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英语国际音标的讲解及练习Lesson 1前元音：[i:] [i] [e] [æ]前元音发音要领：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，双唇不要收圆。
[i:]舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起。
嘴唇向两旁伸开，成扁平形。
注意：[i:]是长元音，发长元音时要比发短元音长两倍以上。
[i]舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，比[i:]低,比[e]高。
唇形扁平，牙床开得比[i:]宽，比[e]窄。
可从发[i:]出发，将小指尖放在上下齿之间，舌前部也随之稍稍下降，即可发出[i]。
[e]舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，比[i:]低。
唇形中常，牙床开得比[i:]宽，上下齿间可容纳一个食指。
[æ]舌尖抵下齿。
双唇向两旁平伸，成扁平形，两齿间可以容纳食指和中指。
爆破辅音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]爆破音发音要领：[p] [t] [k]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动，送气要强。
[b] [d] [g]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动，送气要强。
[p] [b]双唇紧闭，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔。
[t] [d]舌尖紧贴上齿龈，形成阻碍，然后突然下降，气流冲出口腔。
[k] [g]舌后部隆起，紧贴软颚，形成阻碍，然后突然离开，气流冲出口腔。
发音练习：b[bi:] d[di:] e[i:]Lesson 2后元音：[ɑ:] [ɔ] [ɔ:] [u] [u:]后元音发音要领：舌尖不触下齿，舌身后缩，舌后部向软颚抬起，除[ɑ:]外，双唇要收圆。
发[ɑ:][ɔ:][u:]时要注意长度，不要发得太短。
[ɑ:]舌尖不触下齿，口张大，舌身平放后缩。
[ɔ]舌尖不触下齿，口张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩。
双唇稍稍收圆。
可先发[ɑ:]，然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩，双唇稍稍收圆（不要突出）即可发出[ɔ]。
[ɔ:]舌后部比发[ɔ]时抬得略高。
双唇也收得更圆更小，并须用力向前突出。
[u]舌尖不触下齿, 舌后部向软颚抬起,舌身后缩。
双唇收圆，稍向前突出。
[u:]双唇比发[u]时收得更圆更小，向前突出，舌后部比发[u]时抬得更高。
一、元音（一）单元音1.前元音：[ i: ] [ i ] [ e ] [ æ][ i: ] 音标特征:前元音长元音不圆唇 长元音舌位高 不圆唇前元音 舌位高发音要诀:舌前部抬得最高，牙齿近乎全合。
舌尖抵下齿。
但比汉语普通话 “i”音稍低, 没有摩擦。
舌前部向硬颚尽量抬起,但比汉语普通话嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平行. 做微笑状,发[ i: ]长音。
注意: “: ”是长音符号,长元音往往比它相应的短元音长两倍以上。
发音组合:e ee ea ie ei 代表单词:m e h e w e e ven b ee f ee l br bree ee ze d ee p fr free ees ea t b ea t l ea d t ea ea t r ea son gr grie ie f bel belie ie ve ach achie ie ve rec recei ei ve conc concei ei ve [ i ]音标特征: 前元音前元音 半高音半高音 扁平唇扁平唇 短元音短元音 发音要诀: 舌前部比[i:]稍低,比[e]高，舌尖抵下齿,嘴唇扁平分开。
嘴唇扁平分开。
牙床也开得稍大一些比[ i:]稍宽稍宽,比[ e ]窄。
窄。
上下齿之间的距离大约可以容纳一个小指尖。
使下颚稍稍下垂,舌前部也随之稍稍下降,即可发出短促[ i ]音。
音。
发音组合: i 代表单词: s i t b i t k i ck p i ck w i sh 音标对比: [ i: ] [ i ]s ea t s i t b ea t b i t sh sheeee p sh shi i p [ e ] 音标特征: 前元音前元音半高音半高音 不圆唇不圆唇 短元音短元音 发音要诀: 舌尖抵下齿, 舌前部稍抬起, 舌后接近硬颚, 比[ i:] 低。
牙床也开得半开半合,比[ i:] 宽,整体做微笑状。
上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指尖。
英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）辅音（28个）英语国际音标的讲解及练习Lesson 1⑴前元音：[i：] [i] [e] [æ]前元音发音要领：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，双唇不要收圆。
[i：]①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起。
②嘴唇向两旁伸开，成扁平形。
注意：[i：]是长元音，发长元音时要比发短元音长两倍以上。
[i] ①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，比[i：]低,比[e]高。
②唇形扁平，牙床开得比[i：]宽，比[e]窄。
③可从发[i：]出发，将小指尖放在上下齿之间，舌前部也随之稍稍下降，即可发出[i]。
[e] ①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，比[i：]低。
②唇形中常，牙床开得比[i：]宽，上下齿间可容纳一个食指。
[æ] ①舌尖抵下齿。
②双唇向两旁平伸，成扁平形，两齿间能够容纳食指和中指。
⑵爆破辅音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]爆破音发音要领：[p] [t] [k]是清辅音，发音时声带不振动，送气要强。
[b] [d] [g]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须振动，送气要强。
[p] [b]双唇紧闭，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔。
[t] [d]舌尖紧贴上齿龈，形成防碍，然后突然下降，气流冲出口腔。
[k] [g]舌后部隆起，紧贴软颚，形成防碍，然后突然离开，气流冲出口腔。
⑶发音练习：b[bi：] d[di：] e[i：]Lesson 2⑴后元音：[ɑ：] [ɔ] [ɔ：] [u] [u：]后元音发音要领：①舌尖不触下齿，舌身后缩，舌后部向软颚抬起，除[ɑ：]外，双唇要收圆。
②发[ɑ：][ɔ：][u：]时要注意长度，不要发得太短。
[ɑ：] 舌尖不触下齿，口张大，舌身平放后缩。
[ɔ] ①舌尖不触下齿，口张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩。
②双唇稍稍收圆。
③可先发[ɑ：]，然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩，双唇稍稍收圆（不要突出）即可发出[ɔ]。
[ɔ：] ①舌后部比发[ɔ]时抬得略高。
