In some field of inquiry

教育类：第1组：通才VS专才（6，14，96，116）A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college.在进行大学教育以前，国家应该要求所有的学生学习统一的国家课程。

（13，46，70，102，112，140）Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's field of study.大学应该要求每个学生选修自己专业以外的各种学科。

（24，29，52）The best way to teach is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones.教育的最佳方式是赞扬积极的行为，忽视消极的行为。

37Society should identify those children who have special talents and provide training for them at an early age to develop their talents.社会应该甄别那些天资聪颖的孩子，并且年幼的时候就开始提供训练培养它们的才能。

54In order to become well-rounded individuals, all college students should be required to take courses in which they read poetry, novels, mythology, and other types of imaginative literature.为了成为全面发展的个体，应该要求所有的大学生选择可以阅读诗歌、小说、神话等想象力文学的课程。

Unit 61. norms: convention, standard,rule n.规范，基准2. maroon: put a person ashore on a deserted island, strand将……置于孤立无援的、无法脱身的境地3. incomprehensible: impossible to understand, rule4. innocence: naivety5. plonk: set down heavily and carelessly随意放下，砰然放下6. musing: meditate, think deeply n.沉思；冥想7. de prav ity: corruption, wickedness【记】de下，prav坏－向下变坏－堕落；depravity是人性被deprive剥夺的结果<br>【参】depraved[SAT]（adj堕落的；邪恶的）；deprivation（n 剥夺）<br>【类】doldrums:energy＝depravity:virtue 消沉缺乏活力＝堕落缺乏美德"8. ex al ted: elate, inspire (ex出来+sal跳=跳起来=升高)9. impediment: hindrance, obstacle .(im进入+pede→把脚放进去→妨碍)10. reeled: have a sensation of whirling11. staggered: totter, move unsteadily蹒跚12. bulged: stick out, protrude突出13. detested: dislike very much, loathe憎恨，厌恶14. pious: devout, having a dutiful reverence for God虔诚的15. proposition: statement in which an opinion or judgment is expressed论点16. stampede: force sb, into a hasty action狂奔，奔向17. con fer red: give, grant, present授予（–fer带来）18. portent ous: pompously solemn, pretentious自命不凡的【记】源于：portent（n 凶兆；奇事）；又源于portend（v 预示）por＝pro在前面，tend倾向－在前面有倾向－预示19. deficiencies: defect, imperfection, weakness20. bolster: reinforce, strengthen改善，加强21. beam: smile, joyfully22. in scrut able: not to be discovered, incomprehensible谜一样的scrut词源: scrutari(L.), to examine, to search carefully 检查, 细察23. mingle: mix, associate24. ami ability: friendlinessami 词根：爱, 喜欢, 爱好和蔼可亲的25. concede: admit the truth of 承认26. sordid: dirty, ignoble肮脏的，卑鄙的27. ir re ver ent: deficient in respect [ir<in(=not) + re(=again) + ver(=feel awe) 不再有敬畏感的]28. delinquent: guilty of minor crimes29. gre garious: fond of company 合群的greg=flock 群，集合30. re ver ed: respect and admire greatly尊敬，崇敬31. awe: a feeling of respect combined with fear or wonder.1. It is high time you and I came to an understanding about our respective duties.达成你和我早该就我们各自的职责达成谅解了。

