大学英语写作教程第三册unit sentence variety

Unit 1Sample 1It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure, while optimism usually brings happiness, good health and success. Pessimists also make those around them very miserable. Therefore, pessimists should change their way of thinking and overcome the negative aspects of their personalities. Here are a few tips for them:1. Try to smile more often. A smile has great power. It can chase sadness away. It will make you and other people feel happy. And it may even make things easier and better. Smiling in the morning makes a good beginning for the day. A smile is the most important sign of optimism.2. Build up your self-confidence. Try to discover as many of your personal strengths as you can. Then write them all down. Read them several times when you are getting ready to do something or when you are facing difficulties. Your list will help you see your abilities.3. Change your way of thinking. Don't always think that things will go wrong or that if they do there will be terrible results. Instead, convince yourself that things will improve and that you can work hard to help improve them. If you fail, think about what you have learned from the failure. If you succeed, praise yourself. Don't be too modest! There is nothing more encouraging than self-praise.Try your best to become an optimist.Sample 2Are you an optimist or a pessimist? If you're a pessimist, here is some advice for you.As everyone knows, pessimism is harmful to people. It makes you unhappy and unhealthy, and even brings depression, loneliness and failure. Pessimists tend to suffer more failures and setbacks because they don't believe they can succeed and thus don't struggle for it. Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful. So it is good for you to change yourself from a pessimist to an optimist.Here are some suggestions for you to become an optimist:1. Remember that everyone experiences failures and disappointments. So when you fail, don't blame yourself too much. It may not be your fault.2. When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience instead of getting depressed. And next time, you can make your plans to be more successful.3. When you fail, don't be discouraged. Try again. Don't let negative thoughts hold you back. Just give yourself another chance. So never give up just because you failed.Pessimism is harmful, but it can be changed. Trust yourself and try to adopt an optimistic attitude, and then you will be a winner in life more often.Unit 3If I Were the Mayor of This CityAs the topic of the 2010 Expo --- “Bette r City, Better Life” indicates, the ultimate goal of making a city better is to make its people happier. So if I were the mayor ofthis city, I would start with issues which are closely related to people’s living quality.First and foremost, pollution. The air we breathe, the water we drink and the soli we plow, have been polluted in different levels. I would ask specialists to help eliminate pollutions, make out new policies to restrict local factories, and promote public awareness of environment protection at the same time.Second, the traffic. As people are getting more and more used to traffic jam, it’s time to make a difference. Subways would be built to lighten the burden of city buses and the number of private cars would be limited. I’d use all possible means to perfect the traffic system.Third, the income gap. The gap between the rich and the poor is enlarging these days. The social stability is being threatened that immediate measures should be taken to stop this tendency. I would narrow the education gap between the city and the suburban area, and create more working opportunities for laid-off workers. I would also try my best to form a reemployment-oriented training network to enhance their abilities to face challenges.With all these acts taking effect, I believe that in our city, the air would be more fresh, the traffic would be more convenient, the poor’s life would be easy and all our citizens would be happier to live in such a booming city.Unit 4Sample 1Dec. 28, ______Mailbox 352,________ University,__________ Road, Dear Sir/Madam:I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in today’s _______ EveningPaper.I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at ________ University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed the National Entrance Examination with flying colors*. So I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich experience in study and examinations.I am good at Chemistry and Physics in which your daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics contest. And I can also help your child with her English and Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my teaching experience and learn how to get along well with others. Money is my secondary consideration.I would be glad to come for an interview at your convenience. My phone number is ________. I look forward to hearing from you.Sincerely Yours,XXX*With flying colors: extremely well.Sample 2December, 27, _____________ CollegeP.O.Box 368BDear Sir or Madam,I would like to be considered as an applicant for the secretary position listed in today’s ____________ Daily.I am a female student and I am now 21. In June this year I will graduate from ________ University. My major is economics. During my winter vacation last year, I worked as a typist in a company. I can type at a speed of 80 words per minute and I have taken shorthand. In my spare time, I have also worked on computer and now I can use the computer for word processing. Apart from these skills, I have high proficiency in English and Ican speak English fluently. I have