专题阅读

中考语文文学类文本阅读专题训练专项训练100(附答案)一、中考语文试卷文学类文本阅读1．阅读《无声的尊重》，回答1-5题。

无声的尊重冯雪珺①冬日的傍晚，我如往常一样加入候车队伍，等待公交车。

候车者五六人，有序而安静。

此时，一人牵着一狗，从远处走来。

暮色下，那身影被路边的灯光镶上一层金边，尤为醒目。

②渐行渐近，只见年轻男子高大魁梧，腰板挺直。

紧贴着他的德国牧羊犬配有专业的拉杆——这是导盲犬的标准装备。

哦，是一位盲人。

男子徐徐走向车站，在候车队伍的不远处停了下来。

③没有人招呼那盲人男子，候车队伍中为首的中年男子，瞬间收起手中正在阅读的书籍，已然大步走到盲人男子身后，其他候车人也陆续紧随其后，没有一丝骚动。

我身旁一个火红短发的朋克女孩，瞥了一眼导盲犬，想必是怕烟味影响到它的嗅觉，稍作迟疑便掐灭了刚刚点燃的烟，跟了过去。

④一个新的候车队伍，在一人一狗的身后排开。

陌生的人们在无声之中达成的默契，令我惊异。

⑤沉默依旧，直到公交车到来。

“您稍等一下，我这就……”司机刚要离开驾驶座准备搀扶盲人男子上车，被男子礼貌地回绝：“谢谢，不用。

”盲人男子执意在导盲犬的引领下，自行上车。

此时是下班高峰，车上已满是乘客。

然而男子上车后，人们迅速向后集中，在原本狭促的车厢里为他腾出了一小块空间。

⑥司机身后，坐着一位六七岁的小男孩，站在旁边的妈妈猛地拉起他，让出座位。

虽然妈妈举动突然，但男孩没有流露出一丝不悦。

导盲犬抬头看了一眼，便将主人引领到空座上，然后静静地趴在一旁。

这些过程，盲人男子全然不知。

⑦ “您好，您要去哪里？”“您好！我要去莫尔大街。

”“好的，陛下！”司机诙谐的回答惹得车内一阵欢笑，汽车载着欢乐的人们继续前行……⑧车上，人们都在默默地打量着憨态可掬的导盲犬：即使在急转弯的时候，它也摇头晃脑地努力保持直视前方的姿态，神情专注。

乘客中没有人试图靠近去抚摸它，或用手机拍照。

我旁边那位原先让座的小男孩，慢慢举起手中啃了一半的面包，想上前去喂它，被妈妈及时制止并悄声耳语：“它在工作，有自己的职责，不要打扰它。

专题12 名著阅读1.（2022秋·广东中山·七年级校联考期中）下列有关《朝花夕拾》的作品说法不正确．．．的一项是（）A.《从百草园到三味书屋》一文中，用百草园的自由快乐同三味书屋的枯燥无味作对比，表现了儿童热爱大自然、喜欢自由快乐生活的心理，同时对束缚儿童身心发展的封建教育表示不满。

B.《狗·猫·鼠》是针对“正人君子”的攻击引发的，表达了对猫一类暴虐者的憎恶，对隐鼠一类弱小者的同情。

C.《二十四孝图》一文中，鲁迅忆述儿时的阅读经历，赞美了“卧冰求鲤”“郭巨埋儿”等孝道故事。

D.《藤野先生》中写“讲义事件”和“幻灯片事件”，揭露了日本“爱国青年”的丑恶面目，也写出了作者“弃医从文”的原因。

2.（2022秋·广东惠州·七年级校联考期中）下列说法不符合《朝花夕拾》原文内容的一项是（）A.《藤野先生》中藤野先生为人诚恳公正，是一个没有民族偏见的人。

B.《五猖会》写“我”很想去看五猖会，却被父亲要求背书，“我”失望、郁闷。

“我”背书成功，得以去看五猖会，但“我”并没有感到高兴，有的是对父亲深深的埋怨。

C.《从百草园到三味书屋》是一曲谱写幼年往事的优美乐章。

作者以如诗的笔触舒卷自如地为人们描绘了一个妙趣横生的童心世界。

D.《琐记》《藤野先生》《范爱农》三篇作品，记述了作者离开家乡到南京、日本求学和回国后的一段经历。

3.（2022秋·广东惠州·七年级惠州一中校联考期中）下列有关《朝花夕拾》的表述不正确的一项是（）A.《二十四孝图》中“郭巨埋儿”等故事，是对封建社会灭绝人性的所谓“孝道”的批判。

B.《朝花夕拾》写于一九二六年，共十篇。

其中《无常》《五猖会》等七篇，为回忆童年生活。

《琐记》《藤野先生》等三篇，为人生怀念文字。

C.《五猖会》中鲁迅想去看“五猖会”，因父亲的阻止而未去成，却并没有由此产生对父亲的憎恨。

D.《朝花夕拾》中涉及到许多人物，这些人物形象个性鲜明。

专题07 文言文阅读（一）（2022·江苏·中考真题）阅读下面文言文，完成下面小题。

卢象昇，宜兴人。

象昇虽文士，善射，娴将略。

崇祯六年，贼流入畿辅，据西山，象昇击却之。

象昇每临阵，身先士卒，与贼格斗，刃及鞍勿顾，失马即步战。

逐贼危崖，一贼自巅射中象昇额，象昇提刀战益疾。

贼骇走，相戒曰：“卢廉使遇即死，不可犯。

”十年九月，清兵驻于牛兰。

上赐象昇尚方剑，督天下援兵。

象昇麻衣草履，誓师及郊。

当是时，嗣昌、起潜①主和议。

象昇闻之，顿足叹曰：“予受国恩，恨不得死所，有如万分一不幸，宁捐躯断脰②耳。

”决策议战，然事多为嗣昌、起潜挠。

疏请分兵，则议宣、大、山西三帅属象昇，关、宁诸路属起潜。

象昇名督天下兵，实不及二万，次顺义。

象昇将中军，大威帅左，国柱帅右，遂战。

旦日，骑数万环之三匝。

象昇麾兵疾战，呼声动天，自辰迄未，炮尽矢穷。

奋身斗，后骑皆进，手击杀数十人，身中四矢三刃，遂仆。

一军尽覆。

侯弘文者，奇士也。

散家财，募滇军随象昇讨贼。

弘文率募兵至楚，巡抚王梦尹以扰驿闻。

象昇上疏救，不得，弘文卒遣戍。

天下由是惜弘文而多象昇。

（节选自《明史·卢象昇传》，有删改）【注】①嗣昌、起潜：人名，指杨嗣昌、高起潜。

②脰：颈，脖子。

1．下列句中加点字解释有错误的一项是（）A．刃及鞍勿顾（顾念、考虑） B．恨不得死所（遗憾）C．次顺义（编次）D．巡抚王梦尹以扰驿闻（使……听到）2．下列句中的“之”与“象昇击却之”中的“之”用法相同的一项是（）A．下车引之 B．何陋之有C．已而之细柳军 D．益慕圣贤之道3．翻译下列句子。

