Telephone Message

PART A Telephone message for Mr Drawson9:00Amanda Mr Dawson's office.Jenny oh,it's Jenny . can you give Mr Dawson a message? I won't be in till Friday. I've got the flu. I saw the doctor this morning.Amanda OK, jenny. I'll pass the massage on. I hope you'll feel better soon,9:40Amanda Mr Dawson's office. can i help you ?Mr Watkins may i speak to Mr Dawson's ,please?Amanda I'm afaid he's away in business. he'll be back tomorrow. can i take a message?Mr Watkins Please. it's Tom Datkins here. look. i can't make the meeting on Tuesday afternoon. something important's come up. i'll ring Peter on Wednessday.11:30Amanda hello, godfrey. what can i do for you?Godfrey Mr Dawson isn't here, is he?Amanda No, not till tomorrow.Godfrey Ah ... it's just that i want friday off. you see. my grandmother died yesterday. i'll have to go to the funeral.Amanda Oh, i am sorry. how old was she?Godfrey 92.12:15Amanda Mr Dawson's office.Salesman can you put me to through to Mr Dawson?Amanda I'm afraid he isn't here today. would you like to leave a message?Salesman Oh, right, wadley's garage here. it's about his new car. it isn't ready yet. there's a strike at he factory today.2:10Amanda Good afternoon. Mr Dawson's office.Miss Dobson Good afternoon. this is Juliet Dobson from western Video Syetems. Mr Dawson's at the trade fair in Lyon, isn't he?Amanda yes. that's right. he should be here tomorrow.Miss Dobson well, cam you give him this message first thing in the morning? I'm afraid we must cancel our last order. the customers have changed their minds again!3:20Amanda Good afternoon. Mr Dawson's office.Mr Gonzalez hello, this is Miguel Gonzalez speaking. is Peter there?Amanda No,i'm afraid he's away on business today. can i pass on a message .Senor Gonzalez?Mr Gonzalez yes, i may be in London from 21st to 25st. i want to see Peter then, if possible. it's about the agency in Mexico.4:35Amanda Mr Dawson's office.Mrs Ellis My name's Samantha Ellis. can you get Mr Dawson to phone me as soon as he gets back from Lyon? it really is very urgent.4:55Amanda Mr Dawson's office.Mr Berry Ah, Miss Hayward. this is Charles Berry.Amanda Oh, good afternoon, sir.Mr Berry I've got an important message for Mr Dawson. give it to him the minute he comes in. just say, 'Don't supply Mason and Company until further notice'. I'll explain later.(It's Tuesday morning.Peter Dawson has returned to the office after his business trip to Lyon.)Peter Good morning, Amanda. could you come in for a minute, please?Amanda Good morning , Mr Dawson. did you have a good trip?Peter Yes, thank you. were there any messages for me yesterday?Amanda yes, quite a few. shall i just run through them?Peter please.Amanda Jenny phoned. she said she would be in till Friday.Peter Oh, why's that?Amanda she said she had the flu. she'd seen the doctor.Peter Right, go on.Amanda Then Mr Watkins called, he said he couldn't make the meeting this afternoon but would ring you on Wednesday.Peter OK.Amanda Godfrey came in looking for you. he said he wanted Friday off.Peter Did he?Amanda yes, he told me his grandmother had died and he'd have to go to the funeral.Peter Oh, dear. I'd better see him later.Amanda And Wadley's Garage called. they said you new car wasn't ready.Peter Oh,no... why on earth not?Amanda they said there was a strike at the factory yesterday.Peter Again!Amanda After lunch Miss Dobson phoned. she said that Western Video Systems had to cancel their last order because their customers had changed their minds.Peter Pity!Amanda Mr Gonzalez called from Mexico to say he might be in London from 21st to 25th. he said he wanted to see you then.Peter Oh, good. I hope he can make it.Amanda then a lady phoned, Samantha,Ellis. she asked you to phone her as soon as possible. she said it was urgent.Peter Ah, Samantha. i wonder what she wants.Amanda Oh and just before five. Mr Berry phoned . he told us not to supplyMason&Co.until further notice. he said it was important and that he would explain later.Peter Anything else?Amanda No, that's it. Coffee?Peter Please,, that would be nice.答案1-5 cbccdUnit 2Dr Coleman's Sabbatical LeaveIn the United States a university professor is granted a few months of freedom from his duties approximately every seventh year for travel or advanced study. this period of freedom from teaching is called a 'sabbatical leave'.Few sabbatical leaves are interesting enough to be described in national newspapers and magazines. recently, however, there was an exception. the public learned how Dr JohnR.Coleman, president of Haverford College. had spent his sabbatical leave.At the age of 51 Dr Coleman was determined to escape from university life for a few months and to get a variety of experiences in the world of work.he especially wanted to learn about people. people who do hard physical labor were particularly interesting to him.Telling no one of his plans. Dr Coleman started his sabbatical leave on a farm in Canada, hundreds of miles from his college. Getting up at 4:30 each morning, working thirteen hours a day in fields and barns, he prepared himself physically for his next job, digging ditches, in Atlanta, Georgia, after that, the college president washed dishes in a boston restaurant, during the last ten days of his leave, he worked as a garbage collector.This unusual sabbatical leave was conducted in great secrecy. Coleman telephoned his family once a week,'just to let some know where i was and that i was healthy.' none of his students or co-workers at Haverford College knew what their president was doing. on each job he avoided letting people know who he was. 'when people would ask me about myself, i'd try to turn the conversation back to them,' he explained. 'some co-workers might have thought i was a little different, a little quiet maybe, but i doubt anyone knew i was a college president.'there was only one employer who sensed something unusual. 'at a restaurant in boston, i had been on the job exactly one hour-- i was washing dishes--when the boss came over and said,'I'm afraid you won't do.' and handed me two dollars. immediately i asked him why, but he just said,' it's not your work. sorry.'that was the frist time in more than thirty years as a job holder that Coleman had heard such words. it helped him understand how a man of his age might feel when he suddenly realizeed he had lost his job.after two months of working with his hands,Coleman returned from his unusual sabbatical leave, convinced that the experience had been worthwhile. he had some good things to say about people who do hard physical work.'a lot of my co-workers would complain when they was too heavy,' he said, 'but they'd complain a lot more when there was nothing to do.'he found that pride and satisfaction came chiefly in the form of praise from co-workers. even though pay was important, what brought the greatest satisfaction was known that someone had noticed how a job was being done.at the end of the sabbatical