passed CET 4 and 6 with high marks. In a word, I’m sure that I’m a suitable person for the job and I can do it well.I would be glad to come for an interview at your convenience. My telephone number is _________. I am looking forward to hearing from you.Sincerely Yours,XXX Unit 5Should Learners Aim to Speak English with a Native-SpeakerPronunciation?Sample 1In my opinion, there is no point in aiming to speak English with a native-speaker pronunciation. For most people, it is a waste of time.First, language is a tool for communication among human beings. If people we meet understand what we are saying, that is all that is necessary. We do not need to imitate native speaker's pronunciation. In any case, there are many types of accents, so which one should we choose to imitate?Second, the most important thing is how well we organize what we want to express. Our ideas should be clear and easy to understand. To do so, we should be able to use right words and correct grammar.Third, given the fact that we live in China, it seems a little bit pointless for us to try desperately hard to get rid of our national accent in order to speak BBC English.Finally, each of us has our own style when we speak. If we can give free rein to personal style, the English-speaking world will become more colorful and more interesting.In a word, I prefer to speak with my characteristic and recognizable pronunciation, so long as listeners can understand me.Sample 2Yes, I think it is important to aim for native-speaker pronunciation. First of all, I think perfection is always a good goal in any aspect of language-learning. We aim for perfect grammar, so why not perfect pronunciation?Second, the purpose of learning a language is to communicate with native-speakers or people from other parts of the world. The better my pronunciation is, the more easily they will be able to understand me. And I want people to understand me without any difficulty.Third, English is now an international language and I would like to be part of that community. If my pronunciation is like a native-speaker's, I will blend into the community more naturally. I'll feel pleased if I am taken for a native-speaker. Even if I can't speak so well, I don't like to spoil the language by terrible pronunciation.So learners should aim to speak English with a native-speaker pronunciation.Unit 6Should Animals be Trained to Help Humans?Sample 1There are a wide variety of animals in the world. And many of them are highly intelligent. So if we train some animals to work for human beings, we can save a lot of money and manpower.First, some kinds of animals can be trained based on their capacity to do certain types of jobs better than humans. For example, since dogs have a superior ability to track down odors, we can train them to find illegal drugs, earthquake victims, or even ancient tombs.Second, some animals can even lend us their hands. The monkey is a good example. Monkeys can be trained to learn to open doors, fetch tools, bring books, etc. So they can help those who cannot move about freely because of some physical problems. Monkeys make the lives of these people happier and more comfortable.Finally, in some cases, using animals not only saves money but also trouble. Using dolphins as underwater guards can be better and cheaper than any man-made tracking devices.In a word, animals should be trained to help humans. If we train animals in the proper way, both humans and animals can get along very well.Sample 2Humans and animals are both creatures of nature, so we are equal. We have no right to take advantage of them. However, many animals are now being trained to work for us. Monkeys are trained as servants, dogs as hunters and sniffers, and dolphins as soldiers.Beasts should be allowed to run freely over great distances and birds, fly freely in the blue sky. When they are in nature, they are active and able to live a normal life. But when they are kept in captivity, they are bored and frustrated.If we have the right to choose our fate, so do animals. So when we force them to serve us, they have no freedom and are like slaves. What’s more, a lot of animals lose their lives when they help humans. But most humans don't care about their lives at all. As we know, life belongs to us only once and therefore is priceless, and it is also true with animals. But we show no mercy to animals when they have done so much for us. We are cold-blooded creatures and we should criticize ourselves.In brief, we should treat animals in the same way we treat other people. Give animals their freedom.Unit 7Sample 1Traveling Is WonderfulIn school we always study hard and rarely have time for play and relaxation. During our vacation, we can do what we like. Some students go swimming, watch TV, go to the cinema, etc. But all I want to do is to travel.Traveling is interesting. You can see a lot of fascinating things and you can learn about history. Three years ago, I went to Beijing. When I was in the Summer Palace, I walked through the famous Long Corridor, admiring the beautiful pictures drawn on it. In the Imperial Palace, I saw a lot of rare treasures I had never seen before. I went to theGreat Wall as well as the Ming Tombs. After visiting these famous places, I can’t help feeling proud of my great motherland.I think it is important to travel to different countries, if possible, so that you can learn about different cultures and customs. It can widen your knowledge of the world. In addition to learning new things, you can also discover the beauty of nature by yourself. When you are on the top of a mountain, you can breathe fresh air, you can see green scenery below and you can hear the sounds