（1）决策议战，然事多为嗣昌、起潜挠。

（2）天下由是惜弘文而多象昇。

4．文中的卢象昇具有哪些优秀品质？请简要概括。

（二）（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）阅读下面文言文（选段），完成下面小题。

①节度使王忠嗣，少以勇敢自负，及守一方，专以持重①中安边为务，常曰：“太平之将，但当抚循②训练士卒而已，不可疲中国之力以邀功名。

初中语文阅读方法
一、确定方向
1、定向阅读（专题阅读）
这种方式是课本的延伸，是探究的深入，可以培养学生举一反三的迁移能力。

具体做法是：教师结合课本某个单元的学习重点或某个知识点，搜集与此相关的课内外读物，提出阅读要求，让学生带着问题阅读，进行探究创造，最后交流探讨，归纳总结。

2、自由阅读
以各种期刊、杂志、报纸等内容为主，让学生根据自己的兴趣爱好，多角度的、有创意的阅读，充分利用阅读期待、阅读反思、阅读批判等环节，有效拓展思维空间，扩大知识面。

这种阅读方式给学生开放了一个自由的阅读空间，深受学生的欢迎。

3、比较阅读
可以同类比较阅读，可以是异类比较阅读，也可以是反向阅读。

比如学习叶圣陶的《苏州园林》时可以阅读的《苏州园林》，比较其中的写法及写作角度、语言等方面的异同点，以加深学生的印象。

二、进行读法
指导
“语文课本只是个凭借，凭借它历练学生读书的本领”，而“读书重在结果，读法重在过程”。

教师的任务决不只限于教学生去读一篇篇文章，理解一个个主题，而在于指导学生掌握各种适用于不同目的、不同内容的读书方法。

三、分层次阅读
在阅读过程中，教师应把阅读品味的主动权交还给学生，自己只做一个向导，及时地为学生的阅读"导航"。

四、读书报告会
这是学生最有激情参加的环节，也是教师检验学生阅读效果的重要环节。

读书报告会的形式千变万化，丰富多彩，教师可以根据不同的读书内容、读书目的随机应变，灵活把握。

高考语文阅读专题练习附答案高考语文阅读专题练习1：粗枝大叶的我可以把与我年纪相仿佛的好友们分为两类。

第一类是因经济的压迫或别种原因，没有机会充分发展自己的才力。

第二类差不多都是悲剧里的角色。

他们是旧时代的弃儿，新时代的伴郎。

这些人们带着满肚子的委屈，而且还得到处扬着头微笑，好像天下与自己都很太平似的。

何容兄是这样朋友中的一位代表。

他没有一点“新”气，更提不到“洋”气。

他的“古道”使他柔顺像个羊，同时能使他硬如铁。

当他硬的时候，不要说巴结人，就是泛泛的敷衍一下也不肯。

在他柔顺的时候，他的感情完全受着理智的调动：比如说友人的小孩病得要死，他能昼夜的去给守着，而面上老是微笑，希望他的笑能减少友人一点痛苦;及至友人们都睡了，他才独对着垂死的小儿落泪。

反之，对于他以为不是东西的人，他全任感情行事，不管人家多么难堪。

怎样能被他“承认”呢?第一个条件是光明磊落。

所谓光明磊落就是一个人能把旧礼教中那些舍己从人的地方用在一切行动上。

而且用得自然单纯，不为着什么利益与必期的效果。

光明磊落使他不能低三下四的求爱，使他穷，使他的生活没有规律，使他不能多写*——非到极满意不肯寄走，改、改、改，结果*失去自然的风趣。

作什么他都出全力，为是对得起人，而成绩未必好。

可是他愿费力不讨好，不肯希望“歪打正着”。

他不常喝酒，一喝起来他可就认了真，喝酒就是喝酒;醉?活该!在他思索的时候，他是心细如发。

他以为不必思索的事，根本不去思索，譬如喝酒，喝就是了，管它什么。

他的心思忽细忽粗，正如其为人忽柔忽硬。

他并不是疯子，但是这种矛盾的现象，使他“阔”不起来。

对于自己物质的享受，他什么都能将就;对于择业择友，一点也不将就。

他用消极的安贫去平衡他所不屑的积极发展。

无求于人，他可以冷眼静观宇宙了，所以他幽默。

他知道自己矛盾，也看出世事矛盾，他的风凉话是含着这双重的苦味。

是的，他不像别的朋友们那样有种种无法解决的，眼看着越缠越紧而翻不起身的事。

以他来比较他们，似乎他还该算个幸运的。

现代文阅读专题练习及答案现代文阅读专题练习及答案一、高中现代文阅读1．阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。

情志是中国古代诗学范畴的概念，是诗歌的内在本质要素。

史传文学的“志”体如今以一字寓褒贬的春秋笔法中，在叙事中蕴含着事理，抒发史官的政治抱负。

“情”表现为史官在书写历史时“发愤著史”，融入自个儿的心灵感悟，饱含深情。

用诗学范畴的“情志”来研究史传文学，有助于进一步深化对史传艺术本质的认识。

先秦阶段，史官掌管祭祀、占卜、记事、典册等一系列国家大事。

这些人知识渊博、地位崇高，别仅担负记录历史的责任，还要向君王谏言、献策，有时还会陷入政治斗争的旋涡中。

史官个人的荣辱成败与国家兴亡是分别开的，他们同其他臣子一样肩负励精图治的使命。

这也算是史官要在史传中表现“志”的缘故。

史官在记史时抒发意志，因为他们别仅是历史的记录者，依然历史的参与者。

孔子慨叹：“后世知丘者以春秋，而罪丘者亦以春秋。

”（《史记·孔子世家》）假如是秉笔直书，不过客观记录历史，孔子何以想到后世“罪”他？深层缘故依然他在《春秋》中融入了自个儿信奉的价值观念和伦理道德标准。

这种价值观念并别是作者个人狭隘的主观取向，而是认识历史的一种参照系统。

史传在对事件和人物做点评时，往往会追加一具点评的主体。

如此就将历史事件和人物品评区分开来，不可能混为一体，别至于妨碍史实的客观真实性。

对事件的看法借“君子”“仲尼”等之口表达，实质上是借他人之口抒心底所想。

如此的叙事技巧，既保持了历史的客观真实性，凸显了史学家的公正，也在字里行间暗含了作为一具当局者的态度——史官并别是看客，而是切身为国家兴衰存亡忧心忡忡的正义保卫者。

