物流英语(第二版)参考答案

物流英语2(总7页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--Questions regarding the textsUnit 11.what is logistics compared to in the text?In the text, logistics is compared to a unique global pipeline that operates every hour and every day.2.Isn’t logistics something new WhyLogistics is not a new thing. The reason is that Logistics came into being with the advent of civilization.3.What is flowing in the pipeline of logistics?Material and information are flowing in the pipeline of logistics.4.Give examples of logistics activities in a given factory.In a given factory ,there are logistics activities such as packaging, warehousing, material handling, inventory, transport, forecasting, strategic planning and customer service.5.Give examples to show that logistics is working every day, even at night.Transport is operating every day and every night. Material handling is the same, so are other factors of logistics.6.How many sectors of economic activities are involved in logistics What are theyVarious sectors of economic activities are involved in logistics. They are : packaging, warehousing, material handling, inventory, transport, forecasting, strategic planning and customer service.7.How important is logistics in production process?Logistics is one part of the supply chain process which has close relation to the flow and storage of goods, service and information. It plays important role in the production process and contributes a lot to the efficiency of a company.Unit 2are of two kinds. What are they?There are two kinds of products: one is products for customers, and the other one is products for industrial use.is the most important characteristic of any product?Any product has an important characteristic , that is, its availability at the place where a customer wishes to consume it.do you differentiate convenience products from shopping products and from specialty products? Convenience products are goods and services that consumers purchase frequently, immediately and with little comparative shopping. Shopping products are those for which consumers are willing to seek and compare . Specialty products are those for which buyers are willing to expend a substantial effort and often wait for a lot of time to acquire them.4. Do you know of consumer goods?Consumers goods are those that are directed to the final consumers.do you know about industrial products?Industrial products are those which are used in industrial production, such as steel, coal etc.does mer’s service mean?Consumer’s service refers to the service supplied to consumers.Unit 31.Why is transportation considered so important to the economy of a country Why is it soimportant to the individual firmBecause transportation is a vital component in the logistics system, it is considered very important to the economy of a country. It is very important to the individual firm because it may account for one –third to two-thirds of total logistics costs.2. Why do you think that each mode has an advantage with their particular product groupsNote that one particular kind of goods may be shipped by two or more different modes of transport.Transportation by air is the quickest ,however, the cost is the highest. The volume transported by rail is the largest, but the speed is lower than that of air transportation. .Transportation by water is the most inexpensive.3.Why has containerization become such a popular means of transport in internationaltransportation?Containers can prevent goods from being damaged in transit. Besides it facilitates the handling and transportation of goods.4.What role do agencies play in the transportation system What services do they provideThey play an important role in the transportation system. They help their clients to prepare documentation , make customs clearance, and learn information about various customs procedures and the use of foreign trade zones.5.Explain why transport rates typically vary with the weight of a shipment, the distance ashipment is transported, and the value of the transport service.Because cost consists of variable cost and fixed cost. Variable cost changes with the weight of a shipment, the distance and the value of the transport service. The heavier the shipment , the longer the distance and the more valuable the shipment, the higher the transport rates.Unit 41.what do you think is most important in the value-added process?In the value-added process, inventory is viewed as most important2.What will happen if the inventory overstocks?.If you keep an overstock of the inventory, expenses will incur not only in warehousing, but also in many aspects , such as the capital cost and interest , taxes, insurance, obsolescence cost and the storage cost.3.What are the advantages of holding inventories?If there is proper amount of inventory, a company can take goods from stock and meet customer’s need immediately.4.If you were a boss, what methods would you adopt采取 to reduce costs in holding inventories If I were a boss, I would make a inventory plan first. Then I would use the lot sizing concept to balance the cost of maintaining inventories against the cost of ordering. At last I would use the lot quantities formulations to find out the lowest cost of inventory.5．What does the lot quantity formulations identify?Lot quantity formulations identify the precise quantities at which the annual combined total costs of ordering and maintenance is lowest for a given sales volume.Unit 51.what are the two kinds of packing?Packing can be divided into two kinds: one is industrial packing , the other is consumer packing. 2.Which kind of packing is directly related to consumers?Consumer packing is directly related to consumers. It aims at containing the goods, promoting the sale of it and facilitating use of it.3.Is consumer packing of vital significance to logistics?No. it is not .The reason is that consumer packing mainly aims at containing the goods, promoting the sale of it and facilitating use of it.4.Which kind of packing is very important to logistics?Industrial packing is very important to logistics. Industrial packing refers to the packing used in industry.5.what is the first function of industrial packing?The first function of industrial packing is that it can protect the goods from damage during handling, storing and transportation.6.What is the second function of industrial packing?The second function of industrial packing is that it can promote logistical efficiency.7.Must the packing material be strong enough If so to what extentNo, it needn’t .Because absolute protection is impossible, if the damage is within the allowable damage , the extent of protection is enough.8.Why is absolute protection impossible?The reason is that absolute protection makes the cost too high.9.Why must the package be easy to handle?The reason is that the easier it is to handle a product, the lower the transportation rate.10.What does UPC mean What is the use of itUPC means Universal product code. It is a kind of bar code.Unit 61.According to paragraph 1, what does a manufacturer , wholesaler or retailer have to do tosupport the operation of his organization.To support his organization, he has to buy materials ,services ,and supplies from outside suppliers.2.What does supply management mean for most organizations?For most organizations, supply management means purchasing.3.What has given more knowledge about the role played by purchasing to many managers?The concept of supply chain management has given more knowledge about the role played by purchasing.4.What is one of the largest elements of costs for many firms?For many firms ,one of the largest elements of costs is purchased goods and services.5.What percentage do purchased goods and services account for in the total sales in the averagemanufacturing firm in North AmericaPurchased goods and services account for about 55 cents of every sales dollar.6.What kind of managers can save their organizations large sums relative to the competition? Managers with good negotiating skills and strong relationships with suppliers can save their organizations large sums .7.What can create competitive cost advantage that last for a long time?Identifying the right production equipment and buying it at a good price can create competitive cost advantage that lasts for many years.8.What would cause the shutting down of a production plant?Stockouts of raw materials or component parts can shut down a production plant.9.What does the quality of finished goods and services depend on?The quality of finished goods and services is dependent on the quality of the materials and parts used in producing the items.10.Will ineffective purchasing practices lead to a series of negative results to a firm’s operationWhat are these resultsYes, Ineffective purchasing practices will lead to negative results to a firm’s operation .The results are : customers service may fall, and long –term customer relationship may be damaged.Unit 71.Is information important in the performance of a supply chain .Yes, it is crucial to the performance of a supply chain because it provides the message to help the manager to make decisions.2.What a manager can learn from information?-A manager can learn about what customers want, how much inventory is in stock and when more products should be produced and shipped.the phrase “supply chain drivers”, what does the word driver mean?It refers to any part in the supply chain.set inventory levels ,what information must one person get-He must collect information such as customer demand, availability or products and current inventory levels etc.5. what does the phrase “Facility decision “ mean?-It refers to decision relating to facility.Unit 81.What is the possible definition of supply chain?Supply chain is a network composed of factories, suppliers, retailers ,etc.. They supply to each other raw material, components, products and service.2.What does supply management mean?Supply management means the design , planning and control of the information flow, movements of goods and money with a view to strengthening competitiveness.3.What is Ford’s purpose of developing a huge manufacturing complex?Ford’s purpose of developing a huge manufac turing complex is control. He wants to control every link of production.4.What did Ford do to ensure a reliable supply of materials?To ensure a reliable supply of materials , Ford invested in coal-mines, iron-ore deposits timber land etc.5.Why did Ford buy a large quantity of potatoes from South AmericaFord ordered a huge quantities of potatoes from South America to explore the possibility of extracting alcohol .6.What did Ford do in order to transport materials to his plants and finished products to dealers? He invested in railroads, trucks ,and both Great Lakes and ocean vessels.7.Did some specialized firms finally become contributors to Ford’s network And whyYes, they did. The reason is that the specialized firms outperformed Ford company in terms of quality and cost.the financial resources at Ford Company shifted at last If the answer is “yes” . to which aspect Yes, they were. With time going on, the Ford strategy shifted from ownership based control to orchestrating channel relationships.the later part of the 20the century, on whom did Ford Company rely for logistics service?Ford Company has been buying logistics service from Exel.kind of conclusion did Ford find out in the final analysis?Ford found out that no firm can be self-sufficient in the final analysis.Unit 91.Is maritime shipping an important link in international logistics?Yes, it is.2.How many types of shipping markets are there in the world?-There are two types of shipping markets : one is the liner market, the other is the tramp market. you send cargo to a buyer overseas, what do you need to do?-You need to complete the necessary documentation for insurance, cargo survey etc.to book the shipping space?The shipper can either go to a shipping company or simply go on the internet to book shipping space.5.When the shipping company accepts your space-booking, what will you receive in due course? -you will receive s a Container Load Plan.decides the specific location for each container in the holds?A stowage plan for the ship decides the specific location.Unit 101.what is the definition of the supply chain management?Supply chain management is the process that integrates, co-ordinates and controls the movement of materials , finished inventory and related information from supplier through companies to meet consumer requirements.2.What are the objectives of supply chain management?The objectives of supply chain management are to reduce total costs, minimize lead time, minimize inventory levels and cost, improve service level and streamline goods and information flows.3.What are the functions of TPL?TPL functions as the expertise in providing client with professional operation to reduce costs, minimize inventory etc.4.What are the advantages of adopting sophisticated technology?Adopting sophisticated technology can not only reduce labor costs, but also achieve greater visibility , improving customer service and using information more effectively to figure out things like trends and supplier performance.5.How does IT system operate?-The IT system is one of the value-adding services provided by TPL .Purchases orders will be placed online, and vendors pick up them on line.are the selling points of TPL system?TPL system has many selling points such as local service, efficient trucking service, computerized warehouses system and customized operation.11。