leave Dr Coleman felt that his time had been well spent. he now believes that every young person should be required to spend at least half a year in the world of work before starting university studies.Unit 3The life story of Ernest HemingwayDr Chu and His superconductorPablo picassoUnit 4a conversation sleeping habitsPART A Sleeping HabitsWoman good morning, sir.Man Er, good morning.Woman i wonder if you'd like to answer a few questions.Man well er...Woman we're doing a market survey.Man that depends, what sorts of questions are they, eh?Woman well, it's questions about your sleeping habits.Man sleeping habits?Woman Mm.Man well, i suppose that's all right. yes , well, what do you want to know?Woman right, Um, what would you do if you heard a strange noise in the middle of the night?Man i'd wonder what it was, er, i suppose, and then i'd um, see if it happened again.Woman Mm.Man i would lie awake a little while. waiting to see if it happened again, and if it did ----i suppose i'd get up...Woman Mm.Man and go and see what it was.Woman very courageous.um, if you, if you can't get to sleep at night, er, what do you, what do you do?have you a special method?Man well, i generally go to sleep straight away. i don't have any trouble getting to sleep.Woman Mm.Man well. if i do have... occasionally, happens about once every six months, i suppose, that i can't go to sleep and then i, er, i lie awake and i, um, think about things.Woman Mm, Mm. think about things. and, er, what about before going to bed? what do you do before you go to bed?Man well. i , it all depends, er. if i 've been out i, i, don't do anything. i just come home and go straight to bed. i clean my teeth, ha , ha.Woman Mm, good, good.Man that's one thing i do before i go to bed. Um, well, i occasionally read a bit but if i read i go, i tend to go straight to sleep. i , i, can usually read about a page and then i go to straight off.Woman Mm, yes, me too. yeah, and, um, when you dream, what do you dream about?Man Aah! now that's a very interesting question.Woman Mm.Man yes, i have been dreaming a great deal recently as it happens.Woman have you?Man Mm.Woman have you?Man Um, i've had dream every single...all, all the way through my holidays. i've just come back from my holiday and i' ve been dreaming every single night. quite worrying dreams, very worrying dreams. for example, i had a dream about parrots the other night.Woman parrots?Man yes, green parrots. i mean, they shouldn't have been there because we weren't in any tropical country or anything.Woman er, no. no.Man it was a flock of parrots.Woman a flock?Man a flock. a whole flock of parrots.Woman that's funny.Man and there i was climbing up this stream bed...Woman yes, Um.Man with these parrots flying around. ha, most extraordinary.Woman really. yes, would you describe that as a nightmare?Man well, it's rathere worrying, don't you think?Woman very--well, um, another question, sir, how much time do you spend making you bed every day?Man i don't spend any time at all. i just get out and then i get back in, in the evening.Woman i see. so no time at all. and, Um yes, the last question,Um ,have you had any people complaining about your sleeping habits?Man complaining?Woman yes, that's to say...Man what would they complain of?Woman do you, perhaps you snore at night?Man no, i don't snore.Woman perhaps you talk in your sleep.Man no , i , i tend to take up rather a lot of room, though.Woman yes, i can see that.Man yes, yes, i do tend to use up more than my fair share of the bed, yes.Woman but you...Man roll around a bit.Woman but you've had no complaints?Man well, i occasionally get complaints but i don't take much notice of them, what can you do?Woman yes. quite so. well um, thank you very much indeed, sir, you've been very cooperative and helpful.Man yes, well. thank you. yes, it was quite interesting speaking to you actually. ha, ha.Woman good-bye.Man bye, bye.答案：1-5 cabcdCats are creatures of habitsCats are creatures of habits. they like to fo to sleep about the same time everyday and for a certain length of time. they seem to have a national clock inside them that tells them when to sleep.cats supplement their regular sleep with occasional cat naps. some experts feel that humans could also benefit from this habit. cat naps help to build up energy in the body. they are also a good way to overcome boredom. since cats have moods similar to those of humans, some experts believe that people can improve their moods and attitudes by catnapping. people might become happier;a number of famous people have copied cats by taking cat naps during the day. the naps would usually last from 15 to 30 minutes. winston churchill took cat naps. so did president harry truman. john kennedy and so on. there famous people were known for their energy. they were also able to work long hours. often late into the night. and napping was their secret. perhaps more people could learn from cats and take naps to feel better and live longer.答案1-5dcabcUnit 4The Invention of SpectaclesWho is the inventor of spectacles? It said the inventor probably lived in the town of Pisa, Italy, around 1286, and he was almost certainly a craftsman working in glass. But nobody know this much about the inventor because on a Wednesday morning in February 1306 when Friar Giordano gav e a sermon at a church in Florence, he said, ‘It is not yet twenty years since there was found the art of making eye-glasses which make for good vision.’ He also said, ‘I have seen the man who first invented and created it, and I have talked to him.’ We know Friar said this because admirers copied his sermons down as he gave them.The inventor of spectacles kept the method of making them to himself. But the idea soon got around. As early as 1300, craftsmen in Venice were only shaped for far-sighted people. The lenses for short-sighted people were not developed until the late 15th century.Spectacles allowed people to go on reading and studying long after bad eyesight would normally have forced them to give up. They were like a new pair of eyes. Everyone thought the inventor of such a valuable thing should be honored. But for centuries no one had any idea who the inventor really was. So all kinds of candidates were put forward: Dutch,English, German, Italian. A fake memorial was erected last spectacles—but he never even existed!It is only recently that the researchers have dug back through the records, pushed away all the stories and legends, and they have found the man whose name they do not know and to whom Friar talked, probably lived in Pisa, nearly seven hundred years ago. One researcher wrote, ‘The world has found lenses on its nose without knowing whom to thank.’ Can you believe it?A new kind of contact lenses has recently been invented in America. Disposable contacts, as they come to be called, have hit the market after extended-wear contact lenses. Disposable contacts can be worn without being removed, then thrown away and replaced by a fresh pair. Dr Jack Hartstein, eye specialist at the Washing ton University, says: ‘If disposable lenses are worn properly, they are safer and more convenient than extended-wear lenses.’ He also says: ‘Many eye specialists are increasingly reluctant to prescribe extended-wear lenses.’ To allow oxygen to reach the cornea, the transparent out coat of the eyeball, extended-wear lenses contain up to 70 percent water. But the water also absorbs bacteria, irritants and protein which can result in cloudy vision, infection and cornea ulcers.Disposable lenses cost about $365 for the first year and $280 there-after, but competition will drive the price down. Extended-wear lenses range from approximately $150 to more than $400, but need replacing once or twice a year. Dr Hartstein estimates that users of disposable lenses will save at least $100 a year on cleansing solutions. And there is no need for insurance to cover lost or damaged lenses.Unit 1Telephone message for Mr dawsonImportant messageAre you ringing about partyUnit 2Dr coleman’s sabbatical leaveA funny thing happened to meMy experience in a restaurantUnit 3The life story of Ernest Hemingway;Dr. chu and his superconductorPablo picassoUnit 4Sleeping habitsCats are creatures of habitIs the sleepwalker actually awake or asleep Unit 5A new way of lifeFarmers’ life in the usThe healthiest lifestyle in the worldUnit 6Do it yourselfA conversation I believe in do it yourself A compound dictationUnit 7The invention of spectaclesA passage contact lensesUnit 8Long distance friendshipAn act of friendshipUnit 9Mysteries of the seaHow animals protect themselves The resources of the seaUnit 10Things we never saidYoung darwinSurviving a plane crash。

综合练习（历次水平II试题精选）Part One Listening ComprehensionSection IDirections: In this section you will hear two students, Frank and Theresa, discussinga survey they have to write as an assignment. Listen to the conversation and complete the notes below which what you hear.Notes about Frank’s survey:Topic: ________________________________Typical examples of violent programs: _______________________________________ _______People’s suggestions: _____________________________________________________ _______Pe ople’s reactions to violence on news broadcast: _____________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________A possible problem with this survey: ________________________________________________The advantage of the survey: ______________________________________________ _________Section TwoDirections: In this section you will listen to some news program. Below are the sum maries of the news items. Listen to the recording and fill in the missing words to c omplete the new summaries.1.An orangutan stopped the traffic outside _________ . It took a keep from the zoo________ minutes to get downtown because of the traffic. The animal showed no i nterest in ________ but responded when the keeper ________ to it. It held the ke eper’s _______ as they got into the car.2. A new method for teaching singing has been developed. Most singers are unawareof how they ______________________. By wearing a ______________ over your h ead while you sing, you can hear your voice the way _____________ hear you. Thi s can help you _________ your singing.3.This year there are _______ contestants in the Sunset Beaches and castle ________--aged from 8 to ____ . The two favorites are Greg Wallace (who has won three times before), with his _______ castle, and newcomer David Bradley, with his Star Wars __________.Section ThreeIn this section, you hear four telephone messages. What is each message about? W hen you hear each message, you should write in English the main information. Some callers’names are: Alberto, Janine Ellis, and Jim Saunders. You will hear the recording only once.Telephone message 1: ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________.Telephone message 2: ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________.Telephone message 3: ____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________Telephone message 4:_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Part Two TranslationDirections: Read the following passage carefully and translate it into Chinese. Write your translation clearly in the spaces provided below.What’s in a name?For thousands of years, humanity has classified the living thins of this world in muc h the same fashion; by their appearance. If it looks like a duck, walks and quacks like a duck, then it is a duck. But tackling millions of species in this way has prove n to be a recipe for confusion. As scientists have found to their cost, what looks lik e a duck may in fact be a goose.More recently, genetic techniques have been applied, particularly for distinguishing t he more difficult-to-identity species such as viruses and bacteria by comparing piece s of DNA. Might this approach be more generally applicable? Paul Hebert and his c olleagues in Canad a think it might be. Just as barcodes and the “universal product code” numbering scheme uniquely identify different items at a supermarket checkout, they suggest that some stretches of DNA could perform a similar function in living things. In a paper just published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, they discu ss how long such a genetic barcode needs to be, and where it might be found.A universal product code found on the high street consists of a string of 11 digits, each of which is one of ten numerals, providing 100 billion unique combinations. Ge netic material, however, uses a quaternary, rather than a denary, coding system. In theory, it would only be necessary to sample 15 of those letters to create one billi on unique codes.In practice, however, the characteristics of DNA mean that 15 letters are not enoug h. Unlike the arbitrary numbers of a universal product code, the letters of DNA are not random, because they code for something that a biological meaning.Part Three WritingDirections: Boshi Electronic (China) Co., Ltd. is planning to recruit an assistant to t he general manager. Read the job description and qualification and write to this co mpany to recommend yourself as a candidate. Your letter of application should not be less than 300 words.Some topics for Speaking TestOpening Questions1. Do you like music? What kind of music do you listen to these days? Why do you like this particular music?2. Do you like sports? What kind of games do you often play? Why do you like tha t game?3. Suppose you have won $100,000 ina lottery. What would you do with this mone y?4. Why do you choose Tsinghua to do your graduate program? What are the most important factors in choosing a school?5. What kind of job do you plan to take upon graduation? Why?6. How much time do you spend learning about the news everyday? How do you le arn about the news, by watching TV or reading newspaper？