宾语从句讲解及练习
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宾语从句一、基本讲解1. 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。
eg. He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)2. 连接词(1) 述句转化成宾语从句时,引导词用that,口语中常常省略。
eg. She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2) 以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是述语序eg. I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意:一般情况下,whether 和if 可以互用,但有些情况例外。
a. 当从句做介词的宾语时只用whether 不用ifeg. We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时,只用whether.eg. Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether to go or not?c. if当”如果”讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,这时不能用whether.(3). 特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,引导词用特殊疑问词;引导词后要用述句语序。
E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you?特殊情况:当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,句式结构应为引导词+do you think+述句语序。
九年级宾语从句讲解及练习宾语从句是英语复合句中非常重要的一种从句,用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语。
它可以做介词或及物动词的宾语。
下面从三个方面总结归纳宾语从句。
一、引导词A.由that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say。
think。
wish。
hope。
see。
believe。
agree。
expect。
hear。
XXX等动词后。
that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略,但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好,特别是在笔语中。
例如:I told him that he was wrong.在think。
believe。
suppose。
expect等动词引起的宾语从句中,有时谓语尽管是否定意义,却不用否定形式,而将think等动词变为否定形式。
例如:I don’t think you are right。
(我认为你做的不对)在许多带有复合宾语的句子中,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面,而用it做形式宾语。
例如:We think it wrong that he told a lie to XXX(我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)B.由连词if、whether引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。
XXX和if可以替换。
例如:I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow。
The teacher asked if/whether we had finished XXX.注意:1.在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导。
例如:Everything depends on whether we have XXX.2.宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导。
例如:I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.3.和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导。
例如:Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.C.由wh-引导的宾语从句。
宾语从句【直接引语变间接引语】直接引语变间接引语就是将引语部分写成宾语从句或动词不定式短语,要注意以下几点:人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句的语序。
句型变化:(注意引导词)B.2、主句是一般过去时态时,从句时态用相应的过去时。
3、若从句为客观理论、自然现象或永恒不变的规律时,不受主句时态限制,从句仍用一般现在时。
C. 人称变化:如果直接引语中的人称是转述人本身,必须改为与转述人一致的人称代词。
“一随主,二随宾,三不变”1. She said, “My brother wants to go with me.”( She said her brother wanted to go with her.)2. He said to Kate, “How is your sister now?”( He asked Kate how her sister was then. )3. Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.”(Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker)D. 时间状语变化:1. now → then2. this year → that year3. yesterday → the day before4. last week → the week before5. three days ago → three days before6. tomorrow → the next day7. next week → the week after 8. today → that day9. ago→ before st night → the night before11.the day before yesterday →two days beforeE. 其它:this → that, these → those, here → there, come → go.Bring →take(注意:表中这些情况,要根据具体情况而定,不可机械照搬。
者某些形容词的宾语。
由于宾语从句涉及到引导词、语序、时态等多方面的内容,所以宾语从句的用法一直是学习的重点难点。
本文对宾语从句的用法进行了详尽讲解并附有专项练习,现分述如下:一•宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。
有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。
二•宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有:连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if代词:who, whose, what ,which畐H词:when ,where, how, why 等。
(一)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)1.可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest,hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report 等。
例句:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets ・2•引导宾语从句的that在下列情况下一般不省略:(1)・宾语从句前有插入语。
如:We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.恰恰相反,我们希望他和我们呆在家里。
(2). 有间接宾语时。
如:He told me that he was leaving for Japan. 他告诉我他要去日本。
初中宾语从句一、定义宾语从句是英语复合句中非常重要的从句之一,也是初中阶段要求重点掌握的从句。
宾语从句属于名词性从句,是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语。
宾语从句一般做介词或及物动词的宾语,如:We all expect that they will win.我们所有人都盼着他们能赢。
(动宾)We are talking about whether we should keep the money.我们正在讨论是否应该收下这笔钱。