②双唇也收得更圆更小，并须用力向前突出。
英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。
对于初学者来说，若采用集中教学，要学会48个音素的发音并区别开。
确实不易。
Four front vowels：1、[i:] 嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，嘴角向两边张开，露出微笑的表情，与字母E的发音相同。
me [mi:] 我（宾格） we [wi:] 我们（主格）he [hi:] 他 she[ʃi:] 她eat [i:t] 吃 tea [ti:] 茶bee [bi:] 蜜蜂 peach [pi:tʃ] 桃子feel[fi:l] 感觉 even[i:vn] 甚至2、[ɪ] 嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，嘴形扁平。
it [ɪt] 它sit [sɪt] 坐big [bɪg] 大的pig [pɪg] 猪；猪肉pick [pɪk] 挑选give [gɪv] 给kiss [kɪs] 亲吻city ['sɪtɪ] 城市visit ['vɪzɪt] 访问；参观busy[bɪzɪ] 忙碌的3、[e] 嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。
get [get] 得到red [red] 红色bed [bed] 床tell [tel] 告诉any ['enɪ] 任何very ['verɪ] 非常seven [ˈsevn] 七yellow ['jeləʊ] 黄色egg[eg] 鸡蛋best[best] 最好的4、[æ] 嘴张大，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形，舌尖抵下齿。
apple ['æpl] 苹果map [mæp] 地图bad [bæd] 坏的carry ['kærɪ] 携带happy ['hæpɪ] 快乐family ['fæməlɪ] 家庭；家人Saturday [ˈsætədeɪ] 周六marry ['mærɪ] 结婚national [ˈnæʃnəl] 国家的pattern[ˈpætn] 模式Three central vowels:5、[ʌ] 嘴唇微微张开，伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，舌后部稍稍抬起。
z: z oo z ero z igze: zebrase: rose nose cheesezzz, zzz, zzz, I’m a bu s y bee.[ ʃ ] ca sh bu sh sh ake sh oe sh ip[ ʒ ] mea s ure plea s ure lei s ure[ θ ] eigh th for th ten th eleven th nin th[ δ ] th ose th ese th at th is th ere[ r ] r: r ain r adio r oom r ightwr: wr ite[ h ] h：h ello h urry h ey h ighwh: wh o wh om wh ole wh ollyH eavy H enry h ad a h ouse. H appy H arry is a mouse.破擦音练习[ tʃ ] ch air ch icken lun ch ch ange[ dʒ ] j ack j ob j oy j oin j og鼻音练习[ m ] m: m u m m oon m orningmb: cli mb thu mb co mbM other, m other, m other, m ay I go down to the m arket.[ n ] n: moo n n ut n eedle n osekn: kn ow kn ife kn een ose, n ose, n ose, I have a se n sitive n ose.[ ŋ ] i n k li n k ri ng morn ing半元音练习[ w ] w indow w ake w eek[ j ] y ellow y es y ou y ear另外四个辅音[ tr ] tr ain tr y tr uck tr ee[ dr ] dr ess dr ama dr ink[ ts ] studen ts ca ts coa ts[ dz ] be ds co des car ds英语音标总结一、元音部分：1、单元音：长元音：[ɑ:] [ɔ:] [ɜ:] [i:] [u:]短元音：[ʌ] [ɒ] [ə] [ɪ] [ʊ] [e] [æ] 2、双元音：[aɪ] [eɪ] [aʊ] [əʊ] [eə] [ɪə] [ʊə] [ɔɪ]二、辅音部分：[p]、[b]、[t]、[d]、[k]、[g]、[f]、[v]、[s]、[z]、[θ]、[ð]、[ʃ]、[ʒ]、[tʃ]、[dʒ][tr]、[dr]、[ts]、[dz]、[m]、[n]、[ŋ]、[h]、[l]、[r]、[j]、[w]常见字母组合发音ar [ɑ:] farm far farther park[ɔ:] quarter warmay[eɪ] may trayair[eə] chair hair hairdryer pair airportear [ɪə]dear year ear earphone near hear [eə] bear pear[ɜ:] learn earlyere [ɪə] here[eə] where there[ɜ:] wereea [eɪ] great[e] head sweater breakfast ready bread headache heavy[i:]speak peach beach each please read reading-room teacherteach eat seat tea teapot meat ice- cream Easter mean[ɪə] really idea theatreee [i:] see eighteen three green sweet treeHalloween need street sweep weeker [ɜ:] her hers term[ə] brother daughter father mother sister teacher number tiger after floweror [ə] doctor visitor mirror calculator[ɜ:] work worker word world[ɔ:] for forty morning short sport forkhorse New York order more beforeir , ur [ɜ:] bird girl birthday shirt skirt thirdcircle thirsty thirty sir firstturn purse nurse hamburger surf Thursday hurtigh [aɪ]night bright right light fight high height[eɪ] eight weightoo [ʊ] cook foot football classroombedroom bathroom look goodgoodbye book bookcase storybook [u:] food school too zoo cool roombroom noodle tooth toothacheafternoon soon balloon spoonmoon cartoonou [ʌ] country countryside touch young cousin[aʊ]cloudy shout about house housework blouse