Talk about one piece of the latest new that impressed you a great deal.7. In the development of human society, many kinds of inventions have greatly ben efited our lives. Could you give us some examples? What do you think are the top important inventions in the past 50 years?8. In everyone’s life, he may experience many good and bad events. Please tell me some past events which made you feel good or bad.9. Do you use e-mail or the Internet? What do you use them for?II. Role plays or debate1. As the job-hunting season is approaching, many graduates have to decide wheth er to remain in Beijing and seek a job here (though it is not very easy to hunt a good job) or go to small cities to have an easy life.Student A:It’s not advisable choice for us to work in Beijing, for the life in Beijing won’t be easy.Student B: I will try every effort to remain here to have a further develop and enj oy the exciting life here.2. As the industry develops more rapidly in these years, people in China become m uch more concerning about the environmental protection.Student A：I appeal to the government to postpone or stop some of the current p rojects, and punish the ones who are polluting our city. Industrialization brings us n othing but the stink of money and a dirty sky. We should not develop our industry intensely. The industrialization should be slowed down at once, or we’ll get punish edStudent B:We shouldn’t reduce our production under any circumstance. I don’t me an to be unconventional. But I do prefer industrial development to environmental pr otection. More exactly, industrialization can be the motivation and also the supporter of environment protection, which may be the contrary to normal consideration.3. Deputies from the National People's Congress, as well as members of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, proposed changes to the holidays at thi s year's congress. They called for shortened Labor Day and National Day holidays, and the addition of the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Tomb Sweeping Day.Student A：I’m strongly agree to the change of the holidays, the golden week has lots of disadvantages.Student B：I don’t think the golden week holiday should be abrogated, because pe ople have been used to it. People need it.4. Our country has stepped into the aging society (people who are 65 or older have taken up 14%).Who will take care of the very old and disable old? Where could t hey spend the last few years in their life?Student A：The nursing home is the only way to solve the problem.Student B：I can’t agree. Those who live in the nursing home are not as happy as those who live with their family.5. Have you ever experienced a natural disaster? Work with your partner and discus s the disaster(s) that you experienced or heard of.6. Student A：All the Chinese should join in the "Rejecting the Japanese Goods" si de, because the Japanese have done too many things hurting our feelings. Student B："Rejecting the Japanese Goods" is not necessary. The Japanese goods, such as the Japanese notebook PCs, the Japanese cars and so on, are better and c heaper than ours.7. Student A：English language is tool—we learn it for we’re going to use it. So the four skills of English are very important. We attend the English Class for improving our English Skills.Student B：We attend the English class because the charm of a foreign culture oft en attracts us strongly. That is the very foundation stone of the interest of learning a foreign language. Furthermore, only by mastering the foreign language can one a ttain the charm of a culture.8. Class discussion has become a common activity in our classroom nowadays. Many teachers use this activity to involve students in the class learning.Student A: It's a waste of time to listen to other students who are as ignorant as us to talk nonsense; we prefer to listen to teachers.Student B：Class discussion can get students more involved in class learning and c an give us a chance to share what we know about the subjects.9. Nowadays internet has penetrated into every aspect of out daily life. A lot of peo ple have ever tried to buy something from the internet.Student A: Shopping on internet is very convenient.Student B: I love the traditional shopping method.10. Student A: I worry about the future of human beings. We are facing so many problems in the development.Student B: I do believe that our children will have a better life.A: Computer games are the best way to kill time and can people can learn a lot fr om playing it.B: Computer games do more harm than good to young people.11. A and B are two classmates who have never met after they graduated from the university 5 years ago. Now they meet at the classmates’ reunion party? What w ould you say? Role play the two old classmates.12. Did you have to adhere to a dress code or wear a uniform when you went sch ool? How did you feel about it then? How do you feel about it now? Work in pairs to discuss the topic.13. Role Play: Where are you from? You and your partner may come from different regions inChina. Compare the lifestyles in each of your hometown by discussion w hat is hot (popular) and what is not in the city or town.14. Role Play: Tell each other a past event which made you feel good or bad (e.g.A embarrassed situation, un unforgettable school event, a happy reunion, or meeti ng a famous person).15. What qualities do heroes in movies and TV shows in your country have? Who a re some of your own personal heroes? Why do you admire and respect these peopl e? Tell each other you heroes you respect.16. Nowadays, more and more parents choose to educate primary school children a t home instead of sending them to school to get public education. How do you thin k about it?A: strongly agree to it. B: strongly against it.17. Should the University Campus be open to tourist?A: strongly agree to it. B: strongly against it.18.Talk about the marriage of the college students.A: strongly agree to it. B: strongly against it.19.How do you think the Clone technology?A: It’s a breakthrough of the biological engineer.B: Human cloning would cause a lot of problems.写作题型与篇章结构写作从命题语言形式上可以分为三类：1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People are never satisfied with what they have. They always want something more or something different. Us e specific reasons and examples to explain your position.该题型的篇章结构：第一段：引言（表明观点：支持/反对）第二段：支持/反对理由一第三段：支持/反对理由二（第四段：支持/反对理由三）第五段：结论（归纳或重申观点）2. Some schools encourage their students to take part in team sports, such as footb all, baseball, and basketball. Other schools place greater emphasis on such individual sports as tennis, running, and swimming. Which type of sports program would you recommend for teenagers? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answe r.该题型的篇章结构：（1）第一段：引言（用自己的语言解释命题，肯定两种观点的合理性）第二段：第一种观点的合理性第三段：第二种观点的合理性第四段：结论（自己的观点及两至三条理由或倾向于折中的观点）（2）第一段：引言（略提及自己反对的观点的合理性，转折后，明确表明自己支持的观点）第二段：自己支持的观点论据一第三段：自己支持的观点论据二（第四段：自己支持的观点论据三）第五段：结论（重申自己的观点）3. Inventions such as eyeglasses and the sewing machine have had an important ef fect on your lives. Choose another invention that you think is important. Give specific reasons for your choice.