福师1203考试批次《学前儿童语言教育》复习题及参考答案复习课程

.1.（）指儿童在接受学校教育之前，获得的有关符号和文字在功能、形式和规则上的意识，并在有目的、有意义的情景中初步习得符号与文字的能力。

A.前阅读B前识字C前书写D.前表达2.《3—6岁儿童学习与发展指南》中“语言领域”的“阅读与书写准备”目标分别对不同年龄阶段的幼儿提出了不同的要求，要求（）的幼儿“能理解图书上的文字是和图画对应的，是用来表达画面意义的”。

A2～3岁B.3～4岁C.4～5岁D.5～6岁3.（）的核心经验主要指幼儿能理解符号与文字的功能和意义，具体表现为：知道符号和文字能够表达一定的意义；知道文字有记录的作用，能够将口头语言或意义记录下来；理解文字和符号跟口头语言之间的对应关系。

A.文字功能意识B.文字规则意识C.文字形式意识D.文字书写意识4.（）的核心经验主要指幼儿获得对文字，尤其是母语文字独特性的认识。

具体表现为：知道文字与图画和其他视觉符号是有区别的；知道汉字是方块字，由部件构成。

A.文字功能意识B文字规则意识C.文字形式意识D.文字书写意识5.（）的核心经验主要聚焦在文字上，对以汉语为母语的幼儿来说，主要是要获得有关汉字阅读规则、汉字组成规律，并运用各种线索习得一些汉字的经验。

A.文字功能意识B.文字规则意识C文字形式意识D.文字书写意识6.（）是指儿童接受正式教育之前，采用线条、图画、符号、图示、文字等来表达自己经历、想法、意图、故事等书写内容的一种书面表达形式或活动。

A.前阅读B.前识字C.前书写D.前表达7.（）是人们根据交际目的和语言情境恰当、灵活地使用语言，具体表现为在不同的场合，根据不同的交往目的，能够理解不同句子的含义。

A.语言运用 B.语言形式C.语言内容D.语言能力8.“关键期”最早由奥地利的习性学家（）对动物的“印刻现象”进行研究后提出，指的是个体在发展过程中最易习得某种能力的时期。

A.格塞尔B.劳伦兹C.蒙台梭利D.华生9.重视（）的主题设计往往根据内容逻辑，设计好相关的板块，形成相应的小主题，在小主题下根据学习活动、区域活动、生活活动等板块设计包括健康、语言、科学、艺术、社会五大领域在内的活动。

2023年自考专业(学前教育)《学前儿童语言教育》考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【问答题】行为管理前瞻策略2.【单选题】.幼儿学会谈话的第一步是（）A.自言自语B.倾听C.交谈D.讲述3.【单选题】______是指那些与0-6 岁儿童的心理发展水平及接受能力和阅读能力相适应的各类文学作品的总称。

A.幼儿文学作品B.少儿文学作品C.儿童文学作品D.小孩文学作品4.【单选题】设计幼儿园语言教育活动时，应以()为主。

A.教育目标B.教师期望C.儿童发展目标D.社会要求5.【判断题】婴儿都很喜欢反复听同一故事，几乎百听不厌。

6.7.【判断题】讲述的语言要求比谈话的语言要求高，并且建立在一般交谈的语言基础之上。

8.【单选题】根据不同的维度，学前儿童语言教育评价的主要方法有实地观察评价法和______，自我评价法和他人评价法。

A.书面评价法B.电话调查法C.间接信息评价法D.口头评价法9.【问答题】为什么说语言是人类最重要的交际工具?10.【单选题】用口头语言把人物的经历、行为或事情发生、发展、变化讲述出来，就是( )。

A.描述性讲述B.叙事性讲述C.议论性讲述D.情景表演讲述11.【判断题】儿童语言发展又称语言获得，指儿童对母语的产生和理解能力不随时间的推移而发生变化的过程和现象。

12.【判断题】在谈话活动中，教师要做示范，给幼儿一些提示，及时纠正幼儿说话时用词造句的错误。

13.【单选题】前语言期是一个儿童在语言获得过程中的（）A.语义核心敏感期B.词语核心敏感期C.语音核心敏感期D.语法核心敏感期14.【判断题】双词句结构不完整，句子成分常常缺漏，表达的意思也不明确，所以不具备句子的雏形。

（）15.【判断题】学前儿童语言教育内容必须依据学前儿童语言教育的目标来确定。

16.【问答题】讲述活动有哪些特点？17.【单选题】以下不属于优秀的幼儿故事在文学性上的特征的是（）。

A.要有鲜明的人物形象B.要有生动的故事情节C.要有幼儿生活化的词汇D.要富有儿童趣味18.【判断题】仿编是通过想象和联想，对原作的某些部分进行扩充。

福师《学前儿童语言教育》在线作业一满分答案福师《学前儿童语言教育》在线作业一试卷总分:100得分:100一、单选题A.行为主义B.先天论C.认知相互作用论D.社会相互作用论正确答案:C2.幼儿园早期阅读活动可以帮助幼儿获得（）、前识字经验和前书写经验。

A.前图书制作经验B.前绘画经验C.前文字辨认经验D.前图书阅读经验正确答案:D3.在幼儿园，教师常常采用（）的活动形式来帮助幼儿理解体验具体文学作品。

A.故事编构B.故事复述C.故事表演游戏D. .自发游戏正确答案:C4.在帮助幼儿深入理解体验作品内涵时，最重要的是让幼儿切身地感受作品所展示的（）A.情感心理和精神世界B.言语结构C.故事情节D.人物形象满分：2分正确答案:A5.文学活动培养幼儿创造性运用语言的主要途径有仿编、想象讲述和（）。

A.儿歌背诵B. .歌曲表演唱C. .诗歌朗诵D.故事编构满分：2分正确答案:D6.幼儿园的语言教育()A. .很难在游戏活动中进行B.只能在日常生活中进行C. .贯串于幼儿的一日生活D.只能通过专门的语言教育活动进行满分：2分精确谜底:C7.将教育目标转化为儿童发展的中间环节是学前儿童语言教育活动的()。

A.教育手段B.教育内容C.教育形式D. .教育评价满分：2分正确答案:B8.处于句法结构发展（）阶段的儿童常常用“球球”表示“这是一个球”、“我要球球”等。

A.单词句B.电报句C.完全句D.复合句满分：2分正确答案:A9.幼儿园早期阅读活动向幼儿提供的前识字经验的具体内容包括（）。

A.图书制作的经验B.理解文字功能、作用的经验C.晓得誊写汉字的工具D.了解书写的最初步规则满分：2分正确答案:B10.一般而言，幼儿园常用的文学作品包括（）、童话、生活故事和幼儿散文等A.随笔B.儿童诗歌C.游记D.小说满分：2分正确答案:B11.儿童在学前时期应获得的基本阅读技能包孕观察摹拟书面言语的能力、（）和自我调适的技能。