物流英语（第二版）听力与阅读理解Unit 3 Lesson 3 Managing the SuppliersDialogueMary & Jack在一起讨论有关削减供应商数量的问题。

Jack: Mary, may I ask you a question?Mary: Certainly.Jack: My question is why purchasing managers find it more efficient to deal with fewer suppliers, rather than more. You know, more suppliers mean completion and competition would keep price low and quality high. Why is there a trend of reducing the number of suppliers now?Mary: I know what you mean. You think the reduction in the number of suppliers will lead to a higher price and lower quality.Jack: That is exactly what I mean.Mary: But in fact, it is not the case. Having only a few suppliers means each one gets more important. That is to say, the buyer’s negotiating strength in relationship to the supplier can ben improved and is more likely to get a lower price in negotiations.Jack: Oh, I see. And suppliers will offer lower prices if larger quantities are purchased, since they benefit from the reduction in the number of suppliers.Mary: Yes. That is quantity discount.Jack: It seems that both buyers and suppliers can benefit a lot form the reduction in the number of suppliers.Mary: That’s for sure. And another important point is that once a long-term and close relationship is established between the supplier and the buyer, they can share information and resources to achieve better results.Jack: Ah, Mary, after hearing your explanation, I think now I can catch the main points of this new purchasing strategy. But Mary, there is still one thing I can’t understand. Don’t you think the reliance on one or fewer suppliers will increase the buyer’s risk?Mary: Yes, to some extent, when a single or fewer sources of supply is used, risk increases. For this reason, supplier reduction programs are almost always accompanied by strict supplier selection programs.Jack: So the evaluation of the supplier becomes more important.Mary: Yes. And do remember even when a single source is chosen, it is wise to have a contingency plan I place.Jack: Thank you, Mary. Now I’m quite clear about this question.Mary: I’m glad I’m helpful.阅读理解：Recently, many companies have been reducing the suppliers in order to save the transaction costs. In addition to suppliers reduction programs, many companies have tried to move away from （抛弃）the traditional adversarial relationship with suppliers to partnership.In a traditional adversarial relationship between buyer and seller, each party sees itself as being in competition with the other. The inevitable result of this kind of relationship is that one or other party inevitably “wins” in a negotiation. This is often referred to as a “win-lose” situation （“赢输”局面）.However, the idea of seeing a supplier as a partner makes a great deal of sense （具有重大意义）from the logistics point of view. The Toyota organization, like many other Japanese companies, has seen its suppliers as co-markers of the product for a long time. This type of association should be seen as a “win-win” situation （“双赢”局面）in which both parties gain more than from the adversarial style.。

