大学英语语法归纳与练习

12015高考英语语法----超级归纳

一、冠词冠词分为不定冠词（a,an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。I.不定冠词的用法1指一类人或事，相当于akindofAplaneisamachinethatcanfly.

2第一次提及某人某物，非特指Aboyiswaitingforyou.有个男孩在等你。

3表示“每一”相当于every，oneWestudyeighthoursaday.

4表示“相同”相当于thesameWearenearlyofanage.

5用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事—Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?—Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn't______Mr.SmithhA.不填B.aC.theD.oneThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.（活雷锋）

6用于固定词组中acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawa

7用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后Thisroomisratherabigone.

8用于so(as,too,how)+形容词之后Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.

9用于抽象名词具体化的名词前success(抽象名词)→asuccess(具体化)成功的人或事afailure失败的人或事ashame带来耻辱的人或事apity可惜或遗憾的事amust必需必备的事agoodknowledgeof精通掌握某一方面的知识

II.定冠词的用法

1表示某一类人或物InmanyplacesinChina,___bicycleisstill___populatransportation.A.a;theB./;aC.the;aD.the;the

2用于世上独一无二的事物名词前theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean

1 英语语法

语法复习一：句子成分；简单句、并列句和复合句

一、句子成分

（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：

During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）

We often speak English in class.（代词）

One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）

To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）

Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）

The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）

When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）

It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）

（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：

1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning.

2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book

1. If the earth suddenly ________spinning, we would all fly off it. A. stopped B. had stopped C. has stopped D. would stop 2. “How should the city be run?” “If I ________a mayor, I would make the streets cleaner and hire more policemen.”　A. would B. were C. would be D. should 3. If the whole operation _________ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost. A. was not planned B. has not been planned C. had not been planned D. were not planned 4. Jean doesn’t want to work right away because she thinks that if she________ a job she probably wouldn’t be able to see her friends very often. A. has to get B. were to get C. had got D. could have got 5. It is recommended that the project________ until all the preparations have been made. A. is not started B. will not be started C. not be started D. is not to be started 6. Who would you rather his daughter ________ in the same office? A. going B. to go C. have gone D. went 7. Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, ________they Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on. A. be B. being C. were D. are 8. My pain ________ apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically：“ Are you feeling all right?”　A. must be B. had been C. must have been D. had to be 9. Mary ________ my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now. A. couldn’t have received B. ought to have received C. has received D. shouldn’t have received 10. You needn’t have come over yourself. As it turned out to be a small house party, we_______ so formally. A. needn’t dress upB. did not need have dressed up C. did not need dress up D. needn’t have dressed up 11. Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we ________ during the day. A. should have done B. would have done C. may have done D. must have done 12. Some women ________ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of family. A. must make B. should have made C. would make D. could have made 13. He ________ another career but, at the time, he didn’t have enough money to attend graduate school. A. might have chosen B. might choose C. had to choose D. must have chosen 14. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often ________, or better than an actual performance. A. as good as B. as good C. good D. good as 15. The number of registered participants in this year’s marathon was half ________ . A. of last year’s B. those of last year’s C. of those of last year D. that of last year’s 16. Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills people each year________ than automobile accidents. A. seven more times B. seven times more C. over seven times D. seven times 17.“Do you regret paying ________ as five hundred dollars for the painting ?”“No, I would gladly have paid for it.”　A. twice so much B. twice as much C. as much twice D. so much twice 18. Their watch is ________ to all the other watches on the market. A. superior B. advantageous C. super D. beneficial 19. The heart is ________ intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain. A. not so B. not much C. much more D. no more 20. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, ________ the atmosphere. A. as it is B. the same is C. so is D. and so is 21. ________all visible lights, red light has the longest and violet the shortest wavelength. A. Among B. Of C. For D. To 22. It is better to die on one’s feet than ________. A. living on one’s knees B. live on one’s knees C. on one’s knees D. to live on one’s knees 23. We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style________ in a personal style. A. rather than B. other than C. better than D. less than 24. The little man was ________ more than one meter fifty tall. A. nearly B. quite C. hardly D. almost 25. If tap water were as dangerous as some people think ________would be getting sick. A. a lot of more us B. more a lot of us C. a lot of us more D. a lot more of us 26. Indeed, almost every scientist now finds it impossible to read all the works relevant to his own subject, ________ extensively outside of it. A. much more to read B. much less to read C. much less reading D. still more reading 27. The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is ________ an anonymous, statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience. A. everything except B. anything but C. no less than D. nothing more than 28. The population of many Alaska cities has ________doubled in the past three years. A. larger than B. more than C. as great as D. as many as 29. A good writer is________ who can express the commonplace in an uncommon way. A. that B. he C. one D. this 30. The number of registered participants in this year’s marathon was half ________. A. of last years B. those of last years C. of those of last year D. that of last year’ｓ31. How close parents are to their children ________ a strong influence on the character of the children. A. have B. has C. having D. to have 32. Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the university________. A. has been accepted B. have been accepted C. was accepted D. were accepted 33. The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, ________more women to take advantage of employment opportunities. A. have allowed B. allow C. allowing D. allows 34. At the South Pole ________ , the coldest and most desolate region on earth. A. Antarctica lies there B. where Antarctica lies C. Antarctica lies D. lies Antarctica 35. So involved with their computers________ that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games. A. became the children B. become the children C. had the children become D. do the children become 36. The business of each day, _________ selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly. A. it being B. be it C. was it D. it was 37. Hardly ______ the helicopter ______ when the waiting crowded ran towards it. A. had …landedB. has… landedC. did… landD. was… landing38. We have been told that under no circumstances ________ the telephone in the office for personal affairs. A. may we use B. we may use C. we could use D. did we use 39. Not until the game had begun ________ at the sports ground. A. had he arrived B. would he have arrived C. did he arrive D. should he have arrived 40. ________ for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving. A. Had it not been B. Were it not C. Be it not D. Should it not be 41. Hubble’s law states the greater the distance between any two galaxies, ________ is their relative speed of separation.

英语语法表格归纳

Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT

肯定式 否定式 其他用法

can 能，会

可能 can’t 不能，不会

不可能（不会） 1.在口语中can 可以代替may,同理，could也可以代替might.

2、Could you

please…委婉语气。

3、表示否定猜测，用can’t be(不可能） could can的过去式 couldn’t 不能，不会

不可能（不会）

may 可以

可能 mustn’t 不可以，不应该

不许可

might may的过去式(可能性更小） may not 可能不（表猜测）

must 必须

应当

一定

准是 needn’t 不必

不用 表示说话人对事物的肯定推测时常用must be.

have to 有各种时态。 mustn’t 不可以

不准

禁止

have to 不得不 don’t have to 没必要这么做

Subject Object Adjective Possessive

I

You

He

She

It

We

You

They Me

You

Him

Her

It

Us

You

Them My

Your

His

Her

Its

Our

Your

Their Mine

Yours

His

Hers

Its

Ours

Yours

Theirs

Demonstrative Interrogative

relative Indefinite Reflexive

intensive

This

That

These

Those Who

Whom

What

Which

Where

when Someone

Somebody

Everyone

Everybody

Anyone

None

Few

Many Myself

Yourself