高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 基础考点聚焦 Unit1 Great scientists单元检测同步探源 新人教版必修5(1)

Unit 1 Great scientists话题素材——伟大的科学家[话题词汇]1．observe vt. 观察2．creative adj. 富有创造力的3．inspire vt. 鼓舞；激励4．determination n. 决心5．research v. 研究6．be curious about 对……好奇7．in search_ of 寻找8．apply ... to ... 把……运用于……9．be honored as 被誉为……10．take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事11．by no means 决不12．give up 放弃13．be devoted to 投身于/致力于……14．be crazy about 对……狂热/着迷15．be_active_in 积极从事于[经典佳句]1．Science has brought_about many changes in our lives.科学为我们的生活带来很多变化。

2．Although he has won_countless_honors,_he never shows_any_signs_of_pride.尽管他获得了无数的荣誉，他却从未有过任何骄傲的迹象。

3．Many scientists regard time as the most important thing in life.许多科学家把时间看作是生命中最重要的东西。

精美语篇Tu Youyou, a famous female pharmacologist and scientist, was born in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province on December 30th, 1930. In 1951, she was admitted into Beijing University, majoring in making medicine and graduated in 1955. After graduation she was trained in traditional Chinese medicine for two years and a half and since then, she has been working in China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1972, she succeeded in discovering and developing artemisinin out of a Chinese herb to cure those patients of malaria in different places of the world, so that she won many big awards. To our excitement and delight, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on October 5th, 2015, being the first Chinese woman who won the Nobel Prize. We are called on to learn from her and devote ourselves to scientific research.◆高频单词1．characteristic (n.) 特征；特性→character (n.) 品质；性格；特点2．painter (n.) 画家；油漆匠→paint (v.) 在……上刷油漆→painting (n.) 绘画3．scientific (adj.) 科学的→science (n.) 科学→scientist (n.) 科学家4．conclude (vt. & vi.) 结束；推断出→conclusion (n.) 结论；结束5．analyse (vt.) 分析→analysis (n.) 分析6．attend (vt.) 照顾；护理；出席；参加→attendance (n.) 出席；参加；到场7．expose (vt.) 暴露；揭露；使曝光→exposed (adj.) 无遮蔽的；不遮挡风雨的→exposure (n.) 显露；暴露；揭露；曝光8．suspect (vt.) 认为；怀疑 (n.) 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯→suspicion (n.) 怀疑→suspicious (adj.) 有疑心的9．foresee (vt.) 预见；预知→foresaw (过去式)→foreseen (过去分词)10．pollute (vt.) 污染；弄脏→pollution (n.) 污染→polluted (adj.) 受污染的11．announce (vt.) 宣布；通告→announcement (n.) 宣布；通知12．instruct (vt.) 命令；指示；教导→instruction (n.) 教育；说明；指导；教训→instructive (adj.) 富有教育意义的；有启发性的13．construct (vt.) 建设；修建→construction (n.) 建设；建筑物→constructor (n.) 建造者；建造商→constructive (adj.) 建设性的；积极的14．contribute (vt. & vi.) 捐献；贡献；捐助→contribution (n.) 捐献；贡献；捐助15．enthusiastic (adj.) 热情的；热心的→enthusiasm (n.) 热情；热心16．reject (vt.) 拒绝；不接受；抛弃→rejection (n.) 拒绝；嫌弃◆重点短语1．put_forward 提出2．draw_a_conclusion 得出结论3．expose ... to 使显露；暴露4．be_determined_to_do_sth. 决定做某事5．be_to_blame 应受责备6．look into 调查；研究7．link ... to ... 将……和……联系或连接起来8．apart from 除……之外；此外9．be strict with ... 对……严格的10．make sense 讲得通；有意义11．at times 有时◆热点句型1．neither ... nor ... “既不……也不……〞Neither (既不) its cause nor (也不) its cure was understood.(教材P2)2．every time作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“每次……〞So many thousands of terrified people died every_time_there_was_an_outbreak (每次爆发霍乱时)．(教材P2)3．不定式作目的状语/suggest意为“建议〞时用虚拟语气，即“should＋do〞，其中should可以省略To_prevent (为防止) this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be_examined (应被检测)．(教材P3) 4．“only＋状语/状语从句〞位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装Only_if (只有) you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make_sense (说得清楚)．(教材P7)5．“with＋宾语＋宾补〞复合结构He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with_the_planets_going_round_it (行星围绕着它转) and only the moon still going round the earth.(教材P7)6．现在分词作状语/who引导定语从句The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying (声称) it was against God's idea and people who_supported_it (支持这种想法的人) would be attacked.(教材P7)◆同步训练在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

