英语专业综合英语第七册习题及答案

英语专业综合英语Unit7练习答案Unit 7 How America LivesText Comprehension1. Which of the following is NOT a major aspect of the American life discussed by the author?A. Agriculture and transportation.B. Marriage and women's social status.C. Social welfare and education.D. Family value and housing.Key: [ A ]2. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1). Young people still get married, but the divorce rate is higher than the remarriage rate because many don't want to raise children. [ F ]2). The author welcomes the freer patterns of today's courtship and marriage because many young kids of his time suffered bitterly. [ T ]3). Today still very few women in universities are going up to the athletic programs and demanding a just share of the physical education budget. [ F ]4). American public schools today are inferior to those decades ago. [ T ]5). Builders seem not willing to erect small homes for young married couples because it is not very profitable. [ T ] Writing StrategiesThis text is an essay of exposition, for it presents solid facts and major problems about American social life, though the writer inserts his own ideas at times. The whole article is clearlyorganized, concentrating on the major changes and problems in current American society. The paragraphs are developed by the deductive method. Each paragraph contains a topic sentence, which is proved, explained, or illustrated. For example, each of the first three paragraphs begins with a topic sentence. Can you point out the topic sentences of paragraphs 4-8?It is easy to see that each paragraph starts with a topic sentence:Paragraph 4: "American women are changing the rules."Paragraph 5: "America is worried about its schools."Paragraph 6: "Some Americans must live on welfare."Paragraph 7: "America cannot find housing for its young families."Paragraph 8: "Our prospects are still good."In order to impressively illustrate, prove, or support the topic statements, the author employs various writing strategies, such as comparison and contrast that are used to show the similarities and differences concerning the issues under discussion. For instance, the beginning paragraph contains five sentences that tell us the relevant similarities and differences by means of comparison and contrast. Can you pick out some sentences in other paragraphs that show a relevant contrast?In Paragraph 2: "The 1980 election, especially for the Senate and House of Representatives, signaled a decided turn to the right insofar as political and social attitudes were concerned. It is as if our country spent the 1960s and 1970s jealously breaking out of old restraints and now wishes to put the brakes on, as cautious people often do after a binge."In Paragraph 4: "Thirty years ago I could not have imagined a group of women employees suing a major corporation formillions of dollars of salary which, they alleged, had been denied them because they had been discriminated against. Nor could I imagine women in universities going up to the men who ran the athletic programs and demanding a just share of the physical education budget. But they are doing this —and with the support of many men who recognize the justice of their claims."In Paragraph 5: "If I had a child today, I would send her or him to a private school for the sake of safety, for the discipline that would be enforced and for the rigorous academic requirements. But I would doubt that the child would get any better education that I did in my good public school. The problem is that good public schools are becoming pitifully rare, and I would not want to take the chance that the one I sent my children to was inadequate."In Paragraph 6: "In the bad old days she might have known destitution, but with family assistance she was able to hold her children together and produced three fine, tax-paying citizens." (This sentence implies a contrast: it is not the case nowadays.) In Paragraph 9: "I think of America as having the oldest form of government on earth, because since we started our present democracy in 1789, every other nation has suffered either parliamentary change or revolutionary change."As can be seen in the text, the tone is mainly objective, and it is definite and resolute when the writer expresses obligations as well as his attitudes or opinions. For example, in Paragraph 6, we find two sentences: "Some Americans must live on welfare." and "…some kind of social welfare assistance must be doled out to those who cannot find jobs." These two sentences resolutely express the moral obligation to those Americans who cannot find jobs and make the writer's attitude absolutely clear. Now listsome other examples in the text to show that the tone is definite or resolute when the writer expresses obligations and his attitudes or opinions.The following examples show the definite or resolute tone of the writer.In Paragraph 1: "In a time of rapid change it is essential that we remember how much of the old we cling to."In Paragraph 2: "We should expect to see a reaffirmation of traditional family values, sharp restraints on pornography, a return to religion and a rejection of certain kinds of social legislation. "In Paragraph 3: "Without reservation, I applaud the freer patterns of today, although I believe that it's been difficult for some families to handle the changes."In Paragraph 5: "The problem is that good public schools are becoming pitifully rare, and I would not want to take the chance that the one I sent my children to was inadequate."In Paragraph 7: "America cannot find housing for its young families. I consider this the most serious danger confronting family life in America, and I am appalled that the condition has been allowed to develop? For a major nation to show itself impotent to house its young people is admitting a failure that must be corrected."Language Work1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.1). They belong to churches, even though they attend somewhat less frequently.→ believe in Christianity and are members of the Christian churches2). The 1980 election signaled a decided turn to the right insofar as political and social attitudes were concerned.→ insofar as: to the extent that; were concerned: were involved3). Without reservation, I applaud the freer patterns of today.→ With whole-hearted support4). For a major nation to show itself impotent to house its young people is admitting a failure that must be corrected.→ to display its inability5. We have a physical setting of remarkable integrity.→an extraordinarily unspoilt physical environment2. Fill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair in their appropriate forms and note the difference of meaning between them.restraint constraintExplanation: Restraint and constraint are sometimes interchangeable in use, meaning control over the way you behave which prevents you from doing what you want to do. But restraint can specially refer to calm, controlled, and unemotional behaviour, while constraint is something that limits or controls what you can do.1. Options are offered subject to staff availability and timetable constraints.2. Reminding all concerned that violence breeds violence, they repeat their appeal for calm and restraint.3. The appalled chief warned his violent officers to show restraint.4. We have just been looking at the number of coal mine accidents, and they can certainly be a big constraint on what China is striving for.expect hopeExplanation: Both words pertain to the attitude of looking forward to something that is to occur in the future. Hope suggests looking forward exclusively to some positive or favorable outcome; it may be well-founded in probability or completely beyond the scope of the possible. Expect suggests looking forward either to a positive or to a negative outcome, but the point of this word is that it concerns itself with supposed certainties. Also, the two words fall into different sentence structures: to hope that / or hope to do / to expect something.1. We are expecting rain again late this afternoon according to the weather report.2. A draw seems to be the best they can hope for.3. I can't manage that by myself, and I don't see why it should be expected of me either.4. Diplomats hope the meetings will help build mutual trust.rejection refusalExplanation: Both words mean the unwillingness to accept, receive, or take into account a person or thing. Rejection refers to the failure to accept or grant and carries overtones of casting aside as useless, valueless or unsuitable, while refusal means the failure to comply with or the failure to do something with overtones of firmness and even rudeness.1. The rejection of the plan by the Congress three weeks ago led to a major protest by the administration.2. Their refusal to compromise will inevitably invite more criticism from the UN.3. His refusal to talk was sheer stubbornness.4. The rejection of such initiatives indicates that the voters are unconcerned about environmentalallege assertExplanation Assert means to state with firmness and force, whereas allege means to state without offering necessary proof.1. Mr. Helm planned to assert that the bill violated the First Amendment.2. She has strong feelings about the alleged growth of violence against female officers.3. The Nordic countries have been quick to assert their interest in the development of the Baltic countries.4. The enquirer dug deeper into the alleged financial misdeeds of his government.3. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box, using its appropriate form.allege prospect ponder recipient discriminated compassionate destitution grievously reaffirmation dreadful binge dole1). When his prospective employers learned that he smoked, they said they wouldn't hire him.2). In him the polarities of life are resolved and balanced, male and female, strength and compassion, severity and mercy.3). Inarticulate and rather shy, he had always dreaded speaking in public.4). Allegations of brutality and theft have been leveled at the army.5). Our government cannot keep doling out money to those who are fastidious about the jobs offered to them.6). He was deeply grieved by the sufferings of the common people.7). Many studies have shown that "restrained eaters" will eventually binge and relapse.8). He reaffirmed his commitment to the country's economic reform program.4. Make a sentence of your own for each of the given words with meanings other than those used in the text. You may change the part of speech of these words.1). couple→ Over-use of those drugs, coupled with poor diet, leads to physical degeneration.2). tax→Overcrowding has taxed the city's ability to deal with waste.3). turn→ She announced that she was going to turn professional.4). just→ It's not just a financial matter.5). sharp→ In the hot sun the rain-washed herbs smelled sharp, spicy, and sweet all at once.6). husky→ His voice was husky with grief.5. Fill in each blank with a conjunct, selected from those supplied in the parenthesis, which provides the most natural development of thought.``Thank you very much for lending me this book. (1) Actually (Furthermore/So/Actually) I'm afraid I didn't understand much of it. (2) Consequently (Consequently/On the other hand/However) I read less than half of it! (3) Nevertheless (Thus/Besides/Nevertheless) it's a subject that interests me. (4) Moreover (Therefore/Moreover/Consequently) it's one that I need to know more about for my work. (5) Besides (Infact/Thus/Besides), this isn't the first time that I've tried to find out something about it, as you may remember. (6) Therefore (Therefore/In fact/And yet) you can see I'm not giving up! (7) However (Furthermore/However/Thus) I haven't got a lot of time to spend on it. (8) So (So/Nevertheless/On the other hand) perhaps you'd be good enough to send me that simpler book you mentioned.6. Put a word in each blank that is appropriate for the context.Most Americans have great vigor and enthusiasm. They prefer to discipline themselves (1) rather than be disciplined by others. They pride themselves on their independence, their right to make up their own minds. They are prepared to (2) take the initiative, even when there is a risk in doing so. They have courage and do not give in easily. They will take any sort of job (3) anywhere rather than be unemployed. They do not care to be looked after by the government. The (4) average American changes his or her job nine or ten times during his or her working life.Americans have a warmth and friendliness which is (5) less superficial than any foreigners think. They are considered sentimental. When on ceremonial (6) occasions they see a flag, or attend parades celebrating America's glorious past, tears may come to their eyes. Reunions with family and friends (7) tend to be emotional, too. They like to dress correctly, even if "correctly" means flamboyantly. They love to boast, (8) though often with tongue in cheek. They can laugh at themselves and their country, and they can be very self-critical, while remaining always intensely patriotic.The U. S. A. is reputed to be a classless society. There is certainly not much social snobbery or job snobbery. The manualworker is usually quite at (9) ease in any company. This is partly explained by the fact that people of all (10) income groups go together to the same schools. Americans are far more race-conscious than they are class-conscious.Translation1. Translating Sentences1). 假如你要去英国度假，那么你在与天气打赌。

