职称英语考试理工类完形填空模拟试题

xx年职称英语考试理工类完形填空模拟试题

“Liquefaction” Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake

Damage

The massive subduction zone earthquake in Japan caused

a significant level of soil “liquefaction” that has

surprised researchers with its 51 severity, a new analysis

shows.

“We’ve seen localized examples of soil liquefaction

as extreme as this before, but the distance and 52 of

damage in Japan were unusually severe,” said Scott Ashford,

a professor of geotechnical engineering at Oregon State

University. “Entire structures were tilted and sinking

into the sediments,” Ashford said. “The shifts in soil

destroyed water, drain and gas pipelines, crippling the

utilities and infrastructure these munities need to 53 . We

saw some places that sank as much as four feet.”

Some degree of soil liquefaction is mon in almost any

major earthquake. It’s a phenomenon in which soils soaked

with water, particularly recent sediments or sand, can lose

much of their 54 and flow during an earthquake. This can

allow structures to shift or sink or 55 .

But most earthquakes are much 56 than the recent event

in Japan, Ashford said. The length of the Japanese

earthquake, as much as five minutes, may force researchers to reconsider the extent of liquefaction damage possibly

ourring in situations such as this.

“With such a long-lasting earthquake, we saw 57

structures that might have been okay after 30 seconds just

continued to sink and tilt as the shaking continued for

several more minutes,” he said. “And it was clear that

younger sediments, and especially areas built on 58 filled

ground, are much more vulnerable.”

The data provided by analyzing the Japanese earthquake,

researchers said, should make it possible to improve the

understanding of this soil 59 and better prepare for it in

the future. Ashford said it was critical for the team to

collect the information quickly, 60 damage was removed in

the recovery efforts.

“There’s no doubt that we’ll learn things from what

happened in Japan that will help us to reduce risks in

other similar 61 ,” Ashford said. “Future construction in

some places may make more use of techniques known to reduce

liquefaction, such as better paction to make soils dense,

or use of reinforcing stone columns.”

Ashford pointed out that northern California have

younger soils vulnerable to liquefaction-on the coast, near

river deposits or in areas with filled ground. The “young”

sediments, in geologic terms, may be those 62 within the

past 10, 000 years or more. In Oregon, for instance, that describes much of downtown Portland, the Portland

International Airport and other cities.

Anything 63 a river and old flood plains is a suspect,

and the Oregon Department of Transportation has already

concluded that 1, 100 bridges in the state are at risk from

an earthquake. Fewer than 15 percent of them have been

reinforced to 64 collapse. Japan has suffered tremendous

losses in the March 11 earthquake, but Japanese

construction 65 helped prevent many buildings from

collapse-even as they tilted and sank into the ground.

51.A. internal B. different C. difficult D. widespread

52.A. volume B. length C. extent D. width

53.A. function B. repair C. build D. remove

54.A. durability B. strength C. ability D. property

55.A. ascend B. pact C. collapse D. recover

56.A. shorter B. longer C. simpler D. stranger

57.A. when B. what C. how D. which

58.A. oasionally B. frequently C. specially D. recently

59.A. development B. phenomenon C. formation D.

position

60.A. unless B. until C. after D. before

61.A. findings B. locations C. events D. sources

62.A. delivered B. deposited C. destroyed D. detached

63.A. near B. from C. inside D. over

64.A. prevent B. aelerate C. predict D. detect 65.A. styles B. sites C. costs D. standards

参考答案：51-65 DCABC ACDBD CBAAD