该题型的篇章结构：第一段：引言（明确话题）第二段：讨论话题第一方面第三段：讨论话题第二方面（第四段：讨论话题第三方面）第五段：结论（总结前面提到的几个方面）范文1：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television has helped impro ve standards of education. Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.I disagree that television has helped improved standards of education for a number of reasons. The first and probably the most important reason is the programming. Around the world it is movies, sit-com, soap operas, pop music and talk shows whi ch dominate TV screens. There may be nothing wrong with these, and they are cer tainly popular with audiences, but the content of these programs has not helped to make people better educated.Typical television programs have also had a bad effect on viewers? Attention span, that is, on how long they can concentrate. Most TV programs do not require much concentration and young viewers, especially, get used to this. Education, on the oth er hand, does require concentration and young people find this increasingly difficult. Another characteristic of television is that it encourages a passive attitude in viewer s instead of an active one. Most popular TV programs encourage an uncritical respo nse, but education requires you to think about what is presented to you, to react t o it and in some way to make use of it. In addition, passive TV-watching has oftentaken the place of more active pursuits such as reading, music, playing board gam es and conversation, all of which are more educational than a typical evening of T V.Finally, it seems to be true that television makes it difficult for viewers, especially y oung ones, to distinguish properly between fact and fiction. This confusion, which is really another kind of uncritical response, again works against educational principle s.Television has done many good things. It entertains lonely, old and sick people; it certainly helps countries’ economies by selling products, and can be very informative by bringing news from around the locality, the country and the world into peoples’homes. However, by making people passive and uncritical, television has a negativ e effect on education.范文2：There have been many arguments in recent years whether nuclear energy should b e used to generate electricity. Do you think nuclear energy should or should not be used for this purpose in your country? Which side do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides. People who support using nuclear energy to produce electricity usually give s ome or all of the following reasons. The first argument is that it is potentially chea per than any other way. The second is that other ways of producing electricity requ ire nonrenewable resources, such as coal and oil, and one day these will be used u p. This, they say, is not the case if we use nuclear energy. The third reason is mo re of a political one: some countries do not have the raw materials, such as coal, oil or water, which are needed to generate electricity and so they have to depend t oo much on other countries.People who attack using nuclear energy for generating electricity generally say that it is too dangerous, both now and in the future. They point to severe nuclear accid ents, such as Chernobyl, and some others in the United States, and say that the ef fects are so bad that the risk of an accident, even if the risk is very small, is not worthwhile. They also often say that there will be problems in the future of how to store the dangerous waste from old nuclear power stations, which can be deadly f or thousands of years.As far as my own country is concerned, I believe there are two main reasons why it should not try to use nuclear energy at this time. Firstly, we have plenty of oil a nd hydroelectric energy from which to generate electricity. Secondly, if countries like the United States and Russia can suffer nuclear accidents, it would be very difficultto guarantee safety in my country. Furthermore, we have many better and more u rgent things to do with the money.常用词语与表达法1. Introductory: generally speaking, generally, as a general rule, comparatively spe aking, comparatively, in general, in a sense, in one sense, in a way, to some exten t, to a certain degree, in my opinion, in my view, to my mind, as for me, as far a s I am concerned, on a personal level, at an individual level, from a (personal and psychological) perspective, in some cases, in some respects, on a larger scale, at a local level, to take the idea further, to take the above point to an extreme, putting the discussion in a wider context, following the same line of…, traditionally, unfort unately, obviously, undoubtedly, practically speaking, simplistically speaking, economi cally speaking, financially speaking, in terms of, at the risk of sounding too cold, ina slightly cold calculation, at the risk of sounding too direct.2. Comparison: similarly, likewise, in the same way, equally important, like, both…a nd…, the same as, (have…) in common, in a not dissimilar way3. Contrast: on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, unlik e, in sharp contrast, whereas, rather than, conversely, instead, by contrast4. Exemplification: for example, for instance, as an example, as a case in point, a s an illustration, such as, namely, that is, like, say5. Enumeraion: first, second, in the first place, initially, first of all, to begin with, t o start with, first and foremost, in the second place, next, also, besides, furthermor e, moreover, in addition, what is more, beyond that, for one thing, for another, fin ally, supremely, eventually6. Cause:because…, because of, as, since, for,owing to, due to, on account of, asa result of7. Concession:although, nevertheless, however, but, yet, admittedly, it is true… bu t, in spite of, even though, granted that…, at the very worse8. Emphasis: chiefly, especially, indeed, in fact, certainly, particularly, to be sure, ac tually, above all, surely, most important of all, even worse, no doubt, needless to s ay, more often than not9. Result: thus, so, consequently, hence, therefore, accordingly, as a result, for this reason, as a consequence, on t hat account, it follows that…10. Summary: in conclusion, in short, in brief, in summary, on the whole, finally, t o sum up, to conclude, in a word常用句型Argumentation1、The idea of… is not without advantages.2、Nonetheless, pound for pound, I reckon th at… is more advantageous.3、My view is that……4、Likewise, common sense tells us that……5、Many people would claim that……6、I also see a more serous reason for preferring to ……7、A, by contrast, is blessed with advantages.8、Another reason why I would usually prefer to …… is that ……9、I can see that many of the advantages of …… seem obvious.10、What is also worth noticing is that……11、It might also be noted that……12、If we turn our attention to ……，we see that……13、There i s no evidence to suggest that……14、The chief strength of …… is ……15、 A further reason why I advocate an attitude of …… is that ……Exemplification1.I can think of no better illustration of the idea than the example of ……2.I can think of no bette r illustration of the view than the fact of ……3.Numerous other examples might be given easily, but these will suffice.4.we may cite a single example of ……5.history presents many examples of ……6.The situation is not rare, it is one of many examples I have encountered.7.one very amusing example of this is ……Conclusion1.