专题四 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(全国卷)

第11讲动词的时态、语态和主谓一致（模拟精练+真题演练）一、单项选择1．（2023·四川广元·统考一模）About three fifths of the students in Chengdu ________ to school by bus.A．goes B．go C．is going D．went2．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州外国语学校校考三模）—In the city, the old ________.—Yes, that is a wonderful program.A．care for B．is looked after well C．are taken good care of3．（2023·吉林长春·统考一模）There ________ many visitors at the party. They are having great fun.A．is B．are C．was D．were4．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考二模）The number of the whales ________ smaller and smaller because of human activities now.A．are B．was C．is5．（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）Lots of trees and flowers ________ in China every year, so our country is getting more and more beautiful now.A．is planted B．are planted C．were planted6．（2023·吉林长春·吉林省第二实验学校校考一模）There ________ a lot of litter in the neighborhood in the past, but now it gets clean and tidy.A．is B．are C．was D．were7．（2023·吉林长春·统考二模）Last week I went to “the Hill” shopping mall. There _________ too many people in it.A．is B．are C．was D．were8．（2023·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·统考一模）—Why does Henry look so unpleasant?—He ________ for the whole day. He must be tired very much now.A．worked B．works C．have worked D．has worked9．（2023·甘肃定西·校考三模）—Alice, I rang you up last night but nobody answered.—Oh, I together with my parents ________ walks in the park then.A．have taken B．was taking C．were taking D．has taken10．（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考一模）The number of people using robots ________ a lot over the past few years and high technology is coming into our life.A．has increased B．increasesC．have increased D．increase11．（2023·江苏南京·南师附中树人学校校考三模）________ the great ancient books ________ the writers’ experience are shared with the TV viewers on an educational TV show--China in the Classics.A．Neither; nor B．Either; or C．Both; and D．Not only; but also 12．（2023·云南昆明·云南省昆明市第五中学校考一模）—What about going to the music festival with us tomorrow?—I suppose so. There ________ no better choice.A．have B．has C．are D．is13．（2023·山东东营·东营市胜利第一初级中学校考三模）My sister with my parents ________ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.A．are making B．is making C．was making D．were making14．（2023·广西来宾·校考一模）Either Divid or I ________ going to take part in the writing competition.A．am B．is C．are15．There ________ still some milk and cakes in the fridge. We don’t have to go to the supermarket today.A．have B．has C．is D．are16．（2023·新疆和田·统考二模）There __________ an English speech competition in our school next Monday.A．have B．will have C．be D．will be17．（2023·四川乐山·统考二模）Neither Mary nor her sister ________ to go out at night.A．allows B．is allowed C．are allowed18．（2023·四川乐山·统考二模）There ________ a football match next Saturday in our school.A．will be B．was C．will have19．（2023·四川凉山·校考模拟预测）—The number of tourists ________ over 33 million this year.—Yes. A large number of tourists so far because of the new look of our city.A．is; come B．is; have come C．are; have come20．（2023·辽宁营口·统考二模）A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow.A．is B．are C．was D．were21．（2023·江苏淮安·校联考二模）—Did you have a good time at the party last night?—Yes, but the number of the students ________ less than 20, so we went home early.A．