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Unit5语法-精讲破非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动词-ing形式（现在分词和动名词）和过去分词，不同时态、语态下的非谓语动词的形式如下（以do为例）一、非谓语动词作主语1.非谓语动词作主语的基本用法观察To say is one thing, to do is another.Living in the city brings him lots of job chances.归纳（1）非谓语动词中能作主语的是动词不定式和动词-ing形式（此处指动名词），①不能作主语；（2）动词不定式作主语多表示具体的、一次性的或尚未发生的动作，动名词作主语常表示经常性、习惯性的动作，两者的谓语动词通常都用②形式。
2. it代替非谓语动词作形式主语观察It took him half a year to recover from the sadness of breaking up with his girlfriend.It is no use quarrelling about it with me.归纳当较长的不定式短语和动名词短语作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，常用③作形式主语，将动词不定式短语和动名词短语后置。
二、非谓语动词作宾语1.动词不定式和动词-ing形式（动名词）作宾语观察He managed to avoid an accident yesterday morning.People who are overweight may have difficulty in breathing，walking or sitting.归纳（1）动词不定式可作及物动词的宾语，常接不定式作宾语的动词有:同意提供有计划（④、⑤、⑥）要求答应想帮忙（demand、promise、want、help）准备决定要拒绝（⑦、⑧、⑨）期望选择有希望（expect、choose，hope、wish）不能负担莫假装（⑩、⑪ 、⑫ ）打算设法决心坚（intend、manage determine）（2）动词-ing形式（动名词）可作及物动词或介词的宾语，常接动名词作宾语的动词（短语）有：考虑建议盼原谅（consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse/pardon）承认推迟和想象（⑬ 、delay/put off fancy）避免错过继续练（⑭ 、miss，keep/keep on、⑮ ）否认完成就欣赏（deny、⑯ 、⑰ ）禁止想象才冒险（forbid、⑱ 、risk）不禁介意准逃亡（can’t help、⑲ 、allow/permit、⑳ ）（3）接动词-ing形式（动名词）作宾语的结构有：have difficulty/trouble in doing sth.做某事有困难；spend some time，/money in doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事；be busy in doing sth.忙于做某事。
人教版高中英语必修第三册Unit 5重点句式和语法讲解UNIT 5 THE V ALUE OF MONEY1.It was the first time Chen Liyan’s story was reported.这是第一次报道陈丽燕的故事。
【句式剖析】It is the first time that sb...是固定句式,意为“这是某人第一次做某事”,在此句型中,that 可省略,it可换成this或that,first可换成second,third等,以表达不同的意义。
That is the second time that I have been invited to such conferences.那是我第二次被邀请参加这样的会议。
【温馨提示】在It is the first time that...引导的句子中,如果主句用一般现在时,从句通常用现在完成时;若主句用一般过去时,从句通常用过去完成时。
It was the first time in Olympic history that five mascots had been chosen.这是奥林匹克历史上第一次选出了五个吉祥物。
2.About a month ago,I was sailing,and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.大约一个月前,我在航行,夜幕降临时,我发现自己被大风吹到了海上。
【句式剖析】该句是find sth done结构,carried out是过去分词短语,作宾语myself的补足语。
动词carry与myself在逻辑上是动宾关系。
He found his house broken into and many of the things stolen.他发现房子被闯入,许多东西被盗了。
【句式拓展】可构成此种短语的动词还有:see sthdone看到某事被做hear sthdone听到某事被做watchsthdone看到某事被做notice sthdone注意到某事被做have sthdone让人做某事3.Yes,I was about to go get the letter.是的,我正想去拿信。
高中英语必修一Unit 5定语从句精讲【课本例句】1.(教材P62)There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the mainfactors has been the Chinese writing system.2.(教材P62)Emperor Qinshihuang united the sevenmajor states into one unified country where Chinesewriting system began to develop in one direction.3.(教材P64)I told my mum that I wanted to give up,and that I would never live ina country whereGerman was spoken.4.(教材P64)I finally understood the reason why my mum had encouraged me not to give up.5.(教材P68)Then I saw an advertisement that offereda wonderful summer course, and that was the day whenI decided to take on a new language.6.Thetime when I first met Nelson Mandela was avery difficult period of my life.【发现规律】1.所有画线部分都是关系副词引导的定语从句。
2.关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语(第5、6句)。
3.关系副词where在定语从句中作地点状语(第2、3句)。
4.关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语(第1、4句)。
高中英语语法系统讲解之五动词和动词短语动词一. 动词的分类方法1. 根据词汇意义可将动词分为以下两类：○1状态动词：be，love，think，stay，remain，stand，sit，lie等○2动作动词：work，stay，sleep，arrive，finish，lend，open等温馨提示：动作动词又可分为延续性动词（动作可以持续一段时间）与非延续性动词（表示短暂的动作，不能持续）。
2. 根据动词的语法功能，动词的分类情况如下：温馨提示：其中行为动词可根据其后是否带宾语，将其分成及物动词与不及物动词两类。
有时同一动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。
二. 动词的语法功能及基本用法动词在句中起两种作用，即：作谓语和非谓语。
动词作谓语，必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致，具有表示时态、语态、语气等方面的语法特征。
She sings very well. She wants to learn English well.Seeing is believing. We’re thinking of making a new plan for the next term.三. 连系动词的用法1. 状态系动词只有be一词。
如He is a teacher.2. 持续系动词继续保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep，rest，remain，stay，lie，stand。
如He always kept silent at meeting. This matter rests a mystery.3. 表像系动词“看起来像”，主要有seem，appear，look。
如He looks very tired. He seems (to be) very sad.4. 感官系动词feel，smell，sound，taste。
如This kind of cloth feels very soft. This flower smells very sweet.5. 变化系动词become，grow，turn，fall，get，go，come，run。
高中英语语法精讲第五章动词不定式动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,在句中不能单独作谓语。
动词不定式具有动词的性质,它可以有自己的宾语和状语,从而构成动词不定式短语。
它还可以有形式的变化,即一般式、进行式、完成式和被动式。
同时,动词不定式也具有非动词的性质,相当于一个名词、形容词或副词,可以在句中担任主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。
一、动词不定式的特征和种类动词不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。
A．不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。
He appears to be very happy.他看起来好像很高兴。
（同时发生）To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi.为了赶上火车,我们最好赶紧乘出租车去车站。
（to catch the train发生在hurry to the station之后）B．不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。
It happened to be raining when I got there.我到达那里的时候,天碰巧在下雨。
I'm glad to be traveling with you.我很高兴和你一起旅游。
C．不定式的完成式不定式的完成式表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生。
I'm sorry to have lost your key.我很抱歉把你的钥匙弄丢了。
I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well.我本来想昨晚完成工作的,但是我感觉身体不舒服。
It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country.对我来说,被邀请来你们国家是一件很荣幸的事情。