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that ……2.Taking into account all these factors, we may safely reach the conclusion that ……3.Judging from all the evidence offered, we may safely come to the conclusion that……4.All the evidence supports an unmistakable conclusion that ……5.All the analysis justifies an unshakable view that ……6.All the evidence confirms a sound idea that ……7.Personal experience leads me to the conclusion that ……8.I agree with the above statement because it seems to me that ……9.Above all, I have supported the statement that it is better to …… because ……10.To be fair, I must own up the advantage that ……, but I firmly believe that ……听力模拟题一Question 1-4Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Question 5-10Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Question 11-13Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. RIVERSIDE INDUSTRIAL VILLAGE11 Riverside Village was a good place to start an industry because it had water ra w materials and fuels such as and .12 The metal industry was established at Riverside Village by who lived in t he area.13 There were over water-powered mills in the area in the eighteenth ce ntury.Question 14-23Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.听力模拟题一——答案和听力原文Answer Key1 shopping/ variety of shopping2 guided tours3 more than 12/ over 124 notice board5 13th February6 Tower of London7 Bristol8 American Museum9 student newspaper10 Yentob11 coalfirewood12 local craftsmen13 16014 cities/ environment15 windy16 humid17 shady/ shaded18 dangerous19 leaves20 ground21 considerably reduce/ decrease/ filter22 low23 space/ roomAudio ScriptsQuestion 1-4MAN:Good morning.WOMAN: Good morning. How can I help you?MAN: I understand that the school organizes…umm, trips to different…WOMAN: Yes, we run five every month(example): three during weekends and t wo Wednesday afternoon trips.MAN:What sort of places?WOMAN: Well, obviously it varies, but always places of historical interest and also which offer a variety of shopping(Q1), because our students always ask about th at…and then we go for ones th ere we know there are guided tours(Q2), because this gives a good focus for the visit.MAN:Do you travel far?WOMAN:Well, we’re lucky here, obviously, because we’re able to say that all our visits are less than three hours drive.MAN: How much do they cost?WOMAN: Again it varies-between five and fifteen pounds a head, depending on dist ance.MAN: Ah ha…WOMAN: Oh, and we do offer to arrange special trips if, you know, there are mor e than twelve(Q3) people.MAN: Oh right, I’ll keep that in mind. And what are the times normally?WOMAN: We try to keep it pretty fixed so that, that students get to know the pat tern. We leave at eight-thirty a.m. and return at six p.m. We figure it’s best to kee p the day fairly short.MAN: Oh yes. And how do we reserve a place?WOMAN: You sign your name on the notice board(Q4). Do you know where it i s?MAN:Ah ha. I saw it this morning.WOMAN: And we do ask that you sign up three days in advance so we know we’v e got enough people interested to run it, and we can cancel if necessary, with full refund of course.MAN: That’s fine, thanks.Question 5-10MAN:And what visits are planned for this term?WOMAN:Right, well I’m afraid the schedule hasn’t been printed out yet, but we h ave confirmed the dates and planed the optional extra visits which you can also bo ok in advance if you want to.MAN:Oh that’s all right. If you can just give some idea of the weekend ones so I can, you know, work out when to see friends, etcetera.WOMAN: Oh sure. Well, the f irst one is St Ives. That’s on the thirteenth of Febr uary(Q5)and we’ll have only sixteen places available ’cos we’re going by minibus. And that’s a day in town with the optional extra of visiting the Hepworth Museum.MAN:Oh right…yeah…that sounds good.WOMAN:Then there’s a London trip on the sixteenth of February and we’ll be taki ng a medium-sized coach so there’ll be forty-five places on that, and, let’s see, the optional extra is the Tower of London(Q6).MAN:Oh, I’ve already been there.WOMAN: A fter that there’s Bristol(Q7) on the third of March.MAN:Where?WOMAN:Bristol…B-R-I-S-T-O-L.MAN:OK….WOMAN:That’s in a different minibus with eighteen places available, oh, and the o ptional extra is a visit to the S.S. Greet Britain.MAN:OK…WOMAN:We’re going to Salisbury on the eighteenth of March and that’s always a popular one because the optional extra is Stonehenge, so we’re taking the large co ach with fifty seats…MAN:Oh good.WOMAN: And then the last one is to Bath on the twenty-third of March.MAN:Oh yes. Is Bath the Roman city?WOMAN: Yes, that’s right, and that’s in the sixteen-seater minibus.MAN: And where’s the optional visit?WOMAN:It’s to the American Museum(Q8)- well worth a visit.MAN:OK, well that’s great, thanks for all that…WOMAN: My pleasure. By the way, if you want more information about any of the trips, have a look in the student newspaper(Q9).MAN: OK.WOMAN: Or, have a word with my assistant; her name is Jane Yentob(Q10) - tha t’s Y-E-N-T-O-B.MAN: Right, I’ve got that. Thank you very much for all your help.WOMAN:You’re very welcome. I hope you enjoy the trips.Question 11-13Good afternoon everybody and welcome to Riverside Industrial Village. To start your visit I’m just going to give you a brief account of the history of the museum befor e letting you roam about on your own. I won’t keep you long. OK?Now, from where we’re standing you’ve got a good view of the river over there. And it was because of this fast-flowing water that this site was a natural place for manufacturing works. The water and the availability of raw materials in the area, lik e minerals and iron ore, and also the abundance of local fuels, like coal and firew ood(Q11), all made this site suitable for industry from a very early time.Water was the main source of power for the early industries and some of the wa ter wheels were first established in the twelfth century, would you believe? At that time, local craftsmen(Q12) first built an iron forge just behind the village here on the bend in the river. By the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the regions riv ers supported more than a hundred and sixty(Q13) water mills-and many of thes e continued operate well into the nineteenth century. But then the steam engine w as invented and then the railways came and the