Text comprehensionI. CII. 1. T2. F3. F4. T5. TIV. 1. He almost had no sense of responsibility.2. He wrote large numbers of letters begging for money. In some letters he was servile without shame, and in other letters he loftily offered his targeted benefactor the privilege of contributing to his support. If the recipient refused to accept his offer, i.e. refused to lend him money, he would fly into a rage.3. He would use influence from as many people as possible in order to meet some admirer of his who was only too glad to offer him his help.4. Since Wagner was driven by such tremendous forces, it is no wonder that he didn’t behave like a normal human being.VocabularyI. 1. person with extremely excessive self-pride2. with all their talents combined in him3. in a bad temper; unwell or annoyed4. without5. use as much influence of his as possible (from behind the scenes)6. make concessionII. 1. pulled wires2. be content with3. rolled into one4. between the lines of5. sink into6. innocent of7. out of sorts8. lay my hands onIII. 1. callousness2. tormentor3. inconceivable4. arrogantly5. gloomy6. tragedy7. delusion8. loftyIV. 1. A2. B3. C4. A5. C6. B7. A8. DV. 1. humbleness (modesty)2. amazing (stunning, miraculous) 3. cold-blooded (inhumane, merciless)4. void5. ethical (moral, principled, scrupulous)6. parody (caricature)7. exhilaration (bliss, ecstasy)8. proudly (self-importantly)VI. 1. company2. controlled3. imprecise4. out of fashion5. immediately6. coverGrammarI. 1. at2. on3. to4. at5. from6. of7. in; for; at8. on; of; of9. over10. on; under; out ofII. 1. C2. A3. B4. C5. D6. D7. B8. DIII.Both John and I wanted to go to the movies, but we could not agree which picture we should go to see. A new picture was showing at the Palace and another at the Globe. Neither John nor I had seen either of these pictures. I wanted to see the one at the Globe, but John didn't. IV. 1. My cousin, John, who has a beautiful tenor voice, is appearing at the Royal Festival Hall, where I am going to meet him after the concert.2. The roller coaster, which made its appearance in 1884, is till one of the most exciting rides in an amusement park.3. As I could not find a British-made ballpoint pen, I bought a French one, which was expensive although it was an extremely simple pen.4. Everybody who is interested in brass rubbings should visit our village church because it contains some beautiful brasses which date from the 14th century.5. Despite free medical treatment being availble to everybody in the country, there are still a number of private hospitals, which are mostly patronized by foreign visitors who do not want to wait for a bed in a National Health Service hospital.6. Crochet, which used to be a favourite pastime in Victorian times, is back in fashion because clothes have become so expensive that it is worthwile to make them.7. Clanging its bell, the empty cable car approaches, swaying as though slightly drunk.8. We arrived by plane from Denver, a 16-minute flight that culminated in a breathtaking touchdown at a tiny airport tucked in among the Rocky Mountains.V. 1. The child is lonely; he would be happier if he had someone to paly with.2. I have some letters to write.3. He was the first man to leave the burning building.4. The pilot was the only man to survive the crash.5. The last one to leave the room must turn out the lights.6. That is the largest ship to be built.7. My files are all over the place. I wish I had a box to keep them in.8. I don't much care for cooking my self; if I had a family to cook for I'd be more interested. TranslationI. 1. 任何人只要有一丝半点的不同意见，即使再微不足道，也足够让他高谈阔论几个钟头，用他那十分累人的雄辩从多面认证自己是正确的，结果是他的听众目瞪口呆，两耳震聋，为了息事宁人，只好顺从他。