was B．were C．is D．are22．（2023·江苏淮安·统考一模）You can see 70% of the class ________ most of the work. The rest of the work ________ really hard.A．are doing; is B．are doing; are C．is doing; are D．is doing; is23．（2023·上海奉贤·统考二模）John, as well as his parents, ________ proud to support his community during last year’s pandemic.A．is B．are C．was D．were24．（2023·湖南郴州·统考一模）—Hurry up, Jason! We’re going to the cinema, but the clothes still need washing. —Don’t worry. I think thirty minutes ________ enough.A．is B．are C．were25．（2023·广西河池·统考一模）Both Peter and I ________ crazy about the exciting film.A．am B．is C．are26．（2023·辽宁大连·统考一模）There ________ some juice and several apples in the fridge now.A．is B．are C．was D．were27．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考二模）Ten days ago, all the old houses ________.A．was pulled down B．were pulled downC．are pulled down D．is pulled down28．（2022·江苏宿迁·统考三模）—I think there ________ more and more people following Liu Genghong to exercise online.—I agree. Let’s start from now.A．is B．will be C．has D．will have29．（2021·黑龙江双鸭山·统考一模）This pair of gloves ________ wool and ________ hand.A．are made from; they’re made byB．is made of; they’re made byC．is made of; it’s made with30．（2021·黑龙江双鸭山·统考一模）We each ________ strong points and each of us on the other hand ________ weak points.A．have; have B．has; have C．have; has31．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考一模）—How time flies! Four years ________ since we started to study here.—So it is. I miss you so much.A．has passed B．has been passed C．have been past32．（2023·辽宁大连·统考一模）Jim ________ a lot about Chinese eating habits since he came here.A．learns B．learned C．will learn D．has learned33．（2023·江苏南京·校联考一模）The famous magician, as well as his assistants, ________ to perform at the Spring Festival Gala in 2023.A．was invited B．were invited C．has been invited D．have been invited 34．（2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·统考一模）My shoes are brown. This new pair of blue shoes ________ my sister’s.A．is B．are C．was D．were35．（2023·江苏淮安·统考一模）A number of students in our class ________ gone to hospital because of the high fever, and the number of them ________ ten.A．have; are B．has; is C．has; are D．have; is36．（2023·上海奉贤·统考一模）Have you heard of the terrible news? Large amounts of our personal information ________ on the Internet last night.A．have been sold B．was soldC．has been sold D．were sold37．（2023·湖北襄阳·统考一模）—The students ________ for the coming exam.—No wonder the playground is empty and the classroom is so noisy at the moment.A．were preparing B．was preparing C．are preparing D．is preparing38．（2022·江苏淮安·统考二模）Not only Ben but also Bob ________ busy with their computer games all the time. They always say these games can help them learn much knowledge.A．are B．is C．am D．were39．（2020上·四川遂宁·九年级校考期中）—What ________ the number of the students in your school?—About three thousand. A number of them ________ from the countryside.A．is; are B．is; is C．are; is D．are; are40．（2022·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·校考三模）—The number of the volunteers ________ reached 3 million.—Yeah, a number of them ________ college students and party members.A．is; are B．have; is C．has; are二、语法选择（2023·广东河源·统考二模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳的答案，并将答题卡对应题目所选的选项涂黑。