18Notes1. China Ocean Shipping 中国远洋运输集团2. China Courier Service Corporation (CCSC) 中国快递服务公司3. Straits Times Index 海峡时报指数4. UPU abbr. 万国邮政联盟（Universal Postal Union）ExercisesⅠ. Answer the questions according to the passage.1. What is FedEx all about?2. What are the DHL’s four specialized divisions?3. How many offices does Maersk has in China?4. What does China Post enter the logistics market by ?5. What is FedEx logistics strategy ?Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks with the following words in the box.evolution involve maintain generate accreditvendor strengthen engage radiate optimize1. They include a system to private-sector inspectors and to create a documentation system for suppliers.2. It may not high income, but it can make them feel like they’re making contributions in one way or another.3. It has passed through an interesting procedure of .4. Every observation we make the exchange of energy.5. Even if we cannot agree, we should our contact.6. This means that each of the participating provides an implementation for each service.7. We must our unity in the face of powerful enemies.8. Getting truly in creating quality outputs for each iteration and phase is critical.9. The complexity of these data sources makes it very challenging to solution performance.10. We the feelings and thoughts that we hold inside, whether we speak them out or not.Ⅲ. Translate the following sentences into English.1. 运输是指将人、货物和信息从一个地方转移到另一个地方。

第2单元包装管理Part V Listening and Speaking2. Reading practice. Please listen carefully to the following sentences read by teacher and translate them out.You should make sure that your product has good packaging so that when people see it in the store it is appealing.✍Packages are either small boxes made of thin cardboard, or bags or envelopes made of paper or plastic.包装或者是用薄纸板制成的小箱子，或者是用纸或塑料制成的袋子。

✍Transport packaging needs to be matched to itslogistics system.运输包装需要相匹配的物流体系。

✍Product-packaging system must survive the environmental hazards experienced during transport and distribution.产品包装体系必须在运输和配送过程中承受住环境的危害。

✍A primary package provides means of protection and handling to a product.产品的基本包装对其提供了保护和搬运措施。

✍Packaging is the technique of preparing goods for distribution.包装是商品配送的技术。

✍To most people packaging means the carton, bag, jar, can etc..对大多数人讲包装是指纸箱、袋子、罐子、容器等。

一．物流英语词语译成汉语（四选三）1、（物流公司介绍语段）With diversified service lanes and areas, state-of-the-art large vessels, excellent transit time, all types of containers, exclusive container terminals & yards, intermodal transport arrangement, up-to-date new information network system worldwide, etc., Hanjin Shipping is capable of providing quality service to the customers. Dedicated Hanjin professionals in more than 120 offices in over 60 countries exert their utmost for the customer to feel at home in doing business with us anytime, anywhere. Our customer service experts are fully prepared to meet customers’ various needs ranging from rate & schedule inquiry, booking, cargo tracking, cargo arrival notice to cargo delivery at destination.2、（物流理论语段）It’s hot stuff at Mckinsey & Co. these days--a ten-point blueprint for a horizontal company. Some of the blueprint is shown as follows:1）Organize primarily around process, not task. Base performance objectives on customer needs, such as low cost or fast service. Identify the processes that meet(or don’t meet) those needs—order generation and fulfillment, say, or new-product development. These processes—not departments, such as sales or manufacturing—become the company’s main components.2）Fla tten the hierarchy by minimizing subdivision of processes. It’s better to arrange teams in parallel, with each doing lots of steps in a process, than to have a series of teams, each doing fewer steps.3）ive senior leaders charge of processes and process performance.4）ink performance objectives and evaluation of all activities to customer satisfaction.5）Make teams, not individual, the focus of organization performance and design.Individuals acting alone don’t have the capacity to continuously improve work flows.3、（物流合同语段）In case of CFR Terms:a. The seller shall ship the goods from the port of shipment to the port of destination in China directly within the shipment time, stipulated in Clause 5 of this Contract, transshipment is not allowed.b. The carrying vessel shall not be the one of the nationality unacceptable to the Buyer.Shipping Advice:a. Immediately after the goods are completely loaded, the seller shall fax the Buyer and Sinotrans Shanghai the contract number and name of commodity, and quantity, gross weight, invoice value, name of the carrying vessel, the port of shipment, the date of sailing and the port of destination as specified on the shipping mark.b. In case the Buyer fail to arrange insurance in time due to the Seller failure to advise in time, all losses shall be borne by the seller.4、（物流案例语段）Backed by an extensive integrated network which provides total door to door management and control supported by the highest levels of communication and information, Exel’s Sea Freight management ser vice offers a best solution for ocean based supply. Whatever size of consignment for shipping, whether on a global basis or a single route requirement, Exel works closely with customers to provide a leading edge, tailor-made solution.By combining the expertise and skills developed in the global supply chain market, Exel offers strategic planning, scheduling, route planning and space utilization on the most cost effective transportation options.二．物流单证用语1．写出在包装袋上印刷的特别指示或警告的中文名称：1）KEEP DRY2）DO NOT STOW ON DECK3）INFLAMMABLE4）LIFT HERE5）HANDLE WITH CARE2．写出保险单、保险凭证有关内容的中文名称：1）insurance policy3）claim payable at5）the undersigned 或the underwriter7）conditions9）survey report三．物流单证制作根据所给的物流单证和说明，制作一份海运提单。