通用版2019高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit1Greatscientists新人教版Ⅰ.写作单词——会拼写1．expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光2．attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加3．absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心4．blame vt.责备；谴责n. 过失；责备5．cure n. 治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗6．defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫n. 失败7．foresee vt.预见；预知8．positive adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的9．suspect vt.认为；怀疑n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯10．handle n. 柄；把手vt.处理；操纵11．reject vt.拒绝；抛弃；不接受12．pollute vt.污染；弄脏→pollution n. 污染13．announce vt.宣布；通告→announcement n. 通知；宣告14．contribute vt.&vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助→contribution n. 贡献15．conclude vt.& vi. 结束；推断出→conclusion n. 结论；结束16．construct vt.建设；修建→construction n. 建设；建筑物17．instruct vt.命令；指示；教导→instruction n. 命令；传授→instructions n. 用法说明书；操作指南18．challenge n. 挑战vt.向……挑战→challenging adj.挑战性的19．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasm n. 热情；热心Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记20．characteristic n. 特征；特性21．scientific adj.科学的22．cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的23．analyse vt.分析24．physician n. 医生；内科医师25．victim n. 受害者26．enquiry n. 询问27．universe n. 宇宙；世界高频短语——会默写1．put forward 提出2．expose...to 使显露；暴露3．apart from 除……之外；此外4．make sense 讲得通；有意义5．draw a conclusion 得出结论6．link...to... 将……和……联系或连接起来7．(be)strict with... 对……严格的8．be to blame 应受谴责；应负责任9．point of view 态度；观点；看法10．slow down 减速11．lead to 通向；导致12．look into 调查late. 2.So many thousands of terrifiedpeople died every time there was anoutbreak.(every time 引导时间状语从句) 2.每当我听到这首歌，它就使我想起与祖母在一起的幸福时光。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校Unit 1 Great scientists 基础知识默写篇一、分层单词写作词汇1. vt.照顾;护理;出席;参加2. vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光3. vt.打败;战胜;使受挫n.失败4. vt.责备;谴责n.过失;责备5. n.治愈;痊愈vt.治愈;治疗6. vt.& n.连接;联系7. n.柄;把手vt.处理;操纵8. n.专家;行家adj.熟练的;经验或知识丰富的9. n.挑战vt.向……挑战10. vt.污染;弄脏11. vt.宣布;通告12. vt.& vi.捐献;贡献;捐助阅读词汇1.analyse vt.2.foresee vt.3.certainty n.4.movement n.5.neighbourhood n.6.characteristic n.7.firework n.8.positive adj.9.scientific adj.10.backward adv. &adj.11.enthusiastic adj.12.cautious adj.拓展词汇1. vt.污染;弄脏→n.污染→adj. 被污染的2. vt.& vi.结束;推断出→n.结论;结束3. vt.吸收;吸引;使专心→adj.十分吸引人的4. vt.宣布;通告→n.宣布;通告5. vt.命令;指示;教导→n.命令;指示6. vt.& vi.捐献;贡献;捐助→ n.贡献;捐款7. adj. 有责任的;负责的→n.责任8. vt.拒绝;不接受;抛弃→n.拒绝9. adj.严重的;剧烈的;严厉的→adv. 严格地;严重地;严厉地10. n.挑战vt.向……挑战→adj.挑战性的二、高频短语1. 提出2. 得出结论3. 使显露;暴露4. 将……和……联系或连接起来5. make sense6. apart from7. be strict with...8. be to blame for三、经典句型1.Neither its cause (它的治疗也不)was understood.2.So many thousands of terrified people died (每次)there was an outbreak.3.In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak (如此严重以至于)more than 500 people died in ten days.4. (只有)you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.5.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system(行星绕着它转)and only the moon still going round the earth.基础知识运用篇一、语境词汇运用(一)词汇拼写(注意单词或短语的形式变化)1.With the help of the coach, we have (打败)them in the football match.2.In (结论), I like being praised, but I know sometimes it’s not always good.3.If (暴露)to very loud music every day, young people may risk going deaf.4.When (连接) to the subway, the city will be easy to get access to.5.It was (宣布) that our team took first place.6.With the development of science and technology, the surrounding villages have been (吸收) by the growing city.7.From what they had said, we (得出结论)that we should pay more attention to the natural environment.8.In the meeting, we (提出)some advice on how to improve our work.9.The managing director (受责备) for the accident, although it was not really his fault.10. (除了)their house in London, they also have a villa in Spai n.11.If you are a teacher, you should (对……要求严格)every student.12.Look, your comp uter has broken down again!It doesn’t(有意义)to buy the cheapest brand of computers just to save a few dollars.13.The video cameras (被和……连接起来) a powerful computer now.14.Embarrassing details of their private life (被暴露给……)the publ ic last week.(二)单句填空1.The river is and noise is another kind of serious here. (pollute)2.The (announce) of their marriage will appear in the local newspaper next week.3.The writer personally contributed ￡5,000 to the earthquake fund. All the (contribute) will be gratefully received.4.I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challenge. Last weekI got a new job in a big firm, and I found it very (challenge).5.You must read the (instruct) before taking the medicine.6.In spite of the large-scale (construct) of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement.二、经典句型仿写1.这个周末,汤姆和他的父母都不打算去看电影。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校Unit 1 Great Scientists Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2015·二模) 01830864Scientists investigated why Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then from human­to­human contact. The research team looked at the Zaire Ebola virus in an animal system to understand how it gains strength. This virus is responsible for the current outbreak in West Africa. They found that initially the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission(传送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe.The team analyzed the viruses at different stages and were able to identify several changes in its genetic material that were associated with increased disease.Professor Julian Hiscox, who led the study from the University's Institute of Infection and Global Health, explains: “The work tells us that the evolutionary goal of Ebola virus is to become more fatal.”“We were able to show through genetic analysis which parts of the virus are involved in this process. The information we have gathered will now allow us to monitor for such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies.”Professor Roger Hewson, leading the study from Public Health England, Porton Down, said: “Ebola virus is such a destructive infection to the people affected by the disease and the econ omy of West Africa.”“Our understanding of Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our cooperation shows how we can bring together our specialists' skills to close this knowledge gap.”Professor Miles Carroll, a co­author of the work, said: “This study has allowed the team to be at the forefront of developing methodologies to analyze patient samples recently taken by the European Mobile Laboratory from West Africa to understand disease evolution during the current outbreak.”文章大意：本文是医疗科研报告。