三、动词的时态及语态I 时态时态考查项目1 过去完成时2 现在完成进行时3 将来完成时4 一般现在时(用于表示客观事实/科学真理)答题依据: 句中时间状语主从句谓语动词的先后关系语境时态的呼应(the sequence of tenses)时态呼应是指从句中谓语动词的时态因受主句中谓语动词时态的影响而须采用一定的时态，从而达到两者在逻辑关系上的一致。

（一）主句谓语动词的时态为现在时或将来时，从句谓语动词根据实际情况可用各种时态She says she is a college student.she was a college student.she will be a college student.Has he told you when he is to leave for Beijing?Will you tell me when you finished the work?（二）主句谓语动词用过去时态1 若从句谓语动词的动作与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生，从句用一般过去时或过去进行时She told me she was a teacher.He said he was studying English.2 若从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，从句用过去完成时或过去完成进行时She explained to me that she had made the mistake chieflyout of carelessness.Betty said that she had been waiting for my call.3 若从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之后，从句用过去将来时、过去将来进行时或过去将来完成时。

He said that he would come back the next day.She said that she would be setting off on the 10 o’clock train.He told them that he would have finished by six o’clock.4 若从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，但从句中有表示某一具体时间的状语，从句用一般过去时。

（4）语法填空—【新课标全国卷】2022届高考英语二轮复习技能强化练1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In recent years, the combination of pets and catering has become incredibly popular in many cities. While many cafés ①_____ (start) out only offering the company of cats and dogs, they are expanding their ranges. Some cafés include animals like squirrels (松鼠) and even capybaras (水脉).In ②_____ (review), Internet users have commented that one reason for visiting these places is to interact ③_____ (close) with some animals."The customers love animals. They are curious about these pets and want to raise one at home, ④_____ they can't," said pet cafe owner Tian Xuhui.Liu Wan, a Beijing resident, loves pigs, but her parents would not approve of her ⑤_____ (get) one as a pet. She had to admire the animals through videos and images. But now, she can have close contact with a pig every weekend.Also, these pet cafés serve as a heaven for those ⑥_____ find comfort in being around animals. "Here, you can get close to the cute little ⑦_____ in a very comfortable way without having to worry about safety and hygiene (卫生)----overall, it is an extremely ⑧_____ (comfort) experience," said Xiao Ou, a pet café visitor.Animal lovers also expect the pet cafés to change people's attitudes toward animals. Animals, like ducks and sheep, ⑨_____ (serve) to people as food for many years. People hardly see them as pets. But the pet cafés help shift their attitude from seeing animals as playthings to regarding them as family members or close friends."Whether at home or in stores, these little animals are there for companionship and they bring ⑩_____ (warm) to our hearts," Xiao said.2. Birds of San Francisco started singing differently in the quiet of the coronavirus lockdown, said a study in Science. Before, urban white-crowned sparrow's breeding territories were almost three ①__________(time) as loud as rural territories, the study found.But during the pandemic, researchers noted that noise levels in urban areas were drastically ②__________ (low). In fact, they were consistent ③__________ traffic flow in the mid-1950s."In other words, the COVID-19 shutdown created ④__________ silent spring across the SF Bay Area," researchers noted.By ⑤__________ (analyze) traffic flow data from the Golden Gate Bridge, researchers found that vehicle crossings from April to May 2020 returned to levels not ⑥__________ (see) since 1954. While noise recordings were not available from the 1950s, researchers said this indicated that a brief but ⑦__________ (drama) change in human behavior effectively erased more than a half-century of urban noise pollution.Birds ⑧__________ (respond ) by producing higher performance songs at lower amplitude (振幅), maximizing communication distance and salience (显著)."We found that birds sang more ⑨__________ (soft) when noise levels were lower," researchers said in the study.However, communication distance nearly doubled, raising species fitness and increasing mating potential."In addition, the signal-to-noise ratio (比率) doubled, ⑩__________ helps explain media reports suggesting that songs of birds sounded louder during the shut down," the researchers said.3.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

高考语法复习4动词时态和语态【走进高考】1.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ what he was saying.A. set asideB. take backC. make outD. keep off【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。

句意：凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。

set aside“存储，留出”；tak e back“收回，拿回”；make out“辨认出，理解，了解”；keep off“（使）避开”。

故选C。

2.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________ in love with the people and culture there.A. would fallB. had fallenC. has fallenD. fell【答案D【解析】考查动词的时态。

句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。

发生在had arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。

故选D。

3.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winer Olympics.A. will installB. will have been installedC. are installedD. have been installed【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。

