高考语法复习：状语从句讲解及提升练习考点一：连词1．表并列、递进或顺承关系的并列连词：and，both ...and ...，neither ...nor ...，not only ...but also ...，as well asNot only the teacher but also the students were invited.不但那位教师被邀请，而且学生们也被邀请了。
2．表转折的并列连词：but，yet；表对比关系的并列连词：whileThe failure was a big blow to him，but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.这次失败对他是个很大的打击，但他并没有沮丧，很快便像以前一样充满热情。
I was never very neat，while my roommate Kate was extremely organized.我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，而我的室友凯特却极有条理。
3．表选择关系的并列连词：or，either ...or ...，not ...but ...They gave money to the old people's home either personally or through their companies.他们给那位老人的家里送钱，有的是以个人的名义，有的则是通过他们的公司。
4．表因果关系的并列连词：so，for (表“由于”，一般不放在句首)He found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to fail.由于他的视力下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。
5．when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。
常用于下列句式：①be about to do sth.when ...“正要做某事，这时突然……”①be on the point of doing sth.when ...“正要做某事，这时突然……”①be doing sth.when ...“正在做某事，这时突然……”①had done sth.when ...“刚做完某事，这时突然……”I was driving down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.我正开车去伦敦，这时突然发现自己走错了路。
She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.昨天她刚完成家庭作业，她妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。
【技法点拨】在语法填空中：并列连词的考查主要是通过句子意义及两个并列成分之间的关系来判断连词词义。
解题时准确理解题干的意义，理清前后逻辑关系很重要。
考点二：状语从句的分类一、时间状语从句1．when，while和as引导的时间状语从句failure.尽管有些人被成功的渴望所激励，但也有一些人却被失败的恐惧所激发。
As the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。
2．表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句(1)as soon as，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directlyThe moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work，she was filled with joy.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。
(2)在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly got to the office，when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。
3．before，since引导的时间状语从句(1)before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。
常用句式：①It will be/was＋一段时间＋before...过了……时间才……；①It won't be/wasn't＋一段时间＋before...没过多久就……。
We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。
If you miss this chance，it may be years before you get another one.如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。
(2)since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。
since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
As is reported，it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.正如所报道的，清华大学自建立以来已有一百多年了。
4．till/until引导的时间状语从句until/till用于肯定句表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。
until 可用于句首，而till不能。
If you don't understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people until you figure it out.如果你遇到不懂的东西，可以搜索、研究以及和其他人交谈，直到你把它弄明白。
She didn't start the lesson until the pupils settled down.等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。
5．every time，each time，next time，the first time，by the time等引导的时间状语从句By the time you have finished this book，your meal will get cold.等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。
二、让步状语从句1．although，though，as和while引导的让步状语从句(1)though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序。
Although these measures are not effective forever，they are vital for now.虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。
Hot as/though the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.夜晚的空气虽然很热，但因为长途旅行之后很累，我们睡得很沉。
(2)though可用作副词，意为“然而”，表转折，置于句末。
(3)while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。
(4)as、though引导让步状语从句时采用倒装的两种特殊情况①如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。
Youngest as/though he is in our class，he speaks English best.他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但他英语说得最好。
①行为动词前置时，从句主语后面要用may，might，can，could，will，would等情态动词，若没有情态动词，则需加上一个do(does或did)。
若前置的行为动词是及物动词，则其宾语也随其后一并提前。
Search as they would here and there，they could find nothing in the room.尽管到处寻找，但他们在房间里找不到任何东西。
Change your mind as/though you do，you will get no help from us.即使你改变主意，你也得不到我们的帮助。
2．even if与even though 引导的让步状语从句even if/even though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。
Tim is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesn't get much exercise.蒂姆尽管不怎么锻炼，但体形很好。
3．“疑问词＋ever”引导的让步状语从句wherever，(what，who，whom，when，which，how)＋ever表示“无论……”，引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter where(what，who，whom，when，which，how)。
It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.总的来说，孩子想要什么就给什么是不明智的。
However/No matter how hungry I am，I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.无论我有多饿，我似乎从来不能吃完整条面包。
4．whether...or...引导的让步状语从句whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。
All people，whether they are old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。
