最新人教版英语必修一unit4重要知识点及练习

人教版高一英语必修 1 Unit4 课本知识点详解及练习Unit4 Earthquakes知识点详解Ⅰ. 常考单词必背1. burst vi. (burst，burst) 爆裂；爆发n. 突然破裂；爆发She burst into tears on hearing the sad news.一听到这一不幸消息，她突然哭了起来。

Upon his appearance，there was a burst of applause.他一出现就爆发了一阵掌声。

[快速闪记](1)burst in打断；闯入；突然出现burst into...突然开始；闯入……burst into laughter/tears ＝burst out laughing/crying突然大笑/哭起来(2)a burst of一阵……2. injure vt. 损害；伤害Most of the injured were women and children.大多数伤员都是妇女和儿童。

[快速闪记](1)injured adj.受伤的the injured伤员(2)injury n．伤；伤口；伤害3. shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息我感到很震惊。

The news of my promotion came as a shock.我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。

[快速闪记](1)be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊be shocked to do...因做……而震惊(2)a shock一件令人震惊的事(抽象名词具体化用法)(3)shocked adj.感到震惊的shocking adj.令人震惊的4. rescue n．& vt.援救；营救All the people nearby came to her rescue when hearing her cry for help. 周围的人们听到她的呼救声都来营救她。

必修1 Unit 4EarthquakesⅠ.词义搭配1．burst A．save from danger or harm2．ruin B．destruction(破坏)；extreme(极大的)damage3．shelter C．to put something under the ground，often in order to hide it4．disaster D．breaks open or apart suddenly5．even E．being safe from bad weather，danger，etc.6．rescue F．plan to catch someone7．trap G．something very bad happening8．bury H．a thing that happens【答案】1－8DBEGHAFCⅡ.短语填空right away，at an end，dig out，as usual，as if，in ruins，a (great)number of1．He didn't know how to come back home because his money was________________.2．Many buildings are ________________because of the big flood.3．Hurry up！It looks ________________it is going to rain.4．________________people are fond of music.5．On hearing the good news，he shared it with his parents________________.6．He was buried by an avalanche(雪崩)and had to ________________.【答案】 1.at an end 2.in ruins 3.as if 4.A (great) number of 5.right away 6.be dug outⅢ.句型背诵1．In the farmyard，the chickens and even the pigs were too_nervous_to_eat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都因过于惶恐而不想进食。

Unit 4知识精讲Ⅰ阅读一、知识点精讲：1. shake (1) vi.摇动；震动；颤动；抖动eg: I felt the room shake just now.I was shaking with cold.Shake before using.(2) vt. 摇动；晃动；挥动eg: The earthquake shook the building.shake hands with sb和某人握手；shake one’s head摇头(表示不同意)(3) n. eg: It was the constant shake of his hands that made him give up teaching.2. well (1) n.井eg: The well water here tastes sweet.(2) adv.好；水平很高地（修饰动词）eg: He does well in maths.do well in = be good at擅长于Well done!(3) adj.身体好eg: She isn’t feeling very well today.Well只有在表示身体状况的“好”时才是形容词，其他情况的“好”都是副词。

3. smelly adj.难闻的；发出臭味的eg: The person in rags smells smelly.n. + y变成adj.的词有：cloud→cloudy；snow →snowy；rain →rainy；storm →stormy；dirt →dirty；dust →dusty 4. burst (1) vi. 使爆炸；破裂；爆裂eg: The balloon suddenly burst.She burst into laughter. = She burst out laughingburst into tears = burst out crying(2) n.突然爆发eg: a burst or laughterA burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song.burst out迸发；突然发作；突然……起来；burst into闯入；突然出现；burst open推开；忽然打开；裂开5. ruin (1) v.毁坏；使毁灭；破产eg: The storm ruined the crops.He was ruined by that law case.(2) n.毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；堕落[U] eg: Gambling was his ruin.the ruin of his hopes(3) n.废墟；遗迹(常用复数) eg: We visited the ruins of the temple.In a few seconds a large city lay in ruins. 成为废墟6. shock (1) vt.使某人震惊eg: What had happened really shocked me.(2) n.打击；震惊；震动；休克eg: The electricity shock can kill you.We often suffer culture shock when we are in a foreign country.shock表示“一件令人震惊事”时，是可数名词，常和a / an连用。

