上海新世纪英语高二年级上学期第二单元教材精讲

牛津英语上海版英语2B说课稿M4 Unit 2 In theforest2AM4U2Intheforest说课稿 一、教材分析： 今天我执教的教学内容是《牛津英语》（上海版）二年级第二学期2BM4U2Intheforest的第二课时。

这是一个围绕thenaturalworld为模块主题的话题之一，紧紧围绕森林中动物的习性、特征、喜好等特点对动物进行介绍。

我以单元整体教学为教材处理基础，以thefox’sbirthdayparty为情景设计，由此对教学内容进行了整合和重组，在原教学内容的基础上进行了文本再构。

 本单元一共分为二课时。

第一课时，以第一人称单数的形式让学生扮演动物，学会主动表达：Lookatme.I’ma…I’m…and…I’mso…My…is/are…Ican…Ilike…在文本的推进中教学学生掌握fox,meat,grass 三个新词及动物的基本特征；第二课时，以thefox’sbirthdayparty为情景主线，以第三人称单数的教学内容为重点进行对hippo河马动物的介绍，Lookatthe…It’s…and…It’sso…Lookatthe…’s…So…Itcan…Itlikes…以学习动物的习性来了解更多的动物，让学生在活动中进一步观察动物的习性，了解动物，热爱动物，并学会与动物成为朋友，表达对动物的喜爱之情，并让学生明白快乐是在与朋友的交往过程中通过玩耍与分享而获得的。

 本课时的教学重点是要求学生清楚地表达动物的习性，能正确并合理运用Lookat…,Lookat…’s…和…like(s)…的句型描述动物，说说他们的性格、颜色、特征、技能和喜欢的食物。

其中Lookat…’s…是一个教学难点。

 二、学生分析： 基础知识：二（3）班共有37位学生。

通过一年多的英语学习，他们有了一定的词汇积累和简单的用语。

在一年级的时候已初步学会了对的动物外形与颜色的描述，所以对于描述动物的形状、颜色和特点学生会比较熟悉。

上海新世纪英语高二年级下学期Unit4教材精讲伴你成长高二新世纪（下）Unit4 Moving Stories知识要点2．重点词组新从……来的be fresh from喜欢take to顺便，附带地in passing点睛之笔finishing touch看一眼cast a glance at好像，仿佛as though吃惊地in shock以……为例take…as an example瓦解，崩溃fall apart来来回回，上上下下up and down顺便（或偶然）访问drop by访问，看望come by(时间等)过去，流逝pass by妨碍get in the way脑损伤brain damage很多many a(n)充分地，最大限度地to the fullest起点starting point排队line up看到at the sight of3．重点句型It has been／is+一段时间+since．．．意为：自从……以来已经多久了21/ 1上海新世纪英语高二年级下学期Unit4教材精讲4．重点语法The Structure for Emphasis(2) 强调结构(2)The Auxiliary Verb Do (助动词Do)知识精讲Vocabulary and Patterns1．Swedish n．the language used in Sweden；people from Sweden 瑞典语；瑞典人adj. of or relating to Sweden，the Swedish or their culture 瑞典的；瑞典人的；瑞典语的Sweden n. 瑞典We call people from Sweden Swedish．我们把来自瑞典的人叫瑞典人。

2．equivalent n. [c]something that is essentially equal to another 同等物The word has no equivalent in English．这个单词在英文中没有对应的词语。

Unit 8Difficult Sentences1. Secrets of Straight-A StudentsWho are called “straight-A students”?(= A straight-A student is someone who regularly gets the best marks for all of their work in school or college.)Translate the title into Chinese.(= 全优生的秘诀)2. …, it is far more important for a student to know how to make the most of his or her innate abilities.What is the part of speech of the word “far”? What does it mean?(= It’s an adverb. It means very much. It can be used to modify some adjectives, such as far less/better/easier, and to modify some prepositions, such as far above/below/beyond.More examples:* It would take me far too long to explain.* The new system is far better than the old one.* He bought it for a price that was far beyond (= much more than) its real value.)Paraphrase “make the most of his or her innate abilities”.(= To get as much advantage as one can from one’s innate abilities.)3. Study time is never compromised for phone calls, television programmes or snacks. In other words, it is always placed above recreation.What kind of study habit does the author describe? Talk about it in your own words.(= Never make phone calls, watch television or have snacks when it’s time to study. Study is forever the first choice.)4. They must know how to pace each assignment or project according to their daily timetable and work ability so that they might not be overwhelmed by the tasks at hand.What can you infer from the expression “to pace each assignment or project according to their daily timetable and work ability”?(= Our time and energy are limited, so we have to organize our assignments and activities skillfully so that we do not have too much to do and still have energy left near the end.)Paraphrase “the tasks at hand”.(= Tasks that need to be dealt with now.)5. Another winning formula which teachers promote lies in a student’s ability to hand in neat work.What does “formula” originally mean? What does it refer to here?(= Formula means a list of the substances used to make a medicine, drink, etc. Here winning formula refers to a method that leads to success.)6. According to one professor, the student who turns in neat work is already on the way to scoring an A.What can we infer from “is already on the way to scoring an A”?(= It is very likely that the student will get an A.)7. The experiment also illuminated the value of hypothetical tests conducted among the students and on their own.What is a “hypothetical test”?(= A hypothetical test is a test that is not real, but that might happen.) Translate the sentence into Chinese.(= 研究也证明了学生间互相进行模拟测试或自我测试的好处。

Unit 6Difficult Sentences1. Our hotels were “tourist traps”…What does “tourist trap” mean?(= It refers to a place, such as a shop or resort area, that offers overpriced goods and services to tourists.)2. We found a boring looking little joint carelessly decorated for the holiday. Translate the sentence into Chinese.(= 我们找到了一家小餐馆，这小店看着很乏味，只是随便装饰了一下来应节。