物流英语试题及参考答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What does the term "LCL" stand for in logistics?A. Less than Container LoadB. Large Container LoadC. Limited Container LoadD. Local Container Load答案：A2. The process of managing the flow of goods and information involves which of the following?A. Inventory managementB. Supply chain managementC. Warehouse managementD. All of the above答案：D3. Which of the following is not a type of transportation mode?A. RoadB. RailC. AirD. Cable答案：D4. What is the abbreviation for "International Commercial Terms"?A. ICTB. ICPC. INCOTERMSD. ITC答案：C5. The term "EDI" refers to:A. Electronic Data InterchangeB. Electronic Document InterfaceC. Electronic Delivery InformationD. Electronic Distribution Interface答案：A6. Which of the following is a key factor in supply chain risk management?A. Cost reductionB. Inventory optimizationC. Supplier reliabilityD. Customer satisfaction答案：C7. The term "3PL" stands for:A. Third Party LogisticsB. Third Party LiabilityC. Third Party LoanD. Third Party Lease答案：A8. What is the role of a customs broker?A. To facilitate the import and export processB. To handle international paymentsC. To manage warehouse operationsD. To provide transportation services答案：A9. Which document is used to provide a detailed description of the goods being shipped?A. Bill of LadingB. Commercial InvoiceC. Packing ListD. Certificate of Origin答案：C10. The term "VMI" stands for:A. Vendor Managed InventoryB. Volume Management IndexC. Value Management IndicatorD. Vehicle Management Interface答案：A二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. The _______ is responsible for the goods until they are delivered to the consignee.答案：shipper12. In logistics, "CIF" stands for _______.答案：Cost, Insurance, and Freight13. The process of managing the movement of goods from the point of origin to the point of consumption is known as the _______.答案：supply chain14. A _______ is a person or company that arranges the transportation of goods for others.答案：freight forwarder15. The term "FOB" refers to _______.答案：Free On Board16. The _______ is a document that provides evidence of the terms of a contract for the sale of goods.答案：sales contract17. A _______ is a system that tracks and manages the flow of products and information from raw material stage to the final consumer.答案：ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning)18. The _______ is the process of managing the demand and supply of products or services.答案：demand planning19. The _______ is a document that certifies the origin ofthe goods being shipped.答案：certificate of origin20. The _______ is the process of managing the movement of goods from the warehouse to the customer.答案：distribution三、简答题（每题5分，共30分）21. Explain the difference between "FOB" and "CIF" in international trade.答案：FOB (Free On Board) is a term used when theseller's responsibility ends once the goods are loaded onto the ship, while the buyer is responsible for the transportation from that point. CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) means the seller pays for the cost of the goods, insurance, and freight until they reach the port of destination, after which the buyer takes over the responsibility.22. What are the benefits of using a 3PL provider in a supply chain?答案：Benefits of using a 3PL provider include reduced capital expenditure, access to specialized logistics expertise, improved scalability and flexibility, and the ability to focus on core business activities.23. Describe the role of a bill of lading in international shipping.答案：A bill of lading serves as a contract of carriage, a receipt for the goods shipped, and a document of title. It outlines the terms and conditions of the transport, confirmsthe receipt of the goods by the carrier, and can be used as a legal document in case of disputes.24. What is the purpose of inventory management in logistics。

物流英语习题答案1. What is the term used for the process of managing the flow and storage of goods and information from the point of origin to the point of consumption to meet the requirements of customers?Answer: The term is "Supply Chain Management."2. What does the acronym '3PL' stand for in logistics? Answer: Third-Party Logistics.3. Which mode of transportation is considered the fastest for goods?Answer: Air freight is often considered the fastest mode of transportation.4. What is the term used to describe the process of moving goods from one place to another?Answer: The term is "Transportation."5. What is the role of a freight forwarder in logistics? Answer: A freight forwarder is responsible for arranging the transportation of goods, often on behalf of exporters and importers, and may also handle documentation and customs clearance.6. What is the meaning of 'warehousing' in the context of logistics?Answer: Warehousing refers to the practice of storing goodsfor a period of time before they are transported to theirfinal destination.7. What is the term used for the process of managing the movement and storage of materials within a warehouse?Answer: The term is "Inventory Management."8. What is the abbreviation for 'Electronic Data Interchange'? Answer: The abbreviation is 'EDI.'9. What is the role of a container terminal in the logistics chain?Answer: A container terminal is a facility where containersare transferred between different modes of transport, such as from ship to truck or rail.10. What does 'CFS' stand for in logistics?Answer: CFS stands for 'Container Freight Station,' which isa place where cargo is consolidated into shipping containers.11. What is the term used for the process of managing theflow of goods and services from the point of origin to the point of consumption in the most cost-effective manner? Answer: The term is "Logistics."12. What is the meaning of 'LCL' in shipping?Answer: LCL stands for 'Less than Container Load,' whichrefers to the shipment of goods that do not fill a shipping container.13. What is the term used to describe the process of managingthe flow of goods and services from the point of consumption to the point of origin in a reverse direction?Answer: The term is "Reverse Logistics."14. What does the acronym 'FCA' stand for in international trade?Answer: FCA stands for 'Free Carrier,' which is a term used in Incoterms to define the seller's responsibility for delivering goods to a carrier.15. What is the role of a customs broker in international trade?Answer: A customs broker is a professional who assists with the process of clearing goods through customs by preparing and submitting the necessary documentation and ensuring compliance with customs regulations.这些习题答案旨在帮助学习者掌握物流英语的关键术语和概念。

物流英语[多项选择题]1、Containerization Call speed up the logistics process，such as（）.A.handlingB.loadingandunloadingC.storingD.transport参考答案：A,B,C,D[多项选择题]2、Freight forwarders purchase long distance service from（）carriers.A.waterB.railC.airD.truck参考答案：A,B,C,D[多项选择题]3、Insurance is very important to logistics because of the potential hazards and dangers in the process,such as（）.A.fireandtheftB.unqualifiedproductsC.techniqueproblemD.andevennaturaldisasters参考答案：A,D[多项选择题]4、Logistics information refers to general logistics（）and documentation.A.knowledgeB.materialsC.imagesD.CPU参考答案：A,B,C[单项选择题]5、（）is the Internet commerce designed for direct communications and commercial relationship between a firmand its end customer.A.B2CB.B2BC.B2AD.A2B参考答案：A[单项选择题]6、（）is the process to handle returned goods,recycle useful materials and dispose waste goods.A.ReverselogisticsB.LogisticsinformationC.TransportationD.Warehousing参考答案：A[单项选择题]7、（）links the entire logistics process with customer.A.InterchangeB.ExchangemunicationD.Reporting参考答案：C[单项选择题]8、Door-to-door services refer to carriers（）goods in the shippers＇and consignees＇ warehouse.A.sendingB.deliveringC.pickingupanddeliveringD.shipping参考答案：C[单项选择题]9、（）logistics is the management by computer and Extranet.A.ElectronicB.FunctionalC.VirtualD.Physical参考答案：C[单项选择题]10、Cycle stock is the（）inventory based on the maximum needs.A.lowestB.highestC.basicD.medium参考答案：B[单项选择题]11、（） is software to manage the relationship and communication between customers and suppliers.A.CRMB.MRPC.ERPD.SCM参考答案：A[单项选择题]12、Storage creates the（）value in logistics.A.warehousingB.locationC.timeD.space参考答案：C[单项选择题]13、（）are used widely in the operation of warehouse anddistribution center andform the basic handling device for a number of selection system.A.CranesB.ConveyorsC.ForklifttruckD.Pallets参考答案：B[多项选择题]14、Transport agencies include air and surface（）.A.freightforwardersB.shipper＇sassociationsC.insurancebrokersD.transportationbrokers参考答案：A,B,D[多项选择题]15、Forklift truck is very convenient equipment for（）.A.loadinggoodsB.unloadinggoodsC.transportationbrokersD.insurancebrokers参考答案：A,B。

