英语国家文化背景知识77页PPT

main course knife主菜刀子 soup spoon汤匙
cup, saucer, and teaspoon茶(咖啡)杯碟和茶匙
（2）、点菜
❖ What’s today’s special?(今天的特餐是 什么？)
❖ Do you have anything special on the menu today?(今天的菜单有什 么特餐？)
❖ 如果您不喜欢递过来的菜肴时，只要说"No, thank you."即可。 ❖ 咀嚼食物，一定要避免出声。 ❖ 用过的刀、叉，必须放回盘子里，不能放在餐桌巾上。 人或
侍者表示可以把主菜餐盘拿走了。 ❖ 席间要轻声谈些轻松愉快的话题，尽量避免一声不响地闷着头吃饭。
O
B
．C
E
5.在Rt △ABC中, ∠ACB是直角,三边分别是a、b、c,内切圆半径是r,则: A
内切圆半径r=
． D ．
．F
或r=
O
C
．
E
B
a+b-c 2
ab a+b+c
半径的直线是圆的切线。
∟
．
O A
∵OA是半径,OA⊥ l
∴直线l是⊙O的切线. l
切线的性质: (1)圆的切线垂直于经过切点的半径. (2)经过圆心垂直于切线的直线必经过切点. (3)经过切点垂直于切线的直线必经过圆心.
∟
．
O
．
A
∵直线l是⊙O的切线,切点为A
∴ OA⊥ l l
切线长定理：
从圆外一点引圆的两条切线，它们 的切线长相等；这点与圆心的连线平分 这两条切线的夹角。
please.
❖ I want fruit cake ❖ May I have my bill and skimmed milk. please?

England Scotland
Wales Northern Ireland
College of Foreign Languages, Hainan Normal University
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries 6
7/20/2020
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries 7
Northern Ireland/Ulster
Shamrock三叶草
Belfast: capital; biggest city in Northern Ireland
Lough Neagh: largest freshwater lake in UK
The Giants Causeway巨人堤道: World Heritage Site
16,905/ km2 1st 6,814/ km2 2nd
7/20/2020
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries 18
Official Language: English
Other Languages:
Welsh威尔士语: about 20% of the population of Wales Scottish Gaelic苏格兰盖尔语: about 60,000 (1%) in Scotland Irish Gaelic爱尔兰盖尔语
7/20/2020
SCOTLAND
St Andrew’s Flag
most important river in Scotland: Clyde River
tallest mountain range: Grampian Mountains格兰扁山脉

China
01
Country Overview
National Geographic Location
The United States is located in North America, bordering the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean
and China
Digital relationships and cooperation projects
The establishment of diverse relationships
Manufacturing
The country has a developed manufacturing industry, mainly including texts, clothing, footwear, toys, ceramics, glassware, etc
Tourism
The country has rich natural and cultural resources, and tourism is an important pillar industry
Mining
The country has rich mineral resources, including coal, iron ore, oil and natural gas, etc. Mining is an important industry in the national economy
The government has also strengthened the protection of the environment and natural resources to ensure sustainable economic development

• 感恩节的习俗
• 街头文化的习俗
跨文化交际中的礼仪与习俗
跨文化交际中的礼仪
• 尊重对方的习惯
• 适应不同的社交场合
• 保持良好的沟通
跨文化交际中的习俗
• 了解对方的文化背景
• 尊重对方的宗教信仰
• 适应对方的生活节奏
03
英美教育制度与价值观
英国教育制度与价值观
英国教育制度的特点
英国教育价值观的特点
• 宗教文化的相似性
• 民主价值观的共享