) 3. I was too stubborn and too tired and miserable to leave.Paraphrase the sentence.(= I was so tired and unhappy that I insisted on staying here instead of looking for a better restaurant.)4. She wore a dripping, ragged overcoat, and dragged herself in on wet, rundown shoes.What can you infer from the sentence?(= She was so poor that she had to sell flowers even on a rainy Christmas Eve. It seemed that she hadn’t sold any flower, so she had to go on selling until she was completely wet and it was time to have Christmas dinner.)5. …“may I have permission to present this flower to your beautiful daughter?”Why did the sailor use “daughter”?(= It was probably a compliment, meaning that the wife looked young, or he might intentionally said so just to cheer them up.)6. The piano player began to sing loudly “Good King Wenceslaus.”What is “Good King Wenceslaus”?(= One of the best loved Christmas carols is the 129-year-old carol “Good King Wenceslaus.”In 1853, John Mason Neale chose Wenceslaus as the subject for a children’s song to exemplify generosity. It quickly became a Christmas favorite.)Who is King Wenceslaus?(= Wenceslaus was the Duke of Bohemia (波希米亚) who was murdered in 929 AD. As the song indicates, he was a good, honest, and strongly principled man. The song praises his high moral character by describing King Wenceslaus braving a fierce storm in order to help feed a poor neighbour. Wenceslaus believed that his Christian faith needed to be put into action in practical ways. He was Bohemia’s most famous martyr andpatron saint. His picture appeared on Bohemian coins, and the Crown of Wenceslaus became the symbol of Czech (捷克) independence.)7. One of the French families called for champagne —made the rounds, kissing each of us on both cheeks.Translate the sentence.(= 其中的一家法国人要来了香槟——到每张桌上给人敬酒，亲吻每个人的双颊。

伴你成长高二新世纪（上）Module Three Unit 5教材精新目标扫描l．复习动词不定式的进行式和完成式的用法。

2．掌握本课的重要单词及用法。

quit，wonder，crazy，thrill，crash，fall，filter，silence，pack，curious，prime，scratch，practically，tremble，wrapping3．熟记本课出现的常见词组。

be crazy about，be thrilled at sth．／to do sth．，come over，show off，head for，turn over, settle down，pick up，without／beyond／out of reach．feed sb．sth．.，feed sth.．to sb．／feed sb．with／on sth．，shoot at4．掌握一些常用的重要句型。

(I)I wonder if／whether 我想知道是否……(2)It was…that…强调句型(3)Sb．could／must have done 情态动词的虚拟语气(4)(It’s)no wonder ……不奇怪．不足为奇5．能力要求。

(1)Describing animals(2)Telling and retelling a story(3)Reporting语言点详解1．不定式的进行式的用法不定式的进行式(to be doing)表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作。

例：The old woman seemed to be enjoying herself常与不定式的进行式连用的动词有：pretend，happen，think，believe，consider，say，seem，appear，report等例：She happened to be doing her homework when her father came back比较：Mr. Wang is said to write a letter to his s6n据说王先生要给他儿子写信。