1. International transport participants and their functions?（国际运输的参与者与他们的功能）Forwarding agency（货代公司）：Supplier（供货商）：Carrier（承运人）：Shipper（发货方）：Consignee（收货方）：2. What is freight? Premium? Surcharge/additional charge for transport , meanings(BAF/CAF,etc)（什么是运费，保险费，附加费，定义）Freight（运费）：Premium（保险费）：Surcharge/additional charge for transport（附加费）：3. Intercoms , how many terms ? (F&C groups : FOB ,FCA,CFR,CFR,CIF,CPT) which of them are used for sea transport ? Which for intermodal transport ?4.Sellers and buys obligation (freight ,risk point ,clear for export)5.Sea transport (tow kinds) rates , definition and differences.6.Documents for sea transport (shipping note （托运单）, delivery order （提货单）,mater's receipt （大副收据）, B/L（提单）,shipping order（装货单）) definition （定义）,sea/air waybill （海运单，空运单）(non-negotiable)（不可转让）shipping note：delivery order：mater's receipt：B/L：shipping order：7.Types of B/L and their functions ,original numbers ,contents.Order bills of lading（直接提单）：are those made out to consignees with the words “to the order of×××”or “to order”Straight bills of lading（记名提单）：are those made out of to named consignees without the addition of the words “to order”Clean bills of lading（清洁提单）：indicate that the goods received on board are in apparent good order and conditionshipped B/L：the goods are actually shipped on board the vesselDirect bills of lading：are those covering shipment between direct ports of loading and discharge8.What is consolidation (groupage). Intermodal transport? Pippy back transport.（什么是拼装运输，多式联运，背负式运输）Consolidation：Intermodal transport：Pippy back transport：9.Container transport (FCL, LCL) container types , process . What is TIR?10.Insurance participants ,basic insurance (FPA,WPA,AR) and their coverage.11.五种运输方式优劣势。

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欢迎使用劳动版专业英语教材。

如果您在使用中发现问题，或者有任何建议和意见，可与我们联系：联系人：赵硕联系电话：64962011电子邮箱：zhaos@物流英语（第二版）参考答案Unit 1Lesson1Check and LearnA quantity place time condition priceDialogueA 1. KFC chain 2. suppliers 3. logisticsB 1. logistics2. regularly3. supplier4. operationReadingA 1-b 2-e 3-a 4-d 5-cC. 1. be made of 2. ship 3. uniqueLesson 2Check and LearnA 客户服务、运输、仓储、设施布局、库存管理、采购、物料搬运、包装、需求预测、废弃物处理、信息处理A 1. warehouse assistant 2. exported 3. clearanceReadingA 1-c 2-e 3-d 4-a 5-bB customer service / transportation / warehousing / facility location / inventory management / procurement / material handling / packaging / demand forecasting / waste disposal / information processingLesson 3Check and LearnA a-3 b-6 c-4 d-1 e-2 f-5B 1. developed 2. reduce 3. leading 4. step by stepDialogueA 1. FedEx Express 2. air 3. processesB 1. fifteen2. one hundred and sixty-eight3. six thousand, five hundred and twenty4. twelve thousand, five hundred5. one hundred and fifty-seven thousand6. two million, three hundred thousand, seven hundred and eighty7. ten million8. eight point fiveReadingA sustainable globalization efficiency goalB 1- c 2- d 3- b 4- aLesson 4Check and LearnA 运输专员/ 仓库助理/ 订单处理专员/ 采购专员/ 客户代表/ 客户服务专员A 1. 安全库存2. 人体其实是一台精密的机器。

can improve its service level.6. The distribution center is a large and highly warehouse designed to receive goods from various plants and suppliers.7. A warehouse can be viewed as a between supply and demand.8. In order to the efficiency they may have to hold stock, but this is not their main role.9. Retailers found it difficult to source in quantity from a single supplier.10. After the goods are unloaded from the transportation carrier, they should be against cargo manifest.Ⅲ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. Over the years, warehousing has developed from a relatively minor scale of a firm’s logistics system to one of its most important functions.2. We can define warehousing as that part of a firm’s logistics system.3. Warehouses and distribution centers have a primary aim, which is to facilitate the movement of goods from suppliers to customers, meeting demand in a timely manner.4. Warehousing decision involves decision on number, location, size, and type as well.5. Warehouses are used to receive, handle, store and ship products or materials.Ⅳ. Translate the following sentences into English.1．仓储是生产者与消费者之间的纽带。

Fortune 500 manufacturers and merchandisers.10. In the supermarket sector, computers, in with information systems, have been used with great effect.Ⅲ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. According to some examples, timely and accurate information is more critical now than at any time in the history of American business.2. With the goal of reducing total supply chain assets, managers realize that information can be used to reduce inventory and human resource requirements.3. In the development and maintenance of the logistics’ information systems, both hardware and software must be addressed.4.IT provides the underlying links as well as the data collection and analysis platform for these companies to deliver goods purchased online.5. Information is of vital importance for supply chain managers as it supplies useful facts to them.Ⅳ. Translate the following sentences into English.1．信息流经常被忽视，因为客户认为信息流不是关键。

物流英语1unit2参考答案物流英语1 Unit 2 参考答案一、词汇题（Vocabulary Questions）1. 货物运输（Cargo Transportation）是指将货物从一个地点运输到另一个地点的过程。

