特殊疑问句变宾语从句五注意

第07讲特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句1.掌握特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的基本构成及重点用法；2.能在具体的语境中灵活运用本节课的内容。

1. 疑问词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是引导词，这时疑问词不可省略，而且宾语从句要用陈述语序，即＂疑问词+主语+谓语+其他＂。

►I wonder what I should do next. 我想知道下一步我该做什么。

【警示】宾语从句的标点要根据主句的句子类型来确定。

当主句是陈述句时，句末通常用句点；当主句是疑问句时，句末通常用问号。

2. 含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换含有宾语从句的复合句在一定的条件下可以转化为简单句。

（1）若主句的主语与从句的主语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成＂疑问词+动词不定式＂的复合结构。

►I don’t know how I should do it next.=I don’t know how to do it next. 我不知道下一步应该怎样做。

（2）当主句谓语动词是see, hear, watch等时，其后的that从句常简化为＂宾语+动词原形/动词-ing形式＂。

►I saw some boys were playing basketball on the playground just now. I saw some boys playing basketball on the playground just now.刚才我看到一些男孩正在操场上打篮球。

（3）当主句的谓语动词是hope, agree, wish等，且主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，其后以that引导的宾语从句可简化为动词不定式结构。

►He agreed that he could help me with my English. He agreed to help me with my English.宾语从句除由引导词that，if/whether引导外还可由what，which，whom，when等引导。

特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句1.掌握特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的基本构成及重点用法；2.能在具体的语境中灵活运用本节课的内容。

1. 疑问词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是引导词，这时疑问词不可省略，而且宾语从句要用陈述语序，即＂疑问词+主语+谓语+其他＂。

►I wonder what I should do next. 我想知道下一步我该做什么。

【警示】宾语从句的标点要根据主句的句子类型来确定。

当主句是陈述句时，句末通常用句点；当主句是疑问句时，句末通常用问号。

2. 含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换含有宾语从句的复合句在一定的条件下可以转化为简单句。

（1）若主句的主语与从句的主语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成＂疑问词+动词不定式＂的复合结构。

►I don’t know how I should do it next.=I don’t know how to do it next. 我不知道下一步应该怎样做。

（2）当主句谓语动词是see, hear, watch等时，其后的that从句常简化为＂宾语+动词原形/动词-ing形式＂。

►I saw some boys were playing basketball on the playground just now. I saw some boys playing basketball on the playground just now.刚才我看到一些男孩正在操场上打篮球。

（3）当主句的谓语动词是hope, agree, wish等，且主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，其后以that引导的宾语从句可简化为动词不定式结构。

►He agreed that he could help me with my English. He agreed to help me with my English.宾语从句除由引导词that，if/whether引导外还可由what，which，whom，when等引导。

特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句一、宾语从句的连接词特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，从句的连接词由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。

特殊疑问句的疑问词通常有疑问代词what, which, who, whose和疑问副词where, when, why, how等。

Show me what you have written. 把你所写的给我看看。

I don’t know whose dictionary it is. 我不知道这是谁的词典。

【典例精析】改为宾语从句（2013 上海中考）“Who is responsible for the food safety problem?”asked the reporter.The reporter asked _____ ______ responsible for the food safety problem.【点拨】who was二、宾语从句的语序特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，不管主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句都是用“连词+陈述句语序的句子”，句末是否用问号由主句来定。

主句是陈述句时，句末用句号；主句是疑问句时，句末用问号。

Can you tell me where the drugstore is? 你能告诉我药店在哪儿吗？He asked who could answer these questions. 他问谁能回答这些问题。

【典例精析】例1（2013 天津中考）—I don’t know ______.—Because he has to look after his mother.A. why he is leavingB. why is he leavingC. whether he is leavingD. whether is he leaving【点拨】A 考查宾语从句。

宾语从句中应使用陈述语序，由此可排除B、D两项；由答语“因为他不得不照顾他妈妈”可知，空格处问的是他为什么离开。

宾语从句中连接词的用法以下是宾语从句连接词的用法：一、that基本用法：1. 陈述句作宾语从句时，用 that 引导，that 在句中无意义，在口语或非正式文体中常被省略。