上海牛津英语高二上第一学期全部课文HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】S2A Chapter 1Reading My favorite sportSkiing is my favorite sport, even though I have only skied for four days in my whole life. Last year, my father promised to take me on a holiday if I did well in my exams. When I got straight A’s, Dad said’ ‘How about a weekend at the Botanical Gardens? ’However, my mu said, ‘No, you promised a special holiday. I think you ought to keep your word.’ And, despite the expense, he did,M y dream was to see some real snow, so in the Christmas vacation we flew to Seoul, South Korea, and then took a shuttle bus which runs back and forth between Seoul and Muju Resort. As the bus climbed through the mountains, we saw the snow in the trees. I was dying to get out of the bus.No one in my family had ever touched snow before. We were all like little children--- we picked it up, made snowballs, and threw them at each other!Then we checked in at the hotel. Our room overlooked one of the ski slopes. The slope was floodlit, so we watched people skiing until 10 . We could not wait to try it ourselves.The next day we had our first skiing lesson. We rented our ski suits, boots ad skis, and went outside onto the snow. Wearing skis for the first time makes you feel very strange. Suddenly you find you cannot even walk.Our instructor took us onto a gentle slope, and showed us some basic skills. In order to do up a hill, you have to stand sideways, and go up step by step. You must point the tips of your skis together so that you can stop. However, the tips must not cross, or you will fall. You should not ski alone in case you fall and get injured. To be honest, that first lesson was not a great success, and I kept falling down!However, the next day I definitely improved. I only fell over a few times, and I managed to do a few longer runs. I felt pleased with myself, and the instructor congratulated me, so I felt great. Although it was very cold, I spent most of that holiday skiing. It was the most wonderful time of my life. Nevertheless, it was all over too soon. Now I have decided to work part-time this summer, so I can earn enough money for another super skiing holiday.More reading Faster, Higher, StrongerThe Olympic Games have a long history. The first modern Games were held in Athens, Greece in 1896. Every four years,athletics from all over the world compete in various sports at the Games. The largest group participates in athletics.‘Athletics’ refers to sports in fou r areas: track, field,road and combined events. Track events, such as running and hurdling, test a person’s speed. In order to win a track event, a person needs to go faster than everyone else. Field events, however, test how high or far someone can jump in events suchas the long jump or high jump. They also test how far someonecan throw in events such as the shot-put, discus or javelin.The marathon and race walks are road events. They test endurance. In combined events, athletes are required to compete in a series of competition from each category. The most famous combined event is the decathlon. The decathlon involves ten different athletics events that take place over two days. Since the decathlon involves ten different athletics events that take place over two days. Since the decathlon tests all-around physical ability, the winner of the decathlon is often called‘the world‘s greatest athlete.’Although all Olympic sports are equal in importance, athletics is, in many ways, the best picture of the Olympic motto‘Faster, Higher, Stronger”. The desire of humanity to dobetter---to run faster, to soar higher and to push farther---is what the Olympics are all about.Chapter 2Reading Tutorial centresHelpfulI have been studying at a tutorial centre for two years. Thefees are very reasonable, and my command of English hasimproved greatly since I started.My tutors are all qualified teachers. They are sincere and kind.I have been helped a lot by them.One of my teachers was British. At first, I could not say anything to her. However, later I learnt how to communicate in English with a westerner.I think that the tutorial centre has given me a lot ofconfidence in using English.I go to sleepI have been attending a tutorial centre for two months. I have been forced to attend by my parents, but I do not think it is useful for me.I am always very tired after school. Sometimes I even sleep during the classes in the evening.Furthermore, the teachers are very boring. They give us a lotof supplementary exercises but they teach us nothing. I usually read comics during class. Sometimes I go to a video arcade instead. I think tutorial centres are uselessWaste of moneyI have studied at a tutorial centre for one year. However, I think that I have been cheated.These tutorial centres are only interested in making money, so they accept too many students for each class. However, they do not want to pay for good teachers. My English teacher was a university student who studied physics, not English!Very often, he could not answer our questions about the use of the language.In my opinion, it is better to spend more time on school work than to waste money at a ‘money-making’ tutorial centre.Good and badI have experienced both good and bad tutorial centres.In my first centre, I was in a very big class. My teacher wasan Australian. He just talked about his travels. I could learn nothing from him. I left within a month.Then I ask all my friends for their advice. As a result oftheir recommendations, I enrolled on a course at another centre. The teachers are excellent here and the classes are small. We have been taught many good techniques for developing our language and studying skills.There are both good and bad tutorial centres, so you must do some detective work before you enroll.However, the most important thing is whether you are willing to learn and to work hard. The key factor is yourself. ?More reading Independent learningIndependent learning is one solution for those who want to continue their education, nut have no time for it. It is often described as ‘a class of one’, because you work alone. You study at your own pace, at a time and place convenient for you. These courses can help you get a degree, help your career, or help you learn what interests you.One type of independent learning is the correspondence course, In a correspondence course, a school sends you textbooks, study guides, and materials such as video and audio discs. You communicate with your teacher by mail. Your teacher reads your papers and makes comments, Your marks are recorded by the school before they are mailed back to you.A newer style of independent learning is e-learning. With e-learning, you study using computer software or the Internet. You can learn on your own, or you can enroll on a course. Usually, in an e-learning course, students communicate with their teachers through e-mail. However, some students have been using video recently. This allows the teacher and the students to see and communicate with each other at the same time.Independent learning gives you the freedom to adapt yourlearning to your lifestyle. However, it requires self-discipline and hard work, so not everyone is successful at it. Those who are successful receive a real sense of achievementand satisfaction.Chapter 3Reading FashionMy topic is ‘Fashion’. Fashion is important to almost all of us. By fashion, we usually mean popular trends in styles of dress. When we do out or to a party, we usually like to wear fashionable clothes. To illustrate my talk, I have broughtalong five objects.My first object is this blouse. It looks beautiful, doesn’t it? It’s my most expensive piece of clothing, and I love it. Itcost me $200. It may seem very extravagant, but I could affordit with my own savings. It wasn’t ea sy for me to earn the money, but when buying clothes, I think the more you spend the better the quality. So you see, fashion is quite important to me.However, I’m not as keen on fashion as my brother Gary. Last summer, he won a free trip to London in a contest. Theorganizers wanted to show him some famous sights. But hedidn’t appreciate old buildings. He just spent all his timesearching for the coolest pair of trainers! For him, fashionwas more important than culture. These are the trainers he bought. Was it worth a trip to London to buy these? Well, I don’t think so. It was a waste of time and money.Fashion is very big business. Changes in fashion can create or ruin jobs. As an example, I have brought this blonde wig toshow you. It belongs to one of my mum’s friends. In the 1960s, these were very fashionable. But a few years later fashions changed, and women wore wigs much less often. Many wigfactories closed down, and hundreds of workers lost their jobs, which was terrible!Fashion can affect the na tural world, as well. I’m holding an old hat borrowed from a drama company. It’s made of beaver fur. These hats were very fashionable about 200 years ago. As a result, beavers almost became extinct. Luckily, in the 1850s, these hats went out of style and the beavers were saved.Finally, we should remember the saying,’ never judge a book by its cover.’ Clothes will not make us more or less clever,better or worse, more or less honest. I once saw a movie about Mother Teresa. She spent all her life helping poor people in India, most of whom were dying. In 1979, she was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. When she flew to get the award, she wore the same old clothes as usual, and carried all her possessionsin a little bag like this, which I bought in a market. This reminds us that fashion is not the most important thing in life. Thank you.More reading Uniform fashion good for young students School uniforms are not part of the traditional way of life in the USA. In 1987, Cherry Hill Elementary, which is in the Maryland, went against tradition by becoming the first public school in the USA to make students wear uniforms. The schooldid this to reduce trouble caused by the students’ love of fashion. Since this new programme has proved to be a good wayto promote safety and discipline, other schools soon followed. By 2000, 12 pert cent of American public schools requiredschool uniforms.The introduction of school uniforms has helped reduce school violence. Much of school violence is linked to the wearing of gang colours, which are the clothes worn by different youth gangs. In schools with youth gangs, the number of fights decreased by 40 per cent after uniforms wre introduced.Uniforms also send a message that students are at school to study, not to play. They reduce peer pressure and create school pride. These things help raise the academic level of the students.Although school uniforms are popular in some areas, this newtren has met strong resistance from many parents, some of whom angrily complain that uniforms keep students from showing their individuality. A few parents have even gone too curt to stop school uniforms from being introduced. For this reason, it is unlikely that uniforms will ever be adopted nationwade.Chapter 4Reading The hamburger businessIn 1954, an American businessman called Ray Kroc was selling milkshake machines. One small drive-in hamburger stand in California bought not one but eight of these expensive machines. Surprised by this Kroc decided to go and visit it.Arriving before the hamburger stand opened, Kroc sat in his car and watched. A team of young people in uniforms appeared and started cleaning the stand and its car park, making everything neat and tidy. When opened for business, the hamburger standwas immediately filled with customers. The staff were cheerful, fast and polite. The food was excellent. Impressed by the cleanliness, service and food, Kroc looked up at the name over the hamburger stand. It read, ‘McDonald’s Hamburgers’. Although started six years earlier, in 1948, McDonald’s wasstill a small business owned by two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald. Kroc suggested that they should set up more outlets,but the brothers were happy with their life and did not want to expand further. However, they did allow Kroc to launch other branches of McDonald’s for them. That was the start of the biggest fat-food company in history.In 1955, Kroc opened his first McDonald’s near Chicago, and many more swiftly followed. In 1959, the 100th McDonald’s was opened. In 1961, Kroc took over complete ownership of the business from the brothers by paying them US $ million.By 1972, a new McDonald’s was being opened every day, and by 1974 there were over 3,000 restaurants. McDonald’s came to Hong Kong in 1975, and was introduced into Shenzhen in1990. Two years later, the first McDonald’s in Beijing opened with more than 40,000 customers on its first day.Why has McDonald’s been so successful? Back in 1956, McDonald’s adopted the motto ‘Q. S. C. &V.’ These letters stand for’ Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value’. In all of these areas, McDonald’s pay great attention to detail.For example, after years of planning, McDonald’s established its largest ever restaurant in Moscow in1990. To achieve the right quality, potatoes are imported into Russia, and farmers are taught how to farm them properly, as well as how to harvest and pack them.To achieve good service, McDonald’s has one of the best training programmes in the world. It even has seven Hamburger Universities (one in Hong Kong) where top personnel can learn management and customer service skills.By 2005, McDonald’s had over 30,000 outlets in 119 countries and regions. It sells more than 100 hamburgers every second of the day. While it does not yet have a restaurant on the Moon, no doubt a plan is already being made for one.More reading The rise of chain stores in ChinaDuring the last few years, the number of chain stores has greatly increased in big cities in China. Nowadays, within a short walk along a busy street, you are likely to find a chain store of some kind---a fast food restaurant, a bakery or a convenience store.Chain stores have become part of people’s daily lives. They may pop into a BreadTalk to buy a sweet roll for breakfast on their way to work. They may visit a Lianhua Supermarket in the evening to buy some food for dinner,\For a birthday, they might celebrate with friends at a Little Sheep Hotpot Restaurant. At the weekend they may go to GoMe Appliances to buy a DVD or MP3 player. Chain stores have become so popular that some people include them as a factor when deciding where to live.Why have chain stores grown so fast in number and influence? Meeting the customers’ needs is the answer. Opened inconvenient locations, the stores are usually next door to people’s homes and cl ose to bus stops or underground stations. They offer a wide range of products in a clean, well-lit and relaxing environment. Every store in a chain operates in the same way as the others do. That way, everyone knows what to expect in case they shop there. The prices are reasonable too.It seems that chain stores are a welcome development in China. They are certainly a new force changing people’s way of life. Chapter 5Reading Virtual realityOnly 50 years ago, computers were bigger than people. Today, people can carry their laptops with them anywhere they go. Soon, we may be able to step inside a computer world thanks to the magic of virtual reality.What is virtual reality, or VR? If something is virtual, thenit is created by computer technology and appears as if it were real. Virtual reality is a computer system with a special headset. When you put on the headset, you look at two tiny television screens. They are so close to your eyes that your mind will see the image as one picture, and you will believethat you have entered a different world. In many systems, youalso wear a special data glove. With this glove you can reach out and touch things in the artificial world.The first VR games, already sold round the world, enable you to drive a sports car, fly a plane, or fight an enemy. In the future, it may be difficult to distinguish the virtual world of the games from the real world outside.However, VR is not just for entertainment. One day, delighted children will be able to learn geography by observing exciting foreign countries without having to leave their classroom. They will be thrilled to learn history by visiting the pyramids of Egypt, or by hand-feeding friendly dinosaurs.In addition, business will be able to use VR for many tasks. Cars designed using computers can be tested as virtual machines first, before they are manufactures in metal. Architects will be able to make virtual buildings, which they can walk around and inspect before constructing. VR can help us in hundreds of ways.Despite this, concerned critics have warned that there could be dangers in this powerful new medium. Will we have VR games in which people can commit virtual crimes? After people get used to VR, will they want to return to reality? Will we forget how to live and work with real people?On the other hand, some people think that VR will help us improve the world. By experimenting harmlessly inside a VR world, we will be able to see the dangers we may face in the future. Then we will be able to avoid them in real life.No doubt there will be some problems with VR, as there are with all new inventions. However, one thing is for sure: VR is here to stay. Get ready to step into another world!More reading Wearable technology????????????Did you know that some technology can be worn?In fact, wearable technology has been around for some time. The first people to experiment with the idea were managers of sports teams. They wanted to know how athletes could use technology to improve their performance. Special vests, created to monitor an athlete’s body, can measure how fast the heart is beating and how hard the athlete is breathing. Scientists have also developed ‘cooling’ vests to help athletes perform better in difficult conditions, such as hot weather. Furthermore, an American company is currently researching clothes for soldiers to help them run faster, jump higher and lift heavier equipment.Before long, we will have technology in our everyday clothing.A computer hidden in a coat could be operated by a keyboard on one of the sleeves.Electronic sunglasses could show us maps of where we are standing and point us in the direction that we want to go. Our clothes could also monitor our bodies. They could tell us when we need to eat certain foods, take medicine or rest in order to stay healthy.There is only one problem with clothes like these: They may be difficult to wash. Electricity and water do not mix! You could remove the electronic parts before washing, but putting them back in again could take hours. Designers are now building small wires into the fabric of the clothing to solve this problem.These clothes could appear in shops any day now. Soon, we could all be wearing electronic clothes.Chapter 6Reading Transforming MarsEver since the beginning of history, people have dreamt of interplanetary travel. For centuries, these dreams have always remained dreams. However, scientists now want to make these dreams come true. They are planning to transform Mars so that humans can live there. Within 30 years, the first people will land on Mars and, by the year 2185, we will have established cities.In many ways, Mars is the planet most similar to Earth. AMartian day lasts about 24 1/2 hours (although a year has 687 days). While there is no water, there is a lot of ice in thetwo polar ice caps. The average temperature is -60℃.The plan involves changing Mars so that it becomes more like Earth. This means using the ‘greenhouse effect’ (which we are trying to stop on Earth). The suggested programme would havefive main stages.Stage 1 (AD 2030-2045).The first expedition arrives on Mars, after a journey by spacecraft of about six months. The members construct underground buildings, conduct experiments, look for good sites for future landings, and also check for signs of life. They can survive only as long as they wear spacesuits, because 95 percent of the atmosphere is carbon dioxide. Nonetheless, the low gravity (one-third of Earth’s) means they can move around easily.Stage 2 (AD 2045-2095)More expeditions arrive. Huge mirrors are put in orbit round Mars to heat the polar ice caps. The ice caps are sprayed black, so that they do not reflect the heat away. Chemicals arereleased into the air. As a result, the atmosphere becomesthicker and retains more of the Sun’s heat. If the greenhouseeffect can be started, the ice caps will melt, releasing water vapour, and the temperature will rise to -40℃.Stage 3 (AD 2095-2130)Next, plants are introduced from Earth. If these plants can survive on Mars, carbon dioxide can be converted into oxygen. The first clouds appear, and the sky slowly turns from pink to blue. The temperature goes to -15℃.Stage 4 (AD 2130-2145)The warming continues, melting more ice. Rivers and smalloceans are made. More people migrate from Earth and construct towns. Forests of trees are planted. Mars is looking greener. The temperature is 0℃.Stage 5 (AD 2145-2185)Mars is getting more like Earth. The amount of oxygen in theair rises, and the air becomes breathable. The inhabitants cango outside without spacesuits. The temperature reaches10℃.(Since Mars is 228 million kilometers from the Sun, it can never be as warm as Earth) Cities, farms and industries arebuilt all over Mars. The transformation is complete.More reading Chinese manned space flightsChinese people have always dreamt of flying to space. Around AD 1500, a man named Wan Hu made the first attempt at space flight. He sat down in his chair, tried 47 rockets to it, and then litthem. There was a big boom. When the smoke cleared, Wan Hu was gone. The people watching might have thought that he was successful. However, we know now that his rockets were not powerful enough to send him into space. He most likely was consumed in the explosion.Jumping ahead nearly 500 years, in 1992 China began its manned space programme, leading to the space flight of Yang Liwei, China’s first astronaut, in Shenzhou 5 on 15 Oc tober 2003. China became the third country, after the USA and Russia, to send a man into space. Yang Liwei spent only about 21hours in space. This time was beaten by China’s next manned space flight, Shenzhou 6, which began on 12 October this flight, Chinese astronauts Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng spent five days orbiting Earth.In the future, China plans to have its own manned space station orbiting Earth. China is also developing a programme, named Chang’e after the story of a beautiful young girl who fl oated to the Moon, of missions leading to a lunar station. Chinese scientists are already researching on the idea of sending women into space. If China sends a woman to the Moon, the story of Chang’e will no longer be so difficult to believe。