英语专业综合英语第一学期期末试题（卷）英语专业综合英语第一学期期末考试I. Please write the correct words according to themeanings given below. (10%)1. n. great effort2. n. (pl.) feelings of doubt and fear3. v. to deliberately get involved in a situation that does notconcern you, which may be annoying to others4. n. sb. who frightens, hurts, or threatens weaker people5. v. to criticize, to censure6. a. dark, esp. in a way that seems sad7. a. (of land, plants) producing much8. n. a sudden strong feeling of excitement or pleasure9. n. sceptic; a person who sees little or no good in others10.v. (of flowers) to open or to be open11.n. a way of thinking about or looking at sth.12.v. to tell sb. that sth. is sure to happen so that he doesnot have to worry13.n. a lack; not having enough, esp. food14.a. very unhappy15. v. to invite people to one’s home, usually for a meal16. v. to arouse interest or curiosity17.v. unroll; to open out; to straighten out18.adv. happening or done at exactly the same time19.v. to dry up; to be reduced in size and color20.v. to remove; to get rid ofII. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the expressions listed below. (10%)in some ways call for run out at oncebring up give rise to tear down happen tooccur to ask for deal in read intofor one thing take over at heart in turn resort to run into move in on used to1.Both sides are willing to sit down and talk becausethey know it is stupid ______ force.2.The heavy rains they had last summer ______ seriousflooding.3.Some of the nation’s best lawyers are on the case.They are offering their services free because theyhave no doubt ______the ethical nature of the case.4.The two men began to ______ me when they saw I was alone.Luckily a police officer happened to pass by just atthat time.5.Has it ever______ you that all these changes havehappened in the past three decades?6.There______ be lots of fish, shrimps and crabs in ourrivers and lakes and ponds, but now no longer.7.The government has promised that it will not hesitateto punish those who ______ cheating, gambling, black marketeering, and prostitution.8.In those days few people liked the job of coal mining,because ______, the work was hard, very hard. Besides it was very dangerous.9.He ______ his father’s business when his father died.10. The generation gap is a big problem and ______serious attention. I think we young people should try to understand older people’s worries and cares and respect their experience, while older people ______should respect youngpeople’s wishes and desires.11. I had not seen my sister for ages. So this visit wasa wonderful opportunity for me, because I could do twothings______ .12. Time is ______. Unless we come up with a solution inthe next few days, we will ______ serious trouble.13. This man is a joke. He has been ______ to believe thathe is the most learned person on earth.14. I think they are ______ trouble building those houseson the dry bed of the lake. These houses will have tobe______ sooner or later to return the land to the lake.15. The message of this essay is simple and obvious. Idon’t think you should ______ too much ______ it.16. He has lived in big cities for almost 10 years. But____ he is still a country boy______.III. Put in appropriate adverbs or prepositions. (10%) 1.Linda worked harder than before; she knew she had to make ______ the time she had lost.2.The police were informed that some neighborhood bully has been shaking the boy ______ for more than one month.3. We will not just look ______ whilst our next-door neighbor struggles with his enemy.4. The boy’s death was a terrible blow to his mother. She just couldn’t get ______ it.5. When I die of old age, I will have no regret becauseI know what I have left unfinished will be passed _______ ______ the young.6. She takes ________ her mother. She also likes to take an active part in social reform.7. My grandfather decided to work as a coal miner afterhe finished school instead of going ________ to college.8. Zhuge Liang promised to see _______ it that Zhou Yuget 100,000 arrows within three days.9. ________ want of a better word, let’s call them “professional drinkers”because it is their officialduty to drink ________ behalf of the officials at banquets.10. What he likes to do after a day in the office is tochat freely with a friend or two ________ a glass ofwine.11. Li Bai wrote this beautiful poem to express his thanksto a farmer who had walked a long way to see him____________.12. The generation gap is a big problem and calls ______serious attention.13. I did not tell her the truth but it ran contrary ______my principles, and I felt bad ______ it.14. I don’t understand why somebody who has made afactory turn _________ more cigarettes should bepraised.15. All night long she sang, and the thorn went deeperher breast.16. Somehow I couldn’t do it myself, so I went andgot a plain clothes man to do the job.17.They refused my request ______ offering a reason.18.I rose early on September 6, 1994, and headed ______theGolden Gate Bridge.19.The driver told me he was once robbed ______ knifepoint bya hitchhiker.20. He pretended to be a Frenchman, but his Americanaccent gave him ______.IV. Paraphrase the following sentences. (20%)1. Those who were able took advantage of the opportunities for success and happiness that presented themselves.2. Everything about him suggested a carefully dressed authority.3. … but in a bad year, it’s not only the ploughs that break but our hearts, too.4. It was a small room on the sixth floor, and hardly a setting for a romantic figure.5. “She has form. …. That cannot be denied. But has shegot feeling? I’m afraid not. In fact, she is like most artists: she is all style without any sincerity.”6. As a product of American education, I had never paid the slightest attention to the green banana, except to regard it as a fruit whose time had not yet come.7. Those who had the least to give often gave the most.8. We figured that in twenty years each of us ought tohave our fate worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.9. A man gets stuck in New York. It takes the West to makea man really keen.10. When it finally died, I removed the roots from thesoil, washed them, and buried them in a corner of the garden.V. Read the following passages carefully and choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C andD. (20%)Passage 1As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society hasbeen shifting from curing disease to preventing disease –especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight , but does not eat very nutritious (有营养的) foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beersat home most nights but does not drive while drunk , and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “ not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been ca lled “well”. In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be "well," in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. "Wellness" may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for.People who are well are likely to be better able to resistdisease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.1. Today medical care is placing more stress on ________.A. keeping people in a healthy physical conditionB. monitoring patients’ body functionsC. removing people’s bad living habitsD. ensuring people’s psychological well-being2. In the first paragraph, people are reminded that ________.A. good health is more than not being illB. drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmfulC. regular health checks are essential to keeping fitD. prevention is more difficult than cure3. Traditionally, a person is considered "well" if he ________.A. does not have any unhealthy living habitsB. does not have any physical handicapsC. is able to handle his daily routinesD. is free from any kind of disease4. According to the author, the true meaning of "wellness" is for people ________.A. to best satisfy their body’s spec ial needsB. to strive to maintain the best possible healthC. to meet the strictest standards of bodily healthD. to keep a proper balance between work and leisure5. According to what the author advocates, which of thefollowing groups of people would be considered healthy?A. People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.B. People who are not presently experiencing anysymptoms of disease.C. People who try to be as possible, regardless oftheir limitations.D. People who can recover from illness even withoutseeking medical care.Passage 2Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on the presidential candidates and how they’ll change America. Rightly so, but selfishly, I’m more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might be able to do, not just for this country, but for me as an African-American woman. As the potential First Lady, she would have the world’s attention. And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close and personal with the type of African-American woman they so rarely see.Usually, the lives of black women go largely unexamined. The prevailing theory seems to be that we’re all hot-tempered single mothers who can’t keep a man. Even in the world of make-believe, black women st ill can’t escape the stereotype of being eye-rolling, oversexed females raised by our never-married, alcoholic (酗酒的) mothers.These images have helped define the way all women are viewed, including Michelle Obama. Before she ever gets the chance to commit to a cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her most urgent and perhaps most complicated duty may be simple to be herself.It won’t be easy. Because few mainstream publications have done in-depth features on regular African-American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis. For better or worse, Michelle will represent us all.Just as she will have her critics, she will also have millions of fans who usually have little interest in the First Lady. Many African-American blogs have written about what they’d like to see Michelle bring to the WhiteHouse—mainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family. Michelle will have to work to please everyone—an impossible task. But for many African-American women like me, just a little of her poise (沉着), confidence and intelligence will go a lon g way in changing an image that’s been around for far too long.6. Why does Michelle Obama hold a strong fascination forthe author?A) She serves as a role model for African women.B) She possesses many admirable qualities becominga First Lady.C) She will present to the world a new image ofAfrican-American women.D) She will pay closer attention to the interests ofAfrican-American women.7. What is the common stereotype of African-Americanwomen according to the author?A) They are victims of violence.B) They are of an inferior violence.C) They use quite a lot of body language.D) They live on charity and social welfare.8. What do many African-Americans write about in their blogs?A) Whether Michelle can live up to the highexpectations of her fans.B) How Michelle should behave as a public figure.C) How proud they are to have a black woman in theWhite House.D) What Michelle should do as wife and mother in theWhite House.9. What does the author say about Michelle Obama as aFirst Lady?A) However many fans she has, she should remainmodest,B) She shouldn’t disappoint the African-Americancommunity.C) However hard she trie s, she can’t expect toplease everybody.D) She will give priority to African-Americanwomen’s concerns.10. What do many African-American women hope MichelleObama will do?A) Help change the prevailing view about black women.B) Help her husband in the task of changing America.C) Outshine previous First Lady.D) Fully display her fine qualities.VI. Fill in each blank of the passage with ONE suitable word. (10%)More than one million children in the United States do not go to school. 1 , they learn at home. They are 2 by adults, like tutors (家庭教师).Most often, their parents are their teachers. Educational companies, libraries, and the Internet 3__ many families with teaching material.Parents choose home-schooling for several reasons. Some choose it because of their religious __4 . Others say it provides more time for the family to be 5 . They say home offers a 6 placefor learning. Some parents believe home-schooling C problems of traditional schools, which ___8__ classes that have too many students. Critics, 9 , say children need to 10 school with other children.VII. Translate. (20%)1.他喜欢炫耀它的财富，但是这完全是徒劳的，人们仍然像躲避毒药那样躲他。

Integrated Course (2nd ed.) Book 3 Unit 7 Key to the Exercises of Part IIP. 205 --212I. Vocabulary1. Fill in the gaps1. disabled2. impatient3. solitary4. crushed5. feel like6. lashed7. echoing8. paused9. betrayed 10. laundry 11. section 12. tilted2. Fill in phrasal verbs1. cared for2. hang on3. was laid up with4. are gaining on5. kicked up6. went off7. drop off8. straighten out3. Rewrite sentences1. sometimes didn’t register with her2. in disorder, drawers pulled out, shoes and boots scattered3. was transferred from Father’s account to my account4. a pledge to contribute 100,000 dollars to the Children in Need charity campaign5. the most profitable business in that province4. Complete sentences1. gaining on, off balance, was laid up in, scar on2. a cripple /crippled, surgery, limitations, in literature3. commission, on the phone, his territory, never registers withII. Usage1. Rewrite and Shorten sentences1. I never did go over these books, although I probably should have.2. I know this is a personal question. You don’t have to answer me if you don’t want to.3. I think this topic should have attracted far more attention from philosophers than it has.4. “I think you’re right.” --- “I’m sure I am.”5. “He thought that the condition was hereditary in his case.” --- “Well, it might be.”6. “Sugar?” --- “No, maybe next time.”7. The house is only a building. It is a place to live, nothing more.8. Diane: You didn’t! Tell me you didn’t!Father: Oh, yes. Anything for my children.III. Word Family1. Fill in blanks1.1 bored 1.2 boredom 1.3 bored 1.4 boringly 1.5 boring2.1 encouraged 2.2 encouragingly 2.3 encouraging 2.4 encouragement3.1 frozen 3.2 freeze 3.3 freezing 3.4 freezer 3.5 freezeComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related cloze1. off … feet2. signature3. commission4. on the phone5. laid up6. surgery7. territory8. disorder9. applying for 10. dignity2. Theme-related cloze1. didn’t2. read3. come4. money5. because6. earning7. doing8. own9. obviously 10. valueII Translation1. Sentence Translation1. I grew terribly scared when I heard sounds of footsteps echoing round the hallway at midnight yesterday.2. The name-brand sports shoes are guaranteed for 12 months.3. Snowstorms threw communications and transportation into disorder.4. I’ve been suffering a lot of stress from work lately. I feel like taking a vacation at the seaside.5. Living in an apartment is all right, but it has its limitations --- for example, you don’t have your own garden.2. Passage Translation.Tom was born a cripple, with one of his lower limbs useless. Early in his childhood, he learned that unless he so exerted himself as to rise above his limitations, he could not earn a living, and unless he succeeded in making a living on his own, he could not win /gain the respect of others. That was the price he had to pay for his dignity as a human being.Tom applied for numerous jobs, only to be turned down, before he finally got one as a delivery boy for a Pizza Hut. He then worked as a sales representative for a sportswear company in a territory no one else would want. Today he owns a fairly profitable retail shop in his hometown, and hires several people to work for him.。