centers of industry were able to move away from the rivers and the countryside and into the towns. So, industrial vi llages like this one became very rare.So that’s the history for you. If you’d like any more informatio n, you can ask me some questions, or you can read further in our excellent guide book.Question 14-23Good day, ladies and gentlemen. I have been asked today to talk to you about the urban landscape. There are two major areas that I will focus on in my talk: how vegetation can have a significant effect on urban climate, and how we can better pl an our cities using trees to provide a more comfortable environment(Q14) f or us to live in.Trees can have a significant impact on our cities. They can make a city, as a wh ole, a bit less windy(Q15) or a bit more windy, if that’s what you want. They can make it a bit cooler if it’s a hot summer day in an Australian city, or they can ma ke it a bit more humid(Q16)if it’s a dry inland city. On the local scale- that is, in particular areas within the city- trees can make the local area more shady(Q17), cooler, more humid and much less windy. In fact trees and planting of various kind s can be used to make city streets actually less dangerous(Q18) in particular area s. How do trees do all that, you ask?。

Unit 5 TelephoningPart ACommunicative Function Taking Telephone MessagesTelephone calls usually come unexpectedly. When we answer a phone call for someone else, we often have to take down the message.Now listen to four short telephone conversations and write down the messages in the blanks.Message: Call back David Johnson this afternoon.Message: Call Bill Green at 415-389-1074 this evening. It's important.Message: Meet Judy outside the Art Museum at ten tomorrow morning.Message: Don't forget to go to Tom's party this evening.Script1. --Hello. 103-6215.--Hello. Is Cindy there?--No, she is out. Do you want me to take a message?--Yes, please. Tell her to call back David this afternoon, David Johnson.2. –Hilton Hotel. Can I help you?--Mr. John Thomas, Room 1230, please.--I’ll put you through. Sorry. Mr. Thomas isn’t in at the moment. Can I take a message?--Tell him to call Bill Green at 415-389-1074 this evening. It’s important.3. --Hello, can I speak to Mary?--No, I'm afraid she's out. Could I know who is calling?--Well, this is Judy, her old classmate. Can I leave a message?--Certainly.--Please ask her to meet Judy outside the Art Museum at ten tomorrow morning.4. -- Hello.-- Hi, Mrs King. This is Tom here. Is John in?-- Hello, Tom. I'm sorry John's out right now. Would you like to leave a message?-- Yes. Tell him not to forget to come to my party this evening.-- All right. I'll let him know as soon as he gets in.Useful Expressions for Telephoning●Is (Mary) in?●Hello, is (Mary) there?●Hello, can I speak to (Mary)?●Is that you, (Mary)?●Would you like to leave a message with me?●Would you like to leave a message?●Sorry, (Mary) is not in. Can I take a message?●I’m afraid (Mary) is not available right now.●This is (David).●I'll put you through to (Mary).●Hold the line, please / Hold on.●You've got the wrong number.●Could you call back later?●It’s good to hear your voice again.●Thank you for calling.Notes1.Instead of saying “hello”, you can state your phone number when you lift the receiver to takea call. In business calls, it is customary to say the name of the company first.2.‘I’ll put you through’ means “I’ll connec t you”.3.For the number “0”, it is safer to say “zero” though it can also be spoken as the letter “o”. Listening Strategy Identifying Telephone NumbersTo be able to recognize telephone numbers is a useful skill to learn. Failure to catch the correct numbers will cause lots of trouble.Listen to three telephone conversations and write down the answers to the questions you hear.1. 6247-2255 .2. 5404-9982.3. 612-930-9608.Script1. W: Front Desk. May I help you?M: Could I have the number for the box office of Eastern Airlines, please?W: Just a moment.M: That's all right.W: The number is 6247-2255.M: Thank you very much.W: You're welcome.Q: What's the phone number that is requested?2. W: 6417-2817.M: Hello. Can I speak to Susan?W: I'm sorry Susan is not in at the moment. Would you like to leave a message?M: Well. Please ask her to call Mike at 5404-9982.W: OK. I'll give her the message.M: Thanks a lot.W: Don't mention it.Q: To what number will Susan call back?3. W: Number please.M: Oh, I’d like to make a collect call.W: Where to?M: San Francisco.W: What number?M: 415-566-1268.W: What’s your name?M: Wang Xing.W: And where are you calling from?M: 612-930-9608.W: Hold the line, please.Q: From what number is the man calling?Part BPre-listening TaskQuestions for DiscussionYou are going to talk about making telephone calls. Read the following questions and discuss them with your partner.1.Do you make and receive a lot of phone calls? Who do you call most often?2.Do you sometimes make calls in English? Do you find it easy or difficult to understandEnglish on the phone?3.Suppose you work as a receptionist/ secretary in a company. What should you say whenyou pick up the receiver to answer a phone call?4.If someone who is wanted on the phone is not available, what can you do?5.What would you say if you want the caller to leave a message?6.Do you often use a cell phone to talk to your friends? Why or why not?Demo:1. Do you make and receive a lot of phone calls? Who do you call most often?Yes, I often use telephone to communicate with my friends and my family. Sometimes I use the fixed phone at home, sometimes I use my own mobile phone. On campus, I use my mobile phone to call my parents and exchange short messages with my friends. Frankly speaking, I have to admit that I can not part with my mobile phone, for it is an important link to keep in touch with my friends and family. Now it's very common to see college students using their own mobile phones on campus. They say mobile phones provide them with more conveniences and chances to know the outside world.4. If someone who is wanted on the phone is not available, what can you do?When someone who is wanted on the phone is not available, I would ask the caller to leave a message for him or her. Or I would ask the caller to call again some time later. Or I would recommend the caller to try his or her mobile phone number.Language FocusHere are some useful sentences and structures that you might find handy in discussing the above questions:The telephone is a very useful tool/a must for all.●The telephone shortens the distance between people/brings people closer.●I make a lot of phone calls to my friends/relatives to arrange outings, parties, etc.●When I miss my parents/relatives/friends, I call them (so that I can hear their voices).●I often/sometimes/occasionally/seldom make/receive calls in English.●I find it quite difficult to understand English on the phone.●Often I can't catch / fail to hear exactly / get confused with the name / phone number ofthe caller.