ground mountain sound trousersmouth mouse around loudly out[əʊ] shoulder[ʊ] should wouldoy [ɔɪ] boy toy joyow [aʊ]how down town brown flower now cow[əʊ]row know yellow bowl window follow Halloween tomorrow showglow grow blow slow lowsnow snowy snowballth [θ]mouth think thin thank theatre bathroom three third thirteen thirtythirsty anything something[ð] brother father mother the this these that those they them theirthen with there thaned [d] listened played answered … （元音、浊辅音结尾）[t] jumped helped liked milked cookedpicked washed watched danced stopped（清）[ɪd] tasted collected visited wanted planted started (t ,d 结尾)ck[k] lock luck clockge[dʒ] large changekn[n] know knife knightmb[m] climb comb thumbse [s] house[z] nose rose cheesewh[h] who whole whollywr[r] write wrong writing只有一种发音的组合：ai, ay [eɪ]如：rain ，playal [ɔ:]all , walk talk half [ɑ:]除外oa [əʊ]coat ,boatch [tʃ]chair , China school [k]除外ck [k]duck , clocksh [ʃ]shirt , shoes 加上sure [ʃ]一般情况开音节发本音如辅＋元＋辅＋e 结构a[eɪ]cake ,face , table ,gra de,… have[æ]除外e[i:]these , he, she, be, we…i[aɪ]mine , ride , time, … give ,live[ɪ]除外u[j u:]cute ,useo[əʊ]nose ,those ,hope ,… whose[u:]除外。
英语国际音标及详细讲解及练习英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）辅音（28个）长元音/i://ɔ://U://ɜ://ɑ:/短元音/ɪ//e//æ//ɒ//ʊ//ə// ʌ/双元音/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//əʊ//aʊ//ɪə//eə//ʊə/爆破音/p//b// t//d/ / k//g/摩擦音/f//v//θ//ð/ /s//z/ /ʃ//ʒ// h/破擦音/ts//dz//tr//dr//tʃ//dʒ/鼻音/m//n/ /ŋ/舌侧音/ ǀ/半元音/ r// j// w/第一章：元音发音时,气流通过口腔或鼻腔不受嘴唇,牙齿和舌头的阻碍,声带震动,发出洪亮的音,这样形成的语音称为元音。
第一组短元音/ɪ//e//æ//ɒ//ʊ//ə// ʌ/1音素[i]词首ink 墨水;油墨ignore 不顾;不理会ill 生病的;不健康的issue 发行;发布invest投资) imply 暗指;暗示词中little 小的sister 姐妹;姐姐;妹妹Live 生命big 大的city 城市rich 有钱的;富有的visit 参观;拜访limit界线;界限minister部长;大臣词尾taxi出租车thirty 三十的;三十个的city城市;都市badly 坏;拙劣地singly 单身地sunny 阳光充足的;和煦的rainy下雨的;多雨的happy 高兴的;乐意的sleepy 想睡的;瞌睡的短语集训give up 放弃stick to 贴在---之上put into practice 实施;实行be interested in 对---感兴趣短句集训We should try to put the principal into practice.我问应该把理论应用于实践。
The little kid will fix his little ship.这个小孩会修他的小船。
超级口腔肌肉集训If I assist a sister-assistant, will the sister's sister-assistant assist me ? 如果我帮助一个女助手，那个姐妹的女助手会帮助我吗？In India, innocent infants are thrown into the river.在印度，无辜的婴儿被抛进大河里。
音标讲解及练习音标是研究英语发音的重要工具，可以帮助研究者正确地发音和理解英语中的声音。
本文将介绍英语音标的基本知识，并提供一些练材料，帮助学生提升发音能力。
一、国际音标的分类国际音标是一种用符号来表示语音音素的系统，包括元音和辅音。
根据发音的部位和方法，国际音标可以分为以下几类：1.元音（Vowels）：嘴唇和舌头的位置决定了元音的发声方式。
英语中的元音包括单元音和双元音。
2.填补音（Fricatives）：气流通过口腔或鼻腔狭窄的通道时，发出摩擦声。
这类音标包括[f。
v。
θ。
ð。
s。
z。
ʃ。
ʒ。
h]。
3.___（s）：气流被完全阻塞，然后突然释放出来。
常见的___有[p。
b。
t。
d。
k。
g]。
4.破擦音（Affricates）：先是一个___，然后紧接着成为一个填补音。
英语中常见的破擦音有[tʃ。
dʒ]。
5.鼻音（Nasals）：气流流经鼻腔。
英语中的鼻音包括[m。
n。
ŋ]。
6.半元音（Semi-vowels）：舌头和嘴唇的位置产生摩擦音。
英语中的半元音有[w。
j]。
二、练下面是一些练帮助你熟悉和掌握英语音标的发音：1.元音练：尝试发出不同的单元音和双元音，同时观察和聆听语音的发声位置和形状。
2.辅音练：从[f。
v。
θ。
ð。
s。
z。
ʃ。
ʒ。
h]中选择一个音标，反复练正确的发音。
3.___练：练[p。
b。
t。
d。
k。
g]的发音，特别注意气流被阻塞和释放的时机。
4.破擦音练：发出[tʃ。
dʒ]的咬舌音和舌尖卷起来的音，注意两个音之间的转换。
5.鼻音练：练[m。
n。
ŋ]的发音，感受气息流经鼻腔的独特感觉。
6.半元音练：练[w。
j]的发音，注意舌头和嘴唇的位置。
通过不断练和模仿，你将能够掌握英语音标的发音，并提高自己的口语能力。
结论本文介绍了国际音标的分类和基本知识，并提供了一些练习材料帮助学生熟悉和掌握英语音标的发音。
通过不断练习和实践，你将能够提高自己的发音能力，并更好地理解和使用英语的声音。
英语语音英语语音，按元素的划分，共有44个因素。
在这44个因素中，有24个辅音（如[ p ]，[ b ]等），12个单元音（如[ e ]，[ ɑ: ]等）和8个双元音（如[ ei ]，[ ɑi ]等），另外还有[ ts ]，[ dz ]，[ tr ]，[ dr ]这四组音，英语共有48个音位，也就是我们常说的48个音标。
按音位又可分为单元音、双元音、清辅音、浊辅音共四类。
但这四类因素按发音特点由各有分类。
这些音标从本课开始逐一介绍。