Unit 5 课后练习答案P83. IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1. The argument of conservatism has a certain disadvantage but it is also advantageous over liberals for it depends on the actual state of things.2. Conservatives do not have a romantic vision, or request for the better, or the urge to be creative. What they tend to do is to maintain the status quo. On the other hand, liberals are not satisfied with the status quo, so they won't treat things with caution to keep them intact, or make efforts to conserve the resources or assets already existent.3. It is certain that conservatives and liberals, representing two opposite ideals, have their respective advantages, but they both are limited in some way.P83. Text appreciation1) It is the counteraction of the centripetal and the centrifugal forces. (Paragraph 9)2) The castle, which conservatism is set to defend, is the actual state of things, good and bad. The project of innovation is the best possible state of things. (Paragraph 10)3) We are reformers in spring and summer, in autumn and winter we stand by the old; reformers in the morning, conservers at night. (Paragraph 10)P84. Language workI. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words.1. spreads or prevails forcefully benefits or profits; gains2. wins; prevails3. be equally deep-rooted in human nature4. depends onstate or quality of being unlimited5. pays attention to6. the best it has to offerP84 Choose a word or phrase that best completes each of the following sentences.l.A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A7. D 8. D 9. A 10. DP85. FILL IN the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1.rageful2. incontestable3. emblematic4. irreconcilable5. hierarchized6. unseemly7. treacherous8. mountaineeringP86 改错题1. nationally—internationally2. as…like3. /…for4. does…done5. subject后面加other6. that …what7. few…fewer8. /…the9. amount…number10. where…whichp86. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word.1. as2. like3. who4. caused5. life6. people7. but8. published9. master 10. withdrewP87.汉译英People turn themselves into two conflicting forces — conservatives and liberals, owing to their respective opposing philosophical views about life. The former are complacent with the established hierarchies while the latter strive for a new cosmos order which they believe will be superior to the previous one. They each give priorities to totally different things. The former emphasizes brilliant past glories while the latter are chiefly concerned about the rosy future. The former bases their views on man's incontestable limitations while the latter stand on his indisputable infinitude of possibilities in improving and perfecting themselves. If the former go too far, they may display some nostalgia for a largely nonexistent past, which may handicap the pursuit of a still better future. If the latter go too far, they tend to cherish some dreams too romantic to be practical. If human life consists of spring, summer, autumn and winter, we are inclined to be liberals in spring and summer, but there is every likelihood that we may turn ourselves into conservatives by degrees in autumn and winter. For example, the famous modernist poet Eliot explored in his early poetry various aspects of decay of civilization in the modern Western world, but he attached much importance to stability and order in his later works.。

新编大学英语综合教程Unit 7课后练习答案vocabulary and StructureⅠ. The negative suffix “-less” means without or that never cannot be. Fill in the blanks with a proper word from the following list. Change the form when necessary.后缀“-less”表示没有或永远不能。

用下表中适当的词填空。

必要时更改词格。

homeless careless harmless endlesstireless countless worthless aimless homeless [ˈhəʊmləs]adj. 无家的; 无家可归的人们。

careless[ˈkeələs]adj.粗心的;疏忽引起的;无忧无虑的。

countless[ˈkaʊntləs]adj. 无数的; 数不胜数的。

worthless[ˈwɜːθləs]adj. 没用的; 无价值的; 品质坏的。

aimless[ˈeɪmləs]adj. 没有方向的; 无目标的; 无计划的。

1. The traffic accident happened as the result of the drivers ____ driving.交通事故的发生是由于司机们开车疏忽造成的。

【解析】careless。

类似例句：It has been discovered that the traffic accident resulted from the driver's careless driving.2. After the earthquake Firemen took ____ children to social Welfare Institution.【解析】homeless。