毕业后找工作还是继续深造英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1To Work or Study More? That is the QuestionAs I approach the end of my university days, I find myself at a crossroads – do I dive headfirst into the job market and start my career, or do I continue my academic journey and pursue further studies? It's a dilemma that has plagued many a fresh graduate, and one that I've been grappling with for quite some time.On one hand, the allure of financial independence and the chance to put my hard-earned knowledge into practice is undeniably tempting. After years of living the life of a struggling student, subsisting on instant noodles and the occasional care package from home, the prospect of earning a steady paycheck is incredibly appealing. Not to mention the opportunity to finally move out of my shoebox-sized dorm room and into a place of my own.Moreover, the job market, at least in my field, seems to be holding up relatively well. Companies are always on the lookout for fresh talent, eager minds to infuse new energy and ideas intotheir organizations. With my specialized degree and a stellar academic record (or so I'd like to think), I fancy my chances of landing a decent entry-level position at a reputable firm.Yet, the siren song of further education continues to beckon. There's something to be said for the life of a scholar, constantly pushing the boundaries of human knowledge and understanding. The opportunity to delve deeper into my chosen discipline, to explore its intricacies and nuances under the tutelage of renowned experts, is an enticing proposition indeed.Graduate studies would also afford me the chance to hone my research skills, an invaluable asset in today'sknowledge-driven economy. Employers increasingly value individuals who can not only regurgitate facts but also analyze complex data, identify patterns, and formulate novel solutions to intricate problems. A master's degree or even a doctoral program could equip me with the advanced analytical and critical thinking capabilities that set me apart from the pack.Furthermore, staying in academia, at least for a little while longer, would allow me to indulge my intellectual curiosity unfettered by the demands of the corporate world. I could pursue esoteric lines of inquiry, engage in theoretical debates, and immerse myself in the pursuit of knowledge for knowledge'ssake – a luxury that may prove elusive once I'm beholden to the bottom line.Of course, the decision to forgo immediate employment and instead invest in further education is not without its drawbacks. For one, there's the not-so-small matter of cost. Tuition fees, especially for graduate programs at prestigious institutions, can be exorbitant, and the prospect of accruing even more student debt is a daunting one. Unless I'm fortunate enough to secure a coveted scholarship or teaching assistantship, financing my continued studies could prove to be a significant financial burden.Then there's the opportunity cost to consider. While I'm ensconced in the ivory tower, my peers who opted for the workforce will be gaining valuable real-world experience, climbing the corporate ladder, and building their professional networks. By the time I eventually rejoin them, I may find myself at a disadvantage, lacking the practical skills and connections that could hinder my career prospects.And let's not forget the psychological toll of prolonged studenthood. As much as I cherish the life of the mind, the thought of spending yet another few years subsisting on ramen noodles and pulling all-nighters in the library fills me with asense of trepidation. There's something to be said for the routine and stability of a 9-to-5 job, not to mention the promise of a steady paycheck and the occasional weekend off.Ultimately, the decision of whether to work or study more boils down to a careful weighing of priorities and aspirations. If my goal is to maximize my earning potential and embark on a traditional career path as swiftly as possible, then diving headfirst into the job market may be the prudent choice. Conversely, if I'm driven by an insatiable thirst for knowledge and a desire to contribute to the advancement of my field, then further academic pursuits could be the more fulfilling option.Perhaps the ideal solution lies somewhere in the middle – a compromise that allows me to dip my toes into the professional world while keeping one foot firmly planted in academia. Many companies today actively encourage and support their employees' pursuit of advanced degrees, offering tuition reimbursement programs and flexible scheduling to accommodate continued studies. Such an arrangement could provide the best of both worlds, enabling me to gain practical experience while simultaneously deepening my theoretical understanding.As I weigh the pros and cons, I can't help but feel a sense of excitement and trepidation in equal measure. The path I choose will undoubtedly shape the trajectory of my life and career in profound ways. It's a momentous decision, one that requires careful deliberation and a healthy dose of soul-searching.Yet, amid the uncertainty, one thing is clear: whichever route I ultimately opt for, it will be a journey of personal growth, intellectual exploration, and self-discovery. For is that not the true purpose of education – to equip us not just with knowledge and skills, but with the tools to navigate the complexities of life and forge our own paths?As I stand at this crossroads, I take solace in the knowledge that there are no wrong choices, only different adventures awaiting. The road ahead may be long and winding, but it is one I will traverse with open eyes, an open mind, and an open heart, ever receptive to the lessons and experiences that lie in store.For now, the dilemma persists, but I embrace it as a testament to the wealth of opportunities that lie before me. To work or study more? That is the question – and one that I will answer in due time, guided by equal parts reason and passion, pragmatism and wonder.篇2To Work or Study Further? A Tough Decision for Fresh GraduatesAs I approach the end of my university days, I find myself grappling with one of the most significant decisions of my life so far - whether to dive straight into the workforce and start earning a living or to continue my academic journey by pursuing further studies. Both paths have their merits and drawbacks, and the choice is far from straightforward.On one hand, the allure of financial independence and the opportunity to apply the knowledge I've gained over the past few years is undeniably tempting. After years of living on a student budget and relying on my parents' support, the prospect of earning my own money and achieving a sense ofself-sufficiency is incredibly appealing. Furthermore, entering the job market right after graduation would allow me to gain valuable hands-on experience and start building my professional network, which could prove invaluable in the long run.However, the counter-argument for continuing my education is equally compelling. Further studies would not only deepen my understanding of my chosen field but also open upnew avenues for intellectual exploration and personal growth. Pursuing a postgraduate degree or a specialized certification could potentially increase my marketability and earning potential in the future. Additionally, the academic environment fosters critical thinking, research skills, and exposure to diverse perspectives, all of which are invaluable assets in today's rapidly evolving world.As I weigh these options, I cannot help but consider the potential sacrifices associated with each path. If I choose to work immediately, I may have to put my academic aspirations on hold, at least temporarily. On the flip side, pursuing