钞票钟书言“史蕴诗心”，史传亦是史官的心灵史。

这一点在司马迁身上体现得尤为明显。

虽然向来秉持据事直书的信念，但在司马迁看来，史传别仅是对历史的整理和记录，也是对现实的态度，是体现价值观的一种途径。

他以诗性叙述，展示了一具个鲜活的人物，展示了历史强大的生命力。

冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（重庆专用）专题03 阅读理解(记叙文) 15篇（2023·重庆渝中·重庆巴蜀中学校考模拟预测）Candy is smart, talented and really nice. As a team leader, she wishes Frank, a member of her politics project, did his part as required. But rather than criticize （批评）him, only to find that Frank kept falling behind. It ended up that other team members, who had to take on more work, while Frank himself complained that he was not treated fairly.How did poor Candy get into this mess? The primary reason was that Candy failed in a key part of leadership—the duty to provide clear feedback（反馈）for team members. This isn’t simply a duty but a correctness.Failing to question or criticize Frank’s work, Candy was in fact unkind. Many people are not a failure, like Frank. They’re just in the wrong place, and still left in the dark. What they really need is feedback from their leaders. However, Candy didn’t bring out a gift in Frank.A leader had better use open, honest, continuous and clear feedback to help solve someone’s best fit in their job or in the organization. This method also avoids surprises. It’s not uncommon to see someone suddenly removed from a team. Maybe it serves them right, they wouldn’t have been caught off-guard （猝不及防）because they would have been receiving open, continuous and clear judgment of their performance.Then why is it so hard for leaders to give good feedback? People always like to be liked, so they avoid anything that may cause unpleasantness. But that kind of feedback usually helps members find the right place for them. If you just only like to be liked, the chance of being respected is really low. However, you have a chance of being liked. Of course, the most difficult part for a nice leader is criticizing someone.Back to Candy’s case. Not telling Frank how he was on the team only made a hard situation worse. But with a different mindset, she could have led her team to success and have been a likeable and critical leader.1．The word “gift” in Paragraph 3 probably means “ ________”.A．present B．ability C．pride D．praise2．According to this article, what is necessary between leaders and team members?A．Being nice to team members is likely to win leaders great respect.B．Criticizing team members results in serious complaints to the leader.C．Open and honest communication is a must for leaders and team members.D．Praise and encouragement from leaders bring out better team performance.3．Based on the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A．Candy should patiently encourage Frank to try his best.B．Candy should gradually kick Frank off her team.C．Candy should politely show Frank the improvement he made.D．Candy should clearly tell Frank her judgment of his performance.4．What is the best title of the passage?A．Become a Good Leader B．Set a Good TeamC．Frank’s problem D．Cindy’s Worry（2023·重庆大渡口·统考二模）①Walking around the city, you will see girls wearing hanfu on the underground or people wearing T-shirt with Chinese characters in the streets. A new trend（潮流）is getting popular in China. It’s guochao or China-Chic. Guochao adds traditional Chinese culture into products, and it shows the rise of China’s native fashion（时尚）.②Guochao got people’s attention in 2018. Before that, the market was controlled by foreign companies. There were few Chinese brands. To win the market share, many Chinese brands followed the footsteps of these western brands. In 2018, Chinese sportswear brand Li Ning made changes to the situation. It introduced its Wu Dao collection to the world. The collection not only looked fashionable, but also included elements of traditional Chinese culture. It quickly caught people’s attention at home and abroad. And it created amazing sales.③Later, many Chinese brands, from food, drinks and clothing to mobile phones and cars, started to add Chinese culture into their products. Even the film and music industries made every effort to create Chinese styles. “We want our products to be the ones that young people would like to share”, they said.④These brands got what they wanted. Young people gradually converted their attention from western culture to guochao. They accepted it with pleasure. What’s more they started to develop interest in traditional Chinese art and literature. Now they wear traditional clothes, practice Chinese calligraphy（书法）and play Chinese musical instruments. Some of them are working together to spread Chinese culture to people around the world.⑤At the same time, people of different ages start to choose products “made in China”. According to a survey, 68% Chinese people prefer Chinese brands. Among them, 62% say they are open to international brands, but local brands remain the first choice.⑥No matter how guochao develops, there is one thing that won’t change—people’s confidence in our country’sdevelopment and culture is growing.5．What can we learn about Chinese brand Li Ning from Paragraph 2?A．It increased the world market share before 2018.B．It always followed the footsteps of foreign brands.C．It started the trend of guochao around the world.D．It spent lots of time creating products with Chinese elements.6．The underlined word “converted” can be replaced by “________”.A．changed B．developed C．started D．improved7．Which is the structure of the passage?A．①-②-③④⑤-⑥B．①-②③-④⑤-⑥C．①-②③④-⑤-⑥D．①-②③④-⑤⑥8．What’s the best title for the passage?A．Guochao, A New Fashion Trend B．Young People’s Special LoveC．The Advantages of Local Brands D．The Development of Chinese Brands（2023·重庆大渡口·统考一模）Philip is a pupil. When he was 12, he decided to give up eating meat because he thought animals also lived on the earth just like humans. ________ They thought he was a boy who was growing. If he didn’t have meat, he wouldn’t grow tall.One day, his mother prepared a delicious meal. She put some beef, rice and carrots in front of him when they were having dinner. “I want you to eat all your food now,” she said. “Don’t leave anything.” Philip only ate the rice and the carrots without touching the beef.“You’re such a silly boy!” said his father angrily. “I’m sorry, Mum and Dad,” said Philip. “I don’t want you to be angry. But I really don’t want to eat meat.” “Then have some fish, dear,” said his mother. “Oh, no! Fish are living creatures (生物) too.” cried Philip.The next morning Philip was very hungry. His father walked to the school with him. He asked the teacher, “Is this what you teach the students to do at school? Philip refuses to eat meat at home. He even doesn’t listen to us.” “I don’t agree with Philip,” said the teacher. “But I think he’s brave to do what he thinks is right. We teach the students to do that.”9．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 1?A．Philip’s friends also had such a habit.B．Philip decided to lose weight.C．He didn’t think it was a good idea.D．Philip’s parents were not happy about that.10．If Philip didn’t eat any meat, he would probably ________ according to his parents..A．stay short B．stay healthy C．become silly D．get hungry easily11．Which is the right order of the following activities?①Philip’s mother prepared a delicious meal.②Philip went to school with his father.③Philip decided to give up eating meat.④Philip’s father talked with his teacher.⑤Philip’s mother advised him to eat some fish.A．③①②④⑤B．③①⑤②④C．①③⑤②④D．①③②④⑤12．What does the writer want to tell us?A．We should be kind to animals.B．We should listen to our parents’ advice in life.C．We should do what we think is right.D．We should do things as our teachers teach us.（2023·重庆南岸·统考模拟预测）①There’s a small house I visit from time to time. It’s not the house that is special, but rather the person who lives inside.②I met Miss C about 45 years ago when she was my sister’s kindergarten teacher. I remember looking into her classroom wishing I was her student. Miss C created a safe place where we could be whatever we wanted to be in that moment. My parents comforted me I could start school when I was 4. Though, when I turned 4 in the spring, I couldn’t understand why I had to wait until September.③Because of Miss C, I’ve always wanted to be a teacher. When I graduated, I couldn’t wait to invite Miss C to my classroom. She arrived one day, and I saw joy on my students’ faces singing the same songs I sang with her as a child. As a new teacher, I was surprised at how she connected with children. For years, Miss C volunteered in my classroom.④Over the years we have shared in each other’s ups and downs.⑤I am here for her now as the time to sell her house is near. I bring up boxes from her basement. We go through every painting a student has given her, every thank-you note a parent has written.⑥I find papers picturing the letters of the alphabet. I find my own name printed in green marker. Suddenly, mymind goes back to Room 3.⑦More than 40 years ago, Miss C sat on a chair while my classmates, and I sat on the carpet（地毯）at her feet. We learned about the letters and their sounds. Now, Miss C sits on her rocking chair, and I find myself still sitting at her feet.⑧Educators know teaching is a profession devoted to the development of the young. The lucky ones get to see what their students have done with their lives. The exceptional ones never leave their students’ hearts.13．