unit2 Mistaken Identity

八下英语名师学案第二单元作文Unit 2: Cultural Identity.Writing Task: A Reflection on Your Cultural Identity.Culture is a complex and multifaceted concept that encompasses the beliefs, values, norms, and practices of a particular group of people. It shapes our perceptions of the world, our interactions with others, and our sense of identity. In this writing task, you will reflect on your own cultural identity and explore the various factors that have influenced its formation.Introduction.Begin your essay with a compelling hook that captures the reader's attention and introduces the topic of cultural identity. You might start with a personal anecdote or an evocative description of a cultural tradition that holds special significance for you. State your thesis statementclearly and concisely, outlining the main points you will discuss in your essay.Body Paragraph 1: Family and Community.In this paragraph, discuss the role of your family and community in shaping your cultural identity. Consider the beliefs, values, and customs that you have inherited from your family and the ways in which your community has influenced your worldview. Explore the specific traditions, rituals, or practices that have had a profound impact on your sense of belonging.Body Paragraph 2: Education and Experiences.Education and life experiences play a significant role in shaping our cultural identity. In this paragraph, discuss how your educational experiences have exposed you to different cultures and perspectives. Reflect on any significant cultural encounters or travels that have broadened your understanding of the world. Explain how these experiences have influenced your beliefs and values,and how they have contributed to your cultural identity.Body Paragraph 3: Social and Media Influences.In today's globalized world, social and mediainfluences have become increasingly powerful forces in shaping cultural identity. In this paragraph, examine the impact of social media, popular culture, and mass media on your own cultural identity. Discuss how these influences have introduced you to new cultural ideas and norms, and how they may have challenged or reinforced your existing beliefs and values.Body Paragraph 4: Personal Reflections.In this paragraph, delve deeper into your own personal reflections on your cultural identity. Consider the unique aspects of your cultural identity that make you who you are. Explore the challenges and opportunities that beingculturally diverse has presented to you. Discuss how your cultural identity has influenced your aspirations, goals, and sense of purpose.Conclusion.In your conclusion, summarize the main points of your essay and reiterate your thesis statement. Emphasize the importance of cultural identity in understanding ourselves and our place in the world. Express your personal reflections on the richness and diversity of human culture, and propose ways in which we can foster cultural understanding and respect in our increasingly interconnected global society. End your essay with a strong and memorable closing statement that leaves a lasting impression on the reader.。

高中英语人教版必修二U n i t-2知识点汇总与强化练习(总18页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--Unit 2 The Olympic Games 单元要点预览Ⅰ 词语辨析Ⅱ 词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）Ⅲ 重点词汇1. admit vt. & vi. 许可某人/物进入；接纳，接受某人（入院入学等）；承认，招认[典例]1). The school admits sixty new boys and girls every year. 这所学校每年招收六十名男女新生。

2). He was admitted to hospital with minor burns. 他因轻度烧伤而入院。

3). I admit (that) you have a point. 我承认你有理。

4). George would never admit to being wrong. 乔治从不认错。

[重点用法]admit （doing）sth.承认某事/做了某事admit that +从句承认……[练习] 中译英1). 他招认偷了那辆汽车。

______________________________________________________________________ 2). 不准那个人进来。

______________________________________________________________________2. charge n. 费用；v. 指控；收费[典例]1). All goods are delivered free of charge. 一切物品免费送货。

2). He was charged with murder. 他被控犯谋杀罪。

[重点用法]in/under the charge of 在某人照看（掌管）下in charge of处于控制或支配（某人[某事物]）的地位:[练习] 中译英1). 这些病人由威尔逊医生治疗。

《对老师课堂教学的评价_浅谈如何有效展开高职高专英语课堂教学》摘要：作为国际政治经济文化交流的通用语，英语的重要性毋庸置疑，英语的教与学也一直是人们探讨的主要话题，本文聚焦于高职高专英语课堂教学，客观地指出了高职高专英语课堂教学存在的问题，并就如何有效展开高职高专英语课堂教学提出了可行的具体措施，（一）抓住文章结构特点，结合学生自身的实际能力灵活讲解，激发学生的学习主动性抓住文章结构特点，结合学生的实际能力寻找恰当的角度进行剖析可以打开学生思维，激发学生的学习主动性，（三）关注学生的精神状态，适时调整教学环节，帮助学生进入学习状态 45分钟内注意力高度集中是很难的，尤其对英语基础较差的高职高专学生而言，英语课是最排斥的一堂课，学生更容易在课堂上开小差作为国际政治经济文化交流的通用语，英语的重要性毋庸置疑，英语的教与学也一直是人们探讨的主要话题，本文聚焦于高职高专英语课堂教学，客观地指出了高职高专英语课堂教学存在的问题，并就如何有效展开高职高专英语课堂教学提出了可行的具体措施。

一、高职高专英语课堂教学现状及原因在中国，英语学习的现状究竟如何呢？一方面，随着国际经济文化交流的日益频繁，英语越来越凸显出其重要性和必要性，全民英语学习化趋势已在逐渐形成中。

另一方面，很多中国学生的英语学习效果却并不骄人，而基础参差不齐的高职高专学生的状况更是令人沮丧：英语课堂上常常出现瞌睡、说话、玩手机、提问无应答等状况便是一例。

高职高专英语课堂教学另一个需要反思的问题即是教师的课堂教学模式。

长期以来，由于受应试教育的影响，英语教育还存在未清除的遗留问题：一是还未彻底改变教学中以教师为中心的观念，在教学中把学生当作接受知识的容器，以教代学、以讲代练，学生主动参与的积极性不高；二是“翻译式”、“灌输式”的教学方式仍然存在；三是英语实践的量少、内容死、面窄，学生的语言交际能力得不到应有的提高，学生学英语的兴趣不高。