further education would likely mean delaying my financial independence and potentially accumulating more student debt. Moreover, the job market is fiercely competitive, and there is no guarantee that additional qualifications will translate into better job prospects or higher salaries.Another factor that adds complexity to this decision is the ever-changing landscape of the job market and the rapid pace of technological advancements. The skills and knowledge I've acquired during my undergraduate studies may become obsolete in the near future, necessitating continuous learning and professional development. In such a dynamic environment,the choice between work and study may not be as binary as it seems.Perhaps the most pragmatic approach would be to strike a balance between the two paths. Many employers nowadays offer tuition reimbursement programs or flexible schedules that allow employees to pursue part-time studies. This could be an ideal compromise, enabling me to gain practical experience while simultaneously expanding my knowledge and skillset.Ultimately, the decision will likely come down to my personal priorities, financial circumstances, and long-term career aspirations. If my goal is to enter a highly specialized field or pursue a career in academia, further studies may be the more prudent choice. Conversely, if my primary objective is to gain practical experience and begin earning a steady income, entering the workforce immediately may be the better option.Regardless of the path I choose, I am acutely aware that the decision I make today will have far-reaching implications for my future. It is a daunting prospect, but one that I must approach with careful consideration, self-reflection, and a willingness to embrace the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead.As I stand at this crossroads, I am reminded of the wise words of the philosopher Søren Kierkegaard: "Life can only beunderstood backwards, but it must be lived forwards." While I cannot predict the outcome of either choice with certainty, I must make a decision and commit to it wholeheartedly, for it is through action and experience that we truly grow and shape our destinies.In the end, whether I choose to work or study further, I am confident that the skills and knowledge I've acquired during my university years have equipped me with the foundation to navigate the challenges that lie ahead. With determination, adaptability, and a willingness to learn, I am certain that I can carve out a fulfilling and rewarding path for myself, regardless of the initial direction I take.篇3To Work or Study Further After Graduation - That is the QuestionAs I approach the end of my university days, I find myself at a crossroads, faced with a decision that will shape the trajectory of my life. The choice between diving headfirst into the workforce and securing a job or continuing my academic pursuits by embarking on further studies is one that weighs heavily on mymind. Both paths hold their own set of promises and challenges, and it is a decision that requires careful contemplation.On one hand, the prospect of entering the job market and embarking on a professional career is undeniably alluring. The idea of finally putting into practice the knowledge and skills I have acquired over the years is exhilarating. I envision myself contributing to the workforce, applying my expertise toreal-world problems, and gaining invaluable hands-on experience. The potential for financial independence and the ability to support myself and potentially a family is also a significant draw.However, the job market can be a daunting and competitive arena, especially for fresh graduates like myself. The process of job hunting, crafting compelling resumes and cover letters, and navigating the interview process can be overwhelming. There is also the looming uncertainty of whether I will secure a position that aligns with my aspirations and allows me to capitalize on my strengths and passions.Furthermore, the working world often demands long hours, high-pressure environments, and the need to constantly adapt to ever-changing landscapes. While these challenges can be invigorating, they may also lead to burnout and disillusionmentif not managed properly. The fear of becoming stagnant in a role or trapped in a unfulfilling career path is a genuine concern that cannot be overlooked.On the other hand, the path of further education holds its own set of promises and allures. Continuing my studies would allow me to delve deeper into my areas of interest, expand my knowledge base, and potentially specialize in a niche field. The opportunity to conduct research, contribute to the advancement of knowledge, and work alongside esteemed scholars and mentors is a prospect that ignites my intellectual curiosity.Pursuing a higher degree, whether a master's or a doctorate, could open doors to more diverse and rewarding career opportunities. It could position me as an expert in my field, granting me greater credibility and respect within academic and professional circles. Additionally, the structured learning environment and the guidance of experienced professors could provide a nurturing space for personal and intellectual growth.However, the road to higher education is not without its challenges. The financial burden of tuition fees, living expenses, and the potential loss of income during the study period can be daunting. There is also the risk of investing significant time andresources into a field that may not align with my long-term goals or may have limited job prospects upon completion.Moreover, the academic world can be highly competitive, with limited funding opportunities and a scarcity of coveted positions in prestigious institutions or research programs. The pressure to publish groundbreaking research, secure grants, and navigate the complexities of academia can be overwhelming, potentially leading to burnout or disillusionment.As I weigh these considerations, I find myself leaning towards the path of further education, at least for the time being. While the allure of financial independence and immediate career progression is enticing, I cannot shake the feeling that I have more to learn and explore within my field of study. The opportunity to deepen my understanding, contribute to the advancement of knowledge, and work alongside esteemed scholars is an experience that I believe will enrich me both personally and professionally.However, I recognize that this decision is not set in stone, and I must remain open to reevaluating my goals and aspirations as I progress through my academic journey. Perhaps after completing a master's degree, I may feel more inclined to enterthe workforce, armed with specialized knowledge and a clearer vision of my career aspirations.Alternatively, the pursuit of a doctoral degree may ignite a passion for academia and research, leading me down a path of scholarly endeavors and potentially a career in higher education or research institutions.Regardless of the path I ultimately choose, I am committed to approaching this decision with an open mind, a willingness to adapt, and a determination to continually challenge myself and grow. The journey ahead is certain to be filled with obstacles and uncertainties, but it is through these challenges that I will forge my own path and discover my true potential.In the end, the decision between finding a job or continuing further studies is a deeply personal one, shaped by our individual aspirations, circumstances, and priorities. While the path I have chosen may not resonate with everyone, it is a decision that I have made with careful consideration and a firm belief that it will ultimately lead me closer to realizing my goals and fulfilling my potential.。

