译林版八年级英语下册Unit1知识点总结复习归类

牛津译林版八年级下册英语Unit 1-Unit 4 期中重难点语法知识点复习提纲Unit 11.just ①副词，意为“刚刚，刚才”，通常与现在完成时连用。

① 副词，意为“正好，恰好；仅仅，只是”，起加强语气的作用。

① just now，意为“刚才，刚刚”，相当于a moment ago，用于一般过去时态的句子中。

2.change ①不及物动词，意为“变化”。

change into 意为“变成”。

① 及物动词，意为“交换；改变；换乘”。

① 可数或不可数名词，意为“改变，变化，转变”。

① 不可数名词时，意为“零钱”。

ed to意为“曾经，过去常常”，暗含“现在不再”之意，后接动词原形。

①used to结构在变为否定形式时有两种变法：一：used not to do sth.；二：didn’t use to do sth.。

①used to结构在变为一般疑问句时也有两种形式：一：Used+主语+to do sth.?，二：Did+主语+use to do sth.?”。

①含有used to 结构的句子在变为反意疑问句时，构成肯定的疑问可用did或used，构成否定的疑问可用didn’t或usedn’t。

4.kind① 形容词，意为“友好的；亲切的”。

be kind to 意为“对……友好”。

① 可数名词，意为“种类”。

5.交通方式常用的表达方法①by+表示交通工具的名词，表示泛指乘某种交通工具，在句中作状语。

by sea/water/ship乘船/由水路by air/plane乘飞机by underground/land/train/bus乘地铁/经陆路/乘火车/乘公共汽车①in/on+冠词/形容词性物主代词+表示工具的名词，在句中作状语。

① take+a/the+表示交通工具的名词，在句中作谓语。

① on foot“步行”，是介词短语，在句中作状语。

6.too many，too much 与much tootoo many：意为“太多的”，中心词是many，其后接可数名词复数。

牛津译林版8B U1常州必考知识点梳理1.史密斯一家人习惯住在中国。

The Smiths are used to living in China.The Smiths 表示一家人，后面是复数用are习惯于做某事be used to doing sth2.过上更好的生活live in a better life 冠词ed to do sth 过去常常做某事Used to spend much time watching TV at night4.你上次什么时候你到她的？When did you last see her?Last 上次，最后一次用一般过去时5.years ago，用一般过去式6.got married in 1980,在1980年一般过去时，have been married since 1980 ,since 1980自1980到现在，用现在完成时7.He is often alone at home, but he never feels lonely独自一人家，但不感到孤单8.采访某人interview sb动词名词have an interview with sb9.你已经把书还给图书馆了吗？Have you returned the book to the library?Return 返回从某地返回return from sp=go back from sp10.What changes have there been in your lives?在你的生活中有什么变化吗？Changes变化是名词，用have，套上there be句型11.你看到我们眼镜了吗？Have you seen my glasses?I saw them on the desk, but they are not there now. 刚看到在桌上，现在不在了。

12.How long have you lived in this country? For three years/since three years agohow long 提问，用for+一段时间回答或者since+一段时间ago13.More than two years has passed since Kebi died.自从科比去年去世到现在已经两年了。

8B Unit 1重点词组、句型35 从美国回来(2种) return from the USA = come back from the USA36 和他父母一起去国外go abroad with her parents37 在小学at primary school38 互相联系keep in touch with each other39 通过电子邮件和他交流communicate with him by email40 很快就习惯生活的变化★get used to the changes of life quickly41 又窄又脏的路narrow and dirty roads42 又宽又干净的街道wide and clean streets43 另一个大的变化another big change44 乘火车往返小镇travel to and from the town by bus45 比以前花更多的时间在家庭作业上spend more time on my homework than before46 独自(2种) on one’s own = by oneself47 在道路两边(2种)★on both sides = on each / either side48 带网络的电脑computers with the Internet49 发生take place50 在业余时间in one’s free time51 步行周游小镇travel around the town on foot52 拥有自己的私家车have one’s own cars53 享受富裕舒适的生活enjoy a rich and comfortable life54 在某种程度上in some ways55 一些大的开阔的空地some large open spaces56 一生all one’s life57 在过去in the past58 当你是个学生的时候，你怎么去上学？我过去常常乘地铁去上学。

1. past and present 过去和现在past 1). n. in the past(一般过去时)2). adj. in the past few years(现在完成时) 3). prep. walk past 经过=present 1). n. 现在, 目前 at present 2). n. 礼物 receive a present 收到一件礼物 2. in the bowl 在碗里; on the plate 在盘子上 3. 1).过去常常做某事(现在不做了) usedto do sth. = often did sth. in the pastused to be…= … was/were once… = was/were… in the past 和某人分享某物 share sth. with sb.Eg. You often shared food with me in the past. = Youfood with me.You used to be so kind to me. = Youto me.2). 习惯于, 适应于(做)某事 be/get used to (doing) sth. (现在仍如此做)我习惯于上午六点起床。