基于上述情况，高职高专英语教学改革必须从课堂教学抓起，开展有效的课堂教学。

Unit 1 Section A 时间观念强的美国人Para. 1 美国人认为没有人能停止不前。

如果你不求进取，你就会落伍。

这种态度造就了一个投身于研究、实验和探索的民族。

时间是美国人注意节约的两个要素之一，另一个是劳力。

Para. 2 人们一直说：“只有时间才能支配我们。

”人们似乎是把时间当作一个差不多是实实在在的东西来对待的。

我们安排时间、节约时间、浪费时间、挤抢时间、消磨时间、缩减时间、对时间的利用作出解释；我们还要因付出时间而收取费用。

时间是一种宝贵的资源，许多人都深感人生的短暂。

时光一去不复返。

我们应当让每一分钟都过得有意义。

Para. 3 外国人对美国的第一印象很可能是：每个人都匆匆忙忙——常常处于压力之下。

城里人看上去总是在匆匆地赶往他们要去的地方，在商店里他们焦躁不安地指望店员能马上来为他们服务，或者为了赶快买完东西，用肘来推搡他人。

白天吃饭时人们也都匆匆忙忙，这部分地反映出这个国家的生活节奏。

工作时间被认为是宝贵的。

Para. 3b 在公共用餐场所，人们都等着别人吃完后用餐，以便按时赶回去工作。

你还会发现司机开车很鲁莽，人们推搡着在你身边过去。

你会怀念微笑、简短的交谈以及与陌生人的随意闲聊。

不要觉得这是针对你个人的，这是因为人们非常珍惜时间，而且也不喜欢他人“浪费”时间到不恰当的地步。

Para. 4 许多刚到美国的人会怀念诸如商务拜访等场合开始时的寒暄。

他们也会怀念那种一边喝茶或咖啡一边进行的礼节性交流，这也许是他们自己国家的一种习俗。

他们也许还会怀念在饭店或咖啡馆里谈生意时的那种轻松悠闲的交谈。

一般说来，美国人是不会在如此轻松的环境里通过长时间的闲聊来评价他们的客人的，更不用说会在增进相互间信任的过程中带他们出去吃饭，或带他们去打高尔夫球。

既然我们通常是通过工作而不是社交来评估和了解他人，我们就开门见山地谈正事。

因此，时间老是在我们心中的耳朵里滴滴答答地响着。

Para. 5 因此，我们千方百计地节约时间。

《高职英语教学大纲》一、课程定位英语教学是学校提升层次和培养现代技术应用型人才的重要标志，是为各专业服务的公共基础课，是各个专业的必修课。

本着“以实用为主，以应用为目的”的教学思想，英语教学一是为达到某种实用交际性目的的手段，教学以培养学生的语言运用能力为目标；二是作为一种人文启蒙课程，在教学中渗透人文知识内容，加强学生思想道德教育，提高学生的综合人文素质。

二、培养目标1.知识目标：培养学生掌握一定的、必要的、实用的英语语音、词汇、语法等英语基础知识和技能。

B级的起点词汇为1，000个词，认知2，500个词汇。

A级的起点词汇为1，600个词，认知3，400个词汇，另加认知英语专业词汇400个。

2.能力目标：具有一定的听、说、读、写、译的能力,从而能借助词典阅读和翻译与学生的专业或就业工作中将可能接触到的有关英语业务资料，使学生能以英语为工具,获取专业所需要的信息. 在涉外交际的日常活动和业务活动中进行简单的口头和书面交流,同时指导学习方法, 增强其自主学习能力，为进一步提高英语应用能力水平打下较好的基础.培养逻辑思维能力. 提高文化素质，达到《高等专科学校应用能力考试》的要求.3.素质目标：不仅传授英语学习的本领，而且要激励、唤醒、鼓舞每一个学生；加强对学生的人品，人格，品德，品行，道德，修养，素养，教养，涵养，情操，礼貌礼仪、风范魅力、举止风度和人文精神等的要求，教会学生学会做人、学会学习、学会感恩、学会交际与沟通，把学生培养成一个正常的守法的公民，而不仅仅是高技能的会工作的机器。