The writer is most likely to think of Miss C as her ________.A．student B．mother C．friend D．sister14．From the passage, we know that Miss C ________.①helped the writer to find her dream②helped the writer to become a good teacher③will leave the writer to start a new life④will never leave the writer’s heartA．①②③B．①②④C．①③④D．②③④15．The writer writes the passage to ________.A．show the true meaning of educationB．tell others how much she loves teachingC．introduce her favorite teacher and their storyD．advise her readers to become good teachers16．The structure of the passage may be ________.（①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2…）A．B．C．D．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考模拟预测）When my son, Mark, was in the third grade, he saved all his pocket money for over three months to buy holiday presents for those he loved. The third Saturday in December Mark said that he had made his list and had twenty dollars in his pocket.I drove him to a nearby supermarket. Mark picked up a hand basket and went off on his own while I waited patiently reading a book in the car. It took Mark over 45 minutes to choose his presents. The clerk told him how much he needed to pay as I looked the other way. Mark kept within his budget (预算) and reached into his pocket for his money. It was not there! There was a hole in his pocket, but no money. Mark stood in the middle of the store holding his basket, tears rolling down his cheeks. His whole body was shaking with tears on his face. Then an amazing thing happened. A customer in the store came up to Mark. She knelt down and took him in her arms.“You would do me the greatest favour if you let me replace (补还) your money,”said the woman. “It would be the most wonderful present you could ever give me. I only ask that one day you pass it on. One day, when you are grown-up, I would like you to find someone you can help. When you help this other person, I know you will feel as good about it as I do now.”Mark took the money, dried his tears and ran to the checkout counter as fast as he could. I think we all enjoyed our gifts that year as much as Mark enjoyed giving them to us.I would like to say “thank you” to that very kind woman. I would like to tell her that four years later Mark went house to house collecting blankets and clothes for the homeless people in the Oakland fire — and he thought of her. And I want to promise her that Mark will never forget to keep passing it on.17．What’s the correct order of these events?a. Mark was told how much he needed to pay.b. A hole was found in Mark's pocket.c.I drove Mark to a nearby shop.d. Mark paid the gift with the money.e. A customer came to talk with Mark.A．cabed B．cbaed C．cdade D．dacbe18．Why were his tears rolling down Mark’s cheeks?A．Because he wanted to buy too many things.B．Because he didn’t keep within his budget.C．Because his money was missing.D．Because there was a hole in his pocket.19．According to the passage, we can infer that _________.A．Mark saved money to buy presents for those he loved.B．Mark had no money to give back to the woman.C．Mark was a kind boy who liked to help others.D．Mark didn’t have good experience because of the clerk.20．What’s the best title of the passage?A．A Kind Woman.B．Mark’s Warm FamilyC．Love is for Giving.D．Mark’s Gift.（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考三模）I was playing at the front gate, trying to decide whether to walk down the street to play with Jenny, when I saw a poor man coming up the road.“Hello, little girl,” he said, “Is your mama at home?”I nodded and opened the gate to let him get in the yard. He looked like all the homeless men who came to my home before. His messy hair hung below a shapeless hat, and his old shirt and trousers had been rained on and slept in. He smelled bad.He walked to the door. When my mother appeared, he asked, “Lady, could you spare something to eat?”“I think so. Please sit on the step.”Later, my mother came back and banded him a sandwich made from homemade bread and generous pieces of boiled meat. She also gave him a bottle of milk. “I thank you, lady.” he said.I played at the gate, watching the man wolf down the sandwich and empty the cup. After finishing the food, he stood up and walked back through the gate. “ ▲ “He told me on the way out.Jenny had said all the homeless men told each other who would feed them. “They never come to my house!” she had said proudly and happily.“So why does Mama feed the poor man?” I wondered. I walked inside. “Jenny’s mama says those men are too lazy to work. Why do we feed them?”My mother smiled. “Sweetheart, we don’t know why these men don’t work,” she said, “but they were babies once. And their mamas loved them, just like I love you.” She put her hands on my shoulders and drew me close toher.“For me, I fed them for their mothers, because if you were ever hungry and had nothing to eat, I would want others’ mothers to feed you.”I seemed to find out the answer to my question and understand that.21．After the poor man came to the writer’s home, the mother ________.A．made bread for him B．gave him some waterC．asked him to have a rest D．offered him a sandwich22．The story happened in the order of ________.a. My mother communicated with the poor man.b. I understood my mother after talking to her.c. I played at the gate and watched the poor man having food.d. I opened the gate to let him get in the yard.e. The poor man stood up and walked back through the gate.A．d-c-a-b-e B．a-e-d-c-b C．c-a-e-d-b D．d-a-c-e-b23．Which of the following can be put in the ________?A．They said your mama would feed me.B．I would like to come to play with you again.C．It’s kind of you to let me stay here for one night.D．We will ask Jenny’s mother to feed us, too.24．The underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refers to ________.A．the reason why the mother fed the poor manB．the talk between the mother and the writerC．the question that Jenny didn’t know beforeD．the fact that Jenny’s family wouldn’t let the poor men in（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆南开中学校考二模）Catch the fish and then forget the net. This is one of my Chinese teacher’s favorite Chinese idioms (习语), Deyuwangquan. It comes from Zhuangzi and the meaning of it is that you are used to getting help from others but don’t show your thanks to them.When I studied this idiom in the United States, I read traditional Chinese characters (汉字). The character for“fish” has four dots (点) at the bottom. However, when today’s Chinese students study this idiom, they read simplified (简化的) characters. The character for “fish” only has a line at the bottom. This simplified character is easier to write. However, why are the four dots replaced by a line, rather than something else? And how many of you have thought about this?This simplification of Chinese characters started in the 1950s. The purpose was to improve literacy (文学). Simplified characters are easier for people to read and write.However, they fear that over-simplifying Chinese characters may cause some cultural heritage (遗产) to be lost. The first four dots at the bottom of the character for “fish” come from even older characters. These characters not only mean fish but also look like a fish. There are hundreds of such characters in Chinese. Each of them has a story behind its meaning.Some people have suggested that schools should teach traditional characters. But Chinese is already among the most difficult languages to read and write. To save time, perhaps we should still learn and use simplified characters. However, traditional Chinese characters are valuable and should stay, too. You may take some time to learn about them and the stories behind. In this way, you will help pass down Chinese culture and also have some fun. 25．We can use the idiom “Deyuwangquan” to describe ________.A．Linda, who is warm-hearted and always ready to help othersB．Cindy, who always forgets things and makes everything a messC．John, who is interested in fishing but not very good at itD．Bob, who is successful but not thankful to those who helped him26．________ is the traditional character for “fish” which the writer first read in the US.A．B．C．D．27．From the passage, we can learn ________.A．Chinese is one of the most difficult languages to read and writeB．the simplification of Chinese characters started in the 1960sC．it takes more time to write simplified Chinese charactersD．it’s meaningless to pass down traditional Chinese characters28．The passage mainly tells us something about ________.A．Chinese history B．Chinese idioms C．Chinese characters D．Chinese teachers（2023·重庆江北·校考三模）There were many fantastic boats in South Lake. Each boat was long, thin and colorful, like an arrow. Each team of students wearing life jackets sat in rows of two. Someone steered (掌舵) the boat from the back. A drummer kept time in the front. 