福师1203考试批次《学前儿童美术教育》复习题及参考答案一、思考题（每题10分，共20分）1、解释阿恩海姆的视觉思维理论，举例说明。

视知觉，又称视觉思维，是一个比较新颖的概念，而这概念的提出打破了传统西方感性与理性二分的思想僵局。

视觉思维的提出不是一蹴而就的，而是继承了各家的研究而逐渐形成的概念。

到了20世纪阿恩海姆的进一步研究，视觉思维的概念才得到较为详尽的阐明。

阿恩海姆继承了韦特海默关于知觉和创造性思维的思想，进一步运用格式塔心理学的方法探究了视觉思维的理性功能，开始了探索如何弥合感知与思维、艺术与科学之裂缝的研究历程，并出版了《艺术与视知觉》、《视觉思维——审美直觉心理学》等相关书籍，使视知觉的研究到达了一个前所未有的高度。

阿恩海姆认为：“一切知觉都包含着思维，一切推理中都包含着直觉，一切观测中都包含着创造。

”而这就基本上反映了视觉思维这一概念的主要思想。

艺术建立在知觉的基础上，研究艺术首先要研究人的知觉结构。

阿恩海姆认为视觉思维在人类认识活动中是最有效的，其同样具备思维的理性功能，跟一切思维活动有更紧密的联系，所以从“完形”论出发，从视知觉及其同艺术、审美的关系这个角度上分析，在通过大量的知觉实验和艺术实践的事实，可以认为视觉并不是孤立的活动，诸心理能力在任何时候都作为一个整体活动着。

视觉乃是思维的一种基本媒介，而且视觉思维的知觉特征不仅仅限于直接的知觉范围内,广义的知觉还包括心理意象,以及这些意象同直接的感性把握之间的联系，因而它也就有了一般思维活动的认识功能。

具体来说，人类对于动势的判断也不是理性的判断思考得出来的结果，而是我们的视觉在接触到图形的一瞬间所产生的知觉判断，并不需要经过特别的加工。

而我们人类通过视觉捕捉到的现实事物的轨迹，便在人的心里产生一个意象，而意象是沟通知觉与思维的中介，将表象世界与抽象思维联系起来。

阿恩海姆认为：“思想是借助于一种更加合适的媒介——视觉意象——进行的。

福师1203考试批次《学前儿童数学教育》复习题及参考答案一一、单项选择题(每题2分,共10分)1、从数学教育总目标到数学教育活动目标的表述,是逐级的…【 3 】①概括化②笼统化③具体化④一般化2、顺口溜数数是为……教学打基础。

【 4 】①数序②序数③基数④计数3、当整体分成若干相等的部分时,份数越多则每份数越少,这是…关系。

【 1 】①函数②互补③可逆④多少4、数学区域活动的关键在于……【 2 】①教师对幼儿的观察②操作材料的投放③教师对幼儿的指导④区域活动规则的建立5、按照物体的两个特征分类的教育,可安排在……进行【 3 】①小班②中班③大班④小、中、大班二、是非判断题(每题2分,共10分)1、整体可以分成若干相等或不相等的部分,各部分之和等于整体。

这是加法和减法关系。

错误2、数的守恒教育一般安排在大班进行。

【】错误3、在量的比较中存在着可逆关系。

【】错误4、幼儿辨别形状最关键不在于“指认”,而在于“命名”。

【】错误5、幼儿对数学学习的兴趣起始于对活动内容的兴趣。

【】错误三、名词解释(每题5分,共20分)1、操作法:指提供给幼儿合适的材料、教具与环境,让幼儿在自己活动的实践过程中进行探索,并获得数学感性经验和逻辑知识的一种方法。

2、数学教学活动:学前儿童数学教学活动是指在教师领导下,有目的、有计划的组织幼儿集体参加的数学学习活动。

3、计数活动:计数活动的指导要点包括:按物点数,认识总数;感官计数,强化总数;进行各种寻找活动4、游戏法:将抽象的数学知识富于幼儿感兴趣的游戏中,让幼儿在各种自由自在、无拘无束的游戏活动中学习数学的一种方法。

四、简答题:(每题10分,共40分)1、幼儿数学教育的基本原则。

一、发展儿童思维结构的原则二、让儿童动手操作的原则三、知识的系统性和逻辑性原则四、联系儿童生活的原则五、重视个别差异的原则2、《幼儿园教育指导纲要》中科学领域的目标。

激发幼儿认识和探索环境中数量、形状等的兴趣,使他们愿意并喜欢参加数学活动。

国家开放大学《学前儿童语言教育活动指南》期末复习题参考答案第一单元学前儿童语言教育概述一、选择题1.（）是人们根据交际目的和语言情境恰当、灵活地使用语言，具体表现为在不同的场合，根据不同的交往目的，能够理解不同句子的含义。

A.语言运用B.语言形式C.语言内容D.语言能力2.“关键期”最早由奥地利的习性学家（）对动物的“印刻现象”进行研究后提出，指的是个体在发展过程中最易习得某种能力的时期。

A.格塞尔B.劳伦兹C.蒙台梭利D.华生3.意大利儿童教育家（）将关键期称为“敏感期”，认为在敏感期中幼儿最容易吸收外界环境中的事物，发展某种心理能力。

A.格塞尔B.劳伦兹C.蒙台梭利D.华生4.以（）和勒内伯格等人为代表的语言发展先天论的观点认为，儿童语言的发展是自然成熟的过程，是人类基因自然展开的结果。

A.阿尔伯特B.布鲁纳C.斯金纳D.乔姆斯基5.以阿尔伯特和斯金纳等人为代表的（）认为语言是在环境和强化的过程中获得的，儿童通过模仿他人的话语和运用来学习语言。

A.认知主义者B.结构主义者C.行为主义者D.人文主义者6.以布鲁纳和（）等人为代表的社会交互作用论者认为，儿童的语言是在社会交往中学习和发展的，儿童从一出生就有着与他人交往的需要，期待说话。

A.阿尔伯特B.班杜拉C.斯金纳D.乔姆斯基二、判断题1.语言是以语音或符号形象为载体、以词为基本单位、以语法为构造规则而形成的一种符号系统。

（√）2.语言包括语言形式、语言内容以及语言运用三个方面。

（√）3.学前儿童语言教育是根据学前儿童语言发展和语言学习的特点，通过创设丰富的语言交往环境，组织多样化的语言活动，促进学前儿童语言能力全面发展的教育。

（√）4.6岁“狼孩”在被解救时未能发展出人类的语言，但通过后天训练，“狼孩”可以再获得人类的语言，具有正常的语言发展水平。

（×）5.“双语”在教育中指的是两种语言同等重要、共同使用的语言环境，在儿童语言发展能力上表现为能同时产生和使用两种语言的能力。

福师1203考试批次《学前儿童艺术欣赏》复习题及参考答案一一、解答题（80%）：1、汉代画像石与画像砖艺术是中国古代艺术的奇葩，它们有哪些独特之处？其中有一画像砖表达的是民间人民田间劳动生活场景，请说出其名称和收藏博物馆的名称？知识点：秦汉画像砖教材页码：P272、魏晋画家对绘画自觉意识的追求很自然地体现在形式的表象上，绘画的形式技巧有了进一步的发展。

举例说明该阶段具有代表性的三位人物，及他们绘画技法上的特征？并指出其中二位画家确定的中国绘画理论最早、最基本系统原则的理论名称？知识点：魏晋南北朝的绘画教材页码：P333、隋代展子虔唯一传世山水作品是哪一幅？由哪个博物馆收藏？后人如何评价展氏为中国绘画史从六朝过渡到隋唐重要的一环。