●I hate people to call me after 10 p.m. unless it is an emergency.● A receptionist/secretary usually says the name of her company and asks the caller,“What can I do for you?” when she picks up the receiver to take a call.●“Can I take a message/ Would you like to leave a message?” is said when someone whois wanted on the phone is not available.●I use my cell phone a lot to talk to my friends. It is so convenient.●I carry my cell phone wherever I go so that I will never miss a call.Listening TasksA Conversation A Business CallWord Bankavailable a. reachable, free 可取得联系的,有暇的cellular a. 无线通讯的(简称cell)reach v. to contact 联系leave a message 留言cell phone number 手机号码ABC Imports ABC进口公司Star Electronics 星球电子公司Alexander 亚历山大(男子名)ScriptA Business CallA: Good afternoon. ABC Imports. May I help you?B: Yes, may I speak to Mr. James Johnson, please?A: I'm afraid Mr. Johnson isn't available right now. Would you like to leave a message?B: This is Richard Alexander with Star Electronics. It's very important that he returns my call this afternoon.A: Does he have your office number and your mobile phone number?B: I think so, but let me give them to you again.A: Okay.B: My office number is 714-555-2000; my cell phone number is 909-555-2308. He can reach me at my office number before 6 p.m. or anytime today on my mobile.A: Very well, I'll give him your message as soon as he returns to the office.Language and Culture Notes1. Background information Telephone English is a form of spoken English. As the two partieson the phone cannot rely on the help of gestures and facial expressions, politeness in wording is very important.2. May I speak to ...? It is relatively formal to say "May/could I speak to ..., please?" Other ways can be "Could I please speak to ...?" and "Could you put me through to ...?" A more casual way is "Is ... there/in?"3. Mr. Johnson isn't available right now. Mr. Johnson cannot answer your phone right now. He may be in the company but is busy with something else, for example, in conference.4. This is Richard Alexander... a proper way to introduce oneself on the phone is to use "This is ...", but not "I am…" However, it is all right to say "My name is…"Exercise 1: Listening for general understandingListen to the recording once and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.1. What can be learned from the telephone conversation you've just heard?a. Mr. Alexander is wanted on the phone but he is out.b. Mr. Johnson is wanted on the phone but he is out.c. Mr. Alexander works for ABC Imports.d. Mr. Johnson works for Star Electronics.2. Who might be the person that has answered the phone call?a. A receptionist.b. A friend of Mr. Johnson's.c. Mr. Johnson's boss.d. Richard.Exercise 2: Listening for detailsListen to the recording once again and fill in the blanks with the missing information.Speaking TasksPair WorkListen to the conversations and repeat after the recording. Practise the conversations with your partner, playing the role of A or B. Then work with your partner to create your own conversations by replacing the underlined parts with your own words.Part C Additional ListeningA Conversation Good Luck CompanyListen to the conversation and complete the table.GOOD LUCK COMPANYScriptGood Luck CompanySecretary: Good Luck Company.Applicant: I’m calling in connection with your post of computer sale s representative. Your advertisement said that I should ring up first for an interview.Secretary: That’s right. What are your qualifications?Applicant: I have a degree in Computer Science.Secretary: Do you have any relevant work experience?Applicant: Yes, I have been a computer programmer in a trading company for three years. Secretary: Can I have your name, please?Applicant: Brian TongSecretary: Okay, I’ve written down your information and I’ll pass this on to our personnel department for further consideration before we decide whether there will be aninterview with you.Applicant: When would you let me know the result?Secretary: In about two weeks’ time, I think. How can I contact you, Mr Tong?Applicant: You can call me at my office at 3883-9673 during office hours.Secretary: 3-8-8-3-9-6-7-3. Okay, I’ll let you know the result when I hear from the personnel department.Applicant: Thank you. Good-bye.Secretary: Good-bye.Part DTest Your Listening A ConversationListen to the conversation and choose the right answers to the questions you hear.ScriptM: Hello. This is Simon speaking. Is that you, Judy?W: Oh, hello, Simon. Judy here.M: Judy, I’ve got your mail. But are you sure that you can’t come to the party?W: Yes, I’m sure.M: What a pity!W: I’m sorry too, but you know how it is.M: You’ve got work to do, have you?W: I’m afraid so. It’s to do with work.M: Well, you know the saying, ‘All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.’W: Yes, I know, I know, but I’ve got to mark all the examination papers and it’s our school’s parents’ meeting on the same night as your party. I have to meet my students’ parentsand talk to them about their kids. And—you know—all the teachers have to be there. SoI’ve got to go, I’m afraid.M: Yes, yes. I see. It’s a late meeting, isn’t it?W: Well, it starts at seven-fifteen and usually goes on until about 10.M: Oh, well, if the meeting ends early, come along.W: I will. Thanks, Simon. Bye!M: Bye!1.Why is Simon calling Judy?a.He wants to know what Judy is busy with.b.He wants to make sure that Judy really can’t come to his party.c.He wants to know why Judy can’t come to the party.d.He wants to persuade Judy to come to his party.2.Why can’t Judy go to Sam’s party?a.She has some work to do at home.b.She has to write a paper.c.She has to go to a teachers’ meeting at school.d.She has to meet her students’ parents.3.How long will the meeting probably last?a.About 2 hours.b.Well over 2 hours.c. A little over 4 hours.d.Over 3 hours.4.What do you know about Judy from the conversation?a.She‘s a responsible teacher.b.She’s a strict teacher.c.She’s popular with her students.d.She enjoys teaching.。

英语选修八小课文及翻译第三单元-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1Unit3 ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL 亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔Alexander Graham Bell was born in 1847 in Scotland, but when he was young his family moved to Boston, USA.亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔1847年出生于苏格兰。

但在他还小的时候，他家就搬到了美国的波士顿。

His mother was almost entirely deaf, so Alexander became interested in helping deaf people communicate and in deaf education.他的母亲几乎全聋了，因此他有志于帮助聋人交流，并从事聋人教育事业。

This interest led him to invent the microphone. 这一爱好促使他发明了麦克风。

He found that by pressing his lips against his mother's forehead, he could make his mother understand what he was saying.他发现他把嘴唇放在母亲的额头上，并以一定的方式来移动额骨，就可以使她听懂他所说的话。

He believed that one should always be curious and his most famous saying was: 他认为一个人应该总是有好奇心理。

他最有名的一句话是："Leave the beaten track occasionally and dive into the woods.偶尔离开平路去寻求困境。