⌛️
02
英美社会礼仪与习俗
英国社会礼仪与习俗
英国社会的礼仪
英国社会的习俗
• 称呼的礼仪
• 茶文化的习俗
• 餐桌礼仪
• 酒吧文化的习俗
• 社交礼仪
• 体育赛事的习俗
美国社会礼仪与习俗
美国社会的礼仪
• 称呼的礼仪
• 餐桌礼仪
• 社交礼仪
美国社会的习俗
• 咖啡文化的习俗
• 骑士文化的发展
03
英国文化在近现代时期的发展
• 工业革命的兴起
• 殖民主义的扩张
• 民主制度的完善
美国文化历史背景与发展
美国文化在现代时期的发展
• 科技的进步
• 全球化的影响
• 社会问题的关注
美国文化起源于殖民地时期
• 欧洲移民的到来
• 宗教的多样性
• 奴隶制的兴起
美国文化在独立战争后的发展
• 民主制度的确立
CREATE TOGETHER
谢谢观看
THANK YOU FOR WATCHING
DOCS
美国文学与艺术
美国文学的特点
美国艺术的特点
• 浪漫主义文学的传承

The official title of the UK
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
The UK is made up of:
❖ Great Britain (the formerly separate England and Scotland, and Wales. )
Ben Nevis in Scotland — the highest point in UK
Wales: It’s mostly mountainous. South Wales is less mountainous
than North and Mid Wales.
Northern Ireland: It’s mostly hilly.
LOGO
Chapter One
Geography, People and Language
1
Contents
I
Geography
II
People
III
The English Language
2
I Geography
❖ 1. Geographical Feature ❖ 2. Climate ❖ 3. Major Cities
Total territory: 242,910 square kilometers
Interesting Fact: No one in the UK lives more than 120 km (75 miles) from the sea.
6
Topography
England: it consists of lowland terrain, with some mountainous

reports; carry advertising; are used for educational purposes;
I. A Brief Introduction (5)
• and provide a forum for people to write letters or phone in to express their views or seek advice.
I. A Brief Introduction (8)
• Even though they live in very different environments, if ever they were to meet, they could discuss what they had read or seen and this would remind them that as people living in Britain they are app part of a particular culture.
I. A Brief Introduction (7)
• The media also play an important role in forming a national culture. By tuning in to their favorite programme or picking up their daily paper, a worker on an oil rig off the coast of Scotland, an retired professor in Belfast, a London secretary and A Welsh dentist all share the same experiences.

• DO say “please” and “thank you” to everyone for even the smallest kindness. Politeness is highly valued in the United States and Americans will expect you to be as polite as they are.
• Negotiations and final decisions in the US are frequently made by one person who has chief authority. Team negotiations are rarely carried out in American companies.
Working relationships
in the US
• Personal competence, professionalism, and accountability for individual performance are highly valued in American business culture.
• Americans believe in having equal rights, equal social obligations, and equal opportunities based on the concept of individual merit.
• Consequently, there is a general lack of deference in the US to people of greater wealth, age, higher social status or authority.

• It wished its customary right of free speech confirmed in writing;
• and it wanted to be allowed to start discussion of important questions at will, not by invitation.
• The Separatists
2. Elizabeth’s Religious Reform
Elizabeth’s religious reform was a compromise of views.
• She broke Mary’s ties with Rome and restored her father’s independent Church of England, i. e. keeping to Catholic doctrines and practices but to be free of the Papal control. Her religious settlement was unacceptable to both the extreme Protestants known as Puritans and to ardent Catholics.
• Through her marriage alliances which were never materialized, Elizabeth managed to maintain a friendly relationship with France. So England was able to face the danger from Spain.
c. Mary, Queen of Scots was trying to capture the English throne. She was descended through her mother, Margaret, from Henry VII. Mary Queen of Scots was forced by her subjects to abdicate the throne in Scotland because she was implicated in the murder of her husband.

