专业英语八级模拟试卷120(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 4. PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.听力原文：What is an American? “I can’t make you out,” Henry James has Mrs. Tristram say to the American, “Whether you are very simple or very deep. “This is a dilemma which has often confronted Europeans. Usually they conclude that Americans are childish. But one can not accurately call one society mature, another immature. Each has its own logic. What is it then that makes Americans recognized wherever they go? It is not, we hope, the noisy, boasting, critical, money scattering impression made by one class of tourists. The only thing to be said in their defense is that, released from the social restrains which would make them act very differently at home, they are bent on making most of this freedom. Americans carry with them an appearance which is more a result of attitude than of clothing. This attitude combines a lack of class consciousness, a somewhat jaunty optimism and an inquistiveness which in combination look to the European like naive. Also a liking for facts and figures, an alertness, more muscular and ocular than intellectual, and above all a desire to be friendly. To boil it down to the briefest summary, American characteristics are the product of response to an unusually competitive situation combined with unusual opportunities. Americans are a peculiar people. They work like mad, then give away much of what they cam. They play until they are exhausted, and call this a vacation. They love to think of themselves as tough-minded business men, yet they are pushovers for any hard luck story. They have the biggest of nearly everything, but they like to think of themselves as little people, average men. and they would like to cut every-thing down to their own size.When they meet, they are always telling each other, “Take it easy. “then they rush off like crazy in opposite directions. They play games as if they were fighting a war and our living standards are improving, we may eat out and taste all kinds of delicious foods we like at anytime, but it is considered good manners not to waste food. It is a good idea to bring the unfinished food home with doggie bags. fight wars as if playing a game. They love children, animals gadgets, mother, work, excitement, noise, nature, television shows, comedy, installment buying, fast motion, spectator sports, the underdog, the flag,Christmas ,jazz, shapely women and muscular men, classical recordings, crowds, comics, cigarettes, warm houses in winter and cool ones in summer, thick beefsteaks, coffee, icecream, informal dress, plenty of running water, do-it-yourself, and a working week trimmed to forty hours or less. They crowd their highways with cars while complaining about the traffic, flock to movies and television while gripping about the quality and the commercials, go to church but don’t care much for sermons, and drink too much in the hope of relaxing-only to find themselves stimulated to even bigger dreams. There is, of course, no typical American. But if you added them all together and then divided by 226,000,000 the: would look something like what this chapter has tried to portray.What Is An American? “I can’t make you out, “Herry James has Mrs. Tristram say to the American,”whether you are very simple or very deep. “This is a 【1】______ 【1】______which has confronted Europeans.What is it then that makes Americans【2】______ wherever they go? 【2】______We hope it is not the unpleasant impression made by some tourists.Americans carry an appearauce which is more a result of attitude thanof clothing. This attitude combines a lack of class【3】______ , an optimism 【3】______and an inquisitiveness. Also a liking for facts and figures, an【4】______ 【4】______and above all a desire to be friendly.Americans are a【5】______ people. They work like mad then give away 【5】______what they earn. They play until they are exhausted, and call this a【6】【6】____________They like to think of themselves as average men. They tell each other “Take it easy”, while always rushing off like crazy.They crowd their highways with cars while complaining about the traffic, 【7】______【7】______ to movies while【8】______ about the quality, go to church but 【8】______don’t care much for【9】______, amt drink too much, only stimulated to 【9】______bigger dreams.There is, of course, no【10】______ American. But if you added them【10】______all together and then divided by its total number they would look like whatthis chapter portrays.1．【1】正确答案：dilemma2．【2】正确答案：recognized3．【3】正确答案：consciousness4．【4】正确答案：alertness5．【5】正确答案：peculiar6．【6】正确答案：vacation7．【7】正确答案：flock8．【8】正确答案：gripping9．【9】正确答案：sermons10．【10】正确答案：typicalSECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.听力原文：British man: What is there about this English language of ours that makes it possible for the two of us --having grown up,perhaps,4,000 miles apart--to be able to communicate so easily?American man: Well, we might begin by recognizing that language consists of sounds, words, inflections, and the arrangement of words into phrases and sentences.B: Let’s begin with one of these: the inflectional forms--for example, the noun plurals and verb tenses. Surely, in this aspect, British and American English have not diverged very much, have they?A: No, not at all. Thousands of nouns form their plurals in the regular fashion in the manner of “cat”-- “cats”; ”dog”--” dogs”“church”--”churches”. And this is the same on both sides of the Atlantic. Would you say the same thing for the verbs?B: Yes, I think I would. Here again the regular forms are so overwhelming in number, aren’t they? For most of the verbs, our two forms of language are pretty well identical.A: Well, that depends onwhat you mean by identity. I can think, for example, of instances where our spellings are alike but the pronunciation is different. For example, the past of the verb “eat.”B. Yes, the past tense is spelled in both forms of English “a--t--e”. But I pronounce this as [εt] to rhyme with “get”as do most of us in Britain, and I think that we would tend to regard the American pronunciation as a relatively uneducated one. Isn’t it true that most educated people in the U. S. would rhyme “ate”with”late”regard the British pronunciation as a bit odd?A: More than a bit odd. I would say. Actually to us, [εt] seems countrified, even uneducated. We could supply other examples here, but I think we should go on to the order of words in phrases and sentences. After all, it is through word order, rather than inflectional forms, that so much of our grammatical meaning is conveyed.B: Yes, and I suppose this is one of the reasons why we have so little difficulty in understanding each other. It’s hard to think of any place that you and I would have arranged the principal sentence elements in a different way.A: You are right, of course. For example, the entire English speaking world puts the subject before the verb and the object after it in making a sentence.B: None of these grammatical differences add up to very much, do they? Let’s talk briefly now about pronunciation. Take the difference that is probably best known: the sounding or not sounding of [[r] after vowels in words like “bird” and “hurt”. It’s not just a matter of saying that Americans sound the [r]s and the Britishers don’t. After all, as you know, in Scotland, Lancashire, Ireland, and the whole of the western counties of England really, the [r]s are pronounced more or less as they are with you.A: Yes, and in the States, on the other hand, you will find a rather large area in New England, almost all of the area around New York City, and various parts of the coastal south, where the Americans don’t sound the [r]s. And it’s equally difficult to generalize about the differences in pronunciation of words like “dance”, which I pronounce with the vowel in cap [∧] and you pronounce with the vowel in “father”;[ a: ]. In the United States we vary a good deal; for example, eastern New England has the [a] type of pronunciation.B: As you know, we don’t have [a:] at all widely either. It occurs among educated speakers and in the South and in London, but in the northern counties of England people have a pronunciation similar to yours. So I think we should insist on people not exaggerating the differences between British and American English.11．______ in British and American English have diverged very much according to tike speakers.A．Regular noun plural formsB．Irregular noun plural formsC．Verb tensesD．None of the above items正确答案：D解析：根据谈话内容可知：规则变化、不规则变化的名词复数形式及动词的时态变化在美式英语和英式英语中均无多大差别。