Iup at 6 a.m.3). 区分：used to do sth. 过去常常做某事(现在不做)get/be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事(to 为介词)4. just 1). adv. 刚才(现在完成时) I’v e just eaten it.2). adv. 正好, 恰好(加强语气) The shirt is just my size.这件衬衫正和我的尺码。

3). just now 刚刚, 刚才(一般过去时);5. change 1). v./n. 改变, 变化 changes in/to … ……的变化 T h etown has changed a lot over the years.(v.)= There have been great changes over the years. (n.)= Great changes have taken place over the years.2). n. [U] 零钱. Here is your change. 这是你的零钱。

8A语法Unit 1 Friends形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则1.规则变化:(1)一般形容词+er +est (shorter, smaller, smallest )(2)以e 结尾的形容词+r +st (nicer, larger, largest)(3)以辅音字母加y 结尾的形容词变y 为i 再+er, est (busier, busiest; heavier, heaviest)(4)以重读闭音节结尾的形容词双写辅音字母+er, est 熟记：大（big)热（hot）天,一个穿红（red）衣浑身湿（wet）透的伤感（sad）胖（fat）子想要变得又瘦（thin）又苗条（slim）2.不规则变化(1)good(well)-better-best(2) many(much)-more-most(3)ill(bad, badly)-worse-worst(4) far-farther (further)-farthest (furthest)(5) little-less-least(6) few-fewer-fewest3.多音节的形容词比较级和最高级在词前加more , mostdelicious-more delicious-the most delicious popular-more popular-the most popular注意: 1 形容词的最高级前必须有the, 而副词的最高级前the 可省略2.比较级前常用a bit, a little, much, a lot, even, far 等词表示程度.3.形容词比较级用来比较两者(人或事)句中常有than; 形容词最高级用来比较三者或三者以上(人或事), 句中常有in 或of 短语表示比较范围.4. as+adj.+as (和------一样------) / not as/so +adj.+ as (不如------，不及------)Unit 2 School life一、比较事物的数量1.many (修饰可数名词）／much (修饰不可数名词）----more ----mostmore + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词+ than ……比……数量多e.g. I have more friends than you.2.few (修饰可数名词) ----fewer----fewestlittle (修饰不可数名词）----less----leastfewer +可数名词复数+ than ……比……数量少e.g. There are fewer boys than girls in our class.less + 不可数名词+than ……比……数量少e.g. I spend less money on food than my sister.3.the fewest +可数名词复数在……中最少He has the fewest books.4.the least +不可数名词在……中最少She has the least money of us.5.the most + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词最多Daniel has the most money.二、副词的比较级和最高级（构成方法及用法与形容词基本相同）1.一般在词尾直接加er或est，例如，hard-harder-hardest fast-faster-fastest loud-louder-loudest2、部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级，例如:slowly-more slowly-most slowly clearly-more clearly-most clearlycarefully-more carefully-most carefully3、副词比较级和最高级的不规则变化well-better-best badly-worse-worstfar-farther/further-farthest/furthestUnit 3 A day out一、as…as的用法表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词/副词原级。

牛津译林版八年级下册 Unit 1 知识清单【知识点梳理】1.past：n.“过去”；adj.“过去的，以前的”；prep.“从……旁边经过，通过，晚于，在……之后”。

in the past“在过去”。

in/over/during the past few years“在过去的几年里”。

half past ten“十点半”。

2.present：n.“现在”；“礼物（= gift）”。

adj.“现在的，目前的”；“出席的，在场的”。

at present“此刻，现在”= now = at the moment。

3.just：adv.“刚刚，刚才”（现在完成时）；“正好，恰好；仅仅，只是”。

just now“刚才，刚刚”（一般过去时）。

4.change：v.“变化”；“交换；改变；换乘”。

n.“改变，变化”；“零钱”。

change...into...“把……变成……”。

ed to do sth.“过去常常做某事”。

→否定形式：主语+ didn’t use to/usedn’t to + 动词原形。

→一般疑问句：Did + 主语+ use to + 动词原形+ 其他?there used to be...“过去经常有……”。

6.share...with sb.“与某人分享/共用……”。

7.so...that...“如此……以至于……”。

8.kind：adj.“友好的；亲切的”。

n.“种类”。

be kind to“对……友好”。

9.交通方式的表达方法：by + 表示交通工具的名词；in/on + 冠词/形容词性物主代词+ 表示交通工具的名词；take + a/the + 表示交通工具的名词。