知识点：隋代的绘画教材页码：P434、隋唐之际的山水画，在面貌和技法上开启了青绿和水墨两个系统。

在此，明代董其昌论及“南北宗”流派代表人物指的是谁？他们各自的技法表现为哪些特点？知识点：隋唐的绘画教材页码：P435、新石器时代彩陶纹饰由具象到抽象的演变与儿童线描绘画样式的变化有没有相同之处？知识点：新石器时代的彩陶装饰纹样6、《人物龙凤图》和《人物御龙图》的出土的历史意义。

知识点：战国时期的绘画教材页码：P187、秦汉时期四川地区画像砖的特点是什么？举一个例子说明。

知识点：秦汉画像砖参考答案:题材触及面广，形式简朴概括（但有些呆板、拘谨），技法丰富活泼（如刻画人物形象准确、活泼、动作姿态多变、自然等）。

举例自己选择。

<教材页码：P278、魏晋南北朝时期的“魏晋风度”具有什么含义？举例说明。

知识点：魏晋南北朝的绘画教材页码：P33二、思考题（20%）：古老的原始绘画，如岩画、彩陶等纹饰由具象到抽象的演变与儿童线描绘画样式的变化有没有相同之处？请简单勾勒图形举例说明（可以参照书3—5页中岩画与彩陶纹样图，与儿童画进行比较）。

教材页码:P3-5 考核知识点：彩陶装饰纹样福师1203考试批次《学前儿童艺术欣赏》复习题及参考答案二一、解答题（80%）：1、梅兰竹菊“四君子”画对中国绘画的发展具有重大意义。

福师1203考试批次《学前儿童美术教育》复习题及参考答案本课程复习题所提供的答案仅供学员在复习过程中参考之用，有问题请到课程论坛提问。

本复习题页码标注所用教材为：教材名称作者出版社版次定价学前儿童美术教育林琳　华东师范大学出版社 2006年版27.00　如学员使用其他版本教材，请参考相关知识点福师1203考试批次《学前儿童美术教育》复习题及参考答案一一、思考题（每题10分，共20分）1、解释阿恩海姆的视觉思维理论，举例说明。

答：阿恩海姆的理论主要集中在研究探索美术如何与视知觉和视思维联系在一起的。

按阿恩海姆的理论，知觉就是形成知觉概念的过程，或者说，知觉就是对物结构特征的把握。

儿童美术作品中最大的特点：儿童具有本能地能够大幅度简约（尚未分化）物体的，画出了具有完美简洁（等同物）的对称、统一、和谐的美感的形象。

（1）视知觉——等同物 举例：要求儿童绘制一个人物的头部。

（2）视思维——分化 案例：儿童先会画圆，然后才会画矩形。

2、解释里德的艺术与教育完全交融合的理论，举例说明。

答:里德在《通过艺术的教育》中主张通过艺术教育促进儿童人格的发展，认为儿童生来具有艺术潜能，并具有不同的表现类型。

教师应按儿童的类型进行指导，以发展儿童的个性。

里德认为儿童的发展应借助艺术教育即： （1）艺术应为教育的基础。

（2）儿童在游戏活动中学习艺术，游戏视为艺术的一种形式。

（3）艺术教育不仅是一种完成个人化的历程，而且是一种统整的历程。

基于里德对艺术的这种认识，基于里德认定教育不仅是一种完成个人的历程，而且是一种统整的历程，我们不难理解里德的所谓艺术即教育，教育即艺术，艺术与教育完全交互融合，教育应以艺术作为基础的命题。

二、思考题（每题10分，共60分）1、怎样把握儿童美术的特征和表现形式？具体的表现形式有那些？答：儿童美术的特征和表现方式在儿童美术发展的过程中不是静态的、一成不变的，而是一个动态的、由简单到复杂、由不分化到分化的发展过程。