大学专业用途英语课后习题答案1. You'd better ( ) a copy of the whole article for yourself. [单选题] *A. make(正确答案)B. makingC. to makeD. made2. He is very strict. It is no use ( ) yourself to him. [单选题] *A. explainedB. to explainC. explaining(正确答案)D. explain3. All people must pull together ( ) the project can be finished on schedule. [单选题] *A. as thoughB. ifC. even thoughD. in order that(正确答案)4. I wish I ( ) shopping with you yesterday, because I was very bored at home then. [单选题] *A. had gone(正确答案)B. would goC. could have goneD. went5. If ( ) in a warm place, these flowers will bloom in late May. [单选题] *A. to plantB. planted(正确答案)C. plantD. planting6. My father recommended two new books to me, ( ) seemed to be very interesting. [单选题] *A. both of thatB. all of thatC. both of which(正确答案)D. all of which7. Tom will never forget the days ( ) he lived in the remote village with his parents. [单选题] *A. whatB. whichC. when(正确答案)D. why8. Don't expect too much from her. The more you expect, ( ) you will become. [单选题] *A. the disappointedB. more disappointedC. the most disappointedD. the more disappointed(正确答案)9. The weather is quite fine. Let's go swimming, ( )？ [单选题] *A. will youB. shall we(正确答案)C. do weD. do you10. There is no doubt that the residents living in this building can have free ( ) to the swimming pool. [单选题] *A. excessB. access(正确答案)C. accelerateD. assess11. If you want to strengthen your friendship with your friends, you should ( ) more time communicating with them. [单选题] *A. spend(正确答案)B. takeC. payD. cost12. Tom has been nervous for three days, since he will have a(n) ( ) for the manager's job. [单选题] *A. reviewB. viewC. chatD. interview(正确答案)13. But for your advice, I ( ) the task arranged by the leader yesterday. [单选题] *A. shall not finishB. could not have finished(正确答案)C. shall finishD. could finish14. The aim of this meeting is ( ) how to solve the serious crisis. [单选题] *A. to discuss(正确答案)B. discussingC. to discussingD. discussed15. This building is named ( ) his name in memory of his great invention. [单选题] *A. upB. after(正确答案)C. atD. in16. ( ) are quite humorous and everyone likes making friends with them. [单选题] *A. The Bushes(正确答案)B. A BushC. BushesD. The Bush17. One way to manage time wisely is to give ( ) to what is the most important. [单选题] *A. principleB. permissionC. priority(正确答案)D. process18. The teachers don't know ( ), because the meeting rooms are being decorated. [单选题] *A. where should the meeting be heldB. which should the meeting be heldC. which the meeting should be heldD. where the meeting should be held(正确答案)19. Due to the outbreak of the epidemic, many outdoor activities have been ( ). [单选题] *A. called forB. called off(正确答案)C. called backD. called in20. According to the report, some experts ( ) the shop with selling cups with insulting ads. [单选题] *A. charge(正确答案)B. accuseC. blameD. condemn21. Some people ( ) it for granted that what they pick up in the street belongs to them. [单选题] *A. makeB. take(正确答案)C. getD. regard22. Because there is enough time, the teacher advises students ( ) their papers again. [单选题] *A. examinedB. to examine(正确答案)C. to examiningD. examine23. Many people suffer from hunger in this country ( ) the decrease of food imports this year. [单选题] *A. instead ofB. regardless ofC. due to(正确答案)D. as to24. I ( ) reading the novel by yesterday, so I buy a new novel today. [单选题] *A. had finished(正确答案)B. finishedC. finishD. would finish25. Most foreign people think ( ) very difficult to learn to write Chinese characters. [单选题] *A. thatB. thisC. it(正确答案)D. one26. Mary heard her name called by someone, whose voice was very familiar ( ) her. [单选题] *A. withB. to(正确答案)C. onD. in27. One ( ) of extra-curricular activities is that the kids involved can gain friendship. [单选题] *A. flexibilityB. benefit(正确答案)C. privilegeD. interest28. I will tell the truth to him if he ( ) the funeral the day after tomorrow. [单选题] *A. would attendB. will have attendedC. attends(正确答案)D. will attend29. His ( ) of the accident conflicted with that of the other witnesses. However, I believed what he said was true. [单选题] *A. expectationB. instructionC. responseD. account(正确答案)30. Every time I run into difficulty, he is always the first ( ) help. [单选题] *A. to be offeredB. to offer(正确答案)C. offerD. offering31. Many women have to resign in order to ( ) their children wholeheartedly. [单选题] *A. bring up(正确答案)B. put upC. break upD. build up32. My good friend Lily told me that she ( ) to New York the next month. [单选题] *A. wentB. goesC. would go(正确答案)D. will have gone33. It is natural that people ( ) feel upset for no reason. It usually won't last too long. [单选题] *A. sometimes(正确答案)B. some timesC. a timeD. some time34. Our company wants to invest in the property market, so we look forward to ( ) with that company. [单选题] *A. cooperateB. cooperating(正确答案)C. cooperatedD. being cooperated35. It is really ( ) to borrow money from your elder sister just to help a selfish stranger pay off his debt. [单选题] *A. ridiculous(正确答案)B. stubbornC. splendidD. popular36. The kids in the kindergarten help each other and never quarrel, thus creating a ( ) atmosphere. [单选题] *A. commonB. lonelyC. peaceful(正确答案)D. steady37. You ( ) to make so many preparations; the job has been assigned to an experienced fellow. [单选题] *A. needn't have bothered(正确答案)B. shouldn't have botheredC. mustn't have botheredD. couldn't have bothered38. ( ) in the park yesterday afternoon, my mother met an old friend. [单选题] *A. To walkB. Walking(正确答案)C. WalkD. Walked39. Mary behaved in a specially confident manner ( ) she had understood the problem completely. [单选题] *A. as if(正确答案)B. whetherC. althoughD. than40. As we all know, success results from hard work; ( ) efforts, nothing can be achieved. [单选题] *A. except forB. without(正确答案)C. despiteD. besides41. His advice is that your father ( ) more exercise outdoors in the morning. [单选题] *A. doneB. will doC. should do(正确答案)D. does42. From this book, you can know ( ) those animals escape from their natural enemies. [单选题] *A. whoB. how(正确答案)C. whereD. it43. Plants are very ( ) to climate change. Therefore, many tree species are faced with extinction because of global warming. [单选题] *A. sensibleB. consciousC. sensitive(正确答案)D. independent44. His two dogs made a mess in his room, ( ) he didn't want to punish them. [单选题] *A. andB. orC. becauseD. but(正确答案)45. Hearing the words, he didn't seem to be offended; ( ), he looked very happy. [单选题] *A. in a wordB. in other wordsC. on the wholeD. on the contrary(正确答案)46. ( ) the salary is rather low, many young people have resigned in recent months. [单选题] *A. Because(正确答案)B. ForC. AfterD. So that47. What the little girl wants ( ) a pen, and what her elder brother wants ( ) two books. [单选题] *A. are; areB. is; isC. is; are(正确答案)D. are; is48. Most universities don't ( ) that every student can graduate with a certificate if they don't study hard. [单选题] *A. guarantee(正确答案)B. provideC. requireD. complete49. The company has recently taken on fifty people ( ) live in the local area. [单选题] *A. whichB. whoseC. thoseD. who(正确答案)50. All the afternoon my colleagues and I ( ) a report in the meeting room. [单选题] *A. prepareB. were to prepareC. have been preparing(正确答案)D. had been preparing5I. It is no use worrying about the future all the time. No one knows what will ( ) next minute. [单选题] *A. take placeB. get onC. disappearD. happen(正确答案)52. Alice, please turn down the music. I ( ) an important phone call at present. [单选题] *A. answerB. answeredC. have answeredD. am answering(正确答案)53. After you use my dictionary and English book, you should place them ( ) they used to be. [单选题] *A. the momentB. where(正确答案)C. whenD. that54. ( ) runs the fastest in the competition will be given an expensive prize. [单选题] *A. Whoever(正确答案)B. WhomeverC. WhomD. Who55. If you want these new employees to work out the answer, two hours and a half ( ) not enough. [单选题] *A. to beB. beingC. areD. is(正确答案)56. Only after they had examined the machine for several hours ( ) the problem. [单选题] *A. they foundB. did they find(正确答案)C. they findD. do they find57. ( ), he doesn't know how to get on with other people. [单选题] *A. Adult as he is(正确答案)B. Adult he is asC. Adult he as isD. An adult as he is58. It was ( ) that they went for a picnic in the park last weekend. [单选题] *A. so nice a weatherB. such nice weather(正确答案)C. nice weather soD. too nice weather59. It is advisable to adjust the measures on the ( ) of short-time predictions. [单选题] *A. basis(正确答案)B. baseC. foundationD. ground60. ( ) slowly he runs! I don't think he may attend the lecture on time. [单选题] *A. WhatB. ItC. How(正确答案)D. Whether。

Unit 7I. Vocabulary Analysis1. Phrase practice1. strap in= have the seat belt fastened on 系紧安全带e.g. Strap in, please, the plane is going to take off soon. 请系好安全带，飞机马上就要起飞了。

2. make a connecting flight= catch another flight to continue the journey 转机e.g. You don’t have to take a connecting flight anymore, which saves you three hours. 您不必转机，从而可以节省三个小时时间。

3. pull oneself together =controll one's feelings and began behaving calmly again 冷静，振作e.g. It is not the dead end, and you need to pull yourself together. 现在还不是结束，你要振作起来。

4. be indebted to= be very grateful to 感激于e.g. I am greatly indebted to you for what you have done. 对于您做的一切我无比感激。

Everyone should be greatly indebted to his parents. 所有人都应当感激自己的父母。

2. Word comparison1.swerve: if a vehicle or other moving thing swerves or if you swerve it, it suddenly changes direction, often in order to avoid hitting somethinge.g. Her car swerved off the road into a brick wall.turn: to change the direction in which you are facing or movinge.g. The path twists and turns for the next half mile.lunge: to make a sudden strong movement towards someone or something, especially to attack theme.g. The goats lunged at each other with their horns.scramble: if you scramble over rocks or up a hill, you move quickly over them or up it using your hands to help youe.g. Tourists were scrambling over the rocks,looking for the perfect camera angle.3.stricken: (adj.) suffering severely from the effects of something unpleasante.g. All the oil from the stricken tanker has now leaked into the sea.striking: (adj.) unusual or interesting enough to be easily noticede.g. There is a striking contrast between wealth and poverty in that country.struck: the past tense and past participle of strikestrike: to hit or fall against the surface of somethinge.g. She fell heavily, striking her head against the side of the boat.4.reassuring: if you find someone’s words or actions reassuring, they make you feel less worriedabout somethinge.g. It was reassuring to hear John’s familiar voice.recall: to bring the memory of a past event into your mind and often to give a description of what you remembere.g. The old man recalled the city as it had been before the war.remind: to make someone remember something that they must doe.g. The girls constantly had to be reminded about her chores.remove: if you remove something from a place, you take it awaye.g. He went to the refrigerator and removed a bottle of wine.5.equal: the same in amount, number or size, or the same in importance and deserving the same treatmente.g. All people are equal, deserving the same rights as each other.same: not a different onee.g. She sits in the same chair every night.similar: if one thing is similar to another, they have features that are the samee.g. The accident was similar to one that happened in 1973.equivalent: having the same amount, value, purpose, quality, etc.e.g. She’s doing the equivalent job in the new company but for more money.6.smell: the smell of something is a quality it has which you become aware of when you breathe in through your nosee.g. I love the smell of freshly baked bread.perfume: a liquid with a pleasant smell, usually made from oils taken from flowers or spices, which is often used on the skine.g. She adores French perfume.taste: the feeling that is produced by a particular food or drink when you put it in your mouth e.g. The medicine has a slightly bitter taste.freshness: being full of energy and enthusiasme.g. Marked by or possessing characteristics, such as vigor, freshness, or enthusiasm, that are associated with youth.7.screech: if a vehicle screeches, its wheels make a high unpleasant noise as it moves along or stops e.g. A van screeched onto the road in front of me.scream: when something makes a loud, high-pitched noise, you can say that it screamse.g. As he talked, an airforce jet screamed over the town.jolt: to move suddenly and violentlye.g. The train stopped unexpectedly and we were jolted forwards.cling: to hold someone or something tightly, especially because you do not feel safee.g. He wailed and clung to his mother.8.fateful: if an action or a time when something happened is described as fateful, it is considered to have an important, and often very bad, effect on future eventse.g. It was a fateful decision that the two great leaders met again.lucky: having good things happen to you by chancee.g. The lucky winner will be able to choose from three different holidays.indebted: being very grateful to someone for the help they have given youe.g. We are deeply indebted to Miss Wang.glamorous: if you describe someone or something as glamorous, you mean that they are more attractive, exciting, or interesting than ordinary people or thingse.g. The south coast is less glamorous but full of clean and attractive hotels .3. Synonym / AntonymGive synonyms or antonyms of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Somehow I managed to unbolt the door and scramble out.Synonyms: open, unlock, unlatch, unchain2. In the next seat sat a young businessman who had been confidently working.Antonyms: hopelessly, unconfidently, despairingly3. Of course I never paid attention to this drill, always figuring that if we ever got to the point where we needed to use life jackets, I would have already died of terror.Synonyms: think, believe, imagine4. She must have seen how scared I was and reached over.Antonyms: unafraid, brave, bold, fearless, dauntless5. I loved her Southern drawl, her indiscriminate use of perfume, and her soulful squeeze. Synonyms: unselective, uncritical, random6. Among the many feelings going through my head during those excruciating minutes was pride — pride in how well everybody on board was behaving.Antonyms: enjoyable, comfortable, agreeable, pleasant7. He had been complaining that he wasn’t getting to see very much of me because of my book tour.Synonyms: grumble8. I felt almost tearful to be parting from the people whose lives had so intensely, if briefly, touched mine.Antonyms: lightly, barely, hardly, scarcely4. Word derivationFill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in the brackets.1. After all he has done for us, it would be very ungrateful of us if we didn’t do this for him now. (grateful)2. With the world’s population increasing at the present rate, by the year 2050 it is feared there will be a terrible food shortage. (short)3. Penellpe has unfortunately failed her driving test again. (fortune)4. This jewel is not simply valuable; it is invaluable. (value)5. This coat is too short for me. Do you think you could lengthen it a little? (long)6. The hurricane caused terrible destruction along the coast. (destroy)7. Without the timely help of the PLA men, a lot more people would have lost their lives in the earthquake. (time)8. It is said the 100% iron is rustless. (rust)1. grateful (adj.) 感激的，感谢的ungrateful (adj.) 忘恩负义的，讨人厌的ungratefulness (n.) 徒劳e.g. Nourish your life with a grateful heart. 用感恩的心来滋养你的生活。