on foot“步行”。

ride a bike“骑自行车”。

10.It takes/took (sb.) some time to do sth.“做某事花费（某人）多长时间”。

11.since：conj.“自……以来”（后接表示一般过去时的句子，主句用现在完成时）。

8BU1重点考点1.in the past= Once过去式in the past few years 现在完成时连用2.句首开头动词用法：1. to do 表示目的“为了....”2,doing 动名词做主语3.do sth 祈使句+and/or +一般将来时句子3.There used to be ........There have/has been .....4 .Used to do sth 过去常常做某事Be get/ used to doing sth 习惯于做某事Be used to do sth 被用来做某事举例分析：1.—Alice, how’s your grandpa?—He’s fine. He used to ______ TV after dinner, but now he is used to ______ for a walk.A. watch; goB. watching; goC. watching; goingD. watch; going2.－Excuse me, does Mr Smith’s son live here? －He _________ be here, but he has moved.A. has toB. used toC. tried toD. happened to5. centuries/ years ago 过去式连用just now 刚刚, 刚才(一般过去时6.in a few years 一般将来时连用7. so far /for +一段时间/ since/since then / in the past few years/ recently /over the years现在完成时连用8.同义句：The town has changed a lot over the years.(v.)= There have been great changes over the years. (n.)= Great changes have taken place over the years.9.On the way 在路上in some ways 在某种程度上，在一些方面In the way 挡道by the way 顺便问一下举例分析：He likes playing tricks on others, but ______, he is a good boy because he is willing to help others.A. on the wayB. in the wayC. in some waysD. by the way10.“It is / has been＋时间＋since＋一般过去时态”句型11.“时间＋has passed＋since＋一般过去时态”句型12.live a.....life 过着.....生活13. A marry B = A get married to B = A and B get married举例分析：Thomas Kate for two years, and they have had a child.A. got married withB. has been married toC. married toD. married14.turn…into…把…变成….turn on打开turn off关上turn up调高音量;出现turn down调低音量;拒绝turn to转向,求助于15.实现realize one’s dream =come true16.与某人交流/沟通communicate with sb17.put 构成的常用短语:①put on穿上，戴上，上演(戏剧)。