1.As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans tothink for themselves will surely deteriorate2.To understand the most important characteristics of a society, one must study its majorcities.cational institutions have a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields ofstudy in which they are unlikely to succeed4.Scandals are useful because they focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker orreformer ever could5.Claim: governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support theyneed in order to thriveReason: it is primarily in cities that a nation`s cultural traditions are preserved and generated 6. A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until theyenter college7.Some people believe that government funding of the arts is necessary to insure that the artscan flourish and be available to all people. Others believe that government funding of the arts threatens the integrity of the arts8.Claim: in any field-business, politics, education, government-those in power should stepdown after five yearsReason: the surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership 9.In any field of endeavor, it is impossible to make a significant contribution without first beingstrongly influenced by past achievements within that field10.Nations should pass laws to preserve any remaining wilderness area in their natural state,even if these areas could be developed for economic gain11.People`s behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own makingernments should offer a free university education to any student who has been admittedto a university but who cannot afford the tuition13.Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student`sfield of study14.A nation should require all of its student to study the same national curriculum until theyenter collegecation institutions should actively encourage their students to choose fields of study thatwill prepare them for lucrative careers16.Some people believe that in order to be effective, political leaders must yield to publicopinion and abandon principle for the sake of compromise. Others believe that the most essential quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particular principles and objects17.Formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free18.The well being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authorityernments should focus on solving the immediate problems of today rather than on tryingto solve the anticipated problems of the future20.Some people believe that college students should consider only their own talents andinterests when choosing a field of study. Others believe that college students should base their choice of a field of study on the availability of jobs in that fieldws should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places22.Claim: the best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character ofthe men and women that the society choose as its heroes or its role modelsReason: heroes and role models reveal a society`s highest idealsernments should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development24.The best way to teach is to praise positive actions and ignore negative onesernments should offer college and university education free of charge to all student26.The luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life prevent people from developing intotruly strong and independent individuals27.In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make importantcontributions28.The surest indicator of a great nation is represented not by the achievements of its rulers,artists, or scientists, but by the general welfare of its people29.The best way to teach-whether as an educator, employer, or parent-is to praise positiveactions and ignore negative ones30.Teachers` salaries should be based on their students` academic performance31.Society should make efforts to save endangered species only if the potential extinction ofthose species is the result of human activities32.College students should base their choice of a field of study on the availability of jobs in thatfield33.As we acquire more knowledge, things do not become more comprehensible, but morecomplex and mysterious34.In any situation, progress requires discussion among people who have contrasting points ofviewcational institutions should dissuade student from pursuing field of study in which theyare unlikely to succeedernments should not fund any scientific research whose consequences are unclear37.Society should identify those children who have special talents and provide training for themat an early age to develop their talent38.It is primarily through our identification with social groups that we define ourselves39.College student should be encouraged to pursue subject that interest them rather than thecourses that seem most likely to lead to jobs40.Claim: when planning courses, educators should take into account the interests andsuggestions of their studentsReason: students motivated to learn when they are interest in what they are studying41.The greatness of individuals can be decided only by those who live after them, not by theircontemporaries42.Students should always question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively43.The increasingly rapid pace of life today causes more problems than it solves44.Claim: it is no longer possible for a society to regard any living man or woman as a heroReason: the reputation of anyone who is subjected to media scrutiny will eventually be diminishedpetition for high grades seriously limits the quality of learning at all levels of education46.Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student`sfield of studycators should find out what students want included in the curriculum and then offer it tothemcators should teach facts only after their students have studiesd the ideas, trends, andconcepts that help explain those facts49.Claim: we can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from thosewhose views contradict our ownReason: disagreement can cause stress and inhibit learningernment officials should rely on their own judgment rather than unquestioningly carryout the will of people they serve51.Young people should be encouraged to pursue long-term, realistic goals rather than seekimmediate fame and recognition52.The best way to teach is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones53.If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it are justifiable54.In order to become well-rounded individuals, all college students should be required to takecourses in which they read poetry, novels, mythology, and other types of imaginative literature55.In order for any work of art-for example, a film, a novel, a poem, or a song-to have merit, itone question that we come across the answer to another56.Many important discoveries or creations are accidental: it is usually while seeking the answerto one question that we come across the answer to another57.The main benefit of the study of history is to dispel the illusion that people living now aresignificantly different from people who lived in earlier times58.Learning is primarily a matter of personal discipline; students cannot be motivated by schoolor college alone59.Scientists and other researchers should focus their research on areas that are likely to benefitthe greatest number of people60.Politicians should pursue common ground and reasonable consensus rather than elusiveideals61.People should undertake risky action only after they have carefully considered itsconsequences62.Leaders are created by the demands that are places on them63.There is little justification for society to make extraordinary efforts-especially at a great costin money and jobs-to save endangered animal or plant species64.The human mind will always be superior to machines because machines are only tools ofhuman minds65.Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and to disobey and resistunjust laws66.People who are the most deeply committed to an idea or policy are also the most critical of it67.Some people believe that society should try to save every plant and animal species, despitethe expense to humans in effort, time and financial well-being. Others believe that society need not make extraordinary efforts, especially at a great cost in money and jobs, to save endangered species68.Some people believe that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit. Othersbelieve that formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set themfree69.Some people believe it is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withholdinformation from the public. Others believe that the public has a right to be fully informed 70.Claim: universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside thestudent`s major field of studyReason: acquiring knowledge of various academic disciplines is the best way to become truly educated71.Young people should be encouraged to pursue long-term, realistic goals rather than seekimmediate fame and recognitionernments should not fund any scientific research whose consequences are unclear73.College and universities should require all faculty to spend time working outside theacademic world in professions relevant to courses they teach74.Knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today75.In this age of intensive media coverage, it is no longer possible for a society to regard anyliving man or woman as a hero76.We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from peoplewhose views contradict our own77.The most effective way to understand contemporary culture is to analyze the trends of itsyouth78.People`s attitudes are determined more by their immediate situation or surroundings thanby society as a whole79.Claim: the best test of an argument is its ability to convince someone with an opposingviewpointReason: only by being forced to defend an idea against the doubts and contrasting views of others does one really discover the value of idea80.Nations