20 paddlers (挠手) had long paddles (桨). They held them high above the water. Then their teacher gave a signal (信号). The students began to row. Suddenly, they all moved as one. With strong strokes (划桨), they paddled down the river. At the same time, the drummers tried their best to play the drums as if to say, “Come on!” The paddlers immediately followed with a rhythmic cry: “Dong! Dong! Dong! Dong! Ho! Ho! Ho ho ho.” The dragon groups were flying rapidly in the lake. Gradually, gradually, No. 4 broke out! Put all the boats far behind, and then the line! All the people around the lake were shouting cheerfully.No. 4, the winning team, is called Healthy Dragons. The students are from Hill Middle School. In fact, they are new to dragon boat racing. Some had never been on the water before. But they have learned it very quickly! The dragon boat program teaches them to be healthy. It lets them practice teamwork, too. Li Xin, one of the paddlers, said rowing is a “hard workout.” Still, he is glad he does it. Rowing makes him push himself.Mr. Liu is the Healthy Dragons coach. He loves how it helps the students. Healthy Dragons is about building confidence. The program lets kids try something new and teach them the team spirit. “They were often being silly and joking around. Then they got onto the water. The mood changed. The students became serious. They put all their energy into making their boats go faster.” Said Mr. Liu“It’s just wonderful out here,” Li Xin’s mother said. “If they can do this, just imagine what else they can do.”29．What is the first paragraph mostly about?A．The students were watching a dragon boat racing.B．The students were practicing boating.C．The students were racing dragon boats.D．The students were making a dragon boat.30．Which sentences can be filled in the Plot Curve (情节图) ________?A．Each team of students wearing life jackets sat in rows of two.B．With strong strokes (划桨), they paddled down the river.C．The paddlers immediately followed with a rhythmic cry: “Dong! Dong! Dong! Dong! Ho! Ho! Ho ho ho.”D．Gradually, gradually, No. 4 broke out! Put all the boats far behind, and then the line!31．Which sentence is NOT TRUE about students on the Healthy Dragons?A．They learnt a new sport to keep healthy.B．They raced dragon boats and learned how to be confident.C．They learnt to work together to move together.D．They used to be good at racing dragon boat.32．What did Li Xin’s mother really mean?A．They would get into better colleges.B．They wouldn’t have to do other sports.C．Their future would get worse and worse.D．Their future would get better and better.（2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考三模）When you imagine yourself in your 80s, what do you see?Many people imagine a comfortable life, but friends Sandy and Ellie see things a little differently. “Don’t sit in that chair and waste away, ”Sandy said. “If you don’t use it, you lose it.”Ellie and Sandy are from the same city, but they met each other while traveling in Africa many years ago. Since then, they have been travelling together.Two years ago, the now 81-year-olds started planning an adventure they called “Around the World at 80”. Their goal was to travel to all seven continents (洲), see 9 Wonders of the World, and visit 18 countries in two-and-a-half months. Unluckily, their plans were put on hold because of COVID-19, but in 2023 they finally hit the road with a new motto(座右铭): “81 and still on the run!”So far, they’ve seen the Northern Lights, played with penguins in Antarctica, flown over Qomolangma in an airplane, and enjoyed many other wonderful short journeys. Everywhere they go, they talk with people they meet and make new friends, which is part of the plan. Both of them think the Number One thing is meeting people, and the world is full of the greatest, most exciting.most interesting people.Nothing slows these two ladies down, not even the knee replacements(全膝关节置换术)for both of them. Ellie records their journey with photos and they have a blog. They hope to encourage others to keep moving into their golden years!33．In Para.1, Sandy wants to tell us that ________.A．it’s never too old to learn B．time waits for no manC．practice makes perfect D．a good beginning is half doneA．put away B．put off C．take up D．take off35．What do we know about Ellie and Sandy? ________A．They live in different cities.B．They didn’t have their knees replaced.C．They started to travel around the world at the age of 80.D．They find it the most important to get to know people .36．You can probably read this passage in the part of a magazine ________.A．fashion B．sports C．travel D．health（2023·重庆永川·统考一模）①What is a teacher? Well, a teacher is someone who teaches. They say things, and you remember them. But it was not until I met my music teacher that I realized this definition (定义) was too shallow (肤浅的).②When I first arrived at my music class at school, I didn’t have any knowledge of how to play the flute (长笛) at all. I couldn’t get the basic notes right. It seemed like a dream for me to perform in front of the school. However, my music teacher, Mr. Nevola, encouraged me to work toward my dreams. He did a lot for his students, including me.③He took a lot of time in finding the right flute book for me and spent extra (额外的) time teaching me. WhenI was unable to remember the notes, he taught me the trick: FACE. F means “fa”; A means “la”; C means “do”; E means “mi”. This way I can remember the notes much more quickly.④He also tried to make music class fun. We played games that helped develop our sense of rhythm (节奏感) and shared our favorite pieces on certain days. We talked about the background of music pieces from all over the world and learned about the development of music in the US. Sometimes when we were too tired, instead of forcing us to practice our instruments, Mr. Nevola would talk about relaxing things.⑤Thanks to Mr. Nevola’s fun teaching, I truly fell in love with the flute. After six months, I was able to blow seven notes in one breath. While this might not seem like a huge accomplishment (成就), I am still proud of it and thankful to Mr. Nevola who helped me make it happen. Now I understand the true meaning of a teacher totally. 37．When the writer first arrived at the music class at school, the writer knew ________ about how to play the flute (长笛).A．a lot B．nothing C．a little D．all38．What would Mr. Nevola do when the students were too tired to practice the instruments?A．He would ask them to keep practicing the instruments.B．He would give them up.C．He would be angry with them.D．He would talk about the relaxing things with them. 39．What’s the best title of the passage?A．A good teacher can make learning fun.B．I like to play the flute.C．Mr. Nevola is good at the flute.D．Be successful in music.40．The structure of the passage is ________.A．①/②③/④⑤B．①②③/④/⑤C．①/②③④/⑤D．①②/③/④⑤（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考三模）Wang Zhenyi was born in Anhui, China in 1768. Women were not allowed to have an education then. So Wang had to depend on teaching herself to meet her endless love for the world. Thankfully, her family supported her. Her grandfather shared with her a good collection of books and the basic rules of astronomy (天文学) while her father taught her math.At 16, she began to study something hard in astronomy and math on her own. Because she couldn’t get an education in school, she sometimes would feel upset when she didn’t understand some ideas in the book. She said, “I won’t give up because I love the subject so much.”She continued to study and began to make big progress in the research of the universe (宇宙). Her most famous explanation (解释) included creating a model to explain a lunar eclipse (月食). She used a light, a mirror and a roundtable to symbolize (象征) the sun, the moon and the earth. By moving the objects around, she was able to explain how a lunar eclipse was caused. Wang believed that science should be reached to more than just the well-educated. She spent many years working on the difficult rules and principles (原理) and translated them into a simpler language for readers to better understand them.Unluckily, she died of a disease at 29. Sadly, most of those works have become lost, including six books on math and astronomy. Although she lived in a feudal (封建的) society, ▲ . As a well respected woman scientist and international thinker, she is an inspiration to girls today. In 2004, the International Astronomical Union recognized her bright spirit by naming a crater (陨石坑) on Venus after her.41．According to Paragraph One, Wang’s family is ________.A．humorous B．outgoing C．open-minded D．warm-hearted42．What does Paragraph Three mainly talk about?A．Wang’s special ways of studying the universe.B．Wang’s challenges in studying astronomy.C．Wang’s achievements in math study.D．Wang’s new findings in lunar eclipse.43．Which of the following can be put in the ________?A．Wang received a good education in schoolB．Wang believed everyone could be freeC．Wang liked discussing interesting subjects with othersD．Wang believed a woman could show her talents to the fullest44．The passage is developed in the order of ________.A．person B．time C．space D．importance（2023·重庆长寿·校联考一模）Jin Ruirui, 33, from Yunnan tried to develop the local Yi embroider (彝绣) industry and promote (促进) women’s employment (就业).Jin was among the first group of college students in her village, but instead of working in big cities, she chose to come back to her hometown to set up her own Yi embroidery company (公司). “My mother raised me with the money she made as an embroiderer (刺绣工). I want to carry on her skills and help more embroiderers who are just like my mother—they might not get much education, but they know well about our local culture,” said Jin.。