2. 物流（Logistics）是供应链管理的一部分，涉及货物的存储、运输和配送。

3. 仓储（Warehousing）是物流过程中的一个环节，涉及到货物的存储和管理。

4. 供应链（Supply Chain）是指从原材料采购到最终产品交付给消费者的整个流程。

5. 配送（Distribution）是将产品从仓库运送到零售商或最终消费者的过程。

二、选择题（Multiple Choice Questions）1. What is the main purpose of logistics?A. To increase product pricesB. To reduce transportation costsC. To make products more difficult to accessD. To streamline the supply chainAnswer: D2. Which of the following is not a part of the supply chain?A. ManufacturingB. WarehousingC. RetailingD. AdvertisingAnswer: D3. What does the term "cargo" refer to?A. The act of transporting goodsB. The goods being transportedC. The vehicles used for transportationD. The process of storing goodsAnswer: B4. What is the primary function of a warehouse in logistics?A. To manufacture productsB. To store and manage inventoryC. To sell products directly to consumersD. To transport goods to other locationsAnswer: B5. What is the term used for the process of delivering products to consumers?A. ManufacturingB. DistributionC. WarehousingD. LogisticsAnswer: B三、填空题（Fill in the Blanks）1. The process of managing the flow of goods and information is known as ______.Answer: logistics2. The term ______ refers to the entire process from the supplier to the end customer.Answer: supply chain3. ______ is the act of storing goods in a designated location.Answer: Warehousing4. The goal of logistics is to ensure the right product is in the right place at the right time, which is often summarized as the 3Rs: the right product, the right ______, and theright ______.Answer: quantity, time5. In logistics, ______ is the process of moving goods from one place to another.Answer: transportation四、简答题（Short Answer Questions）1. What are the key components of a supply chain?Answer: The key components of a supply chain include sourcing, production, inventory management, transportation, warehousing, and distribution.2. Explain the role of a logistics manager.Answer: A logistics manager is responsible for overseeing the entire logistics process, which includes planning, implementing, and controlling the flow of goods, information, and services from the point of origin to the point of consumption for a firm or organization.3. What are the benefits of efficient logistics?Answer: Efficient logistics can lead to reduced costs,improved customer satisfaction, enhanced inventory management, and increased operational flexibility.4. Describe the importance of inventory management in logistics.Answer: Inventory management is crucial in logistics as it helps to maintain optimal stock levels, minimize storage costs, and ensure that products are available when needed,thus avoiding stockouts or overstock situations.5. What is the significance of transportation in the supply chain?Answer: Transportation is a vital part of the supply chain as it links different stages, ensuring the timely and cost-effective movement of goods from one point to another. It affects the delivery speed, cost, and overall efficiency ofthe supply chain.五、论述题（Essay Questions）1. Discuss the impact of globalization on logistics andsupply chain management.Answer: Globalization has significantly impacted logistics and supply chain management by expanding the scale and scopeof operations. It has necessitated the development of more complex and integrated supply chains that span acrosscountries and continents. This has led to the need for advanced logistics solutions, increased focus ontransportation efficiency, and the implementation of sophisticated information systems to manage global operations.2. Explain how technology has transformed the logisticsindustry.Answer: Technology has transformed the logistics industry through the introduction of automation, real-time tracking systems, advanced analytics, and the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning. These advancements have improved the accuracy of demand forecasting, optimized route planning, enhanced inventory management, and increased the overall efficiency and responsiveness of supply chains.请注意，以上内容仅为示例答案，实际的参考答案可能会根据具体的课程内容和考试要求有所不同。

第一单元物流概述听力材料：Ⅰ. Listen to the sentences and fill in the blanks with what you exactly heard.1. Logistics is a hot topic in China and the whole world.2. Logistics is a discipline worthy of attracting the best and the brightest peoplefrom all walks of life.3. Our work is mainly to move goods and information at the lowest possiblecost.4. Modern logistics is related to the efficient flow of materials and information.5. The overall goal of logistics is to achieve a targeted level of customer serviceat the lowest possible total cost.Ⅱ. Listen to the dialogues and fill in the blanks with what you exactly heard.1. A: The development of logistics can date back to ancient times in China.B: Really? Could you give me an example?A: Of course. In the Three Kingdom Period, Zhuge Liang invented wooden horses to transport food for his army.B: It is so amazing!2. A: I’m a little nervous about the interview.B: Please be relaxed. You are always very good!A: Will they recruit（招聘）only male staff?B: I don’t think so. Successful organizations are recruiting a variety of peoplefor their logistics management positions because diversity gives them anedge in the highly competitive global marketplace.Ⅲ. Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks with what you exactly heard, the first letters have been given.Many businesses that deal with supply of goods or services have their own logistics department. For example, a company supplying motor cars around the world will have a logistics team. The manager will oversee the process from the point of origin to the point of consumption. The team will deal with the acquisitionof cars from the customers as well as the delivery of parts and materials from suppliers. The suppliers and customers may be located in different countries.课后习题：Text 1Ⅰ.1. B2. D3. A4. C5.BⅡ.1. F2. F3. T4. T5. FⅢ.1. refers2. control3. inventories4. financial5. minimum6. combination7. achieved8. requirementsⅣ.1. modern logistics2. containerization techniques3. raw materials4. in-process inventory5. finished goodsⅤ.1．物流涉及订单管理、包装、运输、仓储管理、物料搬运等。