should suspend government funding for the arts when significant numbers of theircitizens are hungry or unemployed81.All parents should be required to volunteer time to their children`s schools82.Colleges and universities should require their students to spend at least one semesterstudying in a foreign country83.Teachers` salaries should be based on the academic performance of their students84.It is no longer possible for a society to regard any living man or woman as a hero85.Some people believe that in order to thrive, a society must put its own overall success beforethe well-being of its individual citizens. Others believe that the well-being of a society can only be measured by the general welfare of all its people86.Some people believe that government officials must carry out the will of the people theyserve. Others believe that officials should base their decisions on their own judgment87.Claim: any piece of information referred to as a fact should be mistrusted, since it may wellbe proven false in the futureReason: much of the information that people assume is factual actually turns out to be inaccurate88.Claim: nations should suspend government funding for the arts when significant numbers oftheir citizens are hungry or unemployedReason: it is inappropriate-and, perhaps, even cruel-to use public resourcesto fund the artswhen people`s basic needs are not being met89.Claim: many problems of modern society cannot be solves by laws and the legal systemReason: laws cannot change what is in people`s hearts or mindscators should take students` interests into account when planning the content of thecourses they teach91.The primary goal of technological advancement should be to increase people`s efficiency sothat they have more leisure timecators should based their assessment of students` learning not on students` grasp of factsbut on the ability to explain the idea, trends, and concepts that those facts illustrate93.Unfortunately, in contemporary society, creating an appealing image has become moreimportant than the reality or truth behind that image94.The effectiveness of a country`s leaders is best measured by examining the well-being of thacountry`s citizen95.All parents should be required to volunteer time to their children`s schools96.A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until theyenter college97.College and universities should require their students to spend at least one semesterstudying in a foreign countrycational institutions should actively encourage their students to choose fields of study inwhich jobs are plentiful99.People`s behavior is largely determined by force not of their own making100.Colleges and universities should require their students to spend at least one semester studying in a foreign country101.Although innovations such as video, computers, and the internet seem to offer schools improves methods for instructing students, these technologies all too often distract from real learning102.Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student`s field of study103.The best idea arise from a passionate interest in commonplace things104.To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standard105.Claim: imagination is a more valuable asset than experienceReason: people who lack experience are free to imagine what is possible without the constraints of established habits and attitudes106.In most professions and academic fields, imagination is more important than knowledge 107.To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards108.Critical judgment of work in any given field has little value unless it comes from someone who is an expert in that field109.Some people believe that scientific discoveries have given us a much better understanding of the world around us. Others believe that science has revealed to us that the world is infinitely more complex than we ever realized110.Critical judgment of work in any given field has little value unless it comes from someone who is an expert in that field111.In any profession-business, politics, education, government-those in power should step down after five years112.Requiring university students to take a variety of courses outside their major field of study is the best way to ensure that students become truly educated113.Claim: the surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientistReason: the surest indicator of a great nation is actually the welfare of all its people114.Any leader who is quickly and easily influenced by shifts in popular opinion will accomplish littleernment officials should rely on their own judgment rather than unquestioningly carry out the will of the people whom they serve116.A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college117.It is primarily in cities that a nation`s cultural are generated and preserved118.We can learn much more from people whose views we share than from people whose views contradict our own119.When old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes, modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings120.Claim: the surest indicator of a great nation must be the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientistsReason: great achievements by a nation`s rulers, artists, or scientists will ensure a good life for the majority of that nation`s people121.Some people claim that you can tell whether a nation is great by looking at the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists. Other argue that the surest indicator of a great nation is, in fact, the general welfare of all its people122.The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men and women that the society chooses as its heroes or its role models123.The best way for a society to prepare its young people for leadership in government, industry, or other fields is by instilling in them a sense of cooperation, not competition 124.All college and university students would benefit from spending at least one semester studying in a foreign country125.Some people claim that a nation`s government should preserve its wilderness areas in their natural state. Others argue that these areas should be developed for potential economic gain 126.In most professions and academic fields, imagination is more important than knowledge 127.The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but the general well-being of all its people128.Some people argue that successful leaders in government, industry, or other fields must be highly competitive. Other people claim that in order to be successful, a leader must be willing and able to cooperate with others129.College students should base their choice of a field of study on the availability of jobs in that field130.Some people believe that corporations have a responsibility to promote the well-being of the societies and environments in which they operate. Others believe that the onlyresponsibility of corporation, provided they operate within the law, is to make as much as money as possible131.Claim: researchers should not limit their investigations to only those areas in which they expect to discover something that has an immediate, practical applicationReason: it is impossible to predict the outcome of a line of research with any certainty 132.Some people believe that our ever-increasing use of technology significantly reduces our opportunities for human interaction. Other people believe that technology provides us with new and better ways to communicate and connect with one another133.Claim: knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today Reason: the world today is significantly more complex than it was even in the relatively recent past134.Claim: knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today Reason: we are not able to make connections between current events and past events until we have some distance from bothcational institutions should actively encourage their students to choose fields of study that will prepare them for lucrative careerscational institutions should actively encourage their students to choose fields of study in which job are plentifulcational institutions have a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed138.Some people believe that competition for high grades motivates students to excel in the classroom. Others believe that such competition seriously limits the quality of real learning 139.Claim: major policy decisions should always be left to politicians and other government expertReason: politicians and other government experts are more informed and thus have better judgment and perspective than do members of the general public140.Some people believe that universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student`s field of study. Others believe that universities should not force students to take any courses other than those that will help prepare them for jobs in their chosen fields141.It is more harmful to compromise one`s own beliefs than to adhere to them142.Claim: colleges and universities should specify all required course and eliminate elective courses in order to provide clear guidance for studentsReason: college students-like people in general-prefer to follow directions rather than make their own decisions143.No field of study can advance significantly unless it incorporates knowledge and experience from outside that field144.True success can be measured primarily in terms of the goals one sets for oneself145.The general welfare of a nation`s people is a better indication of that nation`s greatness than are the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists146.The best test of an argument is the argument`s ability to convince someone with an opposing viewpoint147.The effectiveness of a country`s leaders is best measured by the examining the well-being of that country`s citizens148.Nations should pass laws to preserve any remaining wilderness areas in their natural state 149.In any field-business, politics, education, government-those in power should be required to step down after five years。