Unit 4 笔记第一部分词汇和短语一、词性转换：1.trust trap shock damage judge local v./n.2.electricity n. 电；电流；电学→electric adj. 用电的；带电的→electrical adj. 与电有关的；电学的3.destroy v t. 破坏；毁坏；消灭→destroyed (过去式)→destruction n. 破坏；摧毁4.bury v t. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏→buried adj. 专心的5.express v t. 表示；表达→express n. 快车；速递→expressionn. 表情；表达6.judge n. 裁判员；法官→judge v t. 断定；判断；判决→judgement n. 判断7.injure v t. 损害；伤害→injury n. 伤害；损害→injured adj.受伤的recover vt. 恢复，痊愈__________adj.deliver vt. 快递，生小孩________adj.8.congratulate v t.→congratulation n. 祝贺；(复数)9.smell vt. 闻，嗅→smelly adj. 难闻的10.nation n. 民族；国家national adj. 国家的nationality n.国籍11.dirt n. 污垢，泥土dirty adj. 脏的12.suffer v 遭受，忍受suffering n.苦难；痛苦（多用复数）13.survive v . 幸存survivor n. 幸存者；残存物survivaln. 幸存，生存14.cycle vt. 骑cyclist n. 骑自行车的人15.think little/ nothing of sb 以为....没什么了不起；蔑视think much/ highly/well of sb对....高度赞扬；重视16.do damage / harm to sb/sth :对某人/某事有害17. 2 million ; millions of sth18.sth be worth doingsth need/require/ deserve/want doing= sth need/require/ deserve/ wan t to be done二、短语回顾1．right_away 立刻；马上2．think_little/nothing_of 以为……没什么了不起3．at_an_end 结束；终结4．in_ruins 严重受损；破败不堪5．dig_out 掘出；发现6．a_(great)_number_of 许多；大量的7．be_proud_of 以……而自豪8．judging_from 从……判断9．be_trapped_in 陷入10．be_buried_in 埋头于11．cut_across 抄近路穿过；走近路12．in_the_open_air 在户外请练习：词性转换1.frighten v. __________过去式___________过去分词2.electricity n. ____________adj____________ adj.3.destroy v. _______________ n.4.express v._______________ n.5.judge v. _______________ n.6.injury v. _______________ n.7.smell v. _______________ adj.8.dirt n. _______________ adj.9.nation n. _______________ adj._______________ n. 10.survive v. _______________ n. _______________ n.e v. _______________ adj. _______________ adj.(反)12.mine n. _______________ n.短语：1.right _______________2.think _______________ of sb3.think_______________ of sb4.at _______________ end5.in _______________6.dig_______________7._______________ (great) number of8.be proud ____9._______(judge) from10.be trapped _____11.cut _______________12.in the ______ air13.do damage/harm ___ sth14.2 _______(million)______(million) of15.congratulate sb ___ sthcongratulations16.judging from第二部分：词汇知识点1.burst vi. (burst, burst) 爆发；爆裂n. 破裂；爆发burst into 突然闯入burst into tears/ laughter 突然大哭/大笑burst out crying/ laughing2.at an end 结束，终结at the end of 在.....的尽头by the end of 到.....时为止（多与完成进连用）in the end 最后，终于3.bury vt. 埋葬；隐藏某人忙于做某事①②某人担忧某事某人决心做某事miss seat facelose sit comparebase4.as if= as though 好像1)You look as if you didn’t care.2)He talks as if he had been there before.⑴as if /though 引导的虚拟状语从句，规则：Wish 从句规则相同Would rather 从句，规则相同从句谓语动词用过去时态/ were对将来情况进行虚拟从句，谓语动词用would/could/might + 动原形对过去情况进行虚拟，从句谓语动词用过去完成时态had done⑵扩展：if （如果.....），主句（那么.......）If 引导的虚拟状语从句，规则：If only(要是....就好了)从句，规则与if从句相同If 引导的从句谓语动词，主句谓语动词现在过/were w/c/m/s + 动原将来过/s+动原/were to do w/c/m/s + 动原过去had done w/c/m/s +have donePS:(3)句型It be desired/ suggested/ proposed /necessary /important/strange /natural /essential/ a pity + that 从句中，谓语动词用（should) +动词原形。

Part 1. Warming up1.Now imagine there has been a big earthquake. 现在，假设有一次大地震。

(1)sth. happen to. sb.某事发生在某人身上Did you hear what happened to David last night? 你听说大卫昨天晚上发生什么事了吗? What will happen to the children if Peter and Alice break up? 如果彼得和爱丽丝离婚孩子们将怎么办? (2)happen to do sth.碰巧做某事I happened to see Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday. 昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。

(3)It (so) happened that …碰巧...... It so happened that I saw Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday. 昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。

I happened to be out when he called. 他来访时，恰巧我出去了。

(= It happened that I was out when he called.) Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending1. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. shake(v.) (shook, shaken) 摇动，震动eg: Shake the bottle before taking the medicine. 服药之前将药瓶摇一摇。

使受震撼；使（信念等）动摇eg: They were badly shaken by the news of her death. 她死的消息令他们大为震惊。

人教版高中英语必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters知识点梳理单选题1、Try to avoid such things ________will do you harm, unless you don't care about the rumors from all directions. A．thatB．asC．whichD．as that答案：B考查定语从句。

句意：除非你不在乎四面八方的谣言，否则尽量避免那些对你有害的事情。

在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词things被such修饰，所以应用关系代词as。

故选B。

2、Peter can be really difficult at times ________ he’s a nice person in general.A．even ifB．as thoughC．as ifD．if only答案：A考查状语从句。

