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第三章句法翻译3.1 换序译法一、将下列词组和句子翻译成汉语，注意语序的调整1. a high red brick wall【译文】一堵红砖高墙2. particles moving around their atomic nucleus【译文】环绕原子核运动的粒子3. a building project of high-rise apartment houses【译文】一个多层公寓大楼的建筑项目4. small and medium-sized countries【译文】中小国家5. quite an attractive triangle green stamp【译文】非常吸引人的一枚绿色的三角邮票6. After spending $1.5 bn so far this year on acquisitions such as , a fast-growing online community, and IGN Entertainment, a games and contentsite, Mr. Murdoch disputed the recent claim by Sir Martin Sorrell, chief executive of WPP, that some traditional media owners were panic buying new media assets. 【译文】迄今为止，默多克先生已花费15亿美元进行收购，如收购快速成长的网络社区，以及游戏和内容网站IGN Entertainment。
默多克先生反驳了WPP首席执行官马丁索雷尔爵士最近的说法：一些传统媒体的所有者在恐慌性收购新媒体资产。
【解析】原句中My ，IGN Entertainment，Martin Sorrell后面都跟有同位语，按照汉语习惯，翻译时应将同位语提前翻译，修饰名词。
7.It’s a bit fishy that he should have given away a mattress like that.【译文】他竟然把那样的床垫送人，这可有点儿叫人怀疑。
目 录第一章 词法翻译第一节 对等翻译第二节 增词翻译第三节 减词翻译第四节 合并翻译第五节 转性译法第六节 名词的抽象和具体译法第七节 数字和倍数的翻译第八节 成语的英译第九节 修辞格的翻译第二章 句法翻译第一节 换序和转态第二节 断句和合句译法第三节 长句的译法第四节 正说与反说第三章 语篇与翻译第一节 衔接第二节 连贯第四章 文体与翻译第一节 实用文体翻译第二节 文学文体翻译第一章 词法翻译第一节 对等翻译一、翻译下列词组，注意根据搭配选择合适的词义。
1. ①申请书②报告书③协议书④成绩通知书⑤成交确认书⑥白皮书⑦家书【译文】①letter of application②report③agreement④grade report⑤sales confirmation⑥white book⑦a letter from home2. ①病历表②履历表③时间表④日程表⑤价目表【译文】①case history form②resume③timetable④schedule⑤price list3. ①推荐信②证明信③口信【译文】①letter of recommendation②certificate③an oral message4. ①名单②菜单③账单④保险单⑤订阅单⑥收款清单⑦违规通知单【译文】①name list②menu③bill④policy⑤subscription form⑥account note⑦ticket5. ①写作水平②领导水平③生活水平④发展水平⑤工作水平⑥开放水平【译文】①quality of writing②art of leadership③standard of living④level of development⑤work performance⑥degree of openness6. 身体好，学习好，工作好。
【译文】Keep fit, study well and work hard.7. ①经济法制化②经济全球化③社会知识化④国际关系民主化⑤国民经济信息化⑥科研成果产业化【译文】①to manage economic affairs within a framework②economic globalization③to build a knowledge-driven society④the practice of democracy in international relations⑤to build an information-based national economy⑥to apply scientific research results to industrial production8. ①一窝蜜蜂②一窝小鸡③一窝幼犬【译文】①a swarm of bees②a brood of chickens③a litter of pups9. ①一群美女②一群猎狗③一群鸭④一群羚羊【译文】①a bevy of beautiful ladies②a pack of hounds③a team of ducks④a herd of antelopes10. ①积极支持②积极的财政政策③积极利用国外资源【译文】①unfailing support②proactive fiscal policy③make effective use of overseas resources11. ①基本工资②基本建设③基本物质④基本工业⑤基本利益【译文】①basic wage②capital construction③essential commodity④primary industry⑤fundamental interest12. ①大城市②大雨③大志④大人物⑤大道理【译文】①a big city②a heavy rain③a high aim④an important person⑤general principle13. ①老战士②老领导③老师傅④老芹菜【译文】①a veteran②a senior leader③a master craftsman④overgrown celery14. ①打电话②打的③打毛衣④打水⑤打篮球⑥打农药【译文】①to make a phone call②to take a taxi③to knit a woolen sweater④to fetch water⑤to play basketball⑥to spray insecticide15. ①维护统一②维护独立主权③维护国家荣誉④维护国家主权⑤维护人民利益⑥维护自尊⑦维护世界和平与安全【译文】①to uphold unity②to uphold independence and sovereignty③to defend national honor④to defend state sovereignty⑤to safeguard the people’s interests⑥to safeguard self-respect⑦to maintain/ safeguard world peace and security16. ①进行社会主义革命②进行一场激烈的争论③进行实地调查④进行亲切的谈话⑤进行侵略⑥进行协商⑦进行核试验【译文】①to carry out socialist revolution②to carry on a spirited debate③to make an on-the-spot investigation④to have a cordial conversation⑤to commit aggression to hold consultation with⑥to conduct a nuclear test17. 严格训练、严格要求。
MTI北外百科真题篇一：2016年北京外国语大学翻译硕士MTI试题真题及答案才思教育网址：2016年北京外国语大学翻译硕士MTI试题真题及答案各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上研究生，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。
百科写作标准答案一、名词解释鲧（gǔｎ）鲧，姓姬，字熙。
黄帝的后代，昌意之孙，姬颛顼之子，姒文命（大禹）之父。