学术英语写作智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下天津外国语大学天津外国语大学第一章测试1.What steps are involved in writing? （）A:PrewritingB:Revising and editingC:Writing the first draftD:Rewriting答案:Prewriting;Revising and editing;Writing the first draft2.The objectives of the course include （）A:To improve students’ thinking ability via choosing a topic, sourcinginformation, writing different parts of a project paper including introduction, literature review, methods, findings, discussions and conclusionB:To improve students’ writing and reading proficiency in EnglishC:To improve students’ capability of carrying out research by going through the process of writing a project paperD:To improve students’ cultural competence through learning western ways of thinking in English writing答案:To improve students’ thinking ability via choosing a topic,sourcing information, writing different parts of a project paperincluding introduction, literature review, methods, findings,discussions and conclusion;To im prove students’ writing and reading proficiency in English;To improve students’ capability of carrying out research by goingthrough the process of writing a project paper;To improve students’ cultural competence through learning westernways of thinking in English writing3.In freewriting, the writer needs to make everything perfect.（）A:错 B:对答案:错4.The relationship between reading and writing can be described as（）A:When you start learning writing, you will read differently.B:Reading is the input, while writing is the output of language.C:When you start learning writing, you will improve the awareness ofaccumulating language, information and idea for various topics, which will consequently change the way you read.D:Reading and writing are reciprocal activities; the outcome of a readingactivity can serve as input for writing, and writing can lead a student tofurther reading resources.答案:When you start learning writing, you will read differently.;Reading is the input, while writing is the output of language.;When you start learning writing, you will improve the awareness ofaccumulating language, information and idea for various topics, which will consequently change the way you read.;Reading and writing are reciprocal activities; the outcome of a reading activity can serve as input for writing, and writing can lead a student to further reading resources.5.The functions of writing include （）A:The discipline of writing will strengthen your skills as a reader and listener B:Writing will make you a strong thinker and writing allows you to organize your thoughts in clear and logical waysC:Writing encourages you to seek worthwhile questionsD:Writing helps you refine and enrich your ideas based on feedback fromreaders答案:The discipline of writing will strengthen your skills as a readerand listener;Writing will make you a strong thinker and writing allows you toorganize your thoughts in clear and logical ways;Writing encourages you to seek worthwhile questions;Writing helps you refine and enrich your ideas based on feedback fromreaders第二章测试1. A thesis statement should be one single sentence, including only one idea. ( ）A:对 B:错答案:对2.An essay should include at least three specific details to be well-developed. ( ）A:对 B:错答案:错3.The topic sentence for each body paragraph should be fairly specific becauseeach body paragraph deals with only one of the many things stated in thethesis statement. ( ）A:错 B:对答案:对4.Living with my ex-roommate was unbearable. First, she thought everythingshe owned was the best. Secondly, she possessed numerators filthy habits.Finally, she constantly exhibited immature behavior.Read this paragraph and decide which statement is NOT TRUE? （）。