句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。

历年(2020-2024)全国高考英语真题分类(动词的时态、语态和主谓一致)汇编2024年1.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through ajourney influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for____61____ first time.2.【2024全国甲卷】They ____44____（be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.3.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns.4.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion,___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.5.【2024北京卷】On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man.6.【2024北京卷】My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, helooked at me and said, “Thanks!”7，【2024浙江1月卷】However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even moreif they could sometimes ____41____ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat themevery day.8. 【2024浙江1月卷】If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the lasttwo years, some supermarkets ____42____ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ____43____ (design) with twohalves containing separate portions (份).2023年1.【2023年全国乙卷】____46____ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I ____47____ (amaze) by theco-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantlygrowing. ...The ____49____ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the pastwhile stepping into the modern world, _____50_____ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and Icould be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.2.【2023年全国乙卷】The color she choose came in a box which had a picture of a woman that hair color lookedjust perfect.3.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】As a little girl, I ___45___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.6.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】As a little girl, I ___45___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.7.【2023年全国甲卷】Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still____50____ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.8.【2023年全国甲卷】I used to afraid of insects, but last Friday’ s biology class make a big change in me....9.【2023年全国甲卷】In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become more meaningful to me.10.【2023年浙江1月卷】Citizens of higher social classes 59 (permit)to live closer to the center of thecircles.11.【2023年浙江1月卷】The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 60 (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子).12.【2023年北京卷】For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China____16____(establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.2022年1.【2022新高考I卷】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)previously unprotected....After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP __________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.2.【2022全国甲卷】In the last five years, Cao ___________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents的3.【2022全国乙卷】The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___________ (address) the opening ceremony.4.【2022年浙江卷1月】Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ________（view）as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.5.【2022年浙江卷1月】But Cobb and others ________ （be）now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ________（change）their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. ...On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics —many of them climate scientists __________ （promise）to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.8.【2022年新高考2卷】Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.9.【2022年北京卷】Eventually, the man ____13____ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!10.【2022年北京卷】This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally ____16____ (have) no recognisable smell.11.【2022年北京卷】The use of those plastics ____20____ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.12.【2022年天津卷第二次】Food and medical supplies________ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday.A. distributeB. distributedC. are distributedD. were distributed13. 【2022年天津卷第二次】Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions.A. prepareB. preparesC. is preparingD. are preparing14. 【2022年天津卷第二次】The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out theschool________ the party.A. cancelsB. will cancelC. has cancelledD. had cancelled2021年1.【2021.6新高考1卷】What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 6 (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.2.【2021.6 浙江卷】After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 10 (sell) most of their furniture.3.【2021.6全国甲卷】It 1 (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）.4.【2021.6全国甲卷】We 6 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.5.【2021.6 浙江卷】It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Pohomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 1 (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the publie.6.【2021.6 浙江卷】Mary's niece wrote, pretty, "The little home 5 (paint) white.7.【2021.1 浙江卷】It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 4 (consider) healthy.8.【2021.1 浙江卷】In cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.9.【2021.6全国甲卷改错】One of the questions are: Who will you go in times of trouble?10.【2021.6全国乙卷改错】That's our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!11.【2021.6全国乙卷改错】I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.3．【2021年天津卷第一次】We ________ quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break.A．have done B．will do C．had done D．were doing12．【2021年天津卷第一次】Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.A．were displaying B．are displayingC．were being displayed D．are being displayed4. 【2021年天津卷第二次】Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by a dozen computer companies.A. has offeredB. has been offeredC. had offeredD. had been offered10. 【2021年天津卷第二次】Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first.A. deliveredB. will be deliveringC. was deliveringD. has been delivering2020年1.【2020年新课标Ⅰ】China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61. (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin....＂This really excites scientists,＂Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67. (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68. (construct)＂2.【2020年新课标Ⅱ】This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62. (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 63. (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings....The plum trees are 70. first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.3.【2020年新课标Ⅱ】Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice.4.【2020年新课标Ⅲ】The artist was sure he would63. (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.... 65. he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, theysmiled and 66. (point) down the river.5. 【2020全国Ⅲ卷】My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples.6.【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38. (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39. opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public 40. (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection 41. (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.7.【2020年浙江卷1月】Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950___56___(be)30-today it is 41 and is expected___57___(increase)to 42 by 2050. ...People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should___64___(place)on longevity(长寿).8.【2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷(海南卷)】Because the number of possible topics____43____（be）practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers____44____（encourage）to continue exploring the digital world with the guidanceof_____45_____（we）Further Resources section featured in each volume.9.【2020年北京卷】Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food___1__(play) a big role in his life. "10.【2020年北京卷】Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they___4___(throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years___5___(break) down.11.【2020年北京卷】The Neanderthals___9___（live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago.12.【2020年浙江卷7月】And，as more children were born，more food ___59___(need). ...By about 6000 BC，people ___61___ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.13. 【2020年天津卷第一次】—The machine is working again！—Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it___________.A. has been fixedB. is being fixedC. had been fixedD. would be fixed14. 【2020年天津卷第一次】A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform.A. isB. areC. wasD. were15. 【2020年江苏卷】If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ______ everyone.A. suitB. suitedC. suitsD. has suited16. 【2020年江苏卷】Instead of getting down to a new task as I _____, he examined the previous work again.A. had expectedB. have expectedC. would expectD. expect17. 【2020年江苏卷】If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I _____where I am.A. won’t beB. wouldn’t have beenC. wouldn’t beD. shouldn’t have been参考答案2024年1.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time.60.【答案】walks【答案解析】考查时态和主谓一致。