六年级上册语文专题训练阅读及作文篇一、语文课内外阅读理解1．阅读短文，完成练习。

向日葵春天来了，雪化冰消，山青了，水绿了。

农民伯伯开始播种了。

他们把玉米、大豆、谷子等优良种(zhǒnɡzhònɡ)子种(zhǒnɡzhònɡ)进了责任田，也把乌黑发亮的葵花籽儿，撒进肥沃的泥土里。

一阵春风，一场春雨，玉米出来了，大豆出来了，谷子也出来了。

葵花呢？葵花用它那两片有力的嫩芽举着“人”字形的种子硬壳也出来了。

阵阵春风，场场春雨，向日葵长高了，已经有五六片叶子了。

它像一个欢乐的孩子，无忧无虑地生长着。

夏天到了，在这生长的季节里，向日葵已经告别了自己的幼年，长成了一个“小伙子”了。

你看，它那舒展的叶子多像一把把芭蕉扇啊！头顶上隐隐约约长出了一个花骨朵——小小的绿色的花盆。

它的花盆一天天长大，终于开出了轮子似的花朵。

几十个黄色的花瓣。

花盆中间是密密麻麻的金灿灿的花蕊。

一阵狂风，一场暴雨，向日葵在风雨中摇摆，而它的头却时时刻刻朝着太阳。

早晨，葵花张开笑脸，第一个迎接冉(rán rǎn))冉升起的太阳，中午太阳当空，葵花总是扬起那金色的脸庞(pánɡb ánɡ)。

傍晚，太阳徐徐落山了。

向日葵又面向西方，恋恋不舍地和太阳告别。

啊！多美的葵花呀！金色的阳光照进它们的心里了。

秋天来临，在这收获的季节里，向日葵度过了它朝气蓬勃的青年时代，渐渐成熟了。

习习秋风，丝丝秋雨，向日葵的叶子由绿变黄，花盆外的花瓣也慢慢凋谢了。

但是花喷里那些数不清的花蕊下面却结出了饱满的果实——葵花籽儿。

这时，向日葵谦虚地悄悄地低下了头。

好像在向人们暗示，该收获了。

农民伯伯开始秋收了，他们打下葵花籽儿，选好的交给国家榨油，剩下的留给自己吃，还用葵花的叶、茎做饲料。

向日葵对人们的贡献多大呀！到了冬天，向日葵的一生虽然结束了，但它留下的丰收果实，却给人们带来了欢乐。

由于向日葵时时刻刻接受阳光的哺育，它的果实才格外饱满，格外香。

初中议论文阅读专题训练6篇（一）阅读下面的文章, 完成1～5题。

（10分）阅读,让中国更有力量①阅读力是一个充满张力的概念。

在国际上, 包括中小学生的指标性评价中,阅读能力一直是最为重要的项目之一。

可以说, 阅读力与“智商”“情商”“财商”等概念一样,也是现代人特别需要提升能力。

从更大层次上看,阅读力不仅是一个人阅读能力,也是社会整体的阅读水平,因而关系到国家民族的竞争力。

②阅读力就是精神力。

一个人如果没有一定的阅读能力, 就很难从精神上得到更多智慧的滋养。

可以说, 一个人的精神发育史, 就是他的阅读史。

阅读是一种精神生活, 可以提高人的精神力, 这影响到对生活意义的理解、人生价值的实现。

无论是一个人, 还是一个国家或者一个民族, 阅读都是精神发育和文化传承的基本途径。

③阅读力就是凝聚力。

共读共写, 一起交流, 才能拥有共同的语言和思想, 拥有共同的愿景和价值, 这样的文化共同体, 让一片土地上的人们不会成为生活在同一个屋顶下的陌生人。

所以, 阅读力也是一个国家民族凝聚力的重要源泉, 一个阅读率低下、阅读力不足的民族, 难以在当下世界立足, 也难以引领人类的明天。

④阅读力就是竞争力。

我很喜欢《朗读手册》一书里的一句话:“阅读是消灭无知、贫穷与绝望的终极武器, 我们要在它们消灭我们之前歼灭它们。

”对于个体来说, 阅读是学习的工具, 而学习是成功的途径。

对于国家民族来说, 在知识快速累积、科技突飞猛进的当下, 阅读力意味着对人类智慧经验的搜集、整合和应用, 意味着创新能力的培养。

所以我们发现, 国家越重视阅读教育, 国民的阅读力就越好, 整体素质就越高, 国家的竞争力也就越强。

⑤阅读力就是幸福力。

真正的幸福是心灵的（A）与（B）。

阅读需要专注, 在知识积累之外, 也是一种精神修行。

通过阅读感受书香, 能满足人类的内在需求, 使人获得精神上的陶冶与升华, 拥有更充实、更丰盈的生活, 从而增加幸福感。

书香的涵养, 也能形成一个社会的氛围、一个时代的气质, 让喧嚣的沉静下来, 让浮躁的厚重起来。

中考语文：典型阅读理解10篇专题一（含答案解析）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________第一篇：阅读下面的文章，完成下列小题。