(介宾)二、宾语从句的连接词宾语从句的引导词很多样,基本涵盖了从句中涉及的所有引导词,可分为从1. 若主句是现在时的某种时态(一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时),宾语从句不受限制,可以根据实际情况随意穿越,如:I remember he gave me a book yesterday.我记得他昨天给了我一本书。
He has told me that he will leave for Shanghai next week.他已经告诉我下周他就要动身去上海了。
2. 若主句是过去时的某种时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时),那么宾语从句一般要用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时),如:I only knew he was studying in a western country.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书。
My teacher told me that Mrs. Rosemary had been back to Australia already.我的老师告诉我,Rosemary夫人已经回澳大利亚了。
He told me that he would take part in the high jump.他告诉我他将会参加跳高。
3. 若从句是一个客观真理,那么从句用一般现在时,不根据主句的时态而变化,如:He told me that the earth goes around the sun.(真理)他告诉我地球围着太阳转。
宾语从句知识全解1. 宾语从句的理解常见的宾语有两种情况,一是名词或代词,二是介词+名词或代词(介宾)如:I miss you/my friend (其中you/my friend 就是代词/名词)He is looking at me/my face (其中at me/my face 介词+名词或代词) 结论:一般情况下,宾语都是一个词/介词+一个词 在观察以下句子 I don ’t know you (原来是一个词当宾语)I don ’t know if you are right (现在是一个句子)结论:将宾语变为一句话的句子就是宾语从句2. 宾语从句的判断思考:英语句子有很多!怎么判断哪些是宾语从句呢?技巧:常见的宾语从句情况有两种结论:记住两种情况一是动词+句子,二是介词+句子,两种即为宾语从句3. 宾语从句的引导词的理解思考:宾语从句为什么需要引导词?不用引导词不是更加简单?语言的作用是用简洁清晰表达想表达的,为什么要加引导词增加复杂程度?我们对比以下两个句子,找一下答案:I don ’t know he is a student.(先不考虑可以省略的情况)(对于一个句子只有一个动词的原则,这里出现了两个动词,一个句子不可能出现两个动词,而又没有连接词,容易让读者产生误会,认为这句话有语法错误。
)I don ’t know that he is a student.(整个句子虽然有两个动词,但是因为第二个句子开头有一个引导词“that ”(其作用相当于连接词)连接,符合一个句子一个动词原则即,句子+连接词+句子)结论:引导词有代替连接词的作用,可以帮助读者理解句子的结构动词+句子I don ’t know if you are right. 介词+句子 We are talking about if it will rain tomorrow. 宾语从句1.判断以下句子哪个是宾语从句()A.Teacher told that the sun is bigger than the moon to us.B.I have hated him since I was five.C. The children go to school by car every day.D.I met the man who is my friend’s uncle yesterday at school.解析:根据一是动词+句子,二是介词+句子的两种情况,只有A选项符合以上的情况。
宾语从句专项讲解及练习(有答案)宾语从句一、基本概念定义:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、宾语从句分类动词的宾语从句e.g.He asked whose handwriting was the best.介词的宾语从句e.g.It depends on whether it is going to rain.形容词的宾语从句,即系词+心理状态形容词+宾语e.g I am afraid that he can't finish the work.三、宾语从句用法详解1.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
即主语+谓语的顺序。
如:I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we’ll hav e the meeting.注意:在宾语从句中带有特殊疑问词但句序不变的句子:What’s the matter?What’s your trouble?What’s your problem?What’s up?What’s your name?典型例题1.Can you tell me ____?A .whom do we have to see B. whom we have to see2. The teacher asked the students ____.A. what they were doingB. what were they doing3. She wants to know____.A. where does he liveB. Where he lives4. Her father asked _____.A. who the tallest isB. who is the tallest5.Do you know ____?A. what is on the desk B . what on the desk is答案:BABBA2.宾语从句的时态1). 若主句时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解-专项练习及答案初中英语语法宾语从句讲解小口诀:宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时,从句不需受限制;主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时;陈述转化that引,一般疑问用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。
概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
Eg:He said,“I am good at drawing”.He said he was good at drawing。
(动词宾语)1.引导词1) that引导宾语从句时,通常用陈述句充当。
that可省略。
said,“I want to go there”She said (that) she wanted to go there.(2) whether或if引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当,陈述语序。
Eg:“Are you interested in geography?”she said.She asked if/whether I was XXX.I wonder if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei。
I’m not sure whether he will come or not.注意:一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况例外a.介词短语后只用whether不用ifeg: XXX about whether we'll go on the panic.b.引导词与动词不定式或or not连用时,只用whether.eg:I can’t say whether or not he will come on timec。
if当如果讲时,指导的是前提状语从句,透露表现‘如果’,不能用whether.Eg: If you want to be a good teacher。
it will take times.XXX succeed depends on how much effort you pay.3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时,不可省略,陈述句语序。
一.宾语从句基本知识点1.在复合句中充当宾语成分的句子叫做宾语从句。
(用一个句子当宾语,构成:连接词+宾语从句)不要忘记了:宾语有动词宾语和介词宾语学习所有从句的核心其实是学习各种类型的连接词,掌握了连接词,就掌握了这种从句。
2.宾语从句的连接词主要分为三类1)that;whether;if类(that在宾语从句中,不做成分时,可以省略;whether/if在宾语从句中,不做成分,但是有意义“是否”,不能省略)口语中,宾语从句的that只起连接作用时候,也没有任何含义,因此可以省略。