例句：I think (that) he is a good student. （我认为他是个好学生。

）2. 当宾语从句表示客观真理、自然现象、科学原理等时，用 that 引导，that 不可省略。

例句：The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. （老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。

）固定搭配：There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……例句：There is no doubt that he will come. （毫无疑问他会来。

）二、if / whether基本用法：1. 一般疑问句作宾语从句时，用 if 或 whether 引导，意为“是否”。

例句：I wonder if / whether she will come. （我想知道她是否会来。

）2. if 和 whether 在引导宾语从句时，大多数情况下可以互换，但在以下情况中只能用 whether：- 与 or not 连用。

例句：I don't know whether or not he will come. （我不知道他是否会来。

）- 在介词后。

例句：It depends on whether he is ready. （这取决于他是否准备好了。

）- 位于句首。

例句：Whether he will come, I'm not sure. （他是否会来，我不确定。

）固定搭配：whether... or... 是……还是……例句：I don't know whether he is at home or at school. （我不知道他在家还是在学校。

）三、连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which基本用法：1. 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，用连接代词引导，这些连接代词在宾语从句中充当一定的成分。

特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句⼀、由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。

这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。

例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗？I can't imagine why he did that thing．我不能想像他为什么做了那件事。

注意：（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故⽽在从句中它变成了陈述语序。

请看下列两组句⼦：How much does this coat cost? ——I want to know how much this coat costs．Where did you go yesterday? ——Please tell me where you went yesterday．（2）当疑问代词what，who在特殊疑问句中做主语时，该特殊疑问句本⾝就是陈述句语序，所以当该句⽤来做宾语时，语序不需要调整。

例如：What's wrong with you? 怎么了? ——He asked the girl what was wrong with her．What's the matter? 怎么了? ——He asked the girl what was the matter．What has happened to him? ——We want to know what has happened to him．⼩试⽜⼑：1. I said to her. Where did you go during the holiday?2.Mr.Ding asked . What did you do during the holiday?⼆、语从句的时态1．若主句为⼀般现在时或⼀般将来时，则从句的时态不限可视句⼦意义使⽤所需要的任何时态。

特殊疑问句作宾语从句特殊疑问句作宾语从句（一）连接词。

特殊疑问句作宾语从句时不需要再加连接词，疑问词就是连接词，并且不能省略。

e.g.I ask. What are you doing now?I ask what you are doing now?我问你现在在干什么？（二）词序。

用陈述句的词序，与一般疑问句变宾语从句时基本相同，为什么说基本相同呢？这是因为特殊疑问句有两种词序。

（1）疑问词＋一般疑问句。

①Do you know? Who does he often go there with?Do you know who he often goes there with ?你知道他经常和谁一起去那儿吗？②I don't know. Whom should you depend on?I don’t know whom you should depend o n.我不知道你该依靠谁。

③This book will show you. What do the best CEOs know?This book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁了解些什么。

④Have you determined? Which should you buy, a Nokia walkie-talkie or Notorola cellphone? Have you determined which you should buy, a Nokia walkie-talkie or Motorola cellphone?你决定好买诺基亚的无线话机呢还是买摩托罗拉手机？⑤He didn't tell me. When will we meet again?He didn’t tell me when we would meet again.他没告诉我什么时候我们再见面。

