去购物) / Si j'avais le temps, je le ferais. (如果我有时间,我会做的)4. 连词:a. 与:在法语中,a用于连接两个名词或短语,并表示"和"。
例如:J'aime la musique et la danse. (我喜欢音乐和舞蹈)b. 如果...就(一旦...就):当“a”用于形容词性从句前时,表示"如果...就"。
例如:Avoir de l'argent, c'est bien, mais cela n'est pas tout à fait suffisant.(拥有金钱是好的,但这并不完全足够。