福师1203考试批次《现代语⾔学》复习题及参考答案福师1203考试批次《现代语⾔学》复习题及参考答案⼀本课程复习题所提供的答案仅供学员在复习过程中参考之⽤，有问题请到课程论坛提问如学员使⽤其他版本教材，请参考相关知识点1.Sometimes bound morphemes can be used by themselves.2.There is a three-word sentence stage in first language acquisition.3. A simple sentence consists of a single clause which contains asubject and a predicate and stands alone as its own sentence. 4. A locutionary act is the act of conveying literal meaning by meansof syntax, lexicon, and phonology./doc/c31823e3cc2f0066f5335a8102d276a200296004.html nguage is entirely arbitrary.6.The naming theory of meaning was proposed by the ancient Greekscholar Plato./doc/c31823e3cc2f0066f5335a8102d276a200296004.html pounding is the addition of affixes to stems to form new words.8.All utterances take the form of sentences.9.Suffixes modify the meaning of the original word and in many caseschange its part of speech.10.The most basic element of meaning is traditionally called morpheme. II. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement.1.The pharynx refers to the space of cavity between the larynx and theend of ____.A. tongueB. hard palateC. soft palateD. vocal cords2.Morphemes that represent “tense”, “number”, “gender”,A. inflectionalB. boundC. freeD. derivational3. The fact that ability to speak a language is transmitted from generation to generation by a process of learning, and not genetically is usually referred to as ____.A. performanceB. language acquisitionC. cultural transmissionD. competence4. The sound [s] and [z] are the results of air escaping under frication between tongue and ____ before passing through the teeth.A. hard palateB. uvulaC. alveolar ridgeD. soft palate5.____ deals with language application to other fields, particularlyeducation.A. Linguistic geographyB. Applied linguisticsC. SociolinguisticsD. Comparative linguistics6. Vowels that are produced between the positions for a front and back vowel are called ____ vowels.A. openB. closeC. frontD. central7、______ is defined as a conscious process of accumulating knowledge of a second language usually obtained in school settings.A. CompetenceB. PerformanceC. LearningD. Acquisition8、______ act theory is an important theory in the pragmaticstudy of language.C. SoundD. Spoken9. A ______ analysis of an utterance will reveal what thespeaker intends to do with it.A. semanticB. syntacticC. pragmaticD. grammatical10.The most basic element of meaning is traditionally callen______A. morphemeB. syntacticC. pragmaticD. grammaticalIII. Dissect the following words into morphemes. (2*5=10)1. though _______________ _______考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-222. speeches _________________ _____ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-223. geography ___________ ___________ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-224、morpheme___________ ___________ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-225、syntactic___________ ___________ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-22 IV. Define the following terms. (5*6=30)1. the telegraphic stage考核知识点：language acquisition，参见P482. language考核知识点：language ，参见P33. discreteness考核知识点：discreteness参见P94. vowel考核知识点：vowel，参见P145. internal structure考核知识点：internal structure，参见P22V. Answer the following questions. (15*2=30)1. Why do we say language is arbitrary?考核知识点：arbitrary，参见P5use linguistic symbols which are originally meaningless to refer to something meaningful．There is no physical，’logical or natural connection between the symbolic signs used in language and the meaning they stand for．It is inexplicable．Wecan’t explain why the English people use‘'water'’to refer to the stuff in this bottle．Similarly,we can’t explain why the Chinese people use“⽔”to refer to the stuff．So language is arbitrary in nature．2. What’s the difference between langue and parole?考核知识点：langue and parole，参见P3-10参考答案要点：Language is full ofvarieties：no two speakers speak in an identical manner；no two speakers have an identical learning experience．Language consists in its varieties，that is to say,language is realized through its varieties(cp．the relation．between fruit and apple，between phoneme and allophones and phones and between langue and parole．福师1203考试批次《现代语⾔学》复习题及参考答案⼆本课程复习题所提供的答案仅供学员在复习过程中参考之⽤，有问题请到课程论坛提问如学员使⽤其他版本教材，请参考相关知识点I. Decide whether each statement is true (T) or false (F). (15 points,1.5 points for each)1、Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language..2、Language is not only linearly-structured.3、Linguistic performance is essentially a social phenomenon and alsoa context-dependent behavior.4、General linguistics studies the basic concepts, theories,5、descriptions, models and methods applicable are not in any linguistic study.6、Some languages are not superior to other languages.7、Compounding is the addition of affixes to stems to form new words.8、 Not all utterances take the form of sentences.9、Morphemes modify the meaning of the original word and in many cases change its part of speech.10、The most basic element of meaning is traditionally called morphe. 参考答案：1-5 F T F T F 6-10 T F T T FII. Choose the ONE choice that best completes each statement. (20 points,2 points for each)1.Whcih of the following best states the behaviorist view of childlanguage acquisition?_______.A. Language acquisition is a process of habit formationB. Language acquisition is the species-specific property of humanbeingsC. Children are born with an innate ability to acquire language2.The pair of words "lend"and "borrow"are ___.A.gradable oppositesB.relational oppositesC.co-hyponymsD.synonyms参考答案B3. The discovery of Indo-European language family began with the workof the British scholar .A.Jacob GrimmB.Rasmus RaskC.Franz BoppD.Sir William Jones参考答案D4. A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as __.A.unusualB.something to be fearedC.abnormalD.natural参考答案D5. __produce fast and fluent speech with good intonation andpronunciation but the content of their speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete nonsense,often as unintelligible.A.Broca"s aphasicB.The linguistic deprivationC.The damage on the angular gyrusD.Wernicke"s aphasic参考答案D6.Some Southern learners of English in China tend to say "night" as"light".This shows: .A.They cannot pronounce/n/B. Interlangue interference because there is notthe sound /n/in theirmother tongueC.The teachers do not have a good teaching methodD.They do not like to pronounce nasal sounds参考答案BA.a polysemousB.a synonymousC.an abnormalD.a multiple参考答案A8.. The function of the sentence "A nice day, isn"t it?"is __./doc/c31823e3cc2f0066f5335a8102d276a200296004.html rmativeB.phaticC.directiveD.performative参考答案B9. The most recognizable differences between American English andBritish English are in __ and vocabulary./doc/c31823e3cc2f0066f5335a8102d276a200296004.html ageB.grammarC.pronunciationD.structure 参考答案C10. __deals with the way in which a language varies through geographicalspace.A.Linguistic geographyB.LexicologyC.LexicographyD.Sociolinguistics参考答案AIII. Define each of the following terms. (30 points, 6 points for each) 1. phonetics考核知识点：phonetics，参见P122. phoneme考核知识点：phoneme，参见P163. stress考核知识点：stress，参见P174.reference考核知识点：reference，参见P355. idiolect考核知识点：idiolect，参见P411. How, in your opinion, does pragmatics differ from semantics?考核知识点：pragmatics and semantics，参见P28-35参考答案要点：Pragmatics is the study of the meaning which is not included in semantics and whose interpretation is dependent on its social contexts．Semantics is the science of meaning．Semantics is concemed t11 encoding and decoding of meaning，(finding out how people encode their meaning and how people try to interpret their meaning)，identifying and classifying meanings，lexical meaning，sentential meaning，and utterance2. What’s the difference between sense and reference?考核知识点：sense and reference，参见P35参考答案要点：There are two different meanings of meaning：sense(the meaning that relates linguistic forms with what is in the non．1inguisticworld)and reference(the meaning that lies in the relation or contrasts among linguistic forms themselves，i．e．how the meanings are divided by the different linguistic forms／how different linguistic forms may be used to express meanings)．3. Explain language production with some examples.考核知识点：language production，参见P51参考答案要点：Language production is more difficult to study than language comprehension for the following reasons：the way thoughts are turned into speech(We don’t know how thoughts are turned intospeech．)；indirect approach through analyzing errors in speech production(We can only use this indirect approach to infer from these errors how we produce speech．)Following Carroll’s model of speech production,there are four stages：construction of thought to be expressed(You must have something in your mind to be expressed)，formation ofthought into linguistic forms(When you have some thought,you should turn it into linguistic forms)，construction of a motor command for the utterance(You need to prepare the command for the speech organs to speak)，execution ofthat motor command(You’re actually saying what you want to say)．福师1203考试批次《现代语⾔学》复习题及参考答案三本课程复习题所提供的答案仅供学员在复习过程中参考之⽤，有问题请到课程论坛提问如学员使⽤其他版本教材，请参考相关知识点I. Decide whether each statement is true (T) or false (F). (15 points,1.5 points for each)11.Sometimes bound morphemes can be used by themselves.12.There is a three-word sentence stage in first language acquisition.13.A simple sentence consists of a single clause which contains asubject and a predicate and stands alone as its own sentence. 14.A locutionary act is the act of conveying literal meaning by meansof syntax, lexicon, and phonology./doc/c31823e3cc2f0066f5335a8102d276a200296004.html nguage is entirely arbitrary.16.Articulatory phonetics that studies speech sounds from a physicaltransmission.17.In speech sound production, lower part of the oral cavity arerelatively stable and function as a foil to the upper part in itsarticulatory movements.18.Consonants are sounds made by a closure or narrowing somewhere inthe vocal tract.19.Stress may play different functions in different languages.20.Affixation changes the grammatical class of the word.参考答案1-5 F T F T F 6-10 F F T T FII. Choose the ONE choice that best completes each statement. (20 points, 2 points for each) 3.The pharynx refers to the space of cavity between the larynx and theend of ______.A. tongueB. hard palateC. soft palateD. vocal cords4.Morphemes that represent “tense”, “number”, “gender”,“case” and so forth are called ______ morphemes.A. inflectionalB. boundC. freeD. derivational3. The fact that ability to speak a language is transmitted fromgeneration to generation by a process of learning, and not geneticallyis usually referred to as ______.A. performanceB. language acquisitionC. cultural transmissionD. competence4. The sound [s] and [z] are the results of air escaping under fricationbetween tongue and ______ before passing through the teeth.A. hard palateB. uvulaC. alveolar ridge6.______ deals with language application to other fields, particularly education.A. Linguistic geographyB. Applied linguisticsC. SociolinguisticsD. Comparative linguistics6. Language has that distinguish it from other semiotic systemsused by humans and animals.A. functionB. design featuresC. importanceD. performance7. the main source of energy for speaking, initiating the airflowfor speech, hence pulmonic airstream mechanism.A. MouthB. HeartC. NoseD. Lung8. The phones that can be grouped together as variants of one phoneme have to be similarA. phoneticallyB. phonologicallyC. soundD. seem9. morpheme is a morpheme that contributes to the lexical meaningof the word.A. FunctionalB. LexicalC. GrammaticalD. Performative10. According to , language determines the framework of speaker’s perception and thought.A. Sapir-Whorf HypothesisB. Positivist theoryD. Speech Acts theory 参考答案1-5 C A D A B 6-10 B D AB AIII. Define each of the following terms. (30 points, 6 points for each) 1. pragmatics考核知识点：pragmatics，参见P352. semantics考核知识点：semantics，参见P283. phonology考核知识点：phonology，参见P154. linguistics考核知识点：linguistics，参见P105. syntax考核知识点：syntax，参见P22Answer the following questions. (35 points)1. What is psycholinguistics?考核知识点：psycholinguistics，参见P48参考答案要点：Psycholinguistics is the study of the relation between language and mind，especially language acquisition and learning，and language comprehension and production．2. What’s the difference between free morpheme and bound morpheme? 考核知识点：free morpheme and bound morpheme，参见P20参考答案要点：Morpheme may also be classified according to their role in word formation．Inflectional morpheme is a bound morpheme that shows the inflectional changes of the wordand that expresses a certain grammatical meaning．Most of inflectional morphemes in English arerealized through their allomorphs，e．g．{past tense}-->⼀ed,⼀d，…An inflectional morpheme doesnot change the grammatical class ofthe word，e．g．{change)change is a verb，and{change)+{pasttense)is still a verb．Derivational morpheme is a morpheme that is added to a word to form a new word．Derivational morpheme may be a bound morpheme such as affixes，but it may also be a freemorpheme such as those used to form a compound．There are six key terms used in derivational3. Explain pidgin and creole with some examples.考核知识点：pidgin and creole，参见P43参考答案要点：Pidgin refers to a kind of lingua franca which is also known as“marginal language”．It has areduced grammatical structure，lexicon and stylistic range and has no native speakers．Theformation of a pidgin usually involves two or more speech communities and requires considerable motivation on the part of the speaker．Pidgin usually flourishes in areas of economic development and of substantial trading among different speech communities．Pidgin English used in trading among the English and the Chinese in Shanghai in the old days．Pidgin English used in Asia in trading includes elements from Malay,Chinese andPortuguese．Creole refers to the pidgin which has developed from a mixture oflanguages and expanded in its vocabulary,grammar and。