距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

考点一：动词时态1、技法巧图解2. 高考真题体验1、（2022年全国高考乙卷）The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ______(address) the opening ceremony.2、（2022年全国高考甲卷）In the last five years. Cao ______ (walk) through 34 countries in sixcontinents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,3、（2022年全国新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that______ (be)previously unprotected,4、（2022年全国新高考II卷）Henry ______ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He lookedup and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ______ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.5、（2021年新高考八省联考）It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on thePotomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 56．（prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.6、（2021年新高考八省联考) After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 65．（sell）most of their furniture.7、（2021年全国高考甲卷）We 66．(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job.8、（2021年新高考I卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it 61．(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.9、（2021年浙江高考）In cities, however, the gain 61．(be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI.10、（2020年海南高考）Because the number of possible topics68．（be）practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology.11、（2020年北京高考）Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He saysfood28．(play) a big role in his life.12、（2020年全国高考）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 63．(form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.13、（2020年浙江高考）By about 6000 BC，people 61．(discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.14、（2020年浙江高考）changes began. New methods 65．(mean)that fewer people worked in farming.15、（2020年全国高考）they smiled and 66．(point) down the river.16、（2020年全国高考）China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61．(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.17、（2019·新课标II卷）I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years18、（2019·新课标III卷）Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ___65___ (recommend) wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.19、（2019·新课标III卷）O n the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attenda private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars20、（2019·新课标II卷）Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene___64___(declare) she had no plans __to retire__ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.在确定谓语动词的时态时，我们可从三个方面来进行判断：(1)、看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句。

第六节时态、语态和主谓一致一、时态（tense）1.动态动词与静态动词1)英语主动词按词汇意义可分为动态动词（dynamic verb）和静态动词(stative verb),绝大多数主动词是动态动词。

静态动词是表示静止状态的动词，通常用于非进行体。

2.时态的其他高频考点1)“主将从现”---在含有条件状语从句或时间状语从句的复合句中，若主句是一般将来时，那么从句用一般现在时来表示将来的动作。

2)现在进行时表将来通常含有“意图、安排、打算”等意思，通常用于表示最近或较近的将来，所用动词常表示位置的移动，如go, come, leave, start, move, sail, arrive, fly等。

3)现在进行时跟频度副词always, continually, constantly, forever等连用，一般用于描述经常发生或具有持续性的事情，通常也透露出不满或抱怨的情绪等。

4)Be表示状态时，不能用于进行时，但是当它和某些表示动作意义的形容词连用，表示此时此刻的情况时可用进行时。

常用的此类形容词有：afraid, active, brave, careful, friendly, helpful, serious, stupid等。

5)一般过去时主要用来表示在特定过去时间中一次完成的动作或一度存在的状态。

一般过去时还可用在特定句型中表示现在时间和将来时间，表示委婉语气，这一用法仅限want, wonder, hope, think 等少数几个动词。

6)将来进行时表示的是在将来某一时间正在进行的动作，常表示安排好的事，给人一种期待之感。

也可表示预料不久要发生的动作，由shall/will+ be+ v.-ing构成。

7)将来完成时表示将来某时刻之前或某一行为发生之前所完成的动作，也可用于在谈及未来的假设和可能的推测时。

由will/ shall+ have+过去分词构成。

8)现在完成进行时，用来表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时还在继续或刚刚结束，由have/ has+ been+ v.-ing构成。