70percent of goods in March and balance in early April.Amy：Your proposal is workable.Lin：Another problem is the shipping space. Even we had the goods ready, I do not think we could ship them in March.Amy：I know there is a great demand on shipping lately.Lin：I was informed that liner space for Chang Cheng has been fully booked up to the end of March.Amy：Maybe tramps are still available.Lin：Anyhow we will try. We will ask China Shipping Co.,Ltd to meet our needs.Amy：In case you should fail to effect delivery within the stipulated time, we should have to declare a claim against you for the loss and reserve the right to cancel the contract.Amy：We know that. I assure you the shipment will be effected in time.Lin：Thank you for your cooperation.Amy：Not at all.2. ShipingHarold： When is the earliest shipment we can expect?Zhang：I think the earliest shipment we can make is on November 1.Harold： You may know that the delivery date is very important to us. Weare willing to pay an extra fee for immediate deliveryZhang：We can’t make that kind of delivery. It’s our company policy.Harold：We must have the seafood for the winter sale. Could you advance the shipment by only one month?Zhang：I’m afraid we can do very little about it.Harold： But if the goods could not be put on the market in time. Good quality, competitive price, all would mean nothing.Zhang：Yes, I fully understand. The shipment will be made as early as possible.Case StudyYamato transport Co, Ltd.Yamato Transport Co. Ltd. is the founder of the private parcel delivery service industry in Japan, and the largest player in the market today. The company delivers approximately 900 million parcels each year. Links with United Parcel Service allow Yamato to deliver in more than 200 countries. A strong menu of domestic services includes home moving, delivery of refrigerated goods, magazine and catalog delivery, roundtrip delivery service, and B2B (business-to-business) and B2C (business-to-consumer) logistics services. The company also operates a virtual mall, handling the shipping and logistics needs of its retail “tenants.”Supplementary ReadingTransportation of Hazardous Materials in AmericaThe material of hazardous materials being produced in the United States has increased rapidly对话音频资料，扫码听一听。

物流英语试题及参考答案一、词汇题（每题2分，共10分）1. 物流中的“分拣”用英语怎么说？A. SortingB. PackingC. StoringD. Transporting2. 哪个词表示“供应链管理”？A. Supply Chain ManagementB. Demand Chain ManagementC. Chain Supply ManagementD. Chain Demand Management3. “集装箱”在英语中的正确表达是什么？A. ContainerB. BoxC. CaseD. Crate4. “库存”的英文单词是什么？A. StockB. StoreC. ReserveD. Supply5. “配送中心”用英语如何表达？A. Distribution CenterB. Distribution StationC. Distribution HubD. Distribution Point二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）6. 在物流领域，缩写词“3PL”代表的是_________。

7. 货物从生产地到消费地的整个流程被称为_________。

8. 物流服务中，_________是指货物在运输过程中的实时跟踪。

9. 物流成本包括运输成本、仓储成本和_________。

10. 物流中的“最后一公里”问题通常指的是货物从配送中心到_________的配送问题。

三、阅读理解题（每题5分，共20分）阅读下面的物流行业新闻报道，回答问题。

In recent years, the logistics industry has seen asignificant shift towards automation and digitalization. This trend is driven by the need for increased efficiency and cost reduction. Companies are investing heavily in technologies such as AI, robotics, and the Internet of Things (IoT) to optimize their supply chains.11. 物流行业近年来的趋势是什么？A. 减少自动化和数字化B. 增加自动化和数字化C. 减少对技术的依赖D. 增加对人工的依赖12. 推动这一趋势的主要原因是什么？A. 减少成本和提高效率B. 增加成本和降低效率C. 减少对供应链的优化D. 增加对供应链的复杂性13. 公司正在投资哪些技术来优化他们的供应链？A. AI、机器人技术和物联网B. 传统物流、人力搬运和纸质记录C. 手动跟踪、电话通信和电子邮件D. 纸质地图、纸质订单和纸质库存14. 这些技术投资的目的是什么？A. 降低效率和增加成本B. 提高效率和降低成本C. 减少供应链的优化D. 增加供应链的复杂性四、翻译题（每题5分，共20分）15. 将“物流成本”翻译成英文。

物流英语考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What does "LCL" stand for in logistics?A. Less than Container LoadB. Large Container LoadC. Limited Container LoadD. Local Container Load答案：A2. The term "FOB" is commonly used to indicate:A. Free on BoardB. Full of BoatC. Finished on BoardD. First on Board答案：A3. Which of the following is NOT a mode of transportation?A. RoadB. RailC. AirD. E-mail答案：D4. The abbreviation "CIF" stands for:A. Cost, Insurance, and FreightB. Cost, Insurance, and FuelC. Cost, Insurance, and FinanceD. Cost, Insurance, and Freighting答案：A5. What is the meaning of "EXW" in international trade terms?A. Ex WorksB. Exchange WorksC. Exclusive WorksD. Export Works答案：A6. The term "B/L" refers to:A. Bill of LadingB. Bill of LoadingC. Bill of LandingD. Bill of Loadings答案：A7. Which of the following is a document used in international trade?A. Commercial InvoiceB. Commercial InformationC. Commercial InterestD. Commercial Investment答案：A8. "CY" in logistics usually means:A. Container YardB. Country YearC. Current YieldD. Cost Year答案：A9. The abbreviation "TEU" stands for:A. Twenty-foot Equivalent UnitB. Total Equipment UnitC. Transport Equipment UnitD. Trade Equipment Unit答案：A10. "DDP" in international trade terms means:A. Delivered Duty PaidB. Delivered Direct PaymentC. Delivered Domestic PaymentD. Delivered Directly Paid答案：A二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. The process of moving goods from the place of acceptance to the place of delivery is known as _______.答案：Transportation12. A _______ is a person or company that arranges the transportation of goods for clients.答案：Freight Forwarder13. "CFS" stands for _______.答案：Container Freight Station14. The term "Drayage" refers to the transportation of goods over a short distance, usually _______.答案：Land15. In logistics, "3PL" refers to a _______ party logistics provider.答案：Third16. The weight of a shipment as determined by the carrier is known as _______.答案：Chargeable Weight17. "HS" code stands for _______.答案：Harmonized System18. The term "Pallet" is used to describe a flat structure used as a base for _______.答案：Goods19. "Tare Weight" refers to the weight of the _______ without the cargo.答案：Container20. "Customs Broker" is a professional who assists with the _______ of goods through customs.答案：Clearance三、简答题（每题5分，共30分）21. Explain the difference between "CIF" and "FOB" terms in international trade.答案：CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) terms requirethe seller to arrange and pay for the transportation and insurance of goods to the port of destination, while FOB (Free on Board) terms require the buyer to arrange and payfor the transportation of goods from the port of origin.22. What is the role of a customs broker in international trade?答案：A customs broker facilitates the import and export process by ensuring that all necessary documentation is completed accurately and that all duties and taxes are paidin accordance with customs regulations.23. Describe the function of a bill of lading in logistics.答案：A bill of lading serves as a contract of carriage,a receipt for the goods, and a document of title. It provides proof that the carrier has received the goods for transportation and outlines the terms of the shipment.24. What are the key components of a supply chain?答案：Key components of a supply chain include sourcing, production, inventory management, transportation, warehousing, and distribution.四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）25. Discuss the importance of inventory management inlogistics and supply chain operations.答案：Inventory management。