三、课时分配90-100课时（21世纪大学实用英语）Book One三、课程教学内容(Book 1)Unit One重点：●课文——Text A Transition Point in my lifeText B What I Hope to Gain from a College EducationText C Devlin’s Advice●语法——Verb Tenses (1)●写作——Registration Form●练习——Exercises for Unit One●听说——Introducing Yourself, Getting to Know People, ListeningPractice难点：●Vocabulary●StructureUnit Two重点：●课文——Text A He Helped the BlindText B Don’t Eat the T omatoes; They’re Poisonous!Text C Ups and Downs●语法——Verb Tenses (2)●写作——Book Order Form●练习——Exercises for Unit Two●听说——Offering Help, Expressing Willingness to Help, Listening难点：●Vocabulary●StructureUnit Three重点：●课文——Text A Thanks, Mom, for All You Have DoneText B His Life’s WorkText C The Odd Couple●语法——Verb Tenses (3)●写作——Application Form●练习——Exercises for Unit Three●听说——Why to Say “Thank You”, Expressing Gratitude, ListeningPractice难点：●Vocabulary●StructureUnit Five重点：●课文——Text A The Treasure in the OrchardText B The Golden Carambola TreeText C A Dinner of Smells●语法——Sentence Pattern●写作——Greeting Card●练习——Exercises for Unit Five●听说——The Language for Making Requests, Making Requests,Listening Practice●Vocabulary●StructureUnit Six重点：●课文——Text A Tracking Down My DreamText B From Crutches to a World-class RunnerText C Socrates●语法——Subject-verb Agreement (1)●写作——Thank-you Note●练习——Exercises for Unit Six●听说——The Language for Building Self-confidence难点：●Vocabulary●StructureUnit Eight重点：●课文——Text A Learning to LearnText B Maintaining Progress in Your English StudiesText C Successful Language Learners●语法——The Infinitive●写作——Notice●练习——Exercises for Unit Eight●听说——The Language of Giving Suggestion for Travel, GivingSuggestions,Listening Practice难点：●Vocabulary ●StructureBook Two课程教学内容(Book 2)Unit One重点：●课文——Text A MisunderstandingText B My Mysteries of the English LanguageText C 5 Ways to Enlarge Your Vocabulary●语法——V+V-ing●写作——Letters of Invitation●练习——Exercises for Unit One●听说——The Language for Asking For and Giving Clarification 难点：●Vocabulary●StructureUnit Two重点：●课文——Text A Mistaken IdentityText B If OnlyText C A Captive Audience●语法——V+V-ing or +Infinitive （1）●写作——Response to a Letter of Invitation●练习——Exercises for Unit Two●听说——The Language for Making and Responding to an Apology难点：●Vocabulary●StructureUnit Three重点：●课文——Text A I Can’t Accept Not TryingText B Enthusiasm Leads to SuccessText C Learning from Failure●语法——V+V-ing or +Infinitive （2）●写作——Notes Asking for a Leave of Absence●练习——Exercises for Unit Three●听说——The Language for Expressing Determination and Optimism 难点：●Vocabulary●StructureUnit Five重点：●课文——Text A Precious LegacyText B A String of Blue BeadsText C A Story About Friendship●语法——Countable and Uncountable Nouns●写作——Envelopes●练习——Exercises for Unit Five●听说——The Language for Asking If Someone Remembers Something难点：●Vocabulary●StructureUnit Six重点：●课文——Text A Billy （Part One）Text B Billy （Part Two）Text C The Christmas Man●语法——The Passive Voice●写作——Personal Letters（1）●练习——Exercises for Unit Six●听说——The Language for Expressing Sympathy难点：●Vocabulary●StructureUnit Eight重点：●课文——Text A The Top 5 Breakthroughs of the 21st CenturyText B The Chernobyl DisasterText C Why Is It Important to Recycle？●语法——Inversion●写作——Emails●练习——Exercises for Unit Eight●听说——The Language for Asking For and Giving Reasons难点：●Vocabulary●Structure四、课程教学的基本要求课程的主要目标是通过大量的语言实践活动，掌握和巩固必要的词汇、语法，句型，培养学生的语言表达能力和语感素养，最后提高学生的英语应用能力，通过高等学校英语应用能力考试。

《大学英语》教学大纲课程编码：ENGL0023适用专业：统招非英语专业学时：192学时（分三个学期，第一学期为64学时，第二学期为96学时，第三学期为32学时。

）学分：12一、编写说明：（一）课程性质与任务高职高专英语课程是高职高专教育的一门重要的文化基础必修课。

经过216学时的教学，使学生掌握一定的英语基础知识与技能，具有一定的听、说、读、写、译的能力，从而能借助词典阅读和翻译有关英语业务资料，在涉外交际的日常活动和业务活动中进行简单的口头或书面交流，并为今后进一步提高英语交际能力打下基础。

本课程推荐采用《21世纪大学实用英语综合教程》1-3册教材。

该教材汲取了现行国内外同等教材的优点，以我国高职高专人才培养特点和教学改革的成果为依据，突出教学内容的实用性和针对性，将语言基础能力与实际涉外交际能力的培养有机地结合起来，以满足21世纪全球化社会经济发展对高职高专人才的要求。

具体说来本套教材具有以下特点：1.注重培养听说能力2.着眼于提高学生的职业技能和素质3.选材广泛，注重“跨文化”知识的教学4.强调教学的整体性5.将“教、学、练、考”融为一体6.拓展教学时空，实现教材的立体化。

（二）课程基本要求高职高专英语课程教学应以《高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求》为依据，在词汇、语法、听力、口语、阅读、写作和翻译等方面达到《基本要求》所规定的指标。

鉴于学生入学时英语水平差异很大，对入学时英语水平较低的学生，建议在第一学期适当增加词汇、语法、听力、口语等方面的基础教学内容。

在完成所规定的教学任务后，入学水平较高的学生应能达到高职高专英语A级要求，入学水平较低的学生应能达到B级要求。

在教学中应始终明确培养应用型人才这一目标，始终坚持打好语言基础与培养应用能力相结合的教学宗旨。

在教学中，要贯彻以下原则：1、既要注重词汇、语法等语言形式教学，更要重视语言内容教学，逐步培养学生在语篇水平上获取信息的能力。

2、听、说、读、写、译各项语言技能的培养有机结合，使各项语言技能能够相互促进，相得益彰。

Unit 9 famous women1.他希望在下届奥运会中能创出100米短跑世界纪录，然后光荣地退役。

He hopes he can set a world record in the 100-meter race in the next Olympics Games and then rerite with honor2.他不幸患上了癌症，更糟的是他没有足够的钱去治疗。

Unlucky he developed lung cancer. T o make matters worse he didn’t h ave enough money for treatment.3.我相信这些科学家对政府的很多决策有很大的影响力I believe these scientists have considerable influence over many government decisions4.他因闯红灯而出了车祸，不幸致残。

He was crippled in car accident, which is caused by his running a red light.5.那个搬运工在搬运货物时不小心扭伤了腿，医生建议他每天对腿做一次按摩以辅助治疗。

That porter carelessly twisted his legs while carrying goods and the doctor suggested that he give himself a message every day by rubbing his legs to assist the treatment.6.她们的教练虽然非常严厉却受到她们的尊敬。

Although very strict, their coach is looked up to by them.Unit 10 Success1.在孩子个性形成时期，家长要特别关心并注意他们是否有心理问题的迹象。

1.The story is a magical of fantasy and reality.2.Smith himself on being able to organize his own life.3.Each unit including the company has its own, local management.4.He tried to follow Jack's footsteps in the snow and on a rock.5.The author himself from some of the comments in his book.6.Perhaps anger had his vision, perhaps his judgment had been faulty.7.There is a new witness to his claim that he is a victim of mistaken identity.8.Learning to may be the fastest way into employment for young people.9.Bill had become fluent in German during the Wehrmacht's of Estonia in 1942.10.If the scheme is successful, many more homes will be offered the new television service.Exercise B1.在案件调查中，两名侦探假装成古董商。