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文（包括AdditionalReading）及重点词组高二第二学期17. Words and their stories18. English proverbs19. Tips on making a public speech20. Keep it short for the audience’s sake21. Making friends22. What does friendship mean to westerners?23. Adjo24. Ryan, his friends, and his incredible torch run25. The father of modern physics26. The survival of the fittest27. Miracle in the rice field28. Newton’s three important laws29. Oliver wants more (Adapted from Oliver Twist Charles Dickens)30. Enjoy the classics31. Is she guilty? (Adapted from The Prince and the Pauper Mark Twain)32. Mark Twain1高二第二学期217. Words and their storiesEAGER BEAVER An eager beaver is a person who is always willing to do and is excited about doing what is expected of him.Suppose, for example, that a teacher tells his students they each must solve one hundred math problems before coming to school the next day. The children complain about so much homework. But one student does not protest at all. That student is an eager beaver. He loves to do math problems, and does not mind all the homework.The expression is said to have come from the name of a hard-working animal---the beaver.Beavers are strange-looking creatures. They spend a lot of time in the water, building dams to create little lakes or ponds. They use their huge teeth and work hard to cut down trees, remove branches and put them across streams. They use their tails to pack mud on the branches to make the dams solid. Few other animals work so hard.Historians say the beaver had an important part in the settlement of North America.There were hundreds of millions of beavers when European settlers first arrived. The settlers put great value on the fur of beavers. In fact, for two hundred years or more, beavers provided the most valuable fur in North America. Beaver skins often used as money.Young men looking for adventure headed west across the country to search for beavers. In their search, they explored much of the western territories. The trading posts, where they exchanged beaver skins for the goods they needed, became villages, and later towns and cities. IT’S IN THE BAG The bag---one of the simplest and most useful things in every man or woman’slife---has given the world many strange expressions that are not very simple. A number of these expressions are widely used in the United States today. Some were imported from England a long time ago.When you are sure of something, you can say, “It’s in the bag.”This phrase seemed to have arrived with the modern paper bag. Before, Americans used to say, “It’s all wrapped up.” Then, things you bought were wrapped in plain brown paper, or sometimes in old newspaper.Another widely used expre ssions is “to let the cat out of the bag”, meaning to reveal a well-kept secret.No one can explain how the cat got into the bag, or why it remained there. But there is an old story about it. Long ago tradesman sold things in large cloth bags. Once a woman asked for a pig. The tradesman held up his cloth bag. Inside there was supposed to be a live pig. The woman asked to see it. When the dishonest tradesman opened the bag, out jumped a squealing cat, not a pig. The tradesman’s secret was out: he was tricky, and now everybody knew it.318. English proverbsCharactersTeacher of English: Ms Smith (MS)Students: Li (LI), Mao (MA), Anne (AN), Rivera (RI)MS: Good morning, everyone. I hope you all know what we are here for. The topic of our discussion this morning is “English Proverbs”.LI: So, I’m in the right group.MA: Me, too.RI: Me, too.MS: But I was told we would have four…and yet…AN: I’m coming. Good morning. Am I late?MS: Morning. “Speak of angels and you hear their songs.”AN: Is that a proverb referring to my coming?MS: Exactly.LI: We have a saying in Chinese, which I think is very close in meaning…MA: Speak of Cao Cao and he appears.MS: Right. Well, “first things first”. A proverb is a traditional saying which offers advice or presents a moral in a short and brief manner. A proverb normally is a sentence, into which the writer often works rhyme. For instance, “East or west, home is best.” Sometimes it comes out in the form of a phrase.MA: I’ve seen dictionaries of proverbs.MS: Well, there are thousands of proverbs. They fall into three main categories. Those of the first type take the form of abstract statements. They express general truths. Here are two good examples: “One is never too old to learn.” and “A man who neglects his studies in youth w ill regret it in later years.”RI: I think there is some truth in both proverbs. To encourage a person who has had little education for some reason as a young man, we may use the former. With us, I guess the latter works.MS: So you have to keep this in mind. Never use proverbs out of context. “One man’s meat isanother man’s poison.”LI: I see. Then, what is the second type?MS: The second type uses specific observations from everyday experience to make a general point.AN: “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.” Does it fall into the second category?MS: You’re right, dear. Then the third type consists of sayings from particular areas of traditional customs and beliefs. “After dinner, rest a while; after supper, walk a mile.” is an example of this type. Such proverbs are often related to agriculture, the seasons, and the weather.LI: Many people hold the opinion that proverbs are going out of fashion. Is that true?MS: The fact is, as some old ones are falling into disuse, new ones are being created. The computer world has recently given us lots of them.AN: I’ve got one: “Rubbish in, rubbish out.”MA: It also goes “Garbage in, garbage out.”MS: I think it is more common to say “Garbage in, garbage out.” Well, I hope, today “You’ll have something nice out a s you have had something nice in.”AN: Thank you, Ms Smith. By the way, do we have an assignment as usual?MS: Yes. You are to collect some proverbs of the first type, that is, proverbs that express general truths.LI: I’d like to collect some on studies.MS: Good! I’m so glad to have been with you. (To the four students) “Strike while the iron is hot.” See you next week.419. Tips on making a public speechIt is interesting to note that speeches are always “given” or “delivered”. They are never “said”. When giving a speech, therefore, it is useful to think of yourself as playing a part, i.e. acting. This kind of acting calls for an integration of verbal and nonverbal communication. Nonverbal communication chiefly involves the speaker’s stance and gestures, t he eye contact between the speaker and the audience, and a good control of the presentation speed of talking/speaking.STANCE This is important to the delivery of a good speech. Stand up straight and keep your head up. Dropping your head looks unprofessional and may prevent your audience from hearing you clearly. On the other hand, don’t stand like a guard on duty. You have to be able to move in a natural way in order to add expression to your words. Body language “says” a lot. Avoid holding your hands tigh tly together; this will interfere with free and natural movement. Don’t play with keys or coins in your pocket; this will distract your audience.GESTURES Gestures and facial expressions are both important aids to the spoken word when you are communicating. A dull, long speech delivered without expression, without gestures or eye contact will not be well received. The skill is in deciding how much gesturing to be employed and in making sure that your gestures are natural.In general, the larger the audience, the more expansive the gestures should be, because they will not be seen so clearly by the audience. In a small group, facial expressions will add a lot to understanding. Try telling somebody something funny with a very serious face. They will have difficulty believing what you are really saying is funny.Different gestures are supposed to be used in delivering a speech. Some people use theirhands a lot when speaking. You must make sure that your gestures are not repeated too often, and they should be expressive and meaningful.EYE CONTACT To have maximum impact you need to make each member of your audience fell as if you were speaking to them personally. To do this, glance towards all sections of the audience and don’t be afraid to move your head. If you favour one direction, the other side may feel you are ignoring them and therefore lose interest in what you are saying.TIMING Accurate timing is essential. You should ensure that you don’t fall short of or run over the time allowed for your speech. Either way, the audience will feel unhappy and lose concentration on your speech. The best way to overcome this is through preparation. Clear thinking about what you want to say and how long your speech will last, before you start to write it, will save a lot of time. When practising, make sure that you speak at the correct speed and do time yourself.520. Keep it short for the audience’s sakeHow long should I make my speech? How long will my audience concentrate on my speech? Hoe slowly should I speak to make myself clearly understood? In trying to answer these questions, we see how important timing is to speech.KEEP YOUR SPEECH LESS THAN 15 MINUTES Lin Yutang, the famous writer and translator, once said about the length of a speech, “the shorter, the better.” Speaking around the topic should be seriously