UNIT 2 Economist1.Every field of study has its own language and its own way of thinking. Mathematicians talk about axioms, integrals, and vector spaces. Psychologists talk about ego, id, and cognitive dissonance. Lawyers talk about venue, torts, and promissory estoppel.每个研究领域都有它自己的语言和思考方式。

数学家谈论定理、积分以及向量空间。

心理学家谈论自我、本能、以及认知的不一致性。

律师谈论犯罪地点、侵权行为以及约定的禁止翻供。

2.Economics is no different. Supply, demand, elasticity, comparative advantage, consumer surplus, deadweight loss—these terms are part of the economist’s language. In the coming chapters, you will encounter many new terms and some familiar words that economists use in specialized ways. At first, this new language may seem needlessly arcane. But, as you will see, its value lies in its ability to provide you a new and useful way of thinking about the world in which you live.经济学家也一样。

咨询的英语和句子1. “咨询”的英语是“consult”或者“inquire”。

就像你想去旅游，对一个当地很有经验的人说，“I want to consult you about the best places to visit here.”（我想向你咨询这里最好玩的地方。

）2. “咨询”还可以说“ask for advice”呢。

嘿，你看啊，假如你在工作上遇到难题，就像在迷宫里找不到出口一样，你就会对你的前辈说，“I need to ask for advice from you. I'm real ly lost in this project.”（我需要向你咨询建议，我在这个项目里真的很迷茫。

）3. “enquiry”这个词也表示“咨询”哦。

想象你要买车，走进4S 店，你可能会说，“I have an enquiry about the latest car models.”（我想咨询下最新的汽车型号。

）4. “Seek information”也有“咨询”的意思哟。

好比你要做一道超级复杂的菜，你可能就会对你的厨师朋友说，“I need to seek information from you. How do you make that amazing dish?”（我需要向你咨询，你是怎么做那道超棒的菜的？）5. “咨询”在英语里还有“refer to”这个表达。

打个比方，你在写论文，遇到不懂的专业知识，你会对你的教授说，“I have to refer to you. I'm confused about this academic concept.”（我得向您咨询，我对这个学术概念很困惑。

）6. “query”这个单词可别忘了，它也是“咨询”的意思。

比如说，你在网购的时候，对商品有疑问，你就会对客服说，“I have a query about this product. Is it genuine?”（我对这个产品有个咨询，它是正品吗？）7. “咨询”有时候可以用“probe into”来表示。

gre考试写作部分是我们国人的一个薄弱环节，改革后的新gre考试题目要求更加具体，考察考生完成题目过程中是否融合批判性思维，以下是小编为大家搜索综合整理有关新gre作文题库，issue的提问规律，希望能给大家在新gre作文题库写作方面带来帮助。

摘要：通过对改革后的立论文分析不难发现，在这149道题目中一共有六种提问方式。

让我们归纳总结一下他们的规律。

注：由于关于claim的问题方式有两次，笔者统一归纳总结成为一种方式，故图中展示的只有五种。

仔细关注下statement, recommendation, claim这三个单词，他们在某些方面具有程度递进的关系。

1. Statement: the expression in spoken or written words of something such as a fact, intention, or policy, or an instance of this.意为陈述某一事实，意图，政策。

重点在于陈述。

2. Recommendation: a suggestion as to what is a good or sensible thing to do or use in the circumstances意为合理的建议(比陈述事实更近了一步)3. Claim: maintain something is true: to say, without proof or evidence, that something is true 意为声明，即便在没有证据的情况下仍然坚持声称某事为真实的从以上的分析中不难看出这三种问法在操作形式上具有程度类比，其中第三种的程度语气更强。

让我们仔细分析一下例子1. Statement (以下是事实陈述的例子)i. The luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life prevent people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals.ii. In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important contributions.iii. As we acquire more knowledge, things do not become more comprehensible, but more complex and mysterious.iv. It is primarily through our identification with social groups that we define ourselves.v. The greatness of individuals can be decided only by those who live after them, not by their contemporaries.vi. In order for any work of art-for example, a film, a novel, a poem, or a song-to have merit, it must be understandable to most people.获得更多gre考试咨询点击进入>>>>天道免费咨询顾问或联系QQ客服：8000045002. Recommendation(以下是建议的例子)i. Scientists and other researchers should focus their research on areas that are likely to benefit the greatest number of people.ii. Nations should suspend government funding for the arts when significant numbers of their citizens are hungry or unemployed.iii. All parents should be required to volunteer time to their children's schools.iv. Colleges and universities should require their students to spend at least one semester studying in a foreign country.v. Educators should base their assessment of students' learning not on students' grasp of facts but on the ability to explain the ideas, trends, and concepts that those facts illustrate.vi. College students should base their choice of a field of study on the availability of jobs in that field.3. Claim(以下是因果声明类的例子)i. Claim: Researchers should not limit their investigations to only those areas in which they expect to discover something that has an immediate, practical application.;;; Reason: It is impossible to predict the outcome of a line of research with any certainty.ii. Claim: Researchers should not limit their investigations to only those areas in which they expect to discover something that has an immediate, practical application.;;; Reason: It is impossible to predict the outcome of a line of research with any certainty.iii. Claim: Knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today.;;;Reason: We are not able to make connections between current events and past events until we have some distance from both.iv. Claim: Major policy decisions should always be left to politicians and other government experts.;;;Reason: Politicians and other government experts are more informed and thus have better judgment and perspective than do members of the general public.v. Claim: Colleges and universities should specify all required courses and eliminate elective courses in order to provide clear guidance for students.;;;Reason: College students-like people ingeneral-prefer to follow directions rather than make their own decisions.vi. Scandals are useful because they focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could.除了个别试题中在提问用词中有混淆以外，绝大部分的提问符合此规律。