Unit 1 Great ScientistsⅠ.单句语法填空1．When ____________(expose) to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, feeling nervous or anxious.答案：exposed2．—What happened to him?—He ____________ (suspect) of stealing the ring at the party last night, and the police were looking into the matter.答案：was suspected3．Professor Wang said the reason of short­sightedness is complicated and there is still no cure ____________ it.答案：for4．I wonder why Ann didn’t get ____________(offer) the job. She is the r ight person for it.答案：offered5．The army was well­trained and well­armed, and had little difficulty ____________(defeat) the enemy.答案：defeating6．The ____________(construct) work of the theatre is supposed to be completed within the year.答案：construction7．____________(absorb) in his writing, the writer forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.答案：Absorbed8．Always read the ____________(instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.答案：instructions9．They didn’t draw a conclusion until carrying out lots of ____________(science) experiments.答案：scientific10．—Will you be able to receive the guests from Germany?—I am afraid not.I ____________(attend) an important meeting then.答案：will be attendingⅡ.阅读理解(2016·山东潍坊一模)Shake Shack is a new kind of restaurant becoming more popular in the US.The restaurants are not “fast food”．They are known as “fast casual”．Observers say Americans want more choices and fresh food when choosing where and w hat to eat.This trend is one reason why the fast food restaurant McDonald’s hasstruggled financially.In the last quarter of 2014, McDonald’s net income dropped by about$300 million.The January earnings report brought more bad news.Worldwide sales dropped for the eighth month in a row and even more than expected.While McDonald’s is struggling to get their customers back, Shake Shack is doing well in making money.The New York­based burger chain had a very successful IPO, or Initial Public Offerings, of shares at the end of January.On its first day of trading, Shake Shack went from $21 a share to just under $46 a share.Being part of the “fast casual” trend has helped Shake Shack.Other fast casual restaurants in the US include Chipotle and Panera Bread.Bonnie Riggs, a restaurant expert with NPD has studied Americans’ restaurant habits for almost 30 years.She says one reason why Americans like fast casual food is that it’s new.It is creative, and it is something different and people like to try new things.Her study shows Americans made 61 billion visits to restaurants last year.Three out of four visits were to fast food restaurants, like McDonald’s.The fast casual trend is still a small percentage of restaurant visits, but it has developed fast.Just as Ms.Riggs says, “It’s growing by_leaps_and_bounds,_because they meet consumers’ needs.They know it’s being prepared while they are waiting; it’s fresh, quality, good tasting food at what they say are reasonable and affordable prices.”Many Americans still like their fast food.They just are not going as often.They are finding other ways to have a meal.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要对美国餐饮业的新宠儿fast casual food进行了介绍。