avoided, not only in speech, but in all conversations in English. Being indirect and roundabout in your approach may be thought skillful in Chinese. But in English speech? No way. When one is making a speech in English, he should always stick to the point, and use simple, clear, and direct language.According to scientists, audiences can generally only manage to concentrate for about 13 minutes. So a 10-15-minute speech is about right.The famous Gettysburg Address, delivered by Abraham Lincoln on November 19, 1863 has about 200 words, but it still managed to express the idea that all people are born equal.150-160 WORDS PER MINUTE Speaking speed often depends on the occasion for the speech. The number of people in the audience is also an important factor to be considered.If you are speaking to hundreds or even thousands of people, especially in the open air, you should speak slowly. The idea is to let the audience catch every single word of your speech. For example, when Martin Luther King spoke, even to a small group, his usual speaking speed was only 110 to 120 words per minute.When you are speaking indoors to a small group, say, 10 or 20 people, you may speed up a bit. Speaking at a speed of around 200 words a minute, you can still retain the audience’s attention.So, we can see that the average speed is about 150 to 160 words per minute.Whether you are speaking slowly or rapidly, the important point is to pronounce every word clearly. Otherwise, no matter ho w wonderful you think your content is, the audience won’t be able to follow you. Use phonetic symbols to mark the places you often mess up, in advance, and practise every day before you get up on stage.PAUSE FOR DRAMATIC EFFECT If you want a particular sentence or expression to leave a deep impression on your audience, you can pause a while before uttering it. During the pause, the audience will grow curious about why you choose to pause and they will anxiously expect to hearthe next sentence, which is exactly what you want to happen.But don’t pause too frequently or too long. Eye contact and a smile, with a bit of body language, will also effectively impress your audience. If you simply stop suddenly and remain silent for several seconds before you start again, they’ll probably think, “Oh, he (she) has forgotten the words!”621. Making friendsJamie was like a magnet---she always had a crowd around her. She wasn’t especially pretty, and she wasn’t particularly good at sports. But she was one of the most po pular students at school. Everyone loved her!Why? What was it about Jamie that made everyone notice her? If her looks and her talents weren’t anything to show off, what did she have going for her?Here it is---short and simple---Jamie had learned the secret of how to make friends and keep them. Her secret is: Be nice to others! Jamie was kind and genuinely cared about others: people responded by wanting to be around her.Going along with this big secret of making friends are a few additional suggestions: SMILING SUGGESTS CONFIDENCE There is something fascinating about someone who smiles a lot. We are automatically drawn to someone who is happy. Wearing a smile usually implies the person behind it is approachable. An approachable person makes others feel at ease and comfortable.Smiles also convey confidence, which is really important when making friends. You don’t have to actually feel confident to smile, but when you do, people will think you are. Furthermore, the more you smile, the more natural your smile will be. You’ll gain confidence from smiling! LEARN TO LISTEN AND TALK Everyone wants to talk. We all have a story to tell. Each of us enjoys having someone listen to what we say. It makes us feel important when someone is truly interested in what we’re s aying.When other people find out you are willing to listen, they will be talking to you! When someone is talking to you, zero in 100 per cent on that person. Don’t pretend to listen but really think about something else. That won’t work in making friends.Meanwhile, don’t put the burden of the entire conversation on someone else. You’ve got to do your part, too. It is learning when to talk that is important. Try not to talk just to hear yourself talking; no one else can get a word in.Everyone should learn to give and take in any relationship. Learn to move from being the centre of attention to focusing on the needs of others. Modesty is extremely attractive.TRY TO ADD VALUE TO THOSE AROUND YOU People light up when you recognize something they do well and let them know. It only takes a minute to give someone a compliment or to notice what gifts a person has. It automatically adds value to how they see themselves. Try to be the kind of person who’s always seeing the positive qualities in others. Don’t tear someone down.722. What does friendship mean towesterners?What is meant by the word “friend”? The dictionary defines it as “one attached to another byaffection or respect”. Americans use the word freely---that is, a friend may or may not be a person to whom one is really attached. Friends may have known each other since childhood or they may have recently met. It is difficult to give an exact definition of this word as it is used in the US, because it covers many types of relationships.It is common for Am ericans to have different “circles”. Terms such as office mate and tennis partner indicate different types of friends. The office mate is a friend in the office and the tennis partner is a friend on the tennis court. A person may have many good friends and one best friend. “Best friends” are usually two people of the same sex who have known each other for a long period of time. People usually have more casual friends than close or best friends.Americans move around quite often and learn to develop friendships easily and quickly. About one out of every five American families moves every year. People move to new places because they begin new jobs, attend distant colleges, get married, have children or simply want a change in their lives. Perhaps as a result of this, people form and end friendships quickly.Relationships based on a common activity may stop or end when the activity ends. Students might meet in classes and remain friends for the duration of the course and then stop seeing each other after the final examination. The same holds true for neighbours who are the closest of friends until one moves away. In these friendships, shared daily experiences form the foundation for the relationship. Long-lasting friendships develop when individuals have similar interests and a common outlook on life. the high rate of mobility in the US can explain a great deal about short-term friendships.Friendship and friendliness do not mean the same thing. Friendliness characterizes much of American daily interaction but is not always an indication of friendship. Strangers may share life histories without any wish to set up a relationship. Instant friendships are characterized by the appearance of two people becoming close but, in reality, there is no string connection between them. Two people saying hello to each other after being introduced for the first time do not always mean that they have a strong wish to develop a friendship. Many people frequently smile or say “Have a nice day” or “See you later”, or even give an invit ation as part of a cultural pattern of politeness. Such expressions do not always suggest an offer of continued friendship.823. AdjoHow the years have rushed by! It has been a long time since I knew Marget Swenson. I was a child when I knew her, and now I myself have children. The mind loses many things as it matures, but I never lost Marget---my first love and first hurt.I met Marget Swenson when she joined our sixth-grade class.Marget, just fresh from Sweden, and I, a sixth generation American. She spoke very little English, but somehow we did manage to understand each other. We took to each other instantly.Marget lived up on the hill. That was the place where there were many large and pretty houses. I suppose it was only in passing that I knew only white people lived there.We had so much fun together. We sat for hours in my garden or hers, surrounded by grass. Her words were Swedish; mine, English. We laughed at the way each of us slid our tongues over the unfamiliar words. I learned the Swedish equivalents of hello, friend, and goodbye.However, such fun did not last long, and the disaster began at Marget’s birthday party.It was a Wednesday. I arrived at the party early. Marget and I ran around quickly, putting the finishing touches on the decorations.Some fifteen minutes later, the doorbell rang, and in came Mary, another girl in our class.But after that nobody came. No one.When it got to be after five, Mrs Swenson called Marget inside. She was there for a long time, and when she came out, she loo ked very, very sad. “My mother does not think they are coming,” she said.