细水长流蓝雪冰儿①父亲说，以前有个算命先生说过，他是个苦命的娃。

也的确，父亲十二岁丧父，不得不辍学到石灰窑工作，一干就是一辈子。

②后来，有人说，老刘命好，三个闺女乖巧孝顺；也有人说，老刘命好，夫妻俩没红过脸，恩爱有加；还有人说，老刘命好，从来不跟人闹意见。

父亲乐呵呵地说，细水长流嘛。

别人不懂父亲这话是什么意思，摸着脑瓜皮说，老刘可真逗，说你命好，你还不乐意咋的？是啊，别人觉得，细水长流和命好放在一起，这是哪跟哪啊？但我最明白，父亲的意思是说，人不要太计较利益得失，水长流，情才会长在。

③初为人妻，继为人母，我也喜欢把“细水长流”挂在嘴上，当然，我收获的也是幸福和快乐。

但是，今年夏天，父亲的“细水长流”刚一出口，就被母亲一句话给噎回去了。

④这个夏天，老天爷太吝啬了，一场痛快淋漓的大雨也不下，弄得棒子苗干渴得黄了叶子，打了蔫。

视地如命的母亲看着很多人家都浇了地，心急如焚。

可是，我们家的地和左右两家的紧挨着，根本修不出渠来。

再说，那两家都到城里去住了，平时见不到人。

⑤当管理水渠的人告诉母亲可以去浇地时，母亲要父亲别去上班。

父亲得令而行，两人不顾炎炎烈日，在棒子地里穿梭，割伤了脸，衣服都湿透了。

最终用三个小时，浇了三家的地。

中午，我赶回娘家，替父母准备好午饭。

母亲向来身体不好，回到家，已经没有了说话的力气，一个劲擦汗；一向强壮的父亲一屁股坐在椅子上，喘着粗气。

我埋怨他们，这么大的岁数了，别把地看得比命还重要，就是旱死了，不就一年没收成吗？母亲一听，跟我急了，庄稼人能眼看着种下的庄稼死在地里啊？我不敢再接话，闷着头把午饭端上桌。

母亲便自言自语，三个小时，差点把命搭进去，不知道那两家知不知情。

父亲说，干了就啥也别说，细水长流。

七年级语文下册课外阅读专题训练题及参考答案一、《父亲挑书》①重一百多斤的书压在六十多岁的父亲的肩上。

②我几次请求父亲放下担子让我挑一气，都被顶了回来。

没办法，我只得借着电筒发出的可怜的光跟在父亲修长的身子后面，背上背着个装有几件衣服的旅行包和一把红色吉它，样子潇洒得要命。

③我很清楚父亲此刻的心情。

中学时我因母亲病逝，被迫从滇东北转到滇东南就读。

6年多来，父亲都是形单影只地过着独身生活，一大把年纪了，仍起早贪黑地劳作，其苦不言而喻。

今年大学毕业，在众亲友的劝说下，我最终放弃了在昆明一报社工作的机会，回到离别多年的家乡。

这一决定出台后，最高兴的当然是父亲了。

“这回有个说知心话的地方了！”父亲逢人便说。

④一路上，父亲重复着那句重复了多年的话：“做人不做浮漂草，要做水上捕鱼人。

”碰上熟人问：“要干什么去？”他就抬高本来就很宏亮的声音：“秀才搬家——尽是书。

帮娃娃挑书到他舅舅家，请他家的客车送到城里去，明天娃娃就要到城里上班去了。

”“这回算得了！”对方回敬了一声。

“嗨！”对话在父亲的这一声里结束。

⑤农村人的“要干什么去”是路上招呼的客套话，今天做的事又是父亲盼了很多年的，于是，在回话时父亲理所当然地欣慰了一番，就好像辛苦几十年就是为了等这几句让人欣慰的话从内心里流出来，以至于每一个字都吐得相当有力，像钉子落到玻璃板上一样，发出的声音乐曲般悠扬。