第一组：单元音（The Pure Vowels）前元音：[ i: ] [ i ] [ e ] [ æ ]中元音：[ ʌ ] [ ə: ] [ ə ]后元音：[ ɑ: ] [ ɔ ] [ ɔ: ] [ u ] [ u: ]音标对应单词对应短语前元音[ i: ]see I see. 我明白[ i ]little a little 一点儿[ e ]bed on the bed 在床上[ æ ]bag my schoolbag 我的书包中元音[ ʌ ]lucky very lucky 很幸运[ ə: ]shirt a new shirt 一件新衬衫[ ə ]ago long time ago 很久以前后元音[ ɑ: ]far far away 很远[ ɔ ] bottle in the bottle 在瓶子里[ ɔ: ] door lock the door 锁上门[ u ] look have a look 看一眼[ u: ] school go to school 去上学单元音练习：[ i: ]ee: j ee p k ee p m ee t sh ee pea: t ea ea t m ea t m ea l s eaI can s ee the s ea, the d ee p, gr ee n s ea.[ i ]i: i n b i g p i g s i stery: bus y ver y storyey: moneyWhy does lily go out with Jim and not him. [ e ]e: l e t p e n y e s y e llowea: r ea dy alr ea dy h ea dMy h e n likes to lay t e n e ggs e veryday. [ æ ]a: c a t b a d d a d s a d gl a d a pple m a n f a mily Apple, apple, apple. An apple is good for anap(打盹儿，小睡).[ ɑ: ]a: f a st l a st p a ss t a skal: p al mar: are c ar f ar p ar k st arau: l au gh au ntear: h ear tNo p ar king here, no p ar king here. Our game of d ar ts is st ar ting.[ ʌ ]o: m ot her c o lor s o nou: en ou gh c ou sinu: c u t n u t b u t j u mpF a ther and s o n have f u n, flaying their kite in the s u n.[ ɔ ]a: w a tch w a sh wh a to: p o t g o t d o g l o ck h o t st o pMy mother likes sh o p, she sh o ps untilst o ps.[ ɔ: ]all: c all t all w allor: or h or se l or door: d oor fl oorour:c our se f ourBasketb all, basketb all. Paul plays basketb all.[ ə ]a: a bout chin a[ b ]b: b ook b ag b ig jo b b ear b ut b rother[ t ]t: t ooth t eacher t ea t able t ask t ell[ d ]d: d og d ig d uck d a d d ouble d ay[ k ]c: c a ke c at c up c apk: k eep ki te[ g ]g: g randpa g irl g reen g ood g od舌侧音练习[ l ]l: l ook l eg l ake l ike l atell: ba ll ba ll oon do ll ar摩擦音练习[ f ] f ather f at f oot f ull f it[ v ] fi ve v ery v ent dri ve v ary[ s ] s mall st udy bu s ye s mu s t[ z ]z: z oo z ero z igze: zebrase: rose nose cheesezzz, zzz, zzz, I’m a bu s y bee.[ ʃ ] ca sh bu sh sh ake sh oe sh ip[ ʒ ] mea s ure plea s ure lei s ure[ θ ] eigh th for th ten th eleven th nin th[ δ ] th ose th ese th at th is th ere[ r ] r: r ain r adio r oom r ightwr: wr ite[ h ] h：h ello h urry h ey h ighwh: wh o wh om wh ole wh ollyH eavy H enry h ad a h ouse. H appy H arry is a mouse.破擦音练习[ tʃ ] ch air ch icken lun ch ch ange[ dʒ ] j ack j ob j oy j oin j og鼻音练习[ m ] m: m u m m oon m orningmb: cli mb thu mb co mbM other, m other, m other, m ay I go down to the m arket.[ n ] n: moo n n ut n eedle n osekn: kn ow kn ife kn een ose, n ose, n ose, I have a se n sitive n ose.[ ŋ ] i n k li n k ri ng morn ing半元音练习[ w ] w indow w ake w eek[ j ] y ellow y es y ou y ear另外四个辅音[ tr ] tr ain tr y tr uck tr ee[ dr ] dr ess dr ama dr ink[ ts ] studen ts ca ts coa ts[ dz ] be ds co des car ds英语音标总结一、元音部分：1、单元音：长元音：[ɑ:] [ɔ:] [ɜ:] [i:] [u:]短元音：[ʌ] [ɒ] [ə] [ɪ] [ʊ] [e] [æ] 2、双元音：[aɪ] [eɪ] [aʊ] [əʊ] [eə] [ɪə] [ʊə] [ɔɪ]二、辅音部分：[p]、[b]、[t]、[d]、[k]、[g]、[f]、[v]、[s]、[z]、[θ]、[ð]、[ʃ]、[ʒ]、[tʃ]、[dʒ][tr]、[dr]、[ts]、[dz]、[m]、[n]、[ŋ]、[h]、[l]、[r]、[j]、[w]常见字母组合发音ar [ɑ:] farm far farther park[ɔ:] quarter warmay[eɪ] may trayair[eə] chair hair hairdryer pair airportear [ɪə]dear year ear earphone near hear [eə] bear pear[ɜ:] learn earlyere [ɪə] here[eə] where there[ɜ:] wereea [eɪ] great[e] head sweater breakfast ready bread headache heavy[i:]speak peach beach each please read reading-room teacherteach eat seat tea teapot meat ice- cream Easter mean[ɪə] really idea theatreee [i:] see eighteen three green sweet tree Halloween need street sweep weeker [ɜ:] her hers term[ə] brother daughter father mother