福师1203考试批次《现代语⾔学》复习题及参考答案学习资料福师1203考试批次《现代语⾔学》复习题及参考答案⼀本课程复习题所提供的答案仅供学员在复习过程中参考之⽤，有问题请到课程论坛提问本复习题页码标注所⽤教材为：如学员使⽤其他版本教材，请参考相关知识点1.Sometimes bound morphemes can be used by themselves.2.There is a three-word sentence stage in first language acquisition.3. A simple sentence consists of a single clause which contains asubject and a predicate and stands alone as its own sentence. 4. A locutionary act is the act of conveying literal meaning by meansof syntax, lexicon, and phonology./doc/b817278034.htmlnguage is entirely arbitrary.6.The naming theory of meaning was proposed by the ancient Greekscholar Plato./doc/b817278034.htmlpounding is the addition of affixes to stems to form new words.8.All utterances take the form of sentences.9.Suffixes modify the meaning of the original word and in many cases change itspart of speech.10.The most basic element of meaning is traditionally called morpheme.II. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement.1.The pharynx refers to the space of cavity between the larynx and theend of ____.A. tongueB. hard palateC. soft palateD. vocal cords2.Morphemes that represent “tense”, “number”, “gender”,“case” and so forth are called ____ morphemes.A. inflectionalB. boundC. freeD. derivational3. The fact that ability to speak a language is transmitted from generation to generation by a process of learning, and not genetically is usually referred to as ____.A. performanceB. language acquisitionC. cultural transmissionD. competence4. The sound [s] and [z] are the results of air escaping under frication between tongue and ____ before passing through the teeth.A. hard palateB. uvulaC. alveolar ridgeD. soft palate5.____ deals with language application to other fields, particularlyeducation.A. Linguistic geographyB. Applied linguisticsC. SociolinguisticsD. Comparative linguistics6. Vowels that are produced between the positions for a front and back vowel are called ____ vowels.A. openB. closeC. frontD. central7、______ is defined as a conscious process of accumulatingknowledge of a second language usually obtained in schoolsettings.A. CompetenceB. PerformanceC. LearningD. Acquisition8、______ act theory is an important theory in the pragmaticstudy of language.A. SpeakingB. SpeechC. SoundD. Spoken9. A ______ analysis of an utterance will reveal what thespeaker intends to do with it.A. semanticB. syntacticC. pragmaticD. grammatical10.The most basic element of meaning is traditionally callen______A. morphemeB. syntacticC. pragmaticD. grammaticalIII. Dissect the following words into morphemes. (2*5=10)1. though _______________ _______ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-222. speeches _________________ _____ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-223. geography ___________ ___________ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-224、morpheme___________ ___________ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-225、syntactic___________ ___________ 考核知识点：morpheme，参见P19-22IV. Define the following terms. (5*6=30)1. the telegraphic stage考核知识点：language acquisition，参见P482. language考核知识点：language ，参见P33. discreteness考核知识点：discreteness参见P94. vowel考核知识点：vowel，参见P145. internal structure考核知识点：internal structure，参见P22V. Answer the following questions. (15*2=30)1. Why do we say language is arbitrary?考核知识点：arbitrary，参见P5参考答案要点：Arbitrariness in narrow sense refers to the lack of physical，logical or natural connection(i．e．the inexplicability of the relationship)between individual linguistic symbols and the meanings they symbolize．We know people use linguistic symbols which are originally meaningless to refer to something meaningful．There is no physical，’logical or natural connection between the symbolic signs used in language and the meaning they stand for．It is inexplicable．We can’t explain why the English people use‘'water'’to refer to the stuff in this bottle．Similarly,we can’t explain why the Chinesepeople use“⽔”to refer to the stuff．So language is arbitrary in nature．2. What’s the difference between langue and parole?考核知识点：langue and parole，参见P3-10参考答案要点：Language is full ofvarieties：no two speakers speak in an identical manner；no two speakers have an identical learning experience．Language consists in its varieties，that is to say,language is realized through its varieties(cp．the relation．between fruit andapple，between phoneme and allophones and phones and between langue and parole．福师1203考试批次《现代语⾔学》复习题及参考答案⼆本课程复习题所提供的答案仅供学员在复习过程中参考之⽤，有问题请到课程论坛提问本复习题页码标注所⽤教材为：如学员使⽤其他版本教材，请参考相关知识点I. Decide whether each statement is true (T) or false (F). (15 points, 1.5 points for each)1、Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language..2、Language is not only linearly-structured.3、Linguistic performance is essentially a social phenomenon and also a context-dependent behavior.4、General linguistics studies the basic concepts, theories,5、descriptions, models and methods applicable are not in any linguistic study.6、Some languages are not superior to other languages.7、Compounding is the addition of affixes to stems to form new words.8、 Not all utterances take the form of sentences.9、Morphemes modify the meaning of the original word and in many cases change its part of speech.10、The most basic element of meaning is traditionally called morphe.参考答案：1-5 F T F T F 6-10 T F T T FII. Choose the ONE choice that best completes each statement. (20 points, 2 points for each)1.Whcih of the following best states the behaviorist view of child languageacquisition?_______.A. Language acquisition is a process of habit formationB. Language acquisition is the species-specific property of human beingsC. Children are born with an innate ability to acquire languageD. Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use参考答案B2.The pair of words "lend"and "borrow"are ___.A.gradable oppositesB.relational oppositesC.co-hyponymsD.synonyms参考答案B3. The discovery of Indo-European language family began with the work of theBritish scholar .A.Jacob GrimmB.Rasmus RaskC.Franz BoppD.Sir William Jones参考答案D4. A linguist regards the changes in language and language use as __.A.unusualB.something to be fearedC.abnormalD.natural参考答案D5. __produce fast and fluent speech with good intonation and pronunciation but thecontent of their speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete nonsense,often as unintelligible.A.Broca"s aphasicB.The linguistic deprivationC.The damage on the angular gyrusD.Wernicke"s aphasic参考答案D6.Some Southern learners of English in China tend to say "night" as "light".Thisshows: .A.They cannot pronounce/n/B. Interlangue interference because there is notthe sound /n/in their mothertongueC.The teachers do not have a good teaching methodD.They do not like to pronounce nasal sounds参考答案B7.. A word with several meanings is called __word.A.a polysemousB.a synonymousC.an abnormalD.a multiple参考答案A8.. The function of the sentence "A nice day, isn"t it?"is __./doc/b817278034.htmlrmativeB.phaticC.directiveD.performative参考答案B9. The most recognizable differences between American English and BritishEnglish are in __ and vocabulary./doc/b817278034.htmlageB.grammarC.pronunciationD.structure参考答案C10. __deals with the way in which a language varies through geographical space.A.Linguistic geographyB.LexicologyC.LexicographyD.Sociolinguistics参考答案AIII. Define each of the following terms. (30 points, 6 points for each)1. phonetics考核知识点：phonetics，参见P122. phoneme考核知识点：phoneme，参见P163. stress考核知识点：stress，参见P174.reference考核知识点：reference，参见P355. idiolect考核知识点：idiolect，参见P41Answer the following questions. (35 points)1. How, in your opinion, does pragmatics differ from semantics?