八年级下册Unit1 Past and present知识点梳理【重点单词】past [pɑːst]过去present ['preznt] 现在，目前just [dʒʌst] 刚才used to (过去持续或常发生)曾经since [sɪns] 自…以来ever ['evə] 曾经，永远，这以前northern ['nɔːðən] 北方的，北部的married [ˈmærɪd] 已婚的，结婚的wife [waɪf] (妻子block [blɒk] 街区since [sɪns] 自…以来over ['əʊvə] 在…期间turn ... Into ... 把…变成…pollution [pəˈluːʃ(ə)n] 污染；污染物factory ['fæktəri] 工厂waste [weɪst] 废料；废品realize ['rɪəlaɪz] 意识到；实现improve [ɪm'pruːv]改进，改善situation [sɪtjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n] 形势，情况in some ways 在某种程度上however [haʊ'evə] 然而impossible [ɪmˈpɒsəbl] 不可能的before [bɪ'fɔː]以前，过去，已经lonely ['ləʊnli] 孤独的，寂寞的from time to time [frɒm//taɪm//tuː//taɪm] 不时，有时，偶尔anyway [ˈenɪweɪ] 尽管，即使这样husband ['hʌzbənd] 丈夫interview [ˈɪntəvjuː]采访；会见all one's life 一生yet [jet] 还，仍recently ['riːsntli]近来，最近past [pɑːst]过去environment [ɪn'vaɪrənmənt] 环境transport [trænsˈpɔːt]交通车辆，运输工具condition [kənˈdɪʃ(ə)n] 环境，条件，状况return [rɪ'tɜːn]返回last [lɑːst]最近，上一次；最后abroad [ə'brɔːd]到（在）国外primary [ˈpraɪməri] 小学教育的；初级的keep in touch 保持联系communicate [kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt] 交流，交际communication [kəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] 交流，交际exactly [ɪg'zæktli] （答语）正是，没错be/get used to 习惯于，适应于narrow [ˈnærəʊ] 狭窄的open space 开阔的空地【重点词组】1.in the bowl an hour ago一个小时之前在碗里的ed to do sth.过去常常做某事be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事be used to do sth. 被用来做某事3.do a history project on the changes in Beijing over the years做个有关这些年北京的变化的历史调查4.write a report on the changes in your home town 写一个有关你家乡的变化的报道5.know about the different forms of transport 对不同形式的交通工具很了解6.talk about transport at different times 讨论不同时期的交通工具7.take turns to do sth.=do sth. by turns 轮流做某事8.go to school by bike = ride a bike to school 骑自行车去学校9.wait for the next one 等下一辆车10.go to school by bus= take a bus to school= go to school on the bus乘公交车去学校11.interview sb. to get some information 为了得到些信息采访某人12.know sunshine town very well 对阳光镇很了解13.be born 出生14.move house 搬家15.in the northern part of town 在这个镇的西部16.get married to sb.= marry sb.= be married to sb.和某人结婚17.marry sb. to sb. 把某人嫁给某人18.move two blocks away搬到两个街区以外19.live in this area 住在这个地区20.since then 自从那以后since I was born/ since last Saturday/since three days ago21.over the years 这些年over the past century 在过去的几个世纪22.in the town centre= in the centre of the town 在镇中心23.turn/change/put sth. into 把某物变成某物24.a steel factory 一个钢铁厂25.put the waste into the river 把垃圾倒入河里put down 记下put away 收好put on 穿上put off 推迟、延期26.take action to improve the situation采取行动改善这种情况27.in some ways 在某些方面on the way (to ) 在……的路上by the way 顺便说no way 没门in any way 无论如何28.most of my old friends大部分我的老朋友29.move away 搬走/move to(into) another town30.see each other as often as before像以前一样经常看到对方31.play cards and Chinese chess 打牌和下棋32.feel a bit lonely 感到有点孤单33.from time to time = at times = sometimes 有时34.because of being alone 因为独自一人35.a group of buildings with streets on all sides街道两边全是高楼on both sides/ on each side36.interview sb.= have an interview with sb. 采访某人37.all his life 整个他的一生38.in the past 在过去at present 现在39.make some notes 做些笔记40.waste sth. on sth./ sb.浪费某物在某物/某人上41.repair over ten bicycles= repair more than ten bicycles修理超过10辆自行车42.teach sb. a lot about the history of China教我很多有关中国的历史43.talk about a film about the history of Beijing讨论一个有关北京历史的影片44.learn more about Beijing’s past and present对北京的过去和现在了解更多45.hear about/of 听说hear from sb.= receive/ get one’s letter=receive/get a letter of sb.收到某人来信46.living conditions 居住条件47.return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人48.go abroad 去国外at home or abroad 在国内外49.at primary school 在小学50.keep in touch with each other 互相保持联系51.make communication much easier使得联系更容易Communicate with sb.和某人保持联系52.take place发生（有目的有计划的）、举行happen发生(偶然发生)53.green hills all around到处都是绿山54.a river runs through the centre of town一条小河穿过镇中心55.get used to the changes of life习惯了生活的变化56.on one’s own = by oneself = alone独自57.throw rubbish 扔垃圾58.in some large open spaces在一些大的开阔的地方59.move into new flats搬到新公寓去60.in their free time在他们业余时间61.travel around the town在镇里转转62.have their own cars= have cars of their own有他们自己的汽车e the new words to talk about my hometown用些新词来讨论我的家乡e facts to support my opinions用事实来支持我的观点【重点句型】1.There were always too many people on the bus, and it took a long time to wait for the next one.公共汽车上总是有太多的人，并且要花费很长时间等待下一趟。

Unit 1 Past and presentReadingPhrases1. 对阳光镇非常了解know Sunshine Town very well2. 自从我出生我就住这儿了。

I’ve lived here since I was born.3. 搬家move house4. 在城镇的北部in the northern part of town/in the north of town5. 结婚get married6. 搬到两个街区以外move two blocks away7. 自从那时since then8. 改变许多change a lot9. 近几年/在这些年间over the years10. 在镇中心in the town centre11. 把镇中心的一部分变成一个新公园turn part of the town centre into a new park12. 把……变成……change...into13. 污染问题a pollution problem14. 一家钢铁厂a steel factory15. 往河里排放废弃物put the waste into the river16. 意识到这个问题realize the problem17. 采取行动做某事take action to do sth.18. 改善情况improve the situation19. 干净的多much cleaner20. 在某种程度上是这样的in some ways it is21. 拥有一个美丽现代的城镇have a beautiful modern town22. 我大多数老朋友most of my old friends23. 搬走move away24. 看到彼此see each other25. 和以前一样经常as often as before26. 过去经常一起打牌used to play cards together27. 下中国象棋play Chinese chess28. 感到有点孤单feel a bit(a little) lonely29. 不时，有时，偶尔from time to time/at times/sometimes30. 小镇的令人惊叹的变化the amazing changes in the town31. 对……了解甚少know little about32. 发生take place33. 采访某人have an interview with sb.34. 一生all one’s lifeImportant points1. When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we’ve lived in this area since the.当我1965年结婚时，我和妻子搬到两个街区以外，以后一直住在这里。