sister teacher number tiger after floweror [ə] doctor visitor mirror calculator[ɜ:] work worker word world[ɔ:] for forty morning short sport forkhorse New York order more beforeir , ur [ɜ:] bird girl birthday shirt skirt thirdcircle thirsty thirty sir firstturn purse nurse hamburger surf Thursday hurtigh [aɪ]night bright right light fight high height[eɪ] eight weightoo [ʊ] cook foot football classroombedroom bathroom look goodgoodbye book bookcase storybook [u:] food school too zoo cool roombroom noodle tooth toothacheafternoon soon balloon spoonmoon cartoonou [ʌ] country countryside touch young cousin[aʊ]cloudy shout about house housework blouse ground mountain sound trousersmouth mouse around loudly out[əʊ] shoulder[ʊ] should wouldoy [ɔɪ] boy toy joyow [aʊ]how down town brown flower now cow[əʊ]row know yellow bowl window follow Halloween tomorrow showglow grow blow slow lowsnow snowy snowballth [θ]mouth think thin thank theatre bathroom three third thirteen thirtythirsty anything something[ð] brother father mother the this these that those they them theirthen with there thaned [d] listened played answered … （元音、浊辅音结尾）[t] jumped helped liked milked cookedpicked washed watched danced stopped（清）[ɪd] tasted collected visited wanted planted started (t ,d 结尾)ck[k] lock luck clockge[dʒ] large changekn[n] know knife knightmb[m] climb comb thumbse [s] house[z] nose rose cheesewh[h] who whole whollywr[r] write wrong writing只有一种发音的组合：ai, ay [eɪ]如：rain ，playal [ɔ:]all , walk talk half [ɑ:]除外oa [əʊ]coat ,boatch [tʃ]chair , China school [k]除外ck [k]duck , clocksh [ʃ]shirt , shoes 加上sure [ʃ]一般情况开音节发本音如辅＋元＋辅＋e 结构a[eɪ]cake ,face , table ,gra de,… have[æ]除外e[i:]these , he, she, be, we…i[aɪ]mine , ride , time, … give ,live[ɪ]除外u[j u:]cute ,useo[əʊ]nose ,those ,hope ,… whose[u:]除外。
英语语音-国际音标讲解及练习英语语音英语语音，按元素的划分，共有44个因素。
在这44个因素中，有24个辅音(如[ p ]，[ b ]等)，12个单元音(如 [ e ]，[ ɑ: ]等)和8个双元音(如[ ei ]，[ ɑi ]等)，另外还有[ ts ]，[ dz ]，[ tr ]，[ dr ]这四组音，英语共有48个音位，也就是我们常说的48个音标。
按音位又可分为单元音、双元音、清辅音、浊辅音共四类。
但这四类因素按发音特点由各有分类。
这些音标从本课开始逐一介绍。
第一组:单元音(The Pure Vowels)前元音:[ i: ] [ i ] [ e ] [ æ ]中元音:[ ? ] [ ?: ] [ ? ]后元音:[ ɑ: ] [ ? ] [ ?: ] [ u ] [ u: ]音标对应单词对应短语前元音 I see. 我明白 [ i: ] seea little 一点儿 [ i ] littleon the bed 在床上 [ e ] bedmy schoolbag 我的书包[ æ ] bag中元音 [ ? ] very lucky 很幸运 luckya new shirt 一件新衬衫 [ ?: ] shirtlong time ago 很久以前 [ ? ] ago后元音 [ ɑ: ] far away 很远 far[ ? ] in the bottle 在瓶子里 bottle[ ?: ] lock the door 锁上门 doorhave a look 看一眼 [ u ] lookgo to school 去上学 [ u: ] school单元音练习:[ i: ]ee: jeep keep meet sheepea: tea eat meat meal seaI can see the sea, the deep, green sea.[ i ]i: in big pig sistery: busy very storyey: moneyWhy does lily go out with Jim and not him.1[ e ]e: let pen yes yellowea: ready already headMy hen likes to lay ten egg s everyday. [ æ ]a: cat bad dad sad glad apple man family Apple, apple, apple. An apple is good for a nap(打盹儿，小睡).[ ɑ: ]a: fast last pass taskal: palmar: are car far park starau: laugh auntear: heartNo parking here, no parking here. Our game of darts is starting. [ ? ]o: mother color sonou: enough cousinu: cut nut but jumpFather and son have fun, flaying their kite in the sun. [ ? ] a: watch wash whato: pot got dog lock hot stopMy mother likes shop, she shops until stops. [ ?: ]all: call tall wallor: or horse lordoor: door floorour: course fourBasketball, basketball. Paul plays basketball. [ ? ]a: about chinaar: dollar forwarder: mother farmeror: doctor actorMy mother and my sister like the new shopping center.