2022年GRE考试写作专题解析及作文提纲(4)新东方金牌直冲高分！2022年GRE考试全程课程火热开售中>> GRE写作题库之GRE作文题目：87"In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important discoveries."GRE写作精讲之提纲解析：87 beginner会有一些发觉优势，但专家的发觉更有价值1、承认beginner因curiosity 和courage，简单比保守专家发觉问题,innovate, critical thinkingWatson and Crick, the discoverers of DNA structure, are the beginners in biology.Einstein published four most famous papers in his twenties. And once he said,” when I first touch thetheory of classic mechanic, I feel that there are some problems in it." It is his ability of critical thinkingand not to agree the authority blindly, that finally results that he put forward to the famous theory ofrelativity and lead the people to explore the world of microcosmic and high-speed.2、beginner要有更多积累，系统学习The institute of mathematics in Chinese Academy of Science receives hundreds of letters fromamateurs every year, each of them claims that he has proved Goldbach's conjecture. But themathematicians find that most of these demonstrations lack the elementary knowledge of the numbertheory, and none of so-called demonstrations can be verified.Newton once said :"If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.", and these"shoulders of giants" are knowledge, methods, experience that had been passed down from ourantecessor, and these are the foundations of making a discovery.3、专家ready to make significant discoveriesDarwin, for instance, devoted himself in biology since he was a child, and after long timeinvestigation and researching, he found that all species were evolved by natural selection from simpleand preliminary conditions, and wrote his famous book "The Origin of Species".Another, Einstein, who found the special and general relativity, the theory that revolutionizedmodern thought on the nature of space and time, based on decades of working in physics. Even in artworld, the discoveries are still made upon long time studying. A case in point is Monet, a famouspainter known as the founder of impressionism, spent most of hislife examining the effect of changinglight and atmosphere on a subject.ISSUE87在讨论领域中，新手比老手更简单获得发觉、成就1 讨论领域中，创新和开放的思维是特别重要的品质。

商务英语信函国内外研究现状**Abstract**This article delves into the current research status of business English correspondence both domestically and internationally. It highlights the varying approaches, methodologies, and cultural nuances that influence the language and tone employed in such correspondences. By comparing and contrasting these differences, the article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the evolving nature of business English correspondence and its importance in global communication.**I. Introduction**In the era of globalization, business English correspondence has emerged as a crucial aspect of cross-cultural communication. It serves as a bridge between organizations, facilitating the exchange of ideas, information, and agreements. Given its significance, the study of business English correspondence has attracted widespread attention from scholars and practitioners alike. This article explores the current research trends andperspectives in this field, focusing on both domestic and international perspectives.**II. Domestic Research Status**In China, the study of business English correspondence has been gaining momentum in recent years. Researchers have focused on analyzing the linguistic features, cultural implications, and practical applications of such correspondences. The emphasis is placed on the appropriateness, politeness, and clarity of language used, reflecting the importance of maintaining professionalism and etiquette in business communications.Moreover, there has been a growing interest in exploring the role of technology in shaping the format and content of business English correspondences. The advent of electronic communication tools like email and instant messaging has transformed the way businesses communicate, necessitating the adaptation of language and style to suit these new mediums.**III. International Research Status**Internationally, the study of business English correspondence is more diversified and interdisciplinary. Researchers draw from a wide range of fields, including linguistics, business communication, and cultural studies, to examine the nuances of business correspondences across different cultures and contexts.A key focus of international research is on the influence of cultural factors on the language and tone of business correspondences. Different cultures have distinct communication norms and expectations, which affect the way businesses communicate with each other. For instance, some cultures may prefer a more direct and concise style, while others may value a more indirect and polite approach. Understanding these cultural differences is crucial for effective cross-cultural business communication.**IV. Comparative Analysis**Comparing the domestic and international research statuses, it becomes evident that there are bothsimilarities and differences. Both approaches emphasize the importance of linguistic accuracy, clarity, and appropriateness in business English correspondences.However, the international perspective tends to be more diverse and interdisciplinary, drawing from a wider range of theoretical frameworks and methodologies.Moreover, the international research community places a stronger emphasis on the cultural dimensions of business communication. This reflects the increasing globalization of business and the need for organizations to adapt their communication strategies to suit different cultural contexts.**V. Challenges and Future Directions**Despite the progress made in the study of business English correspondence, several challenges remain. One major challenge is the rapidly evolving nature of business communication, which necessitates constant updating and refinement of research findings. Additionally, the increasing use of technology in business communication poses new challenges in terms of language adaptation and style.Future research in this field should focus on addressing these challenges and exploring new areas of inquiry. For instance, there is a need for more in-depthstudies on the impact of technology on business English correspondences, particularly in terms of language use and communication effectiveness. Moreover, there is scope for exploring the intersection of business English with other fields, such as marketing, human resources, and international relations, to provide a more comprehensive understanding of its role in modern business practices.**VI. Conclusion**In conclusion, the study of business English correspondence has undergone significant advancements both domestically and internationally. However, given the dynamic nature of business communication and the evolving technological landscape, there is a need for continued research and exploration in this field. By bridging the gap between cultural differences and understanding the nuances of business English correspondences, researchers can contribute to the development of more effective andefficient cross-cultural business communication strategies. **商务英语信函国内外研究现状****摘要**本文深入探讨了商务英语信函在国内外的研究现状，着重强调了不同方法、理论框架以及文化细微差别对信函语言和语气的影响。