nutrition营养
•
Milk Porridge
Red juice
• Many children at school and adults at work will have a 'packed lunch'. This typically consists of a sandwich, a packet of chips, a piece of fruit and a drink. The 'packed lunch' is kept in a plastic container.
British National enjoy a cup of tea. At the traditional British (tradition) on people with porcelain tea cup, one person a cup, a spoonful of tea. The majority of British people like to drink strong tea, but I want to add much milk. Many years ago, people used to put milk into the cup, then add the tea, and finally add water.
这所房子最初建于1815年。在1860－1934年间， 曾用来出租。小说中的福尔摩斯正是于1881－ 1902年 间居住于此。后来，有人买下了这所房子，直 到1990年，才正式建立了这个在世界上也许是独 一无二的博物馆。博物馆的结构与小说中完全相 同，加上精心的布置，使来此参观的人如同置身 于小说的场景之中 。口叼烟斗，总是带着一顶猎 帽的福尔摩斯，在阿瑟·柯南·道尔（Sir Arthur Conan Doyle）笔下成为闻名全球的名侦探，小 说中福尔摩斯和华生住在贝克街221B的二楼，前 方是他们共用的书房，后端则是福尔摩斯的卧室， 书房中陈列许多 福尔摩斯的道具，如猎鹿帽、放 大镜、烟斗、煤气灯等。博物馆三楼则呈现不同 小说中的知名场景，等福尔摩斯迷来细细比对。 小说中福尔摩斯的房东是韩德森太太 （Mrs. Hudson）。事实上，地铁贝克街站的墙上满是 福尔摩斯的经典侧面像瓷砖，博物馆隔壁也有福 尔摩斯纪念品店。

1 、British royal Family
Windsor continues to this day, the current reign of Queen Elizabeth II is the fourth king. Despite a lot of the British royal dynasty after dynasty, but in fact are near or far between the blood relationship, royal blood has never stopped.
Albert square
温莎城堡
Hyde Park
（海德公园）
Big Ben (大笨钟)
Big Ben is located in the River Thames, London, England, is the world‘s largest Gothic building(哥特式建筑). Britain’s highest legislative body – Congress, the House of Commons are located here, so th known as Big Ben or the Houses of Parliament.
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British Museum

This report will provide a comprehensive countries, including their history, culture, economy, and politics.
Theme importance
02
Overview of the UK
Geographic and Historical Background
Geographic location
The United Kingdom is located in the British Isles archipelago, off the northwest coast of Europe It compares the four nations of England, Scotland,
Established independently in 1776, it is a superpower in the world with a highly developed economy and strong military strength.
Political and economic systems
Immigrant countries have a multi-ethnic and multi-ethnic population structure.
Culturally influenced by various cultures such as Europe, Africa, and Latin America, it has formed a unique American culture.
03
Overview of the United States

I.R.A
.A • Origins • Latest Developing Process • Assessments of the Effect • Our Viewpoints
• The Irish Republican Army (IRA) was an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation. It was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913.
• In July, 2005, the leader of IRA attended a news conference and agreed to lay down arms. IRA relieved the army finally. In 8th, May, 2007, IRA and Sinn Fein Party stood in the same line and built a new government. However, two terrorist attacks in March, 2009 made the peace process swamped into hot water.
• IRA has made lots of explosion events constantly in Great Britain since 1939, and was enrolled on blacklist by the government in 1939. • In October, 1954, IRA declared that they would give up their military activities in Southern Ireland and treat Northern Ireland as their target in order to make the independence of Ireland realistic by force.

The Renaissance: A Literary Revolution
Shakespearean Masterpieces
Explore the works of William Shakespeare, a central figure in English literature.
Invention of the Printing Press
identity.
movements, giving rise
women during these
to new forms of
turbulent times.
expression.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
The Postwar Era: Birth of Popular Culture
The Swinging Sixties
The Rise of Hip-Hop
Trace the origins and cultural impact of hip-hop, a genre that originated in the Bronx and took the world by storm.
Celebrating English Culture
The Industrial Revolution: Transforming Society
Technological Advances Urbanization
Witness the impact of inventions like the steam engine that forever changed English society.
English Cultural Background: A Brief History