[ ?: ]ear: earth learnor: work worth2ir: bird skirtur: curtain further fur[ u ]oo: good book cooku: full pull put pushou: should couldCook, cook. Where is the cook book? Please take a look. [ u: ]o: who dooe: shoeoo: cool food zoo toolou: soup groupue: true blueui: fruit juiceCool, cool, cool. You look so cool.第二组:双元音(The Diphthongs)合口双元音:[ ei ] [ ?u ] [ ɑi ] [ ɑu ] [ ?i ]集中双元音:[ i? ] [ e? ] [ u? ]音标对应单词对应短语合口双My name is...我的名字是…… [ ei ] name元音 very slow 很低 [ ?u ] slow[ ɑi ] I like it. 我喜欢它。
英语国际音标名称 音标元音单元音 [i :] [i ] [ɔ:] [ɔ] [u :] [u ] [ǝ:] [ǝ] [ɑ:] [ʌ] [e ] [æ] 双元音 [ei ] [ai ] [ǝu ] [au ] [i ǝ] [Ɛǝ] [ɔi ] [u ǝ] 辅音清辅音 [p ] [t ] [k ] [f ] [s ] [ʃ] [Ɵ] [tr ] [ʧ] [ʦ] 浊辅音 [b ] [d ] [g ] [v ] [z ] [Ʒ] [ð] [dr ] [ʤ] [ʣ] 鼻音 [m ] [n ] [ŋ] 摩擦音 [h ] [r ] [j ] [w ] 舌侧音 [l ] 辅音（28个） 清辅音/p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/map foot book five both nicepen tea pack knife thing same 浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/bag do go five father zoolab food bag very this rose 清辅音/ʃ/ / h/ /ts/ /t ʃ/ /tr/fish home shirts watch treeshe how sports child train 长元音/ɑ:/ /ɔ:/ / ɜ:/ /i:/ /u:/car four shirt see two 短元音/ ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/bus not teacher big put let bag/e ɪ/ /a ɪ/ /ɔɪ/day bike boy 双元音/ɪə/ /e ə/ /ʊə/ /əʊ/ /a ʊ/dear chair poor no how浊辅音/ʒ// r/ /dz/ /dʒ//dr/usually red goods jeep drinkpleasure three birds age drive鼻音/m//n/ /ŋ/room man singmay name thank半元音/ j// w/yes, yellow way, what边音/ ǀ/like, old拼读练习/fɑ:m/ /pɑ:k/ /lɑ:st/ /’kɑ:tə/ /’fɑ:stə/ /fɔ:/ /’nɔ:tɪ //’pɑ:kə/ /’fɔ:tɪ/ /’nɔ:ðən / /bɜ:d/ /wɜ:ld/ /bɜ:θdɪ/ /’wɜ:θɪ/ /’bɪtə/ /p eə / /pæθ/ /pə’tɪkjʊlə / /neɪm/ /’sætədɪ//gɜ:l/ /’letə/ /’trædʒdɪ //’lʌvlɪ/ /ɪntə’restɪŋ / /’dɑ:n sə/ /gr eɪt/ /’wʌn dəfəl//’dri:mə//ə’tʃi:vmənt/ /’treʒə/ /ə’n aʊnsmənt//fɪʃ/ /ʃeɪk/ / tʃaɪld / /tri:t/ /traɪ/ /’pækɪdʒ /⑴前元音：[i:] [i] [e] [æ]前元音发音要领：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，双唇不要收圆。
z: z oo z ero z igze: zebrase: rose nose cheesezzz, zzz, zzz, I’m a bu s y bee.[ ʃ ] ca sh bu sh sh ake sh oe sh ip[ ʒ ] mea s ure plea s ure lei s ure[ θ ] eigh th for th ten th eleven th nin th[ δ ] th ose th ese th at th is th ere[ r ] r: r ain r adio r oom r ightwr: wr ite[ h ] h：h ello h urry h ey h ighwh: wh o wh om wh ole wh ollyH eavy H enry h ad a h ouse. H appy H arry is a mouse.破擦音练习[ tʃ ] ch air ch icken lun ch ch ange[ dʒ ] j ack j ob j oy j oin j og鼻音练习[ m ] m: m u m m oon m orningmb: cli mb thu mb co mbM other, m other, m other, m ay I go down to the m arket.[ n ] n: moo n n ut n eedle n osekn: kn ow kn ife kn een ose, n ose, n ose, I have a se n sitive n ose.[ ŋ ] i n k li n k ri ng morn ing半元音练习[ w ] w indow w ake w eek[ j ] y ellow y es y ou y ear另外四个辅音[ tr ] tr ain tr y tr uck tr ee[ dr ] dr ess dr ama dr ink[ ts ] studen ts ca ts coa ts[ dz ] be ds co des car ds英语音标总结一、元音部分：1、单元音：长元音：[ɑ:] [ɔ:] [ɜ:] [i:] [u:]短元音：[ʌ] [ɒ] [ə] [ɪ] [ʊ] [e] [æ] 2、双元音：[aɪ] [eɪ] [aʊ] [əʊ] [eə] [ɪə] [ʊə] [ɔɪ]二、辅音部分：[p]、[b]、[t]、[d]、[k]、[g]、[f]、[v]、[s]、[z]、[θ]、[ð]、[ʃ]、[ʒ]、[tʃ]、[dʒ][tr]、[dr]、[ts]、[dz]、[m]、[n]、[ŋ]、[h]、[l]、[r]、[j]、[w]常见字母组合发音ar [ɑ:] farm far farther park[ɔ:] quarter warmay[eɪ] may trayair[eə] chair hair hairdryer pair airportear [ɪə]dear year ear earphone near hear [eə] bear pear[ɜ:] learn earlyere [ɪə] here[eə] where there[ɜ:] wereea [eɪ] great[e] head sweater breakfast ready bread headache heavy[i:]speak peach beach each please read reading-room