考核知识点：pragmatics and semantics，参见P28-35参考答案要点：Pragmatics is the study of the meaning which is not included in semantics and whose interpretation is dependent on its social contexts．Semantics is the science of meaning．Semantics is concemed t11 encoding and decoding of meaning，(finding out how people encode their meaning and how people try to interpret their meaning)，identifying and classifying meanings，lexical meaning，sentential meaning，and utterance2. What’s the difference between sense and reference?考核知识点：sense and reference，参见P35参考答案要点：There are two different meanings of meaning：sense(themeaning that relates linguistic forms with what is in the non．1inguistic world)and reference(the meaning that lies in the relation or contrasts among linguistic forms themselves，i．e．how the meanings are divided by the different linguistic forms ／how different linguistic forms may be used to express meanings)．3. Explain language production with some examples.考核知识点：language production，参见P51参考答案要点：Language production is more difficult to study than language comprehension for the following reasons：the way thoughts are turned into speech(We don’t know how thoughts ar e turned intospeech．)；indirect approach through analyzing errors in speech production(We can only use this indirect approach to infer from these errors how we producespeech．)Following Carroll’s model of speech production,there are four stages：construction of thought to be expressed(You must have something in your mind to be expressed)，formation ofthought into linguistic forms(When you have some thought,you should turn it into linguistic forms)，construction of a motor command for the utterance(You need to prepare the command for the speech organs tospeak)，execution ofthat motor command(You’re actually saying what you want to say)．福师1203考试批次《现代语⾔学》复习题及参考答案三本课程复习题所提供的答案仅供学员在复习过程中参考之⽤，有问题请到课程论坛提问本复习题页码标注所⽤教材为：如学员使⽤其他版本教材，请参考相关知识点I. Decide whether each statement is true (T) or false (F). (15 points, 1.5 points for each)11.Sometimes bound morphemes can be used by themselves.12.There is a three-word sentence stage in first language acquisition.13.A simple sentence consists of a single clause which contains asubject and a predicate and stands alone as its own sentence. 14.A locutionary act is the act of conveying literal meaning by meansof syntax, lexicon, and phonology./doc/b817278034.htmlnguage is entirely arbitrary.16.Articulatory phonetics that studies speech sounds from a physicalpoint of view, focusing on their physical properties in transmission.17.In speech sound production, lower part of the oral cavity arerelatively stable and function as a foil to the upper part in its articulatory movements.18.Consonants are sounds made by a closure or narrowing somewhere inthe vocal tract.19.Stress may play different functions in different languages.20.Affixation changes the grammatical class of the word.参考答案1-5 F T F T F 6-10 F F T T FII. Choose the ONE choice that best completes each statement. (20 points, 2 points for each)3.The pharynx refers to the space of cavity between the larynx and theend of ______.A. tongueB. hard palateC. soft palateD. vocal cords4.Morphemes that represent “tense”, “number”, “gender”,“case” and so forth are called ______ morphemes.A. inflectionalB. boundC. freeD. derivational3. The fact that ability to speak a language is transmitted from generation to generation by a process of learning, and not genetically is usually referred to as ______.A. performanceB. language acquisitionC. cultural transmissionD. competence4. The sound [s] and [z] are the results of air escaping under frication between tongue and ______ before passing through the teeth.A. hard palateB. uvulaC. alveolar ridgeD. soft palate6.______ deals with language application to other fields, particularlyeducation.A. Linguistic geographyB. Applied linguisticsC. SociolinguisticsD. Comparative linguistics6. Language has that distinguish it from other semiotic systemsused by humans and animals.B. design featuresC. importanceD. performance7. the main source of energy for speaking, initiating the airflowfor speech, hence pulmonic airstream mechanism.A. MouthB. HeartC. NoseD. Lung8. The phones that can be grouped together as variants of one phoneme have to be similarA. phoneticallyB. phonologicallyC. soundD. seem9. morpheme is a morpheme that contributes to the lexical meaningof the word.A. FunctionalB. LexicalC. GrammaticalD. Performative10. According to , language deter mines the framework of speaker’s perception and thought.A. Sapir-Whorf HypothesisB. Positivist theoryC. Use theoryD. Speech Acts theory 参考答案1-5 C A D A B 6-10 B D AB AIII. Define each of the following terms. (30 points, 6 points for each)1. pragmatics考核知识点：pragmatics，参见P352. semantics考核知识点：semantics，参见P283. phonology考核知识点：phonology，参见P15考核知识点：linguistics，参见P105. syntax考核知识点：syntax，参见P22Answer the following questions. (35 points)1. What is psycholinguistics?考核知识点：psycholinguistics，参见P48参考答案要点：Psycholinguistics is the study of the relation between language and mind，especially language acquisition and learning，and language comprehension and production．2. What’s the difference between free morpheme and bound morpheme?考核知识点：free morpheme and bound morpheme，参见P20参考答案要点：Morpheme may also be classified according to their role in word formation．Inflectional morpheme is a bound morpheme that shows the inflectional changes of the wordand that expresses a certain grammatical meaning．Most of inflectional morphemes in English arerealized through their allomorphs，e．g．{past tense}-->⼀ed,⼀d，…Aninflectional morpheme doesnot change the grammatical class ofthe word，e．g．{change)change is a verb，and{change)+{pasttense)is still a verb．Derivational morpheme is a morpheme that is added to a word to form a new word．Derivational morpheme may be a bound morpheme such as affixes，but it may also be a freemorpheme such as those used to form a compound．There are six key terms used in derivational3. Explain pidgin and creole with some examples.考核知识点：pidgin and creole，参见P43参考答案要点：Pidgin refers to a kind of lingua franca which is also known as“marginal language”．It has areduced grammatical structure，lexicon and stylistic range and has no native speakers．Theformation of a pidgin usually involves two or more speech communities and requires considerable motivation on the part of the speaker．Pidgin usually flourishes in areas of economic development and of substantial trading among different speech communities．Pidgin English used in trading among the English and the Chinese in Shanghai in the old days．Pidgin English used in Asia in trading includes elements from Malay,Chinese and Portuguese．Creole refers to the pidgin which has developed from a mixtureoflanguages and expanded in its vocabulary,grammar and stylistic range，which has acquired its own native speakers and assumed an equal or similar status ofanyhumannatural language．。