第一部分必修5 Unit 1Ⅰ.单句改错1．New evidence might lead to the conclusion what they have foreseen the risk.________________________________________________________________________ 2．Absorbing in the novel, the boy didn't notice the teacher enter the classroom.________________________________________________________________________ 3．I think you are to blamed for the failure of the construction.________________________________________________________________________ 4．Everyone should make contributions to reduce air pollution.________________________________________________________________________ 5．His father is strict in him, making him very sad.________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1.what→that 2.Absorbing→Absorbed3．blamed→blame 4.reduce→reducing 5.in→withⅡ.语境填空conclusion，attend，expose，cure，challenge，absorb，suspect，blame，handle，announcement，spin2．When I do the job, there are some technical ______ to overcome.3．A driver____________ of drink driving should provide specimens(标本) for testing.4．I refuse to accept the ____________ for something that was someone else's fault.5．Even more to the point, ____________ your speech with “Thanks for your time”．6．If people ____________ food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small.7．Despite the advantages, we are usually required to work during the day and ____________ classes at night.8．Alcohol may take a few minutes ____________ into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.9．Such events can ____________ astronauts to a deadly amount, can disable satellites, cause power failures on Earth and disturb communications.10．As we were about to arrive, the pilot ____________ with apology that there would be a slight delay before setting down.【答案】1.cure 2.challenges 3.suspected 4.blame5．conclude 6.handle 7.attend 8.to be absorbed9．expose 10.announcedⅢ.短语活用universities.2．The scientist as well as his workmates ______________their research.3．__________________ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.4．The lectures offer students the chance to __________________ of mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening.5．Lots of factors __________________teenagers' experimentation with alcohol and drugs.6．Previous studies have __________ high exposure to environmental pollution ________ an increased risk of heart problems.【答案】1.put forward 2.is strict in 3.Apart from4．make sense 5.contribute to 6.linked; toⅣ.完成句子1．最后，一些好的英语学习网站也对提高我的英语水平起了很大作用。