“Why not?” Mary blurted.Marget cast a quick glance at me, but she didn’t say anything.I took Marget’s hand. “It’s me, isn’t it?” I said. Oh! I remember so painfully today how much I wanted her quick and positive “No!” to my question. But I was only aware of Marget trying to slip her hand from mine. I opened my hand and let her go.It was different between us after her birthday. Marget stopped coming to my house, and when I asked her when she would, she looked as though she would cry.One day, uninvited, I went to her house, climbed up the hill, and a restless feeling grew within me at every step.Marget almost jumped when she opened the door. She stared at me in shock. Then, quickly, in a voice I’d never heard before, she said, “My mother says you can’t come to my house any more.”I opened my mouth, and closed it without speaking. The awful thing had come; my suspicion was confirmed; Marget was white and I was not. I did know it deep within myself.Since that meeting Marget and I did not speak to each other at all.On the last day of school, getting up a strange courage, I handed my autograph book to Marget. She hesitated, then without looking up, wrote words I don’t remember now; they were quite common words, the kind everyone was writing in everyone else’s book. I waited. Slowly, she passed her book to me and in it I wrote with a slow, firm hand some of the words she had taught me. I wrote Adjo min van---Goodbye, my friend. I released her, let her go, told her not to worry, told her that I no longer needed her. Adjo.924. Ryan, his friends, and his incredibletorch runWe met in a biology class. Ryan sat in the front so that his wheelchair wouldn’t get in the way. I, however, believed t hat he wouldn’t have gotten in the way wherever he sat. I greeted him with a “Hello!” and he replied cheerfully. Later it proved that this simple “Hello!” was all it took for Ryan and me to become great friends.Ryan suffered from brain damage and had endured many an obstacle. Yet, he is able to go on living his life to the fullest. He knows the old saying, “When the going gets tough, the tough get going.” to the deepest and most personal extent.The highlight of our friendship came in our junior year, when Ryan asked me to hold the flag that would mark the spot where he would begin his Olympic torch run. When he asked me, I didn’t know what to say. “Why me?” I asked. He gently responded that he would be honoured if I would accept this position. He said that the Olympic committee sent a letter saying that the person that holds the flag must be someone important to him, and I was important to him because I was the only true friend he had ever made that talked to him and not to his wheelchair. How could I refuse such a gracious compliment and request?On June fifth, I took the flag and reached Ryan’s starting point early. By then, the streets had begun to fill with students from the surrounding schools and the area residents. Everyone was excited. Then came the van that carried the torch runners. All of the runners got out except Ryan. They lined up outside of the van and began to chant his name. Ryan! Ryan! Then all of the people that lined the streets joined in. Ryan! Ryan! All I could do was not to cry.The lift then lowered Ryan to the ground. There he was, in all his glory. People saw him for Ryan and not for his wheelchair. It all became slow motion at the sight of the arriving torch. I gave Ryan a hug and then stepped into my spot. The runner lit Ryan’s tor ch and then Ryan began his journey. As he took off down the street, the chanting became louder and louder. The excitement filled the air. I could not have been any prouder of Ryan! He deserved this moment in time---a historic moment that he was a part of and allowed me to be a part of, too.That moment will last in time forever. It expressed the whole meaning of the flame: love, enthusiasm, and brotherhood. It showed us all that love is really what makes this small world go around.1025. The father of modern physicsAlbert Einstein was born of Jewish parents in 1879 in Germany. He did badly in most subjects at school, but was fascinated by mathematics, which he did quite well. When he was fifteen, his family moved to Italy, and from there he went to Switzerland to attend a polytechnic school.After gaining a teaching qualification from the polytechnic, Einstein took a post as a junior clerk in an office. Einstein was happy to get such an easy job, because it gave him plenty of time to think about physics. It wa s the “thought experiments” that he carried out in his head that led to a new understanding of space, time and gravity(引力).In 1905, when he was twenty-six years old, Einstein began to publish his thoughts. One of his theories provided an explanation for a puzzling effect, called the photoelectric effect(光电效应), which had been noticed some years earlier. It was in 1921 that he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for his work on the photoelectric effect.In 1914, Einstein became a professor of physics at the University of Berlin and all went well until Hitler came to power in 1933. Einstein, who was Jewish, spoke out against Nazi crimes. As a result, he had to leave Germany and spent the rest of his life teaching in the United States at Princeton University.In the long course of research, Einstein developed his theories of relativity. These theories were so different and new that most scientists could do not believe or understand them, and it took a long time for them to be accepted.Einstein’s theories al so predicted that solid objects can be changed into pure energy. This did lead to the development of nuclear power(核能) and the atomic bomb(原子弹). However, Einstein himself protested against nuclear weapons, and became involved in the peace movement after the First World War.Einstein passed away in 1955 at the age of seventy-six. What he left behind is a wealth of ideas that form the foundation of modern physics today.Apart from his scientific work, Einstein found much pleasure in simple pastimes. Among his hobbies were sailing and playing the violin. Besides, he loved the company of children.Although he was one of the greatest scientists who ever lived, Einstein did not take himselfseriously. Once, when asked to enter a newspaper competition to write an article explaining how light is bent by gravity, he joked that the competition was much too difficult for him to enter.1126. The survival of the fittestFor a long time people had wondered how life had developed on earth. The Bible(圣经) stated that god had cr eated everything in a week. Some people did not believe this. “What about fossils?” they asked. “What has happened to the strange creatures which existed so many years ago?” they asked.Charles Darwin(查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文，英国生物学家，进化论奠基人), a young man just out of university in 1831, was offered a job on a ship on a voyage of discovery around the world. Life on board was tough. Darwin was terribly seasick and was only happy when he was ashore collecting plant samples and observing animals. It was to be the most important journey in his life. It lasted for five years; he returned in October 1836.Darwin studied nature in South America and in a group of small islands in the South Pacific. On each island there were birds. They were very similar, but the shape of their beaks, and even their eating habits varied. Darwin wondered why they were different. Then he realized that, long before, they had been the same. Each island had different foods available. Only the birds that could eat available food could survive, this might depend on having the right shape of beak. He realized that the same process happened with all living things. Over millions of years, all plants and animals have gradually changed into the forms we see today. What we call “the survival of the fittest” he named “natural selection”. Darwin called this slow process of change “evolution”. It explains why many kinds of creature, whose fossil remains, are no longer alive.By 1846, he had published an article describing his voyage. He also began to think seriously about evolution and natural selection, and wrote two essays describing his ideas. He did not publish these essays because he realized his ideas proved the Bible’s theory of creation was wrong, and he was worried about the anger and troubles they would cause.Darwin spent the following years developing his theories and making them perfect. In 1859 he published them in The Origin of Species(《物种起源》). It caused a huge row because it seemed to deny what the Bible said. His The Descent of Man(《人类的由来》), 1871, pointed out that mankind had come from the same ancestor. Darwin was upset by the opposition. Other scientists agreed with his ideas and took up his cause. The Church prohibited the teaching of the Theory of Evolution(进化论) in some countries. However, today most people believe that Darwin was right.1227. Miracle in the rice fieldIt is said that every scientist has a childhood dream for his or her future success. For Yuan Longpin, known as the “father of hybrid rice(杂交水稻)”, the dream is that he cultivates rice as huge as peanuts, and farmers can have a rest in the cool shadow of big rice plants.Yuan Longpin was born into a poor family in 1931. Upon graduating from the Southwestern Agricultural College(西南农业学院) in 1953, he began his teaching career at an agriculture school and has since devoted himself to agricultural education and research.He came up with the idea of hybrid rice for the first time in the 1960s. In the early 1970s, he succeeded in developing the world’s first high-yield hybrid rice. Of great importance is his pioneering work, which has established China’s position of world leadership in this area.The UN Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)(联合国粮食与农业组织) has decided to。