三吏唐朝诗人杜甫的三首诗：《石壕吏》、《新安吏》、《潼关吏》。
佛教四大名山即山西五台山、浙江普陀山、四川峨眉山、安徽九华山，分别供奉文殊菩萨、观音菩萨、普贤菩萨、地藏菩萨。
有“金五台、银普陀、铜峨眉、铁九华”之称。
四大名山随着佛教的传入，自汉代开始建寺庙，修道场，延续至清末。
明清之际三大思想家即李贽、黄宗羲、顾炎武。
李贽主张是非标准依照时代变化而变化，反对以孔子的是非为标准；认为穿衣吃饭就是“人伦物理”，人不能脱离基本的物质生活去空谈仁义道德。
黄宗羲提出了“天下为主，君为客”的民主思想，这就是他对儒家思想的批判。
顾炎武倡导经世致用。
五代五代十国，一般又简称“五代”。
唐朝灭亡之后，在中原地区相继出现了后梁、后唐、后晋、后汉和后周五个朝代以及割据于西蜀、江南、岭南和河东等地的十几个政权，合称五代十国。
“五代”更偏向于这五个位于中原的王朝，正统史学家们一般称五代为中央王朝。
五代并不是一个指朝代，而是指介于唐宋之间的一个特殊的历史时期。
颜柳颜是颜真卿，柳是柳公权；二人与欧阳询均为唐代楷书大家，常与元代赵孟頫并称：颜柳赵欧。
本草纲目该书由明朝伟大的医药学家李时珍（1518—1593）为修改古代医书中的错误、对本草学进行的全面整理，前后历时29年。
书中载有药物1892种，包括新药374种，收集药方11096个，还绘制了1160幅精美的插图。
全书共190余万字，分52卷，16部、60类。
古代四大发明四大发明是指中国古代对世界具有重大影响的四种发明，即造纸术、指南针、火药、活字印刷术。
实用翻译教程（英汉互译）第三版冯庆华著翻译期末复习英汉翻译期末复习1.Phrase Translation1.Look before you leap. 三思而后行。
2. Make hay while the sun shines. 趁热打铁。
3. There is no smoke without fire. 无风不起浪。
4. Ill news travels fast. 恶事传千里。
5. East and west, home is best. 出门一里，不如家里。
6. All is not gold that glitters.7. to take French leave8. to bring down the house9. Dutch courage10. a t one’s fingertips 了如指掌11. fish in troubled water 浑水摸鱼12. kill two birds with one stone 一箭双雕；一举两得13. at sixes and sevens 七颠八倒14. s peak one’s mind畅所欲言15. turn a deaf ear to 充耳不闻16. all is fish that comes to the net. 拉入栏里就是菜。
17. between the devil and the deep sea 左右为难18. b urn one’s boat破釜沉舟19. fish in the air 水中捞月20.six of one and half a dozen of the other 半斤八两21. castle in the air 空中楼阁22. to add fuel to the fire23.from the cradle to the grave 一生一世24. neither fish nor fowl 不伦不类25. k eep something under one’s hat保密26. eat one’s words 承认自己说了错话27. look for a needle in a bundle of hay 大海捞针28. hang on somebody’s sleeve 依赖某人，任某人做主29. talk through one’s hat 胡言乱语30. call a spade a spade 直言不讳2.Sentence Translation1.The inside of each room depended on the inclination of its occupants. 每个房间内部怎样布2.It was in vain that the old lady asked her if she was aware she was speaking to Miss Pinkerton. 老太太问她明白不明白对她说话的不是别人，是平克顿小姐。
1 罗斯福演讲Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Fourth Inaugural AddressWe Americans of today, together with our allies, are passing through a period of supreme test.It is a test of our courage—of our resolve—of our wisdom—our essential democracy.If we meet that test—successfully and honorably—we shall perform a service of historic importance which men and women and children will honor throughout all time.As I stand here today, having taken the solemn oath of office in the presence of my fellow countrymen—in the presence of our God—I know that it is America's purpose that we shall not fail.In the days and in the years that are to come we shall work for a just and honorable peace, a durable peace, as today we work and fight for total victory in war.We can and we will achieve such a peace.We shall strive for perfection.We shall not achieve it immediately—but we still shall strive.We may make mistakes—but they must never be mistakes which result from faintness of heart or abandonment of moral principle.I remember that my old schoolmaster, Dr. Peabody, said, in days that seemed to us then to be secure and untroubled:"Things in life will not always run smoothly.Sometimes we will be rising toward the heights—then all will seem to reverse itself and start downward.The great fact to remember is that the trend of civilization itself is forever upward;that a line drawn through the middle of the peaks and the valleys of the centuries always has an upward trend."Our Constitution of 1787 was not a perfect instrument; it is not perfect yet.But it provided a firm base upon which all manner of men, of all races and colors and creeds, could build our solid structure of democracy.And so