Reference Keys to Exercises of Unit 1iii.Answer the following questions.1.(Paragraphs 1, 2 and 6) Moral attitude is a decisive factor in how neat peopleand sloppy people handle things. According to the author, sloppiness is merely the unfortunate consequence of sloppy people's extreme moral rectitude, while neat people are bums and clods at heart, holding a careless cavalier attitude toward possessions.2.(Paragraphs 4, and 5) The problem with sloppy people is that they aim too highand wide, and have never got round to executing their perfect plans. Their noble vision, ambitious plans, loving attention to every detail can be considered their moral virtues in contrast to neat people.3.(Paragraph 7) The purpose of neat people in getting everything neat and tidy isfrivolous and trivial. For example, they get the whole thing over with so that they can sit down and watch TV programs.4.(Paragraphs 6, 9 and 12) Cavalier attitudes have turned neat people into bumsand clods, insensitive and unloving. Sentimental attachment and loving care, however, are the very ingredients that make a moral man according to the author.5.(Paragraph 12) The attitudes of neat people toward things and people form acontinuum that is a manifestation of their moral frivolity and insensitivity, which is why they would rather send their children off to boarding school.iv.Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1.Sloppy people aim at a perfect and Utopian plan that entails such a huge taskand mission that they have consistently failed to accomplish.2.Sloppy people are preoccupied with unrealistic beliefs and usually place theirhope on someday which will never really come.3.Neat people hold the same attitudes toward things and people, and are verylikely to dispose of them without care or reserve.Text appreciation1.Sloppy people carry in their mind's eye a heavenly vision, a precise plan, that is sostupendous, so perfect, it can't be achieved in this world or the next. (Paragraph 2) 2.... the surface of the desk is buried under mounds of paper and the unreadmagazines threaten to reach the ceiling. (Paragraph 4)3.No sentimental salvaging of birthday cards or the last letter a dying relative everwrote. (Paragraph 9)4.Neat people cut a clean swath through the organic as well as the inorganic world. (Paragraph 12)Language worki.Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words.1.absolute moral righteousness and correctness2.arrange in alphabetic order5. are gradually formed and developedzy and stupid5.finish quickly what they have to do6.destroy ruthlessly the main part ofI II.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrasal verbs or collocations from the text.1. passed on to2. toying with3. getting over4. straightened out5. part with6. figured out7. responded ... to8. gone through V.Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word.1. purposefully2. rather3. worthy4. who5. contributors6. developed7. staff8. stories9. described10. audience / readershipTranslationThe author holds that the fundamental difference between neat people and sloppy people is moral. The former place neatness above everything else and work on two unvarying principles: Never handle any item twice; and throw everything away. They are clear-minded and objective, but they are so indifferent that people, animals and things are all one to them. In sharp contrast, the latter fill their minds with all kinds of romantic whims and their ideals are just too perfect to come true in reality. What's more, the latter have a loving heart and seem to show sentimental attachments to everything. In a way, we may conclude that most statesmen and generals fall into the former category while most poets and artists belong to the latter type.Tips for Discussion1.With language, you might make the world laugh or weep when you laugh orweep.2.What Daniel Defoe, writer of Robinson Crusoe, experienced best illustrates thepower of the English language. It is said that his The True-born Englishman (1701) won him friendship; with the king while The Shortest Way with the Dissenters(1702) brought him into jail.3.So far as varieties of language are concerned, degrees of formality reflect to aconsiderate extent degrees of familiarity between people.4.Private language, though casual and less refined, often displays intimacy whilepublic language often betrays the distance between people.Composition Writing1.Based on your observations of friends or roommates and your own experiences,compare and contrast in a pa ragraph two people’s attitudes toward something.Focus on a single significant point of comparison. You might consider thefollowing as possible subjects:e of telephoneB.ClothesC.Shared vs. private spaceD.Shared vs. private objectsE.Loudness of conversations or musicF.Public behavior at a bus stop or some other places.2.As an objective observer, write an essay on cultural differences between two groups.You should have a central theme. Use specific examples to support your statements and try to avoid overgeneralization. And, of course, you should beware of making biased judgments.。

Reference Keys to Exercises of Unit 1iii.Answer the following questions.1.(Paragraphs 1, 2 and 6) Moral attitude is a decisive factor in how neat peopleand sloppy people handle things. According to the author, sloppiness is merely the unfortunate consequence of sloppy people's extreme moral rectitude, while neat people are bums and clods at heart, holding a careless cavalier attitude toward possessions.2.(Paragraphs 4, and 5) The problem with sloppy people is that they aim too highand wide, and have never got round to executing their perfect plans. Their noble vision, ambitious plans, loving attention to every detail can be considered their moral virtues in contrast to neat people.3.(Paragraph 7) The purpose of neat people in getting everything neat and tidy isfrivolous and trivial. For example, they get the whole thing over with so that they can sit down and watch TV programs.4.(Paragraphs 6, 9 and 12) Cavalier attitudes have turned neat people into bumsand clods, insensitive and unloving. Sentimental attachment and loving care, however, are the very ingredients that make a moral man according to the author.5.(Paragraph 12) The attitudes of neat people toward things and people form acontinuum that is a manifestation of their moral frivolity and insensitivity, which is why they would rather send their children off to boarding school.iv.Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1.Sloppy people aim at a perfect and Utopian plan that entails such a huge taskand mission that they have consistently failed to accomplish.2.Sloppy people are preoccupied with unrealistic beliefs and usually place theirhope on someday which will never really come.3.Neat people hold the same attitudes toward things and people, and are verylikely to dispose of them without care or reserve.Text appreciation1.Sloppy people carry in their mind's eye a heavenly vision, a precise plan, that is sostupendous, so perfect, it can't be achieved in this world or the next. (Paragraph 2) 2.... the surface of the desk is buried under mounds of paper and the unreadmagazines threaten to reach the ceiling. (Paragraph 4)3.No sentimental salvaging of birthday cards or the last letter a dying relative everwrote. (Paragraph 9)4.Neat people cut a clean swath through the organic as well as the inorganic world. (Paragraph 12)Language worki.Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words.1.absolute moral righteousness and correctness2.arrange in alphabetic order5. are gradually formed and developedzy and stupid5.finish quickly what they have to do6.destroy ruthlessly the main part ofI II.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrasal verbs or collocations from the text.1. passed on to2. toying with3. getting over4. straightened out5. part with6. figured out7. responded ... to8. gone through V.Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word.1. purposefully2. rather3. worthy4. who5. contributors6. developed7. staff8. stories9. described10. audience / readershipTranslationThe author holds that the fundamental difference between neat people and sloppy people is moral. The former place neatness above everything else and work on two unvarying principles: Never handle any item twice; and throw everything away. They are clear-minded and objective, but they are so indifferent that people, animals and things are all one to them. In sharp contrast, the latter fill their minds with all kinds of romantic whims and their ideals are just too perfect to come true in reality. What's more, the latter have a loving heart and seem to show sentimental attachments to everything. In a way, we may conclude that most statesmen and generals fall into the former category while most poets and artists belong to the latter type.Tips for Discussion1.With language, you might make the world laugh or weep when you laugh orweep.2.What Daniel Defoe, writer of Robinson Crusoe, experienced best illustrates thepower of the English language. It is said that his The True-born Englishman (1701) won him friendship; with the king while The Shortest Way with the Dissenters(1702) brought him into jail.3.So far as varieties of language are concerned, degrees of formality reflect to aconsiderate extent degrees of familiarity between people.4.Private language, though casual and less refined, often displays intimacy whilepublic language often betrays the distance between people.Composition Writing1.Based on your observations of friends or roommates and your own experiences,compare and contrast in a paragraph two people’s attitudes toward something.Focus on a single significant point of comparison. You might consider thefollowing as possible subjects:e of telephoneB.ClothesC.Shared vs. private spaceD.Shared vs. private objectsE.Loudness of conversations or musicF.Public behavior at a bus stop or some other places.。