(assume)2.如今额外的培训可能是推进你事业发展的最佳途径。

(further)3.餐馆早上7点到11点供应早餐。

(serve)4.他因故意绊倒正要起脚射门得分的罗布森而被罚下场。

(trip)1.If the same items appear across different they will not automaticallycombine in your list and you'll need to do this manually.2.Like many other media organizations, the Guardian is operating in an challenging financial climate.3.He was arrested on charges of attempted when he tried to use a stolen credit card.4.The new study builds on early evidence of the impact of climate changes on the distribution,and seasonality of marine species.5.Perhaps most importantly, people — black and white — began the push for racial , planting the seeds of what would eventually become the civil rights movement of the 1960s.6.Changes in styles from generations past have given men more options forresponding to obligations as fathers, husbands or partners.7.While the scientists wanted to explain the effectiveness of precautions, test persons mainly considered this information to be an indication of their mobile phone — not the towers — being dangerous.8.This belief was based only on, however, because for years nobody had actually studied in detail how bats move their wings.9.Some psychological studies suggest that when an Easterner goes to the West or vice versa, habits of thought and also begin to change.10.What resulted in an language of architecture, based on these new tools,which allow us to combine highly complex forms into a fluid and complete whole.Key:E1 1-5 BHIGK 6-10 EFDJCE2 1. During the investigation, two detectives assumed the identities of antiques dealers.2.Additional training is probably the best way to further your career these days.3.Breakfast is served in the restaurant between 7.00 and 11.00.4.He was sent off for deliberately tripping Robson when he was about to score.E3 1-5 JDCKB 6-10 EAIHG。

UNIT 1小测错误Exploratory探索Reversal颠倒Bold勇敢的Evolve使逐步发展Originality新颖、独创性Feel your pulse把脉Min素Vitality Vitamin维他命The monitor is very vigorous in actionTough-minded意志坚定Borrowed words Acupressure=shiatsu 指压按摩House slave 房奴House boy/girl宅男/宅女Work as a teaching assistance in university在大学里做助教Reposition re→again Reposition 复位术改变……的位置更新He is somewhat of a teacher他有点教师的味道、风范Expect 期望 expectation 动作期望的行为或状态Come up to one’s/meet one’s expectationFall/short of one’s expectation Beyond one’s expectation Beyond somebody into silence To neglect one’s duties玩忽职守Make investigation into/on somethingUnder investigation在调查之中Sympathetic植物感神经的Critical moment/stage Financial crisis金融危机Principal food 主食Principal校长、委托人A man full of crafts 手段很多Promoter 赞助者关于文章的开头Begin1、with an anecdote2、with an incident3、gusting a newspaperheadline or sth4、with a question5、with an imagined6、argument between……被系在……上be attached to探索行为exploratory behavior 偶尔 on occasion父母的责任 parental duties揭示阐明to throw light on最终的目的 an ultimate purpose 要做的动作 desired action所希望的结果 a desirable outcome关键 critical point育儿观a value of child rearing 弥补某种错误的行为making up for a misdeed 回想起来 in retrospect善意的 well-intentioned前来帮助某人come to somebody’s rescue极其熟练的温和地with extreme facility and gentleness 把着手教teaching by holding his hand适用 apply to发展的 evolve to发展创造为 promote creativity 值得追求的目标worthwhile goals引语 proverbs and quotations有利的论证telling argument交上 turn in年纪很小 tender age一点也不 not in the least到达进入 find one’s way to有时 on occasion独立的 on one’s own在适当的时机in due course=atthe proper time自力更生 self-reliance弥补 make up for好意 well-intentioned保持联系 keep track of开存款 open savings account利率 interest rate福利 compound interest本金 principal降息 role bake the interest rate 根据要求 on demand宁愿干什么 would just as soon 零花钱 allowance运营 in operation从某人的角度 from one’s point of view获利 harvest the benefit 有……的动机 have incentive to do something根据惯例 by custom度假的权利vocation entitlement 纪念品商店 souvenir store破裂 fall apart值得钱花得值得 a good value Crack open by hitting it with a hammer三思后行Think twice before doing sth明智的Sensible/rational精明的经理shrewd manager不言而喻 self-explanatory短期的刺激 a short-term incentive长期的眼观 a long-term perspective天生的inborn/ innate/ instinctiveInstinctivesinger/musician/fighter选择的余地 leeway正当的理由 valid reason达到如此程度以至于so much so that写关于做某件事的过程例如写菜谱Yum better than candyStuffed date枣 recipe 菜谱One pound of stuffed date / half cup raisins 提子Half cup nut meat / half cup sugarFirst wash the date in cool water, after they are cleaned and dried remove them …by cutting a small cut….chop fine切碎fill the date with the chopped nuts and raisins. Put the sugar in a clean paper bag. Chop in the staff date a few at a time and shape them until they coated with sugar.Root关于数字一MonoUni Haplo关于数字二Di/Bi]/ByDiploTwi/Duo/TwineOxide氧化物Ambi/AmphiAmphibian 两栖动物关于数字三Thi/Triplo/TerTertiary三次方关于数字四Quat/Quadr/Quadri/Tetra Tetracycline四环素关于数字五Pent /Pentagon 五角大楼关于数字六Hex/SexSexangular/Hexangular/Hexago n关于数字七Sept/Septi/HeptSeptangle 对or 错？字典没有！Septavalent七价的Heptachord七弦琴字典没有！Heptad成七的一组Heptagon 七角形、七边形关于数字八OctOctangleOctoplet八胞胎Octomom八胞胎母亲Oct ose辛糖Ose 糖Fruit ose 果糖关于数字九NonNonage青年时期、未成熟、早期Nonet九重奏Nonose壬糖关于数字十Dec Decade十年Decimal system十进制系统Decathlon 十项全能百cent千kil/miliMult multiple多个的多种的Poly polyatomic 多原子的聚合物Million /Billion/Trillion/Zillion 不可数的MyriaMyriad无数、大量Myriapoda/Myriameter万米/Myrialiter万升核事故Nuclear accident核泄露Nuclear leakage核电站Nuclear power station核工厂Nuclear plant氢爆炸Hydrogen explosion核辐射React emission / radiation核反应性Nuclear reactor核危机Nuclear crisisMeltdown被比作原子反应核融化的情况Catastrophe灾难、浩劫、灾难性结局断裂Split and crack板块Plate断层Fault line潮汐tidal wave海啸tsunami 洪水泛滥flood火山volcanoactive volcano 活火山Sleeping volcano 休眠状态的火山Dead/extinct volcano 死火山liquid rock/lava(术语)熔岩ashes灰Come visit the lovely violets that live in the valley here. The loveliest violets you ever have seen. Over the hills or near.Of all the felt 毡I ever felt.. I never felt a piece of felt which felt as fine as that felt when first I felt that felt hat’s felt.I’m thankful for a thousand things: for faithful earth for birth and breathe. For thought and health and strength and mirth.欢笑欢乐.And may be when it comes for death.UNIT 2廉价商店dime store普通人plain folk/average person人人都说for/by all account拥入blend in盛气凌人throw one’s weight around上头版新闻的人 a front-page person不改变hold firm to忙个不停on the run/keep move about名人追星人celebrity hunters避免steer clear of组成make up of动员大会pep rally制定规划lay down集思广益get ideas from the bottom up最大减少利润cut prices and margins to the bone优先认股权qualify for stock options扩大思路cultivate ideas加盟come aboard和……交往come into contact with获得、尤指遗产come into弯弯曲曲的小道windy back roads排队等待wait in line备忘录memo炫耀be flashy尽兴have a big time不是那种人he is just not that way/kind of person前几天晚上the other night最近的一天早上one recent morning成为头条新闻make headline公司事务主任cooperate affairs Director of the company心中惦记always on one’s mind Really story in sb’s mind销售会议sales meeting新店开张new store opening往往会be liable to…带头喊口号lead in the cheer没有感到一点愚蠢、无聊feel the least bit silly善待treat well/right这招管用the move works想方设法做manage to do龙卷风tornado对……感到震惊be stunned at 很大方generous日子好过be better off投身于to be involved in/plunge into澄清make it clear从早到晚all day long不少时间a good bit of time花费大方the tremendous amount of hard labor involved in somebody手艺高明的木匠master work 擅长a good man with tools非常自然地as natural as breezing多年以来over the years竞选campaign竞选总统president campaign手艺skill with one’s own hand 犁地plough/till the soil人生的起伏ups and downs到处ins and outs常指执政党和在野党、掌握权力或放弃权力唯唯诺诺的yes or not （person）降价cut price/discount/take off the full price行为举止carry on/conduct安稳地度过get away with/going on without trouble轻便货车pickup track 有……动机have the incentive motivation睡得香sleep well受到……欢迎appeal to剥皮strip off the skin/bark政治危机political crisis手足之情brotherhood返璞归真back-to-basics回归基本技术back-to-basics skills空虚的未来an empty future林地timberland学会……手艺pick up skills木工手艺carpentry住房工程housing program,闲暇时间spare time担当take on/undertakeA thousand miles’trip begins with one step.千里之行始于足下。