中考专题复习《宾语从句》教案设计人：王晶晶一、课标要求掌握宾语从句引导词的用法掌握宾语从句的语序掌握宾语从句的时态二、教学重点宾语从句引导词、时态与语序的用法三、教学难点if/when引导的是宾语从句还是状语从句宾语从句中的“否定转移”现象四、教具多媒体课件五、教学过程考点一:考查宾语从句的引导词引导宾语从句的关联词主要有:that,if ,whether,what,who,which,how,where,when,why等．对引导词的选择要注意三点：１．陈述句变为宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中that常省略，无实义；２．一般疑问句变为宾语从句时，引导词用if或whether,意为“是否”（注意：当和or not连用时必须用whether) ;３．特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，用特殊疑问词作引导词，其意义要以特殊疑问词本身的含义来确定．考点二:考查宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序,即主谓语序.Do you know where he lives?Can you tell me when the plane will arrive?I don’t know if/whether he will come.He asked how we could get there.考点三：考查宾语从句的时态1.主句是一般现在时态，从句的时态要根据句意而定，该用什么时态就用什么时态．例如；where he lives.I want to know what he is doing in the garden.when he will come here.how long he has been in China.2.主句是一般过去时态，从句的时态要变成相应的过去时态．例如:where he lived.（一般现在时变为一般过去时）I wanted to know what he was doing .(现在进行时变为过去进行时)when he would come here.(一般将来时变为过去将来时) how long he had been in China.(现在完成时变为过去完成时)注意:当宾语从句是客观真理自然规律时,不管主句用什么时态,从句总用一般现在时.The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun.考点四：考查宾语从句的“否定转移”现象在“I think/believe/suppose+that”从句中，对从句的否定往往前移到主句的谓语部分，习惯上称为“否定转移”．选一选--Shall we invite our teacherto the party?--That’s a good idea.But I_____think she_____come.A.don’t; willB./;won’tC.won’t; willD. do; won’t考点五：考查if/when引导的是宾语从句还是状语从句试比较一:I don’t know if he will come tomorrow.(if “是否”，引导宾语从句．时态：根据句意该用什么时态就用什么时态） If he comes, we will go to the zoo．（if“如果”，引导条件状语从句．时态：主句将来时，从句一般现在时）试比较二：I have no idea when he will come.（when“什么时候”，引导宾语从句）I will tell you when he comes.(when“当...的时候”,引导时间状语从句)限时小测验1.Do you remember________?A.where did you buy the dictionaryB.where you bought the dictionaryC.where do you buy the dictionaryD.where you buy the dictionary2.—Could you tell me __________?-Sorry, I don’t know. You can ask the Policeman over there.A.where the science museum isB.how can I get to the science museumC.where is the science museumD.the science museum is where3.Can you tell us ________________________?A.If your father doesB.what does your father doC.Your father does whatD.what your father does4.Do you know ____________________?A.what are you listeningB.what you are listeningC.What you are listening toD.what are you listening to5.I don’t know if his uncle____.I think he_____if it doesn’t rain.A.will come, comesB.will come, will comees, comeses, will come6.I don’t know when Mr Green_______.When he _____,you must tell me.es back, comes backB.will come back, comes backC.will come back, will come backes back, will come back7.We don’t know if it_______tomorrow. If it______, we will go hiking.A.will rain, won’t rainB.rains, doesn’t rainC.will rain, doesn’t rainD.rains, won’t rain8．--Shall we invite our teacherto the party?--That’s a good idea.But I_____think she_____come.A.don’t; willB./;won’tC.won’t; willD. do; won’t9.My uncle remembered＿＿＿＿＿．A.when we moved to the townB.when did we move to the townC.when we move to the townD.when do we move to the town10.We were told that light______much faster than sound.A.TravelledB.travelsC.wasD.will be11.—Could you tell us how long___________?-About three days.A.does the sports meeting lastB.the sports meeting lastsC.will the sports meeting lastD.the sports meeting will last12.Mr King didn’t know_____yesterday evening.A.when does his son come backB.when his son comes backC.when did his son come backD.when his son came back13.They wondered if the teacher____them some English songs the nextweekA.would teachB.had taughtC.will teachD.taught14.--Could you tell me___ she is looking for?--Her cousin, Sue.A. thatB.whoseC.whoD.which15.Do you know___ we will talk about at tomorrow’s meeting?A.whatB.thatC.whereD.how16.The teacher asked me___I needed any help.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.which。

宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。

一、基本讲解1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。

eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)2.连接词(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。

e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2)以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。

a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用ifeg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether u go or not?c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。

E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you?特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。