today, in this year of war, 1945, we have learned lessons—at a fearful cost—and we shall profit by them.We have learned that we cannot live alone, at peace; that our own well-being is dependent on the well-being of other nations far away.We have learned that we must live as men, not as ostriches, nor as dogs in the manger.We have learned to be citizens of the world, members of the human community.We have learned the simple truth, as Emerson said, that "The only way to have a friend is to be one."We can gain no lasting peace if we approach it with suspicion and mistrust or with fear.We can gain it only if we proceed with the understanding, the confidence, and the courage which flow from conviction.罗斯福总统第四任就职演说今天，我们美国人以及我们的盟友正经历一次极大的考验，对我们的勇气–我们的决心–我们的智慧–我们不可缺少的民主的考验。
冯庆华实用翻译教程冯庆华(实用翻译教程(上海:上海外语教育出版社，2002.P226-235Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austin.Mr. Bennet made no answer.班纳特先生没有理睬她. (王科一译)贝内特先生没有答话. (孙致礼; 张隆胜译) 本内特先生没答腔. (张玲&张扬译)贝内特先生没有回答她. (义海译)贝内特先生没有吭声. (张经浩译)本内特先生没有搭理她. (张小余译)P216-221When We Two Parted By George Gordon ByronWhen we two parted In silence ad tears, Half broken-hearted, To sever for years, Pale grew thy cheek and cold,Colder thy kiss;Truly that hour foretold Sorrow to this!想当年我们俩分手想当年我们俩分手，也沉默也流泪，要分开好几个年头想起来心就碎;苍白、冰冷，你的脸，更冷是嘴唇;当时真是像预言今天的悲痛。
(卞之琳译)当初我俩分离时当初我俩分离时，默默无语泪满面，离愁绞得心半碎---一别将是若干年;你的脸苍白冰冷，你的吻冷而又冷;真就是那个时光，预示了今日悲恨～(黄杲炘译)xin1 昔日依依别昔日依依别，泪流默无言;离恨肝肠断，此别又几年。
冷颊何惨然，一吻寒更添;日后伤心事，此刻已预言。
(陈锡麟译)那年离别日那年离别日，默默双泪垂，远别将经年，我心已半碎;君颊苍且冷，君吻犹如冰，当彼离别时，已兆今日情。
(石瓃译)lei2207-210Sonnet 106By William ShakespeareWhen in the chronicle of wasted time I see descriptions of the fairest wights, And beauty making beautiful old rhyme In praise of ladies dead and lovely knights, Then, in the blazon of sweet beauty’s best,Of hand, of foot, of lip, of eye, of brow, I see their antique pen would have express’dEven such a beauty as you master now. So all their praises are but prophesies Of this our time, all you prefiguring;And, for they look’d but with divining eyes,They had not skill enough your worth to sing;For we, which now behold these present days,Have eyes to wonder, but lack tongues to praise.当我从那湮远的古代的纪年发现那绝代风流人物的写真，艳色使得古代的歌咏也香艳，颂赞着多情骑士和绝命佳人，于是，从那些国色天资的描画，无论手脚、嘴唇或眼睛或眉额，我发掘那些古拙的笔所表达恰好是你现在所占领的姿色。
第四章成语的翻译4.1 成语翻译⊙直译1. silken tongue【译文】巧舌如簧2. cut in a joke【译文】插科打诨3. speak one’s mind【译文】畅所欲言4. call a spade a spade【译文】实话实说5. be after one’s own heart【译文】称心如意6. at one’s fingertips【译文】了如指掌7. fish in troubled waters【译文】浑水摸鱼8. thousands upon thousands of 【译文】成千上万9. in deep water【译文】水深火热10. turn up one’s nose at【译文】嗤之以鼻11. skin and bones【译文】皮包骨头12. touch and go【译文】一触即发13. to be a parrot【译文】鹦鹉学舌14. a sly old fox【译文】老奸巨猾15. stir up a hornet’s nest【译文】捅了马蜂窝16. to fish for praise【译文】沽名钓誉17. a drop in the ocean【译文】沧海一粟18. like father like son【译文】有其父必有其子19. Strike while the iron is hot.【译文】趁热打铁。
20. T o die on one’s feet is better than to live on one’s knees. 【译文】好死不如赖活。
21. Blood is thicker than water.【译文】血浓于水。
22. He who laughs last laughs best.【译文】谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。
23. Give knaves an inch and they will take a yard. 【译文】得寸进尺。
汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9)第四章动词的翻译 (11)第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)第六章成语的英译 (13)第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19)第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20)第十章换序和转态译法 (23)笫十一章断句合句译法 (25)笫十二章长句的翻译 (27)第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29)第十五章风格与翻译 (30)第十六章语用与翻译 (32)第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配1． a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。
汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9)第四章动词的翻译 (11)第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)第六章成语的英译 (13)第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19)第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20)第十章换序和转态译法 (23)笫十一章断句合句译法 (25)笫十二章长句的翻译 (27)第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29)第十五章风格与翻译 (30)第十六章语用与翻译 (32)第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配1． a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。
1. That depends upon circumstances.2. This state of affairs must be changed.3. How do matters stand with them?4. He presents all his books to the library5. A teacher should devote himself to the cause of education.6. The committee consists of 15 members.7. Air is made up of a mixture of gases.8. Go in for rigorous training and set strict³ömand.二、翻译下列词组，注意词汇的搭配方式。
1．set sail2. open quotation3. the beginning of spring4. go into operation5．be taken in6. make progress7. distinguished guests8. be on duty三、翻译下列各句，注意汉语中词汇的词义围。
1. It rained cats and dogs (hard / heavily) three days on end (in succession / running).2. He likes talking big (talking large / talking horse /talking tall)/ he likes saying big words (large words) .3. They are giving the classroom a good (general / spring / through) clean(ing).4. A person like him is by no means (in no way / on no account / never / not absolutely) rare.5. We should go in for industry in a big way in accordance with your suggestion.6. If you do it like that, you'll be completely (gravely / seriously) mistaken (be absolutely wrong / make a big mistake / make a major blunder / commit a very gross error).第三节翻译中的多样性一、翻译下列句子，注意画线词的多样性译法。
1."It sounds as if the two of you are always of one mind,”Second Sister chuckled, "How wouldit be if we were to betroth you to him?"2. Through clenched teeth he added, ...3. "She bore me no grudge," replied Xifeng. "It was Baoyu who made her grind her teeth withrage just before she died. "4. But after her initial fright Xifeng put on a bold face. "If she's dead," she retorted, "What'sall the fuss about?"二、翻译下列句子，注意画线部分的成语。
1. The more you get, the more you want.2. It’s only natural for man to hanker for more.3. Goodness knows what they're being so secretive about.4. She's been creeping in here the last couple of days in a very sneaky way. Goodness knowswhat she's up to.5. Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing?6. Anything will do; don't fuss.7. Our grandma is ill; don't kick up such a shindy.(口语：吵架。
争吵，打架)8. When others heard this they commented, “We thought it was someone who mattered isn't worth making such a fuss about.”第二章词法翻译的一般技巧第一节对等译法一、翻译下面的句子，注意搭配产生的“假朋友”1. a faithful Christian2. a loving parent3. an obedient child4. a virtuous wife5. a dutiful husband6. a hardworking student7. strong wind 8. thick fog9 heavy rain二、翻译下列句子，注意不顾语境而产生的“假朋友”。
1. Only when they find much n common and hope to keep in touch later on, will they offer their cards. (注意不要把“投机”翻译成speculative)2. Another example. The reading of Chinese classics is a must for all Chinese. Nevertheless, it was not until I was over 30 that I came to realize the importance of self-study in the matter of classics.3. Dear young friends, my advice to you is: Do physical exercises perseveringly. That has nothing to do with merry-making or time-wasting. Good health is the wherewithal for a successful life and career.三、用对等译法，翻译下列成语。
1. fish in troubled waters2. be after one's own heart3. skin and bones4. touch and go5. hit the nail on the head6. be head and shoulders above others7. turn a deaf ear to8. burn one's boat9. turn a blind eye to10. look for a needle in a bundle of hay四、用对等译法，翻译下列谚语。
