一般过去时-六年级英语知识点

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一般过去时(小学)

一、定义

1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。如:

She ate three apples yesterday. 昨天她吃了三个苹果。

I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床。

My father was very busy last week.我父亲上周很忙。

2.表示过去经常或过去反复发生的动作(也可与often,always等频率副词连用)。如:

He always got up very early when he was young.年轻的时候,他每天总是起得很早。

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二、谓语形式:动词的过去式

(1)She was a student two years ago. 两年前她是一个学生。

(这件事情已经过去了,所以be动词is要用过去式was)

(2)they were students two years ago. 两年前他们/她们是学生。

(这件事情已经过去了,所以be动词are要用过去式were)

(3) Ann washed her clothes last night. 安昨晚洗了她的衣服。

(这件事情已经过去了,所以动词wash要用过去式washed)

(4) I did my homework promptly. 我及时地完成了作业。

)

(这件事情已经过去了,所以动词do要用过去式did)

三、句子结构:(a) be 动词的过去式句型: (b) 动词过去式句型:

(a) be 动词的过去式句型:

1.肯定句:主语+be 动词(was , were)+其他,如:

She was a student two years ago. 两年前她是一个学生。

2.否定句:主语+be not(was not, were not)+其他,如:

She was not a student two years ago. 两年前她不是一个学生。

3.一般疑问句:Be动词(Was/Were)+主语+其他

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肯定回答为“Yes,主语+was/were”, 否定回答为“No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t”。 如:

Was she a student two years ago 两年前她是一个学生吗

肯定回答:Yes, she was. 否定回答:No, she wasn’t

4. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(顺序)

—Where were you yesterday 你昨天在哪儿 —I was at home. 我在家里。

(b) 动词过去式句型:

1.肯定句:主语+ 动词的过去式+其他,如:

She ate three apples yesterday. 昨天她吃了三个苹果。

2.否定句:主语+did not+动词原形+其他,如:

She did not eat three apples yesterday. 昨天她没吃三个苹果。

3.一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其他

肯定回答为“Yes,主语+did”,否定回答为“No,主语+didn’t”如:

Did she eat three apples yesterday 昨天她吃了三个苹果吗

肯定回答:Yes, she did. 否定回答:No, she didn’t.

4. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(顺序)

—What did Li Lei do last weekend李雷上周末干什么了

&

—He visited his grandparents. 他去看了他的祖父母。

(注意:wasn’t是was not 的缩写,weren’t是were not 的缩写,didn’t是 did not 的缩写。)

记忆:动词一般过去时,表示过去发生事。

谓语动词过去式,过去时间作标志。

否定形式很简单,主语之后didn’t添,谓语动词要还原。

疑问构成有规则,主语前面加did。

四、常用的时间状语

yesterday 昨天two days ago 两天前 long ago 很久以前 in 1989 在1989年a moment ago 刚才

^

just now 刚才 last+ week(year,night,month)上一周(去年,昨晚,上个月)

过去式的构成:be动词和实义动词过去式的构成:

⑴ 系动词be 的过去式有两种形式:was 和were。其中was是am和is的过去式,were是are的过去式。

⑵ 规则动词过去式的构成(变化规则):

①一般情况下,动词词尾加—ed。如:walk→walked play→played work→worked want→wanted

act→acted …

②以不发音的e结尾的动词,末尾只加—d 。如:love→loved decide→decided live→lived

move→moved taste→tasted hope→hoped use→ used

③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先将y变为i,再加—ed。如:study→studied carry→carried

copy→copied cry→cried empty→emptied

④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写该辅音字母,再加—ed。如:stop→stopped

plan→planned

规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆:

过去式构成有规律,一般词尾加—ed 如果词尾有个e(不发音的),只需直接加上—d。

“辅音字母+y”在词尾,变y为i加—ed 。“一辅重闭”作尾巴,双写之后加—ed 。

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(3)不规则动词的过去式的变化规律(见课本P69)

送给孩子们三句话,一生受益!

第一句话:不要以为小,就不想努力跑

第二句话:世界上最厉害的不是钱袋,而是脑袋

第三句话:学习上吃苦,一辈子受补

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随堂练习:

一.写出下列动词的过去式。

[

is ________ _______ ________ _______ ’’t________ ________ _______ _______

_______ 13 stop _______14

二.用适当的词完成下列对话。

1.— How was your weekend — It ______ great.

— What _______ you ______ last weekend — I _______ some homework.

2.— What ______ she ______ last weekend — She _______ to the beach.

3.— What _______ they do last weekend — They ________ to the movies.

三.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

1. We _________ (enjoy) ourselves at the party last night.

____________ (study) for the English test last Sunday.

you ______ (go) to the Great Wall last year

4. What day _______ (be) it yesterday

old man _______(be)ill and went to see a doctor.

________ (have) a party last night.

__________ (visit) the museum and went home.

8.— How _______ (be) the students — They were very friendly.

often_______(have)supper at home. Today he ______ (have) supper at school.

had great fun _______ (play) in the water.

made me ______ (feel) very happy.

he _______(have) lunch at nine-No, he didn’t.

_________(buy) a guitar yesterday.

四.句型转换。

1. He came here last month. (改为否定句)

He _______ _______ here last month.

2..They played football this morning. (改为一般疑问句并作简略回答)

—______ they _______ football this morning

—Yes, they _______./No, they _________ .

went to Beijing last year. (就划线部分提问)

_________ _________ they ________ last year.

watched TV last night. (改为一般疑问句)

_______ Tom _______ TV last night

does homework every day. (用 last night 改写句子)

Mary ________ ____________ _________ ________ .