尤其是那个“嗨”字。

只可惜，父亲的身子摇出来的每一个动作，都使我联想到“蹒跚”这个词，加之脚下不时地打滑，父亲几乎是踉跄而行了。

⑥我没有再要求父亲让我挑一气了。

这个时候，即使再加上100斤，只要是书——能照亮我的人生之路的赋予我智慧的书，父亲也会固执地把它挑在肩上。

我小心地跟在后面。

看着被书的重量挤压成弓形的父亲，眼里溢满了一种闪亮的东西，让我觉得满天都是星星，我也像是借着这满天的星星发出的光前行了。

⑦希望赋予人的力量是何等的巨大啊！⑧从今以后，我想我会更加珍爱这些书——即便不能为父亲做些什么。

【综合训练】训练题一你好啊，海南岛海南岛同大陆隔着一个琼洲海峡，最窄的地方只有18海里。

天气晴朗的时候，从雷州半岛可以看到海南岛。

这个宝岛的总面积有30000多平方公里，仅次于台湾，是祖国的第二大岛。

整个海南岛像一个雪梨，又像一把打开的伞，中间高，四周的高度逐渐降低。

海南岛是个宝岛，是祖国南湾的一颗明珠。

在那里，椰子、槟榔、芒果、木瓜等热带水果到处都是；橡胶、油棕、咖啡、胡椒等热带经济作物，遍布全岛。

在五指山区，在遮天蔽日的原始森林，有各种名贵的药材，还有珍奇的热带、亚热带动物。

在环岛的海洋中，海滩下盛产鱿鱼、飞鱼、龙虾，还有海石花、海盐和海螺，海贝。

在平原区，一年四季可以种植庄稼，水稻一年可收三次。

花木四季常绿，鲜花四季常开……一句话，这是一座美丽的花园，这是一座巨大的万宝库。

海南岛（）是美丽的宝岛，（）一个有光荣革命传统的海岛。

早在1926年，当地的汉族群众和黎族群众，在党组织领导下，组成了琼崖游击队，同国民党军队、日本侵略者进行了坚决斗争，表现了中华民族威武不屈的精神。

海南岛是如花似锦的岛，是物产丰富的岛，是英雄的岛。

我禁不住面对大海高喊你好啊海南岛1、给最末一句加标点。

2、短文是从、景色和物产、三方面介绍海南岛的。

3、短文中省略号表示。

4、第一自然段可分三层，第一层写海南岛，第二层写海南岛，第三层写海南岛。

5、第二自然段是采用的记叙顺序写的。

6、第三自然段在文中起的作用，因此叫段。

7、文中画“”的句子是句；画“——”的句子是句。

8、在括号中填入恰当的关联词语。

9、短文的中心思想是。

训练题二夜里有些冷。

早晨起来，拉开门一看，嗬！下霜了。

对面屋脊上一片雪白，像下了一场小雪似的，院子里也白皑皑地铺上了一层寒霜。

那棵爬满了大半个院子的葡萄，叶子上也布上了一层毛茸茸亮晶晶的霜花儿，使得那叶子骤然厚了许多。

但是，风一吹，这顶着霜花的叶子，可就刷刷拉拉地飘落下来了。

还有，院角里的那棵梧桐，从昨天夜里起，叶子就在刷刷拉拉地向下落，今天早晨落得更多了，院子里遍地都是带霜的黄叶。

中考语文阅读理解专题训练(含答案及解析)月日班级姓名评价一、古诗词阅读XXX东临碣石，以观沧海。

水何澹澹，山岛竦峙。

树木丛生，百草丰茂。

秋风萧瑟，XXX涌起。

日月之行，若出其中。

星汉灿烂，若出其里。

幸甚至哉，歌以咏志。

1、本诗作者是时期（人名）。

2、下列说法不正确的是（）A这是一首写景抒情诗，统领全篇写景的一个字是观。

B写景时，先写岛上的树木、百草等景色，次写海面上的波澜壮阔，最后写天空中日月星辰。

C“树木丛生，百草丰茂。

秋风萧瑟，XXX涌起。

”描写秋风呼啸、XXX拍岸的景象，是作者的想像。

D“日月之行，若出其中。

星汉灿烂，若出其里。

”描绘大海吞吐日月、包容星汉的壮阔景象，表现诗人开阔的胸怀和宏大的抱负。

3、从“水何澹澹”到“洪波涌起”都写了哪些事物？分别从哪两个方面来写的？2、文言文浏览河中石兽沧州南一寺临河干，山门圮于河，二石兽并沉焉。

阅十余岁，僧募金重修，求二石兽于1 -水中，竞不成得，觉得顺流下矣。

棹数小舟，曳铁钯，寻十余里，无迹。

一讲学家设帐寺中，XXX笑日：“尔辈不能究物理。

是非木柿，岂能为暴跌携之去?乃石性坚重，沙性松浮，湮于沙上，渐沉渐深耳。

沿河求之，不亦颠乎?”众服为确论。

一老河兵四闻之，又笑日：“凡河中失石，当求之于上流。

盖石性坚重，沙性松浮，水不能冲石，其反激之力，必于石下迎水处啮沙为坎穴，渐激渐深，至石之半，石必倒掷坎穴中。

如是再啮，石又再转。

转转不已，遂反溯流逆上矣。

求之下流，固颠；求之地中，不更颠乎?”如其言，果得于数里外。

然则天下之事，但知其一，不知其二者多矣，可据理臆断欤?选自XXX《阅微草堂笔记》)4、用现代汉语表述下列语句中重点字的意思。

①二石兽并沉焉并：②尔辈不能究物理物理：5、用现代汉语表述下列语句的意思。

①转转不已，遂反溯流逆上矣。

②然则天下之事，但知其一，不知其二者多矣。

6、为什么‘讲学者’的结论是荒唐的，而‘河老兵’的结论是正确的？请根据文意，用自己的话简要回答。

全国中考语文真题分类汇编：记叙文阅读专题（共24篇）目录1．栅栏两边苹果甜 (2)2．天空没有多余的星星 (4)3．木刻猴子（林文义） (6)4．石崖上的枣树（刘成章） (9)5．雪白（王开岭） (11)6．家徽（余华） (13)7．消失的故乡（谢冕） (15)8．寻找（马德） (17)9．地铁客的风格（毕淑敏） (19)10．微尘远，山花近（秦锦屏） (22)11．老师! 老师！（阎连科） (25)12．继父（张亚凌） (27)13．谢谢你，曾经允许我不爱 (29)14．燃烧的木棉（梁惠娣） (31)15．《汉字书法之美》自序（蒋勋） (33)16．守候一株水仙（朱钟洋） (35)17．那些乡间的事物（贾维秀） (38)18．素颜如雪 (40)19．奇怪的西方记者（邓笛） (42)20．雕花烟斗（冯骥才） (44)21．炸豆（阿慧） (46)22．乡村一树寂寞红（杜忠书） (48)23．老汪栗子（明前茶） (50)24．杏荫井台（杨闻宇） (52)1栅栏两边苹果甜①艾尔和胡安住在普韦布洛村村口两幢并排的房子里，尽管他们的房子十分相似，但艾尔家的庭院里有一棵枝繁叶茂的大苹果树，而胡安家却没有。

在艾尔看来，除了家人和好脾气，胡安拥有的东西很少。

②春天，苹果树蓬蓬勃勃地开出满树的粉色花朵；秋天，苹果树的枝头缀满红艳、甜美的果实。

这时，艾尔每天都会对着苹果树吹嘘一番：“我的苹果树开出的花最美丽，结出的果实最甜美，这使我成为普韦布洛村最棒、最幸福的人！”“那的确是棵很美的苹果树。

”胡安赞同地说，“你也让我们一同欣赏它的美丽，我感觉很开心。

”听到别人也从他的苹果树上获取益处，艾尔的幸福减少了一大半。

他越想越不高兴，为了独享苹果树恩赐的幸福，他悄悄地建造了一道高高的栅栏。

③尽管如此，有一年春天，艾尔还是沮丧地看到，苹果树的一根枝条已悄悄伸进了邻居家的庭院。

艾尔想：“我不能剪掉它，秋天它还会结出很多的苹果呢。

阅读专题阅读回答问题（2022·统考二模）1．The text is about three teachers sharing their embarrassing moments, isn’t it?___________________________________________________________2．Where was Ellie’s chair when she fell on the floor?___________________________________________________________3．What did Peter ask in his reply to Ellie?He asked Ellie ______________________________________________4．When did the incident happen to Jill?The incident happened to Jill when she ___________________________5．How did Jill’s pupils act when the incident happened?___________________________________________________________6．Why do you think the headteacher was not happy about Chris? Think of 2 possible reasons.___________________________________________________________Over a hundred years ago people in London were surprised to see a very unusual boat come sailing up the Thames River. The boat was eighty feet long, flat-bottomed, with big wooden eyes on both sides in the front and was colourfully painted at the back.People came to know that it was a sailing boat from Fuzhou in distant China. The boat had sailed round the Cape of Good Hope, up the western coast of Africa, and finally to England. It had covered fifteen thousand miles…more than half of the distance round the world.Although it was unexpected, the Chinese were warmly welcomed. The boat carried goods (货物) such as silk and tea as well as a number of gifts from the Emperor of China for the Queen ofEngland.People had always mistakenly thought of the Chinese as a people who were not used to the sea. However, from centuries of trading and sailing in dangerous seas, the Chinese had learned how to build good boats and sail them well.The coming of this sailing boat to London proved once again the Chinese could sail to distant countries in the world.7．When did the Chinese sailing boat arrive in London?______________________________________________.8．How long was the boat?______________________________________________.9．How many miles did the boat travel to London?______________________________________________.10．What goods did the boat carry?______________________________________________.11．What did the Chinese learn to do at that time?______________________________________________.12．What did the writer want to prove in the article?______________________________________________.（2022秋·九年级统考期中）根据以下内容回答问题。