teacherteach eat seat tea teapot meat ice- cream Easter mean[ɪə] really idea theatreee [i:] see eighteen three green sweet treeHalloween need street sweep weeker [ɜ:] her hers term[ə] brother daughter father mother sister teacher number tiger after floweror [ə] doctor visitor mirror calculator[ɜ:] work worker word world[ɔ:] for forty morning short sport forkhorse New York order more beforeir , ur [ɜ:] bird girl birthday shirt skirt thirdcircle thirsty thirty sir firstturn purse nurse hamburger surf Thursday hurtigh [aɪ]night bright right light fight high height[eɪ] eight weightoo [ʊ] cook foot football classroombedroom bathroom look goodgoodbye book bookcase storybook [u:] food school too zoo cool roombroom noodle tooth toothacheafternoon soon balloon spoonmoon cartoonou [ʌ] country countryside touch young cousin[aʊ]cloudy shout about house housework blouse ground mountain sound trousersmouth mouse around loudly out[əʊ] shoulder[ʊ] should wouldoy [ɔɪ] boy toy joyow [aʊ]how down town brown flower now cow[əʊ]row know yellow bowl window follow Halloween tomorrow showglow grow blow slow lowsnow snowy snowballth [θ]mouth think thin thank theatre bathroom three third thirteen thirtythirsty anything something[ð] brother father mother the this these that those they them theirthen with there thaned [d] listened played answered … （元音、浊辅音结尾）[t] jumped helped liked milked cookedpicked washed watched danced stopped（清）[ɪd] tasted collected visited wanted planted started (t ,d 结尾)ck[k] lock luck clockge[dʒ] large changekn[n] know knife knightmb[m] climb comb thumbse [s] house[z] nose rose cheesewh[h] who whole whollywr[r] write wrong writing只有一种发音的组合：ai, ay [eɪ]如：rain ，playal [ɔ:]all , walk talk half [ɑ:]除外oa [əʊ]coat ,boatch [tʃ]chair , China school [k]除外ck [k]duck , clocksh [ʃ]shirt , shoes 加上sure [ʃ]一般情况开音节发本音如辅＋元＋辅＋e 结构a[eɪ]cake ,face , table ,gra de,… have[æ]除外e[i:]these , he, she, be, we…i[aɪ]mine , ride , time, … give ,live[ɪ]除外u[j u:]cute ,useo[əʊ]nose ,those ,hope ,… whose[u:]除外。
英语国际音标的讲解及练习⑴前元音：[i:] [i] [e] [æ]前元音发音要领：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，双唇不要收圆。
[i:] ①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起。
②嘴唇向两旁伸开，成扁平形。
注意：[i:]是长元音，发长元音时要比发短元音长两倍以上。
She tea easy teach sleep agree three weeks, green tea, team leadersSeeing is believing. Jean is as busy as a bee.[i]①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，比[i:]低,比[e]高。
②唇形扁平，牙床开得比[i:]宽，比[e]窄。
③可从发[i:]出发，将小指尖放在上下齿之间，舌前部也随之稍稍下降，即可发出[i]。
It this pig city coffee begin a big ship, bit by bit, little by litteA little learning is a dangerous thing.His six-year old sister is as fit as a fiddle.[e]①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，比[i:]低。
②唇形中常，牙床开得比[i:]宽，上下齿间可容纳一个食指。
Egg else dress best again energy seven beds, ten desks, the next lessenLet’s get ready for the test.All’s well that ends well.[æ]①舌尖抵下齿。
②双唇向两旁平伸，成扁平形，两齿间可以容纳食指和中指。
And as bag lamp catch happen a happy man, a happy family, hand in hand, caps and cats Harry has a happy family in Canada. The rat is running on a narrow track.（2）中元音：[ʌ] [ǝ:] [ǝ]中元音发音要领：舌尖抵住下齿，但不如发前元音时抵得那样紧。
舌身的中部隆起，扁唇（双唇不要收圆）。
[ǝ:]①舌身平放，舌中部稍抬起。
②牙床开得较窗窄，双唇和发[i:]时相似。
③注意长度，不要发得太短。
Her girl first turn work prefer a dirty shirt, the third world, the worst personThe German girl prefers a purple shirt to a blue one.The early bird catches the worm.[ǝ] ①舌中部抬起。
②牙床半开半合，唇形扁或中常。
③这个音和汉语普通话轻声的“么（me）”及“了(le)”中的短促元音“e”相似，但英语的[ǝ]在词末时发音比普通话的“e”长。