7 ● Order fulfillment Order fulfillment is the final key activity. Its costs usually are minor compared to that of transportation or inventory maintenance. Nevertheless, order fulfillment is an important element of the total time that it takes a customer to receive goods or service. It is also the activity that triggers product movement and service delivery.fulfillment [ful ˈfilm ənt] n. 履行；实行 trigger [ˈtri ɡə] vt. 引发，引起；触发Notes1. Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals供应链管理专家委员会 2. China’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 中国的国内生产总值（GDP ） ExercisesⅠ. Answer the following questions in English.1. What is the definition of logistics?2. What kind of logistics activities may cost most in a company?3. What does a successful logistics system contain?4. What activities do storage involve?5. What are the main activities of logistics system?Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks with the following words or phrases in the box.inventory essence prerequisite lead to flexibilityat the height of execute prominent merchandise formulate1. Consequently, the fast rise in bulk of foreign tourists may eventually the decline of local tourism.2. Good self-esteem is a for a happy life.3. We can supply any reasonable quantity of this .4. In 1989, about a year after we went public, we had a horrible problem related to management.5. Because of its , we can mold software into any form to do almost anything.6. That happened to millions of people two years ago the world food crisis.7. In the process of practice it is not . This is because I should improve my English level.8. These companies represent the of the American spirit—the promise that anyone can succeed in this country if you have a good idea and the determination to see it through.9. Of course there are lots of ways we can the cycle, but this is a simple one, and these are steps that we’re all familiar with at this point.10. If a question asks you to take a position on some issue, try to a more nuanced answer. Ⅲ. Translate the following sentences into English.1. 物流涉及采购、仓储、运输、配送等多种功能。

新职业英语物流英语第二版课后答案1、She has no idea of what the book is about. She_______ have read it carefully. [单选题]*A. Can’t(正确答案)B. mustn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t2、We’re proud that China _______ stronger and stronger these years. [单选题] *A. will becomeB. becameC. is becoming(正确答案)D. was becoming3、Is there going to ______ a football match in the stadium next month?（）[单选题] *A. beingB. haveC. be(正确答案)D. having4、19．_______ will the film Country Road last? [单选题] * A．How farB．How oftenC．How soonD．How long(正确答案)5、66．—How much meat do you want?—________．[单选题] * A．Sorry, there isn't anyB．I can't give you anyC．Half a kilo, please(正确答案)D．Twelve yuan a kilo6、22．Will there ________ any schools in the future? [单选题] * A．isB．areC．amD．be(正确答案)7、85．You’d better? ? ? ? ? a taxi, or you’ll be late. [单选题] * A．take(正确答案)C．tookD．to take8、6．Hi, boys and girls. How are you ________ your posters for the coming English Festival at school? [单选题] *A．getting onB．getting offC．getting with (正确答案)D．getting9、My mother and my aunt are both _______. They work in a big supermarket. [单选题] *A. actressesB. doctorsC. salesmenD. saleswomen(正确答案)10、My brother will come to see me tomorrow. I’ll meet?_______ at the airport. [单选题] *A. herB. youC. him(正确答案)11、28．The question is very difficult. ______ can answer it. [单选题] *A．EveryoneB．No one(正确答案)C．SomeoneD．Anyone12、My brother usually _______ his room after school. But now he _______ soccer. [单选题] *A. cleans; playsB. cleaning; playingC. cleans; is playing(正确答案)D. cleans; is playing the13、43．How much did you ________ the man for the TV? [单选题] *A．pay(正确答案)B．takeC．spendD．buy14、Don’t forget _______ those books when you are free. [单选题] *A. to read(正确答案)B. readingC. readD. to reading15、Almost every one of us could see her anxiety from the（）on her face. [单选题] *A. appearanceB. feelingC. movementD. expression(正确答案)16、--_______ I borrow these magazines?--Sorry, only the magazines over there can be borrowed. [单选题] *A. MustB. WouldC. May(正确答案)D. Need17、The blue shirt looks _______ better on you than the red one. [单选题] *A. quiteB. moreC. much(正确答案)D. most18、21．Design a travel guide for Shanghai! ________ the competition and be the winner! [单选题] *A．JoinB．AttendC．EnterD．Take part in (正确答案)19、There are trees on both sides of the broad street. [单选题] *A. 干净的B. 狭窄的C. 宽阔的(正确答案)D. 宁静的20、( ) ----Would you like___ tea? ----No, thanks. I have drunk two____. [单选题] *A. any, bottles of orangeB. some, bottles of orange(正确答案)C. many, bottles of orangesD. few, bottle of oranges21、Lily is a very_____person and never wastes anything. [单选题] *A.generousB.economical(正确答案)C.economicD.efficient22、My father can?_______ a little English. [单选题] *A. speak(正确答案)B. sayC. talkD. tell23、The classmates can' t（）Alice from her twin sister. [单选题] *A. speakB. tell(正确答案)C. talkD. say24、--All of you have passed the test!--_______ pleasant news you have told us! [单选题] *A. HowB. How aC. What(正确答案)D. What a25、We all wondered（）Tom broke up with his girlfriend. [单选题] *A. thatB. whatC. whoD. why(正确答案)26、She’s _______ with her present _______ job. [单选题] *A. boring; boringB. bored; boredC. boring; boredD. bored; boring(正确答案)27、Jeanne's necklace was _____ 500 francs at most. [单选题] *A. worthyB. costC. worth(正确答案)D. valuable28、83．The school is? ? ? ? ? ? ?the hospital. [单选题] *A．withB．intoC．ontoD．opposite(正确答案)29、What’s the price and what sort of _______ do you offer? [单选题] *A. advantageB. accountC. displayD. discount(正确答案)30、We ______ to set up a food bank to help hungry people next week.（）[单选题] *A. hadB. are going(正确答案)C. were goingD. went。