1 Unit 1Time-Conscious AmericansAmericans believe no one stands still. If you are not moving ahead, you are falling behind. This attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching, experimenting and exploring. Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully, the other being labor."We are slaves to nothing but the clock," it has been said. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. We budget it, save it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; we also charge for it. It is a precious resource. Many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime. Once the sands have run out of a person's hourglass, they cannot be replaced. We want every minute to count.A foreigner's first impression of the US is likely to be that everyone is in a rush—often under pressure. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store, or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping. Racing through daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country. Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating-places are waiting for you to finish so they, too, can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. You also find drivers will be abrupt and people will push past you. You will miss smiles, brief conversations, and small exchanges with strangers. Don't take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else "wasting" it beyond a certain appropriate point.Many new arrivals in the States will miss the opening exchanges of a business call, for example. They will miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats in a restaurant or coffee house. Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk; much less do they take them out for dinner, or around on the golf course while they develop a sense of trust. Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly. Time is, therefore, always ticking in our inner ear.Consequently, we work hard at the task of saving time. We produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices; we communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts, which though pleasant, take longer—especially given our traffic-filled streets. We, therefore, save most personal visiting for after-work hours or for social weekend gatherings.To us the impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand. In some countries no major business is conducted without eye contact, requiring face-to-face conversation. In America, too, a final agreement will normally be signed in person. However, people are meeting increasingly on television screens, conducting "teleconferences" to settle problems not only in this country but also—by satellite—internationally.The US is definitely a telephone country. Almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business, to chat with friends, to make or break social appointments, to say "Thank you", to shop and to obtain all kinds of information. Telephones save the feet and endless amounts of time. This is due partly to the fact that the telephone service is superb here, whereas the postal service is less efficient.Some new arrivals will come from cultures where it is considered impolite to work too quickly. Unless a certain amount of time is allowed to elapse, it seems in their eyes as if the task being considered were insignificant, not worthy of proper respect. Assignments are, consequently, given added weight by the passage of time. In the US, however, it is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem, or fulfill a job successfully, with speed. Usually, the more important a task is, the more capital, energy, and attention will be poured into it in order to "get it moving".美国人认为没有人能停止不前。