22秋-福师《学前儿童语言教育》在线作业二-0007
试卷总分:100 得分:45
一、单选题 (共 25 道试题,共 50 分)
1.幼儿园语言教育目标制定必须以社会的需要、（）、语言的学科性质和幼儿语言学习特点为依据
A.幼儿家长的要求
B.幼儿园的语言教材
C.幼儿发展的规律
D.幼儿园教师的语言教学水平
【此题正确选项】:C
2.社会相互作用论的语言学习模式认为，（）在儿童语言正常发展过程中起决定性作用。

A.儿童的认知发展水平
B.儿童的遗传和成熟
C.外界环境的语言刺激
D.儿童与成人之间的语言交往环境
【此题正确选项】:D
3.前语言获得是指大约（）岁前儿童出现的各种语言现象，它为儿童正式获得语言作准备
A.1
B.1.5
C.2
D.2.5
【此题正确选项】:
4.在幼儿教育机构中，（）是对学前儿童进行语言教育的基本形式
A.渗透的语言教育活动
B.基本的语言教育活动
C.日常的语言教育活动
D.集体形式的语言教育活动
【此题正确选项】:
5.什么是幼儿园文学活动的首要环节。

（）
A..学习文学作品
B.体验作品
C.理解作品
D..迁移作品经验
【此题正确选项】:
6.（）的语言学习模式认为，语言获得是在关键期内通过语言获得装置逐步掌握语法规则的过程
A..先天论
B.认知相互作用论
C.行为主义。

2023年自考专业(学前教育)《学前儿童语言教育》考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】以下不属于幼儿辩论核心经验的是()。

A.掌握并运动交流和表达的经验B.解释并坚持自己的观点的经验C.运用恰当方法辩论的经验D.理解和尊重别人观点的经验2.【判断题】没有语言，人类不但没法交流思想，并且也无法进行思维。

（）3.【判断题】儿童文学作品包括寓言、童话、儿童故事、儿歌、儿童诗、谜语诗、绕口令、儿童散文、儿童小说、儿童科学文艺等多种体裁。

4.【单选题】______是指在教师的指导下，学前儿童扮演文学作品中的人物，根据作品情节的发展，再现文学作品，以提高口语表现力的方法。

A.表演法B.游戏法C.模仿法D.创造法5.【问答题】简述语言教育对幼儿发展的重要作用;6.【单选题】______是发展幼儿的独白语言，而谈话活动是注重幼儿的交往语言或对白语言。

A.讲述活动B.游戏活动C.表演活动D.集体活动7.【填空题】_______就是使用语言的人对语言内容内在规则的把握，________则是指在一定的语境中对于语言具体运用的能力。

8.【判断题】双词句结构不完整，句子成分常常缺漏，表达的意思也不明确，所以不具备句子的雏形。

（）9.【判断题】早期阅读活动主要是为学前儿童提供阅读图书的经验，包括早期识字经验和早期书写经验。

10.【填空题】据国内外的一些研究材料报道，3 岁幼儿的词汇量达______个。

11.【单选题】设计幼儿园语言教育活动时，应以()为主。

A.教育目标B.教师期望C.儿童发展目标D.社会要求12.【判断题】在讲述活动中，无论是看图讲述还是实物讲述，每种类型的讲述都要培养幼儿按照一定的顺序进行讲述的能力。

13.【单选题】______是指那些与0-6 岁儿童的心理发展水平及接受能力和阅读能力相适应的各类文学作品的总称。

A.幼儿文学作品B.少儿文学作品C.儿童文学作品D.小孩文学作品14.【问答题】简述幼儿园叙事性讲述集体教学活动的设计原则。

福师1203考试批次《学前儿童数学教育》复习题及参考答案本课程复习题所提供的答案仅供学员在复习过程中参考之用，有问题请到课程论坛提问。

本复习题页码标注所用教材为：如学员使用其他版本教材，请参考相关知识点福师1203考试批次《学前儿童数学教育》复习题及参考答案一一、单项选择题（每题2分，共10分）1、从数学教育总目标到数学教育活动目标的表述，是逐级的…【 3 】①概括化②笼统化③具体化④一般化2、顺口溜数数是为……教学打基础。

【 4 】①数序②序数③基数④计数3、当整体分成若干相等的部分时，份数越多则每份数越少，这是…关系。

【 1 】①函数②互补③可逆④多少4、数学区域活动的关键在于……【 2 】①教师对幼儿的观察②操作材料的投放③教师对幼儿的指导④区域活动规则的建立5、按照物体的两个特征分类的教育，可安排在……进行【 3 】①小班②中班③大班④小、中、大班二、是非判断题（每题2分，共10分）1、整体可以分成若干相等或不相等的部分，各部分之和等于整体。

这是加法和减法关系。

【×】2、数的守恒教育一般安排在大班进行。

【×】3、在量的比较中存在着可逆关系。

【×】4、幼儿辨别形状最关键不在于“指认”，而在于“命名”。

【×】5、幼儿对数学学习的兴趣起始于对活动内容的兴趣。

【×】三、名词解释（每题5分，共20分）1、操作法：是指幼儿动手操作学具，在与材料的相互作用的过程中进行探索和学习，获得数学感性经验、知识和技能的方法。

2、数学教学活动：学前儿童数学教学活动是指在教师领导下，有目的、有计划的组织幼儿集体参加的数学学习活动。

3、计数活动：计数活动的指导要点包括：按物点数，认识总数；感官计数，强化总数；进行各种寻找活动。

4、游戏法：游戏法是指由两个或更多的参与者在遵守一定规则的前提下，相互竞争并达到预期目标的方法。

游戏的形式取决于游戏的内容，通常游戏中含有竞赛和变革的内容。

第三章幼儿园谈话学习活动指导第一节幼儿谈话学习核心经验的形成与发展一、单选题1.下列关于谈话活动说法错误的是（）。

A.谈话活动需要一个有趣的中心话题B.谈话活动包含着多方的信息交流C.谈话活动要为幼儿营造一个轻松自由氛围D.谈话活动中教师要注意规范语言的示范和引导，及时纠正幼儿不规范的表达答案：D解析：学前儿童谈话的特征：①学前儿童的谈话具有一个有趣的中心话题；②学前儿童的谈话有着多方的信息交流；③学前儿童的谈话一般具有轻松自由的氛围。