北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 2 SuccessLesson 2 Top Five Secrets of Success教材分析：本节课程来自北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 2 Success Lesson 2 Top Five Secrets of Success。

该课程主要介绍了成功的五个秘诀，以及通过克服困难实现个人目标的重要性。

课程内容包括阅读理解、词汇学习和语言运用等。

教学目标：1. 理解并掌握本课程的重点词汇和短语。

2. 能够阅读并理解英文文章，并获取其中的关键信息。

3. 能够运用所学知识，谈论个人目标并提出达到目标的方法。

4. 培养学生的自主学习能力和团队合作精神。

教学重点：1. 理解文章的主要内容和关键信息。

2. 掌握文章中的重点词汇和短语。

3. 运用所学知识，谈论个人目标并提出达到目标的方法。

教学难点：1. 阅读理解：学生理解文章的主旨和细节信息的能力。

2. 词汇学习：学生记忆并灵活运用所学的重点词汇和短语。

学情分析：学生属于高一年级学生，英语水平相对较低，对于阅读理解和词汇学习有一定的难度。

同时，学生对成功的认知程度较低，对于如何设定目标和克服困难可能存在较大的困惑。

教学策略：1. 鼓励学生积极参与课堂讨论，激发学生的学习兴趣。

2. 创设情境，引导学生运用所学知识，参与问题解决和个人目标制定的活动。

3. 通过小组活动和个人展示，培养学生的团队合作能力和自信心。

教学方法：1. 阅读教学法：通过阅读理解文章，培养学生的阅读理解能力。

2. 合作学习法：通过小组讨论和合作活动，促进学生的互动交流和团队合作。

3. 情境教学法：通过设置情境，引导学生通过语言进行问题解决和目标制定。

导入环节（5分钟）：在导入环节中，我会以一个引人入胜的问题开始，以吸引学生的注意力并激发学生对成功的思考。

教学内容：本节课的主题是“成功的五个秘诀”。

教学活动：我会向学生们提出以下问题：“你认为成功的人有什么特点？他们是如何取得成功的？”鼓励学生积极参与，并邀请他们分享自己的想法和观点。

伴你成长高二新世纪（下）Unit 8 Enjoying the Classics (2)2、重点词组把……误以为mistake … for…导致bring about完全有理由做某事have every reason to do sth.拿掉；脱去pull off弯腰，屈身bend down具有……的才华be gifted with成废墟，被毁灭in ruins平静地，安静地in peace逐步建立build up负债in debt竞选run for被指控be accused of突然开始burst out看穿see through3、重点语法Should+ Have Done 情态动词(2)：情态动词表达虚拟语气Vocabulary and Patterns1. fate n. 命运They met with a terrible fate．他们的结局十分可怕。

He expected to spend his life in Germany，but fate had decided otherwise．他希望到德国生活，而命运却偏偏另有安排。

by a twist of fate由于命运的安排，由于阴错阳差By a twist of fate，they met again In New York ten years later．这真是命运的安排．他们十年后又在纽约相遇了。

fatal adj.命中注定的,决定性的；致命的a fatal wound致命伤，不治之症The loss of all my money was fatal to my plan．钱都亏损了，把我的计划也毁灭了。

2．ruin n. 毁坏，破产；前途断送；废墟Gambling was his ruin (=the ruin of him). 赌博是他堕落的原因。

be／lie in ruins成为废墟；破败不堪The building is in ruins after the earthquake．地震过后那建筑物已成断壁残垣。