He wondered if he could pass the exam.Wanwan says(that)she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.Let’s see if/whether we can find out some information about the city.It all depends on whether she likes the boss or not.(介词on后的宾语从句)2).wh-类:who,what,which(需要掌握),whose,whom,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever(需要了解),这些词叫连接代词,在从句中做主语,宾语,表语,定语。
I wonder who will teach us.You can take whatever you like.=You can take anything that you like.Our teacher always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.3).连接副词when,where,why,how类(此连接副词有含义,表时间,地点,原因等,在从句中作状语)He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.Could you please tell me how you use the new machine?No one knows where these new things can be bought.小结:1.宾语分为动词宾语和介词宾语,因此,动词后可以接宾语从句,介词后也可以接宾语从句一般情况下介词后的宾语从句要用wh-类词来引导2.语序:宾语从句的语言顺序要用陈述语序:连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分例:They wanted to know what can they do for us.(宾语从句语序错误)They wanted to know what they can do for us.(宾语从句正确使用了陈述语序)Can you tell me who do we have to see?(宾语从句语序错误)Can you tell me who we have to see.(宾语从句正确使用了陈述语序)二.宾语从句其他重要知识点1.介词后的宾语从句一般用wh-词来引导He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.他对那天发生的事情感到不快。
宾语从句详细解析及精选练习题宾语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它在实际语言运用中经常出现,是语言表达的重要组成部分。
宾语从句通常出现在主句中作为宾语,其结构为“连接词+从句”。
常见的连接词有that, if, whether, how, when, where, why等。
宾语从句由一个主语和谓语组成,它的语序与主语从句的语序相同。
下面我们将详细解析宾语从句,并提供相应的练习题目。
一、宾语从句的种类1. 引导宾语从句的连接词(1) 引导宾语从句的连接词that:常用于陈述句中,做动词、形容词、副词等的宾语从句。
例如:I know that you are a good student.(我知道你是一个好学生。
)He said that he would come tomorrow.(他说他明天要来。
)(2) 引导宾语从句的连接词if / whether:用于是否疑问句中。
例如:I don't know if / whether he will come to the party.(我不知道他是否会来参加派对。
)We asked if / whether we could go to the beach.(我们问能否去海滩。
)(3) 引导宾语从句的连接词how:用于问方式的疑问句中。
例如:I don't know how to do this.(我不知道怎么做。
)Can you tell me how to get to the station?(你能告诉我去车站怎么走吗?)(4) 引导宾语从句的连接词when / where / why:分别用于问时间、地点和原因的疑问句中。
例如:I don't remember when we met.(我不记得我们是什么时候见的面。
)Do you know where he lives?(你知道他住在哪里吗?)I don't know why he didn't come.(我不知道他为什么没来。
宾语从句讲解及练习
(2010-08-09 00:48:00)
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初中英语语法
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宾语从句之攻克秘笈
在本单元的学习中,我们在多处都见到了宾语从句。
其实,在以前的课文中,我们也接触过它。
那么,宾语从句好学吗?其实,说来很简单的,来看看我为你准备的宾语从句之攻克秘笈吧!
秘笈一:引导词
宾语从句的引导词常常有以下三种:由陈述句转化而来的宾语从句,引导词为that,that 在口语或非正式文体中可省略;由一般疑问句转化而来的宾语从句,引导词为if或whether;由特殊疑问句转化而来的宾语从句,引导词为句子本身的特殊疑问词,即what,when,where 等。
如:
I think(that)he will come here by train. 我认为他会坐火车来这儿的。
He asked me if / whether I know his new address. 他问我是否知道他的新地址。
I want to know when you got back home yesterday. 我想知道你昨天什么时候到家的。
秘笈二:语序
宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序,即“主语+谓语+宾语+其他”。
也就是说,将疑问句转化成宾语从句时,一定要将疑问句语序转变成陈述句语序。
如:
Can you tell me what he will do tomorrow? 你能告诉我他明天将要做什么吗?
【友情提示】当疑问句在宾语从句中做主语时,语序不变。
如:
Do you know what makes him so excited? 你知道什么事使他如此兴奋吗?
I don’t know what is wrong with him.我不知道他出什么事了。
秘笈三:时态
主句为一般现在时态,则宾语从句根据实际情况用任意的时态;但主句为一般过去时态时,宾语从句则要用过去的相对应的某种时态。
例如:
She tells me that she will come by bus. 她说她将要坐公交车来。
She told me that she would come by bus. 她说她将要坐公交车来。
【友情提示】如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或是科学事实,其谓语动词仍用一般现在时态。
如:
Our teacher told us that the sun is much bigger than the moon.
老师告诉我们说太阳比月球大得多。
练一练:单项选择
()1. Please tell me___ ___. I have some good news for him.
A. where Robert lives
B. where does Robert live
C. where Robert lived
D. where did Robert live (2008 重庆市)
()2. —We don’t know.
—It is said that he was born in Canada.
A.what he is B.when he was born
C.where he comes from D.if he lives here (2008 广东汕头)
()3. —May I come in? I’m sorry I am late.
—Come in, please. But could you please tell me ______?
A. why you are late again
B. what were you doing then
C. who you talked with
D. how do you came to school (2008 河南省)
()4. Could you tell me________?
A. When will Mary come back
B. When Mary comes back
C. When Mary will come back (2008 青海省)
()5.—What did you say just now?
—I asked _______.
A. that I could open the door
B. could I open the door
C. how could I open the door
D. how I could open the door (2008 四川资阳)
()6.—Do you know ________, Mike?
—On May 12th,2008
A. when the earthquake took place in Wen Chuan
B. when did the earthquake take place in Wen Chuan
C. when the earthquake will take place in Wen Chuan (2008 山西省)参考答案:1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. A。