2.学前儿童谈话的特征不包括（）。

A.具有一个有趣的中心话题B.有多方的信息交流C.有轻松自由的氛围D.带有一定的目的性和教育性答案：D解析：学前儿童谈话的特征：①学前儿童的谈话具有一个有趣的中心话题；②学前儿童的谈话有着多方的信息交流；③学前儿童的谈话一般具有轻松自由的氛围。

3.下列关于谈话活动说法错误的是（）。

A.谈话活动需要一个有趣的中心话题B.谈话活动包含着多方的信息交流C.谈话活动要为幼儿营造一个轻松自由氛围D.谈话活动中教师要注意规范语言的示范和引导，及时纠正幼儿不规范的表达答案：D解析：学前儿童谈话的特征：①学前儿童的谈话具有一个有趣的中心话题；②学前儿童的谈话有着多方的信息交流；③学前儿童的谈话一般具有轻松自由的氛围。

4.幼儿学习谈话的第一步是（）。

A.习得语言B.倾听C.习得句型D.习得词汇答案：B解析：倾听是沟通的基础，注意听并能听得懂是进行谈话的第一步。

5.幼儿学会谈话的第一步是（）。

A.自言自语B.倾听C.交谈D.谈论答案：B解析：倾听是沟通的基础，注意听并能听得懂是进行谈话的第一步。

6.学前儿童学会谈话的第一步是（）。

A.倾听B.回应C.反馈D.注意答案：A解析：倾听是沟通的基础，注意听并能听得懂是进行谈话的第一步。

7.儿童在谈话中能较为密切地围绕主题进行，并会主动回应、质疑、反驳成人或同伴的观点，通过初步思考提出新的观点，促使谈话主题的纵向深入，这种谈话能力所属的年龄阶段是（）A.入幼儿园之前B.大班阶段C.中班阶段D.小班阶段答案：B解析：大班阶段能逐渐完整理解谈话对象的意思，逐步掌握谈话的规则，知道轮流谈话，举手发言，适时插话。

福建师范大学22春“学前教育”《学前儿童语言教育》期末考试高频考点版（带答案）一.综合考核(共50题)1.讲述的独白言语特性，要求幼儿的口头语言表述经历一个()。

A.从独立完整发码到独立完整编码的过程B.从谈话活动到表述活动的过程C.从表述活动到谈话活动的过程D.从独立完整编码到独立完整发码的过程参考答案：D2.下列属于学前儿童语言学习和获得模式的有()A.行为主义的语言学习模式B.先天论的语言学习模式C.认知相互作用论的语言学习模D.社会相互作用论的语言学习模式参考答案：ABCD3.以下哪个说法不属于幼儿园听说游戏活动的语言教育目标()。

A、帮助幼儿按一定规则进行口语表达练习B、提高幼儿积极倾听的水平C、培养幼儿在语言交往中的机智性和灵活性D、培养幼儿掌握对语言交流信息清晰度的调节技能参考答案：D4.幼儿园谈话活动的特点是()。

A、要有凭借物B、注重多方的信息交流C、要有相对正式的语境D、旨在锻炼幼儿的独白言语能力5.完整语言教育观是指在儿童语言发展的关键期内，有必要给他们提供完整语言学习的机会。

()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B6.在谈话活动中出现谈话内容中断的时候，想延续谈话，则谈话者可采用()。

A.修补的方法B.轮流的方法C.传递的方法D.导向的方法参考答案：A7.幼儿园的()对培养锻炼幼儿的独白言语具有独特的价值。

A.谈话活动B.听说游戏活动C.讲述活动D.文学活动参考答案：C8.国家卫生部和教育部先后颁布了《三岁前小儿教养大纲(草案)》和《幼儿园教育纲要(试行草案)》。

其中后者对3~6岁幼儿提出的语言教育目标为：()A.少数民族的幼儿学会本民族语言。

B.培养幼儿发音清楚、正确，学习说普通话。

C.初步培养幼儿对文学作品的兴趣。

D.丰富幼儿词汇，发展幼儿思维和口头语言的表达能力。

参考答案：ABCD示范与练习相结合的原则要求教师：()A.注意运用隐性示范B.教师的示范不要限制了学前儿童的思维C.提供充分练习的机会D.为学前儿童提供自由说话的机会参考答案：ABC10.听说游戏中存在以下哪个由活动逐渐向游戏过渡的转换。

福师《学前小朋友语言教育》在线作业一秋100分答案1.一、单项选择题（共 25 道试题, 共 50 分。

）A.一般认为, 小朋友从（）岁开始出现语音意识B.1－1.5C.2－3D.3－4.4－5A.对旳答案: BB. 2.学前小朋友把“用皮球打小狗”理解为“小狗打皮球”，采用了理解句子旳.）。

C.语义方略学前小朋友语言教育教案D.词序方略E.语法方略F.非语言方略对旳答案: AA. 3.渗透旳语言教育旳关键问题是增进学前小朋友与教师、同伴之间旳有效.）B.语言运用C..语言交流D.语言理解E.语言体现A.对旳答案: BB. 4..）不是听说游戏中所包括旳语言教育目旳旳特点。

C.练习性D.含蓄性E.广泛性F.详细性A.对旳答案: CB. 5.小朋友语言旳发展包括语言形式和.）等方面旳发展。

C.语音和语法D.语言内容和语法E.语言运用与语言内容F.语言运用和句义A.对旳答案: CB. 6.小朋友在学前时期应获得旳基本阅读技能包括观测摹拟书面语言旳能力、.）以及自我调适旳技能。

C.预期旳技能D.书写旳技能E.纠错能力F.辨字能力对旳答案: AA.7.幼稚园旳语言教育.)B..很难在游戏活动中进行C.只能在平常生活中进行D..贯穿于幼儿旳一日生活E.只能通过专门旳语言教育活动进行对旳答案: CA.8.下列有关听说游戏旳说法中对旳旳是.）B.听说游戏是小朋友自发组织旳游戏C.听说游戏是教师设计来组织幼儿学习语言旳规则游戏D.听说游戏是语言游戏E.听说游戏带有明显旳自发言语旳特点对旳答案: BA.9.不承认一般认知能力之外还存在一种特殊旳语言能力，认为所谓旳“语言能力”来源于认知发展旳是哪项旳观点?B.行为主义C.先天论D.认知互相作用论E.社会互相作用论A.对旳答案: CB.10.幼稚园初期阅读活动可以协助幼儿获得.）、前识字经验和前书写经验。

C.前图书制作经验D.前绘画经验E.前文字识别经验F..前图书阅读经验A.对旳答案: DB.11.在谈话活动中出现谈话内容中断旳时候，想延续谈话，则谈话者可采用.）。