句意：彼得有时真的很难缠，即使一般情况下他是一个很好的人。

A. even if即使，尽管； B. as though似乎，好像； C. as if似乎，好像； D. if only要是...就好了。

空前表示Peter有时候很难缠；空后句子表示他通常情况都是很好很和善的人，前后有转折关系，只有A项even if可以引导让步状语从句，符合题意。

故选A项。

3、A sport with a broom on ice ________ requires bowling ________ makes curling one of the most unique sports out there.A．that … precisionB．that … diversityC．/ … precisionD．/ … diversity答案：A考查定语从句和名词词义辨析。

句意：冰壶是一项要求精准度的运动，它在冰上要使用冰刷，这使得冰壶成为最独特的运动之一。

Unit 4 Earthquakes课本知识点复习1、Describe to your partner what might happen to the objects in the photos（1）表示"某人出了某事（常指不好的事）"，要用"sth.+ happen+to sb."这一结构来表达。

例如：A car accident happened to her this morning. 今天上午她发生了交通事故。

What happened to you? 你怎么啦？（2）. 表示"某人碰巧做某事"，要用"sb.+ happen+ to do sth."这一结构来表达。

例如：I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一个朋友（3）. happen表示"碰巧或恰巧发生某事"时，还可用"It happens / happened that..."这一结构来表达。

例如：It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day. 碰巧那天布莱恩和彼得在家了。

It happened that he had to take part in a meeting that afternoon. 碰巧那天下午他不得不参加一个会议。

（4）表示"某地（某时）发生了什么事"，常用"sth.+ happen +地点/时间"这一结构来表达，此时主语应是事情。

例如：The story happened in 2003. 这个故事发生在2003年。

Stranger things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. （课文句子）2.right away = at once 立刻，马上3. crack 意为“破裂，裂开，打，击，撞”crack down (on)对···采取严厉的措施Police crack down on drug dealers. 警察对贩毒分子严惩不贷。

Unit 4 Earthquakes 单元要点预览I词语辨析II词性变化Ⅲ重点词汇1. burst v.&n. 爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂[典例］1）.The red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆了.2）. The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入.3）。

On hearing the news，Leslie burst into laughter while Tracy burst out crying。

一听到这则消息，Leslie突然大笑，而Tracy则突然大哭起来.4). A burst of hand—clapping followed the ending of the song.歌声结束后响起了一阵掌声。

［重点用法]burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭[练习］中译英1). 水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。

______________________________________________________________________2). 太阳突然从云端里露出来。

______________________________________________________________________2. rescue n。

&vt. 援救，营救［典例]1). The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river。

警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。

2). The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake.营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。

必修一. Unit 4: Earthquakes基础知能回扣Name_________ Class_________ No._________ Mark______ 一.核心词汇1．重点单词：1. burst 2.ruin. 3.injure 4.destroy 5.shock 6.rescue . 7.trap 8.bury 9. rise 10.．congratulation 11. honor 12. wonder :2．词形变化：用所给的词的适当形式填空1. The river rose ten _____________by then. (foot)2. Look! Some people are_________ up and down the street. (run)3. The earthquake was caused by the ______ of plates. (move)4. People try to predicate the _________disaster. (nature)5. Human ________have the power to stop earthquake. (be)6. The whole city was _________destroyed in the earthquake. (complete)7. I’m sorry to keep you ________ so long, (wait)8. They carried the children to_________ . (safe)9. The pipes for _______ water under the street burst. (carry)10. _________ as it may seem, it was a quiet night. (amaze)2．词形变化答案：1. feet 2. running 3. movement 4. natural 5.beings6. completely7. waiting8. safety9. carrying 10.Amazing二. 高频短语.1. 碰巧做某事 _________2. 握手 _________3.突然哭/笑起来 _________4.成为废墟 _________5. 穿过、横穿 _________6.吹走、刮走 _________7. 倒塌 _________ 8.根据……来判断 _________9.成千上万 _________ 10.挖掘 _________11. 大量的 _________ 12.陷入……/ 陷在……下面 _________13. 结束某事 _________ 14. 以……而自豪 _________15. 对……评价低/高 _________16. 1/3 _________ 2/3 _________ 75% _________17.发出（气味等）；分发；耗尽 _________ 18.发出（气味等） _________19.赠送；泄露 _________ 20.作为……而知名 _________二. 高频短语.1.happen to do2.shake hands with sb3..burst into tears/ laughter ；burst out crying/laughing4.in ruins5.cut across6.blow away7.fall down8.judging….from 9.tens of thousands of 10.dig out11.a great/ large number of =a great/ good many12.be trapped in/ undere to an end (vi) = put/ bring sth to an end = put/ bring an end to sth14.be proud of / take pride in 15.think little/ highly of16.one-third two-thirds seventy-five percent17.give out 18.give off 19.give away 20.be known as三. 重点句式.1.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.2.Two thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.3..Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.4. The number of people who were killed or injured in the earthquake reached more than 400,000.（定语从句）.死伤的人数达到40多万。

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