Unit 1 Invitation EtiquetteUnit GoalsWhat you should learn to doMake an oral invitation to:Invite people to join daily activitiesInvite people to formal occasionsMake a written invitation(write an invitation card or a letter) for:Personal invitationOfficial occasionsGive a reply to:An oral invitationA written invitationWhat you should know aboutInvitation culture: western and ChineseWord order in a subordinate clauseRequirements:After learning this unit, students should grasp:1.Read and understand the meaning of invitation cards and letters2.How to write invitation cards and letters and remember the patterns of invitation cards and letters3.How to invite people to party or dinner, and how to accept and decline invitations4.The customs of inviting people in different countries5.Important words, phrases and language points in the passageIn our daily life, we need to invite others to dinner or take part in all kinds of parties, so we should know about western custom about invitation.Foreign custom is much stricter than Chinese custom in the matter of replying toinvitations. When you receive an invitation you should answer is immediately, saying definitely whether you are able to accept it or not.If the invitation is given by word of mouth, in conversation or at a chance meeting, you should answer at once whether you can come or not. If you cannot give an answer at that time, you may say “May I let you know this evening” or some such words.By studying this unit, we will know about how to invite the others, how to accept or decline the invitation, and how to write invitation cards/letters.Section I Talking Face to Face1.Imitating Mini-Talks2.Acting out the Tasks3.Studying Email Information on the Internet4.Following Sample Dialogues5.Putting Language to UseSection II Being All Ears1.Learning Sentences for Workplace Communication2.Handling a Dialogue3.Understanding a Short Speech / TalkSection III Trying your Hand1.Practicing Applied Writing2.Writing Sentences and Reviewing GrammarSection IV Maintaining a Sharp EyePassage 1 :Information Related to the Reading PassageWhether it is to a wedding, a dinner party, shower or gala event, an invitation comes with some important obligations. Here’s a quick guide to keep you on the guest list.1. R.S.V.PFrom the French “Répondez, s’il vous plait”, it means “Please reply.”Thislittle code has been around for a long time and it’s definitely telling you that your hosts want to know if you are attending. Reply promptly, within a day or two of receiving an invitation.2. How do I respond? Reply in the manner indicated on the invitation.R.S.V.P and no response card: a handwritten response to the host at the return address on the envelope.Response Card: fill in and reply by the date indicated and return in the enclosed envelope.R.S.V.P with phone number: telephone and make sure to speak in person —answering machines can be unreliable.R.S.V.P with e-mail: you may accept or decline electronically.Regrets only: reply only if you cannot attend. If your host doesn’t hear from you, he is expecting you!No reply requested? Unusual, but it is always polite to let someone know your intentions. A phone call would be sufficient.3. Is that your final answer?Changing a “yes”to a “no”is only acceptable on account of: illness or injury, a death in the family or an unavoidable professional or business conflict. Call your hosts immediately.Canceling because you have a “better”offer is a surefire way to get dropped from ALL the guest lists.Being a “no show”is unacceptable.Changing a “no”to a “yes”is OK only if it will not upset the hosts’arrangements.4. “May I bring …?”Don’t even ask! An invitation is extended to the people the hosts want to invite —and no one else.…a date. Some invitations indicate that you may invite a guest or date (Mr. JohnEvans and Guest) and when you reply, you should indicate whether you are bringing someone, and convey their name.…my children. If they were invited, the invitation would have said so.…my houseguest. It’s best to decline the invitation, stating the reason. This gives your host the option to extend the invitation to your guests, or not.5. Say “Thank You.”Make sure to thank your hosts before you leave, and then again by phoneor note the next day.Text Business InvitationA case of mistaken identity!Don’t worry, we’ve been assured that this mystery will besolved in time for ourHoliday Office PartyWe’re leaving the investigation to those who do it best.Let’s get away from all those computers, papers and mess and cometo our office party in your best suit or dress.Come join us and Toast the SeasonThursday, December 9th 2010 5:00 P.M.The Columbia House –Penthouse Floor 485 Jefferson PlazaLeonard, Barley, Travis, Bailey and SmithRegrets only to Dianne 248-8522It would be a crime to miss our party or not be on time485 Jefferson PlazaBusiness invitations can be informal or formal. Although invitations are usually sent through the mail, informal invitations such as e-mail and phone invitations are becoming more acceptable.Invitation TimingFor most formal occasions, it’s best to invite guests three or four weeks inadvance. If you choose to invite your guests by phone, remind them again in writing two weeks before the gathering. Here are a few guidelines for your information:●Six to eight months before an important seminar to which out-of-town executives are invited.●Four weeks before an evening reception.●Two to four weeks before a cocktail party.Invitation FormatFormal business invitations are most commonly printed on white or off-white high-quality paper. A company can use any color of paper it desires, as long as it upholds and promotes the company’s image.With preprinted invitations, you simply fill in the blanks to tell what, where, and when the party will be and who is giving it. It’s also acceptable to include an RSVP notation and your phone number or address on the invitation for more accurate planning.Responding to an InvitationEither use the address or phone number printed in the lower left corner of the invitation or return the RSVP card sent with the invitation. If a “Please reply by”a given date is included in the invitation, be polite enough to reply by that date. If the words “Regrets only”are printed in the lower left corner of the invitation, you need only to inform the host if you will not be able to attend. If your host does not hear from you, you are expected to attend.Never ask to bring a guest unless the invitation states “Mr. Louis Winthorp and Guest.”Most likely, the host will have only enough food and drinks for the number of people he invites. Showing up with an uninvited friend could turn out to be an embarrassing situation for everyone.Language Points1 Explanation of Difficult Sentences1. (Para. 1) Although invitations are usually sent through the mail, informalinvitations such as e-mails and phone invitations are becoming more acceptable. Analysis: such as means “of the same kind, like”and should be followed by nouns or noun phrases.Translation: 虽然邀请函通常通过信函方式发出，但目前像电子邮件、电话邀请等非正式邀请越来越被普遍使用。