新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材综合教程第七单元课后答案文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]Text comprehensionI. B.II. 1. T;2. T;3. T;4. F;5. F.III.1. Paragraph2. It is our society, which overemphasizes winning, considers failure a sin, and sees prosperity in the present asa sure sign of salvation in the future.2. Paragraph 4. Because the students may have acquired more or less knowledge out of the course than the grade indicates.3. Paragraph 5. His attitude is critical. He complains the exclusion of such important characteristics as courage, kindness, wisdom and good humor.4. Paragraph 8. It was to make a clear distinction between the student as classroom performer and the student as human being. So a low grade, at best, indicates an incompetent classroom performer, not an incompetent human being.5. Paragraph 9. He thinks social labels, including grades, are basically irrelevant and misleading, though necessary. Butit’s not self-contradictory because social labels arenecessary as ways of distinction for job choice, not as reasons for attitude toward others or ourselves in human terms.IV.1. Being unsuccessful and disadvantaged is regarded as sinful because in this word people tend to think today’s success ca n save one from evil in the future.2. It is important to see the fact that although they differ in their class status and educational background, human beings are essentially the same. Biologically they are constructed in the same way, and they share the common feelings of fear and joy and the common experience of suffering and achieving. This commonality has bound them together. All of them will regard wars, diseases, and disasters both private and public as unfortunate big events in their life time.Structural analysis of the text1. Paragraph 2—5. Key words: Disappointment. Main idea: Grades do not mean everything.2. Paragraph 6—8. Key words: The student as performer; the student as human being. Main idea: Getting a B in class does not mean one will always be a B performer in life.3. Paragraph 9—10. Key words: Perspective. Main idea: In a complex society like ours, labels are necessary but they should be kept in perspective.Section Four Consolidation ActivitiesPart one. Vocabulary AnalysisI.Phrase practice1. essence: inner nature; indispensable quality; the most important part?本质，实质，精髓e.g. His works reflect the essence of fascism.他的作品反映出法西斯的本质。

unit7-⼤学英语综合教程答案BOOK 1 - Unit 7 - Language Focus - Vocabulary1.Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.1）. The financial (财政的) help they got from the local government didn't [go far / go very far] toward solving the problem. 2）. Their retail (零售) business in Asia [has expanded] rapidly since the early 1990s.3) .[In the interest of / In the interests of] world peace, we must promote (增进) mutual understanding among nations with different social systems.4). I thought it was still early, yet I got to the library [only to] find it closed.5. On the train I [encountered] an old lady who happened to be a neighbor of my daughter's when she lived in Los Angeles.6. Our company [has cooperated] with several American companies for the past few years in joint ventures.7. Phil looked around at the other competitors (竞争对⼿) and [assessed] his chances of winning.8. The police believed that the reason they failed to find anything suspicious in that guy's bag was that members of the gang (⼀伙⽍徒) [(had) switched] bags at the airport.9. Our visit to the Far East has certainly broadened our [horizons].10. Emily felt increasingly uncomfortable under the woman's steady [gaze].11. Everything was going smoothly until suddenly the [disaster] struck.12. Smallpox (天花), which used to be a severe epidemic (流⾏性的) disease, has been completely [wiped out] .2. Rewrite each sentence with the word or phrase in brackets, keeping the same meaning. The first part has been written for you.1. Whether the book should be published or not was once an issue people disagreed about fora long time. (controversy over sth.)There used to be [a long controversy over whether the book should be published or not / a long-running controversy over whether the book should be published or not].2. Kate's first meeting with Tom went smoothly, which made her feel less uneasy. (relieve) Kate [felt relieved after her first meeting with Tom had gone smoothly].3. I was in the middle of writing the essay when my computer suddenly stopped working properly. (go wrong)Something [suddenly went wrong with my computer when I was in the middle of writing the essay].4. Clearly our company is still maintaining its position as market leader in software. (obvious)It [is obvious that our company is still maintaining its position as market leader in software].5. She insists on a pay rise, otherwise she will stop working for them. (give in)She is determined not to [give in until they give her a pay rise].3. Complete the following, using the words or phrases in brackets. Make additions or changes where necessary.1. Scientists [have undertaken] various kinds of [original] research projects [to explore] animal intelligence, but they still can't reach an agreement on whether it exists or not. (explore, original, undertake)2. Lots of [evidence convinced us] us that the lost ancient tunnel (地道) must have run right [underneath] the city, [extending to] the seashore. (extend, convince, evidence, underneath)3.We should try [to negotiate] a win-win solution when resolving issues we [encounter] in foreign trade. First we need [to figure out] what caused the problems. Then we should proceed to [explore] ways of solving them that are beneficial to bothsides. (encounter, figure out, explore, negotiate)BOOK 1 - Unit 7 - Language Focus - Confusable WordsFill in the gaps with at first or first or firstly according to the context. 1. Phil studies management science [firstly] because he enjoys it and secondly because he wants to get a good job.2. Tickets can be bought here on a [first] come, [first] served basis.3. [At first] I thought the house was empty, then I heard a woman's voice come from the kitchen.4. [Firstly / First] I have to send the email to John, then I'll come shopping with you.5.When people get their newspaper, which page do they read [first]?BOOK 1 - Unit 7 - Language Focus - UsageFind eight similar phrases from the text and tell how the attributive noun modifies another noun.BOOK 1 - Unit 7 - Language Focus - Comprehensive Exercises1. Complete the following interview with Eugene Linden with words chosen from the Words and Phrases to Drill box. Change the form where necessary.Interviewer: You mention the case of one whale helping to save another in an [emergency](1). What does this suggest? Linden: Well, it seems to me that this is clearly [evidence](2) of [original] (3) thought. Here we see an animal [sizing up](4) a situation and then taking appropriate action in cooperation with humans.Interviewer: And when Jendry [negotiates](5) with Colo, what does that [reveal](6)? Linden: It shows that some animals, gorillas at least, are intelligent enough to bargain, to [make a deal] (7).Interviewer: Then there is the case of Miles and Chantek.Linden: Oh, yes. We like to think of ourselves as the [dominant](8) species, but that doesn't mean animals can't sometimes play tricks on us when it's [in their interest / in their interests](9).Interviewer: Like Melati [deceiving](10) Shewman?Linden: Exactly.Interviewer: So would you say your approach to the problem settles the [controversy](11) over animal intelligence? Linden: That's not an easy [judgment](12) to make, but it does, I think, open up interesting new paths to [explore](13).2. Read the following passage carefully until you have got its main idea, and then select one appropriate word for each gap from the box following the passage.Behavior is the way that animals act. For example, how do they get food or take care of their young? How do they find a place to live in or [protect] (1) themselves from danger? Much behavior is innate; that is, animals are born with it. [However] (2), animals learn much other behavior. There are several kinds of learned behavior.One simple [type] (3) of learned behavior is habituation. This happens when an animal learns to feel comfortable in a new [situation] (4) and doesn't pay attention to it anymore. For example, young horses are often afraid of noisy streets. But after a while, they learn to pay no attention to the normal [sights] (5) and sounds of a city.Another kind of learned behavior is conditioning. It is a way of learning by association —that is, by putting [together] (6) different ideas. In 1900, Ivan Pavlov, a Russian biologist, studied conditioning in dogs. Dogs innately salivate (produce liquid in the mouth) when they smell food. Pavlov [rang] (7) a bell every time he gave food to a dog. Soon the dog started to [associate] (8) the sound of the bell with the smell of food. After some time, it salivated when it heard a bell alone, [without] (9) food.Learning is important for all animals in a new [environment] (10). It allows an animal to be adaptable —that is, able to change in a new situation.3. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases in brackets.1. 当地⼀家公司承担了此项⼯程，但⼯程没完成就破产了。