高三英语暑假精品课（课标全国卷）动词时态、语态和主谓一致1. 掌握一般现在时等八种常用动词时态的用法。

2. 掌握被动语态构成及主动形式被动意义用法。

3. 掌握主谓一致三种场合和具体用法。

一、八种常考动词时态(一) 一般现在时1.表示习惯性、经常性的动作。

常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always，every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually等连用。

We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是照顾和帮助彼此。

2.表示客观真理、客观存在及自然现象。

Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不等人。

3.在when, till/until, as soon as, by the time, after, before等引导的时间状语从句以及if，unless等引导的条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

We won't leave until you come. 你来了我们再走。

If you come this afternoon, well have a meeting. 如果你今天下午来，我们将开个会。

4.表示按时间表、规定、计划、安排等将要发生的动作，但仅限于少数表示短暂意义的动词。

如 go，come, leave, arrive, begin, start, return, open, close 等。

The plane leaves at three sharp.飞机3点整起飞。

(二) 一般过去时1.表示过去发生的事情或存在的状态。

I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.我忘了告诉你我以前和哥哥去过那儿。

2.表示过去的习惯性动作。

专题04单项选择动词的时态&语态&z主谓一致训练15年真题过关1．（2021·天津·高考真题）Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first.A．deliveredB．will be deliveringC．was deliveringD．has been delivering【答案】B【详解】考查将来进行时。

句意：大家晚上好，金教授马上要发表演讲，但（开始之前）让我先介绍一下他。

根据语境和标志词in a moment（立即，即将，一会儿）的提示，可知教授的演讲还未开始，用将来时态（一般将来时或将来进行时），仅有B符合题意，是将来进行时的结构，故选B。

2．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by a dozen computer companies.A．has offeredB．has been offeredC．had offeredD．had been offered【答案】D【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。

句意：马克是个天才。

到他毕业的时候，已经有十几家电脑公司给他提供了工作机会。

该句是复合句，含By the time引导的时间状语从句，主句动作先于从句动作，且主句主语he和谓语动词offer之间是被动关系，是过去完成时的被动语态。

故选D。

3．（2021·天津·高考真题）Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.A．were displayingB．are displayingC．were being displayedD．are being displayed【答案】D【详解】考查时态和语态。

2020年全国高考试题（I、II、III）试题及经典模拟题分类汇编之语法填空2020年全国高考试题（I、II、III）1.【2020·全国新课标I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61．(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62．(extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63．it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64．(interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)，more so 65．the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66．(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67．(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68．(construct)＂Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69．ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70．(it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.【答案】61．touched62．extremely63．where64．interest65．than66．to find67．means68．is constructed 69．much70．its【解析】这是一篇说明文。

模块三千变万化的动词第4讲动词的时态、语态和主谓一致考点一一般时态1. 一般现在时(do/does;is/am/are)(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。

常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always,every time,now and then,occasionally,often,seldom,sometimes,usually, every day/night等连用。

(2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作,用一般现在时。

只限于go,arrive,leave,start,stay,return,begin,come等动词。

(3)普遍真理。

(4)用在时间、条件或让步状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。

※He plays basketball every day.※The film starts at two o’clock.※The earth goes round the sun once a year.※(2020·江苏高考)If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probablya solution that suits everyone.2. 一般过去时(did;was/were)(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。

(2)表示过去习惯性动作。

点津: would/used to do表示过去常常做……※We used to go there every year.※We often played together when we were children.※—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?—I went to Ningxia and stayed there for three years, teaching as a volunteer. 考点二进行时态1. 现在进行时(am/is/are doing)(1)表示说话时正在进行或表示现阶段正在进行的动作,虽然此时此刻该动作不一定正在进行。