A Survey of British LiteratureI. Early and Medieval Literature (Unit 2)1. three conquests2. the medieval period: 476 A. D—the 15th century3. Anglo-Saxon Period (449-1066):--oral traditions;--“Beowulf”: the national epic--Caedmon: the first known English religious poet4. Anglo-Norman Period (1066-15th century):--Popularity of romancens;--Chaucer: the father of English poetry;--Ballads developed;5. “Beowulf”--longest; an epic; features (Pagan and Christian coloring; kenning; metaphor)6. Romance--Definition: It is a narrative verse of prose singing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds. Romances are popular in the medieval period.--“Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”7. Geoffrey Chaucer--the father of English literature/poetry;--The Canterbury Tales: a double fiction; the Wife of Bath‟s prologue; The Wife of Bath‟s Tale; heroic couplet)8. Ballad:--Definition:A story told in song, usually in four line stanzas, with the 2nd and the 4th lines rhymed.--Robin Hood Ballads.9. Appreciation:--from “Beowulf”--from “The Canterbury Tales”II. The Renaissance (Unit 3, Unit 4, Unit 5,Unit 6)1.three discoveries2.Renaissance--a thristing curiosity for classical literature;--a keen interest in life and human activities.3.Humanism--individualism; the joy of the present life; reason; the affirmation of self-worth--Humanism emphasizes the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life. Humanists voiced their beliefs that man was the center of the universe and man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of the present life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders.4.Sonnet:--Definition: It is a poem of 14 lines that follows a strict rhyme scheme and specific structure; it expresses a single idea or theme. (Thomas Wyatt first introduced it to England)5.Shakespearean sonnet:--Definition: A Shakespearean sonnet consists of three four-line stanzas (called quatrains) and a final couplet composed in iambic pentameterwith the rhyme scheme abab cdcd efef gg.6.Blank verse: having a regular meter, but no rhyme. (Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey)7.Spenserian stanza:--Definition: Each stanza contains nine lines in total: eight lines in iambic pentameter followed by a single 'Alexandrine' line in iambic hexameter. The rhyme scheme of these lines is "ababbcbcc."8.Appreciation:--Edmund Spenser and “The Faerie Queene”(written in blank verse)--Thomas More and “Utopia”--Christopher Marlowe‟s Dr. Faustus (Appreication); Tamburlaine;The Jew of Malta;The Passionate Shepherd to His Love;--Sonnet 18by Shakespeare (“Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer‟s Day”): time, mortality, immortality9.The first English essayist: Francis Bacon (“Of Studies”)10.Elizabethan theatre—the golden age of English drama;11.Shakespearean comedies: As You Like It; The Merchant of Venice; A MidsummerNight‘s Dream; Much Ado About Nothing; Twelfth Night12.Shakespearean tragedies: Macbeth; King Lear; Hamlet; Othello13.Shakespearean comedies:--Features: clowns, servants, jesters, fools; dramatic irony; mistaken identity, cross-dressing;--Patterns: The Green World Pattern (Sample: A Mid-summer Night’s Dream)19. Shakespearean tragedies:--Features: characters; structure; soliloquy; traveling; the role of fate/chance20. Appreciation:--“To be, or not to be” (from Hamlet) (Hamlet‟s dilemma)--“Tommorrow, tomorrow,…”(from Macbeth) (Mabeth is tired of the world; bored with life; metaphors:)III. The Period of Revolution and Restoration (the 17th century) (Unit 7)1.17th: the beginning of modern England;2.Cavalier poets:--Reflected the royalist values;--Themes: beauty, love, loyalty, morality;--Style: Direct, short, frankly erotic--Motto:“Carpe Diem”“Seize the Day”--Robert Herrick, Ben Johnson, Rochard Lovelace, etc;--Appreciation: “To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time” (Herrick; “to seize the day”)3.Metaphysical school:--the founder of the Metaphysical school: John Donne--conceit: an extended metahpor involving dramatic contrasts or far-fetched comparisons;--John Donne‟s love poems: “The Flea”;“Valediction: Forbidden Mourning”(Appreciation)--Andrew Marvell: “To His Coy Mistress”4.Puritan writers:--John Bunyanh: “The Pilgrim‟s Progress” (a religious allegory)--John Milton: “Paradise Lost” (based on The Old Testament) (…Paradise Regained”;“Samson Agonistes”) (Appreciation)IV. The 18th Century Literature—The Age of Enlightenment (Unit 8 and Unit 9)1.18th century: the golden age of English novels2.Enlightenment--an intellectual movement in Europe in the 18th century;--Reason as the guiding principle for thinking and action;--the belief in eternal truth, eternal justice, natural equality ;--a continuation of Renaissance;(Belief in the possibility of human perfection through education).3.Neo-classicism:--A revival of classical standards of order, harmony, balance, simplicity and restrained emotion in literature in the 18th century.--Alexander Pope4.“Essay on Criticism” by Alexander Pope--a manifesto of neoclassicism;--Appreciation: “A Little Learning is a Dangerous Thing…”(learning as mountain climbing; inadequate learning may impair a balanced apprecation of a poem).5.Realistic novels:--Jonathan Swift; Gulliver’s Travels; A Modest Proposal; A Tale of a Tub; The Battle of the Books;--Daniel Defoe: Robinson Crusoe;(Appreciation)--Henry Fielding: Tom Jones; Joseph Andrews; Jonathan Wilde the Great;6. Sentimentalism--the middle and later decades of the 18th c.;--definition: passion over reason, personal instincts over social duties; the return of the patriarchal times; lamenting over the destructive effects of industrialization--Oliver Goldsmith, Thomas Gray, etc.7. The Graveyard School--subjects, style;--Thomas Gray‟s “Elegy written in a country churchyard”: structure; theme; (Appreciation)8. Pre-romanticism:--the latter half ot the 18th century;--Robert Burns: “Auld Lyne Syne”; “A Red, Red Rose”--William Blake: “Songs of Innocence” “Songs of Experience”; “The Lamb”, “The Tyger”;9. Richard Bringsley Sheridan: The School for Scandal; The Rivals;10. Oliver Goldsmith: The Vicar of Wakefield; She Stoops to ConquerV. The Romantic Period (1789-1832) (Unit 10 , Unit 11 and Unit 12)1.The Romantic period: an age of poetry2.Romanticism:--Manifesto of British Romanticism: Lyrical Ballads: co-published by Wordsworth and Coleridge--Features: individual as the center of all life and experience; from the outer world to the inner world; Passion; imagination ; Nature; pastoral; past ; Individual freedom;simple and spontaneous expression; symbolic presentations; fantastic elements;3.English Romantic Poets--Lake Poets: Wordsworth, Coleridge, Southey--The Satanic Poets: Byron; Shelley; Keats--Lyrical Ballads: the manifesto of the English Movement;4.William Wordsworth--“a worshipper of nature”;--nature and country poems: “I Wanderered Lonely as a Cloud”; “The World is Too Much with us”; “Tintern Abbey”; “To a Butterfly” “The Solitary Reaper”; “Lucy Poems”;--theories on poetry; “Poetry is a spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings; it takes its orgin from emotion recollected in tranquility.”--W ordsworth‟s view of nature: critique of materialism; a source of mental cleanliness;the guardian of the heart; the beneficial influence of nature;--Appreciation: “I Wanderered Lonely as a Cloud”; “Tintern Abbey”;5.Samuel Taylor Coleridge:“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”6. George Gordon Byron:--Byronic Hero: an idealised but flawed anti-hero created by Byron; love of freedom, hatred of tyranny, passionate, rebellious, chivalrous, arrogant, cynical, individualistic, isolated, single-handedly, melancholy--major poems by Byron: “Childe Harold‟s Pilgrimage” (Byronic Hero); “Don Juan”;“She Walks in Beauty”; “The Isles of Greece” (Appreciation)7. Percy Bysshe Shelley:--Plato‟s influence; pantheism--“Prometheus Unbound”; “Ode to the West Wind”“Prometheus Unbound”; “Ode toa Skylark”; “Queen Mab”; “A Defense of Poetry”;-- Appreciation : “Ode to the West Wind”: themes of death and rebirth; destruction and regeneration;8. John Keats-- “Ode on a Grecian Urn”; “Ode to a Nightingale”; “Ode to Autumn”; “Endymion”; “Isabella”--Appreciation: “Ode on a Greican Urn”: the powers and limitations of artVI The Victorian Literature (1832-1901) (Unit 13 and Unit 14)1. Authors and Works--William Makepeace Thackray: Vanity Fair--George Eliot: The Mill on the Floss; Silas Marner; Middlemarch; Adam Bede--Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice: Emma; Sense and Sensibility; Mansfield Park--Thomas Hardy: Far from the Madding Crowd; Tess of the D’Urbervilles; Jude the Obscure; The Return of the Native; The Mayor of Casterbridge--Charlotte Bronte:Jane Eyre; Shirley;--Emily Bronte: Wuthering Heights--Oscar Wilde: The Importance of Being Earnest; A Woman of No Importance--Walter Scott: Ivanhoe;1.Bronte Sisters and the Female Gothic Tradition:--Female Gothic refers to the tradition of Gothic writing by women . . . that represents the female experience within domesticity as one of imprisonment, claustrophobia and terror.2.Appreciation:--Jane Eyre by Charolotte Bronte;--Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte;3.Naturalism--Definition:Heredity and social environment as the sha ping forces of one‟s character;to determine "scientifically" the underlying forces influencing the actions of the characters. pessimism; fatalism; detached perspective;--Appreciation: “Tess of D‟Urbervilles” by Thomas Hardy4.Aestheticism--Oscar Wilde4. Charles Dickens:--Oliver Twist; David Copperfield; A Tale of Two Cities; Hard Times; Great Expectations; The Pickwick Papers; Little Dorrit5. Poets--Alfred Tennyson: “Break, Break, Break”--Robert Browning: “My Last Duchess” (dramatic monologue)--Mathew Arnold: “Dover Beach” (Appreciation)6.Thomas Hardy--“Shakespeare of the English novel.”--novels of character and environment: Far from the Madding Crowd; Tess of the D’Urbervilles; Jude the Obscure--fatalism;--naturalistic tendencies;7. George Bernard Shaw--the greatest Irish dramatist in the 20th c.--a member of the Fabian society; reformist ideas--Plays: Mrs. Warren’s Profession; Major Barbara8. John Galsworthy--The Forsyte Saga: The Man of Property, In Chancery, and To Let.--Analysis: The Man of PropertyVII. The Modern Period (Unit 15)1. Modernism:--theorectical basis;--innovative forms;--thematic concerns;3. Steam of consciousness novel:--Bergson‟s theory of ps ychological time;--Definition:The style of writing that attempts to imitate the natural flow of a character‟s thoughts, feelings, reflections, memories, and mental images as the character experiences them.--Virginia Woolf and James Joyce4. Virginia Woolf--“Modern Fiction” (attacked the traditional way of novel-writing)--Mrs. Dalloway; To the Lighthouse; The Waves--Mrs. Dalloway: appreciation5. James Joyce--an Irish writer;--Dubliners, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Ulysses--Ulysses (Theme, techniques)6. Psychological Fiction--Freudian‟s theories;--D. H. Lawrence: Sons and Lovers; The Rainbow; Women in Love; Lady Chatterley’s Lover--Sons and Lovers: appreciation7. Other important writers:--E. M. Forster: A Passage to India; A Room with a View; Where Angels Fear to Tread;Howards End;--William Golding: Lord of the Flies;--Joseph Conrad: Heart of Darkness; Lord Jim;VIII. Postwar Literature (Unit 16)1.Existentialism--“Existence precedes essence”--Theme;2. Theatre of the Absurd--Samuel Beckett: Nobel prize--Harold Pinter: Nobel Prize--Definition--Waiting for Godot (Beckett):3. Angry Young Man:--mid-1950s;--John Osborne: Look Back in Anger4. Metafiction:--definition:--John Fowles: The French L ieutenant’s Woman5. Symbolism:--definiton;--T. S. Eliot: “The Waste Land” (spiritiual empitness and emotional impoverishment) --William Butler Yeats: “Sailing to Byzantium”;（Appreciation）“The Second Coming”; “Leda and the Swan”;。