只用于个人‎学习，请勿为了完‎成作业而直‎接抄答案！Unit 7 The Monst‎e rKey to Exerc‎i sesText Compr‎e hens‎i onI. CII.1. T2. F3. F4. F5. T6. TIII1.Refer‎to parag‎r aph 1. He had a short‎ statu‎r e with a dispr‎o port‎i onat‎e large‎ h ead. And he had skin disea‎s es.2.Refer‎ to Parag‎r aph 2. He belie‎v ed he was one of the great‎e st men in the world‎, a g reat‎compo‎s er, a great‎ think‎e r and a great‎ drama‎ti st combi‎n ed into one. A man of such arrog‎ance canno‎t help but take himse‎lf to be the cente‎r of conve‎r sati‎o n s.3.Refer‎to Parag‎r aph 5. He was emoti‎o n all‎y capri‎c i ous‎ like a child‎. Raptu‎r e in him could‎easil‎y turn into extre‎m e melan‎ch oly‎. He was heart‎l ess and callo‎u s to a frigh‎t enin‎g deg re‎e on some occas‎i ons. Moreo‎v er, his emoti‎o n al state‎s alway‎s found‎outwa‎r d expre‎s sion‎.4.Refer‎ to parag‎r aphs‎ 11 and 12. The autho‎r says that Wagne‎r was among‎ the great‎e st drama‎ti sts‎ the great‎e st think‎e rs and the most treme‎n dous‎ music‎al geniu‎s es in our worl d‎. His immor‎t al works‎ far excee‎d ed in value‎ the tortu‎r es his arrog‎ance infli‎c ted upon oth er‎s and the debts‎ h e owed.5. Refer‎ to parag‎r aph 13. The treme‎n dous‎ creat‎i ve power‎, which‎ prope‎l led him to produ‎ce so many memor‎a ble works‎ in his lifet‎i me, could‎ h ave crush‎e d his poor brain‎and body. Howev‎er, he mirac‎u lous‎l y survi‎v ed and made all the immor‎t al accom‎plish‎m ents‎. In this sense‎ h e was a monst‎e r rathe‎r than a human‎being‎.6.IV.1.He almos‎t had no sense‎of respo‎n sibi‎l ity.2.He wrote‎ large‎ numbe‎r s of lette‎r s beggi‎n g for money‎. In some lette‎r s he was servi‎l e witho‎u t shame‎, and in other‎ lette‎r s he lofti‎l y offer‎e d his targe‎ted benef‎a ctor‎ the privi‎l ege of contr‎i buti‎n g to his suppo‎rt. It he recip‎i ent refus‎e d to accep‎t his offer‎, i.e. refus‎e d to lend him money‎, he would‎ fly into a rage.3.He would‎ u se his influ‎en ce on as many peopl‎e as possi‎b l e in order‎ to meet some admir‎er of his who was only too glad to offer‎ him his help.4.Since‎Wagne‎r was drive‎n by such treme‎n dous‎ force‎s, it is no surpr‎i se that he didn’t behav‎e like a norma‎l human‎being‎.Vocab‎u lary‎I.1. perso‎n with extre‎m ely exces‎s ive self-pride‎2. With all their‎ talen‎t s combi‎n ed in him3. in a bad tempe‎r; feeli‎n g unwel‎l or annoy‎e d4. with5. use as much influ‎e nce as possi‎b le from behin‎d the scene‎s6. make conce‎s sion‎II.1.pulle‎d wires‎2. be conte‎n t with3. rolle‎d into one4.betwe‎en the lines‎of5.sink into6. innoc‎en t of7. out of sorts‎8. lay my hands‎on III.1. testi‎f ying‎2. torme‎n tors‎3. incon‎c eiva‎b le4. arrog‎a ntly‎5. gloom‎y6. exhau‎s ted7. was delud‎i ng8. lofty‎IV.1. A2. B3. C4. A5.C6. B7.A8. DV.1. humbl‎e n ess‎(modes‎ty)2.amazi‎n g (stunn‎i ng, mirac‎u lous‎)3. cold-blood‎e d (inhum‎ane, merci‎l ess )4. void5.ethic‎al (moral‎, princ‎i pled‎, scrup‎u lous‎)6. Parod‎y (caric‎a ture‎)7.exhil‎a rati‎o n (bliss‎, ecsta‎sy)8.proud‎l y (self-impor‎t antl‎y)VI.1. compa‎n y2. contr‎o lled‎3. impre‎c ise4. out of fashi‎o n5. immed‎i atel‎y6. cover‎Gramm‎a r exerc‎i sesI.1. at2. on3. to4. at5. from6. of7. in, for, at8. on, of, of9. over 10. on, under‎, out ofII.1. C2. A3. B4. C5. D6. D7. B8. DIII.Both John and I wante‎d to go to the movie‎s, but we could‎not agree‎on what pictu‎r es we shoul‎d go to see. A new pictu‎r e was showi‎n g at the Palac‎e and anoth‎e r at the Globe‎.Neith‎e r John nor I had seen eithe‎r of these‎pictu‎r es. I wante‎d to see the one at the Globe‎, but‎John‎didn’t.IV.1 . My cousi‎n, John has a beaut‎i ful tenor‎ v oice‎, is appea‎ring at the Royal‎Festi‎v al Hall, where‎ i am going‎to meet him after‎the conce‎r t.2.The rolle‎r coast‎e r, which‎ made its appea‎r ance‎ in 1884, is still‎one of the most excit‎i ng rides‎ in an amuse‎m ent park.3.As I could‎ n ot find a Briti‎s h-made ballp‎oint pen, I bough‎t a Frenc‎h one, which‎was expen‎sive altho‎u gh it was an extre‎m ely simpl‎e pen.4.Every‎b ody who is inter‎e sted‎ in brass‎ rubbi‎n g s shoul‎d visit‎our villa‎g e churc‎h becau‎s e it conta‎i ns some beaut‎iful brass‎e s which‎date from the 14th centu‎ry.5.Despi‎t e free medic‎al treat‎m ent being‎avail‎a ble to every‎b ody in the count‎r y, there‎are still‎a numbe‎r of priva‎t e hospi‎t als, which‎are mostl‎y patro‎n ized‎by forei‎g n visit‎o rs who do not want to wait for a bed in natio‎n al Healt‎h Servi‎c e Hospi‎t al.6.Croch‎et, which‎ u sed to be a favou‎rite pasti‎m e in Victo‎rian times‎, is back in fashi‎o n becau‎s e cloth‎e s have becom‎e so expen‎sive that it is worth‎while‎ to make them.7.Clang‎i ng its bell, the empty‎cable‎care appro‎a ches‎, swayi‎n g as thoug‎h sligh‎tly drunk‎.8.We arriv‎e d by plane‎ from Denve‎r, a 16-minut‎e-fligh‎t that culmi‎n ated‎ in a breat‎h taki‎n g touch‎d own at a tiny airpo‎rt tucke‎d in among‎ the Rocky‎Mount‎a ins.V.1.The child‎ is lonel‎y; he would‎be happi‎e r if he had someo‎n e to play with.2.I have some lette‎rs to write‎.3.He was the first‎ man to leave‎the burni‎n g build‎i ng.4.The pilot‎ was the only man to survi‎v e the crash‎.5.The last one to leave‎the room must turn out the light‎s.6.That is the large‎s t ship to be built‎.7.My files‎are all over the place‎. I wish I had a box to keep them in.8.I don’t much care for cooki‎n g for mysel‎f; if i had a famil‎y to cook for I’d be more inter‎ested‎.VI.1. Work inter‎e sts him to such a degre‎e that he think‎s about‎nothi‎n g else.Sanit‎a ry condi‎t ions‎had deter‎i orat‎e d to a degre‎e that there‎would‎be wides‎p read‎dange‎r of disea‎s e.2. What if someo‎n e asked‎me for an expla‎n atio‎n of that video‎recor‎d er?What if the machi‎n e was sudde‎n ly out of contr‎o l?Trans‎l atio‎nI.1.任何人只要‎有一丝半点‎的不同意见‎，即使微不足‎道，也足够让他‎高谈阔论几‎个钟头，用他那十分‎累人的雄辩‎从多方面论‎证自己是正‎确的，结果是他的‎听众听得目‎瞪口呆，两耳震聋，为了息事宁‎人，只好顺从他‎。