About polite forget river woman potato bread and butter, salt and pepper, again and again The teachers will get together tomorrow.Do you prefer the cinema or theatre?[ʌ]①舌中部稍抬起。
②开口程度和[æ]相似，唇形扁。
③从元音[ɔ]出发，将圆唇改为扁唇，即可发出[ʌ]。
Up under cut does young enough much money, lucky in love, just for funWell begun is half done. Mother told the funny story just for fun.（3）后元音：[ɑ:] [ɔ] [ɔ:] [u] [u:]后元音发音要领：①舌尖不触下齿，舌身后缩，舌后部向软颚抬起，除[ɑ:]外，双唇要收圆。
②发[ɑ:][ɔ:][u:]时要注意长度，不要发得太短。
[ɑ:] 舌尖不触下齿，口张大，舌身平放后缩。
Art army star father garden tomato a large car, half a jar, after the bathI like to pass through the garden park. Far from eye, far from heart.[ɔ] ①舌尖不触下齿，口张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩。
②双唇稍稍收圆。
③可先发[ɑ:]，然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩，双唇稍稍收圆（不要突出）即可发出[ɔ]。
On off hot want doctor foreign cotton socks, borrow a clock, a pocket watchThe coffee is top quality.When the shop was robbed, everybody was shocked.[ɔ:] ①舌后部比发[ɔ]时抬得略高。
②双唇也收得更圆更小，并须用力向前突出。
Always or law before caused daughter all in all, more and more, a short storyPaul’s four and can walk and talk.The storm draws near---we ought to go indoors.[u] ①舌尖不触下齿, 舌后部向软颚抬起,舌身后缩。
②双唇收圆，稍向前突出。
Full look wood foot woman sugar push and pull, good books, by hook or by crookThe cook cooks good food.The woman stood for as long as she could.[u:] 双唇比发[u]时收得更圆更小，向前突出，舌后部比发[u]时抬得更高。
To who lose group music fruit a blue balloon, an afternoon in June, huge roomsThe news is too good to be true.That rule is useful once in a blue moon.（4）合口双元音：[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [ǝu] [au]双元音发音要领：①由两个元音组成，发音时由第一个向第二个元音的部位滑动，但不完全到达第二个元音的部位。
发音过程中唇形、舌位及牙床开合程度均有相应的变化。
②前重后轻，第一个元音响亮清晰。
第二个元音轻弱模糊。
③前长后短，第一个元音较长。
第二个元音较短促。
[ei] ①由[e]向[i]滑动,但不到[i]的部位就停止发音。
②发音过程中下颚和下唇向上移动，舌位也随之抬高。
Age play rain take labour today May Day, great change, the name of the gameNo pains, no gains. Great changes have taken place in only one day.[ai] ①[a]是个前元音(不是后元音[ɑ:])，和汉语普通话“a”音相似，发音时舌尖抵住下齿，舌位很低，舌前隆起。
用扁唇或中常唇形，牙床开合度宽。
②从[a]向[i]滑动，不到[i]的部位就停止发音。
Eye why night bike July a nice sight, quite right, high in the skyTime and tide wait for no man. A stitch in time saves nine.[ɔi]①开始部分舌位在[ɔ]和[ɔ:]之间。
②由上述部位向[i]滑动，由圆唇变成扁唇，舌前部随之稍稍抬起。
Oil boil toy coin choice destroy make an appointment, toilet paper, a noisy boyShe made her point in a joyful voice.The boy was annoyed when his toy was destroyed.[ǝu]由[ǝ]向[u]滑动, 双唇由扁到略为收圆，但不到[u]的部位就停止发音。
No slow toes road both overcoat I don’t know. Close the window. It’s so cold.The old man lives alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely.A rolling stone gathers no moss.[au] ①开始部分和[ai]中的[a]相同，①由[a]向[u]滑动时把双唇逐渐收圆，舌后部随之稍稍抬起。
②防止一开始就把双唇收圆，把[au]变成[ɔu]。
Bow mouse shout county around out of town, a brown cow, a thousand housesHow about going down south? She found out how to pronounce the sound. （5）集中双元音：[iǝ] [Ɛǝ] [uǝ]双元音发音要领：①由两个元音组成，发音时由第一个向第二个元音的部位滑动，但不完全到达第二个元音的部位。
发音过程中唇形、舌位及牙床开合程度均有相应的变化。
②前重后轻，第一个元音响亮清晰。
第二个元音轻弱模糊。
③前长后短，第一个元音较长。
第二个元音较短促。
[iǝ]①发[i]时注意用扁唇，嘴不要张得太开，以免发成[e]或[æ]。
②舌身稍向后缩，从[i]很快滑向[ǝ]。
Ear here real fierce nearly idea cheerful tears, from ear to ear, mysterious ideasI fear we can’t hear him clearly.You are serious but sincere, my dear.[Ɛǝ] ①[Ɛ]是个前元音，发音时舌尖触下齿，舌位半开，舌前隆起。
牙床较宽，在[e]与[æ]之间。
②舌身稍向后缩，由从[Ɛ]很快滑向[ǝ]Air care therefore various repair prepare wear and tear, share a pear, a careless bearWhere there’s a will, there’s a way.He rarely stares at the mayor, because he’s scared.[uǝ] ①[u]不要发成[u:]。