of nature. It is a very wonderful feeling.Now I’d like to invite you to go on a trip with me. Can you refuse?Sample 2I Enjoy TravelingI enjoy traveling. I even consider it as a part of my life. When winter vacation approaches, the question for me to ask is not whether I should travel but where I should travel.I find traveling can do me a lot of good when I look back on my trips. Traveling brings me knowledge and pleasure. It puts me in a good mood. When I go back to my studies, I work more happily.As for knowledge, traveling helps me learn a lot about local customs and it broadens my views. Three years ago, I went to the “European City”in Wuxi, wherethere are many models of European architecture. During that trip I learned something about Europe. Sometimes, traveling can bring me unexpected pleasure, too. Last year, two friends and I went to a small town near the Tai Mountain. The fact that the town had beautiful scenery and low expenses made us overjoyed.Traveling is uplifting because it is relaxing and we can get rid of our anxiety and stress during the trip. If we travel together with our friends, we can improve our friendship through the shared experience. We can also meet new people and make new friends.In the future, I plan to do more traveling.。

新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程第三册习题及答案Unit 11.Most cities in the country have introduced “Clean Air Zones”whereby factories and households are only allowed to burn smokeless fuel.2.He knows that the pursuit of social status can consume vast amounts of his time and effort.3.The doctors are at a loss because so far no medicine has been found to inhibit the spread of the disease.4.We see many special education directors trying to maintain the quality of their programs with much less money and much smaller staff.5.People there are told it is their patriotic duty to support the national economy by buying their own products.6.Darwin’s thinking both drew upon and transcended the conventional ideas of his time.7.In spite of all your endeavors , there may be times when you encounter difficulties in the training process.8.My advice to Mr. Stewart is to think carefully before entering into a career in medicine, as this is a field which requires a lot of dedication and long working hours.9.Most Chinese parents would prefer to choose some professions that are stable and could bring prestige and economic benefits.10. It’s legally possible for an elderly person to nominate someone to act for them, should they become incapable of looking after themselves.Unit 21.Kids are more likely to intervene in a situation if they believe their parents expect them to help.2.The first lesson I learned as a newcomer for the company was never to underestimate the degree of difficulty I would face in career advancement.3.Just as I started to think that I was never going to get well, the illness began to recede .4.Whatever the decision is, I would like you to know that your department is my first choice and I deem it a great honor if I could study in your department.5.During one particularly bleak moment in my career, a senior colleague of mind said to me, “If you follow your dreams, the money will come. Follow the money, and you’ll lose your dreams.”6.Unless we can find a way to appraise nature and then invest in protecting it, our basic life-support systems are going to collapse.7.The blizzard(暴风雪) moved south, turning into an icy rain that paralyzed the airports for three days.8.In this introduction we have diagnosed some of the causes of the illness and, in the following chapters, we will draw attention to its various unpleasant symptoms.9.In those days, divorce under any circumstances was socially unacceptable and there was great dismay in the family who went through it.10.Every time she talked about being rejected in her hunt for a job, she seemed on the brink of tears, and I would quickly switch the conversation to another topic.Unit 31.As a number of authors point out, the urge to migrate is a(n) integral part of human nature.2.Children should be allowed to cherish those few years of innocence before they have to learn the truth about the real world.3.He has been afflicted by a horrible disease, from which one of his best friends died two weeks ago.4.The results of the survey are noteworthy and useful despite being from a small sample.5.The director said that they needed a young actress who could portray someone who was both unbalanced and confident at the same time.6.Praise must be used wisely to compliment students who perform up to expectations and to and to encourage students to perform to maximum levels.7.In the domain of research, it is an accepted fact that scientific publications have to be written or translated into English to get published, acknowledged, and cited.8.He received a(n) anonymous call threatening to disclose details of his affair if he didn’t pay the money.9.The movie presents Lincoln as a strong-willed, conscientious man who led the US through a moral, constitutional and political crisis.10.It is understandable that the health and welfare of their family is a(n) perpetual concern for this young couple.Unit 41.Although secondary education is compulsory, parents are not required to send their children to state schools.2.The economic situation has been worsening, causing economists to contemplate whether the present policies are sustainable.3.He was found guilty and was imprisoned in the Tower of London, where he died very quickly, aged only 47.4.It is obvious that the future of the Internet is to globalize more and more areas of the world, and that e-commerce and e-entertainment are going to go for more and more markets.5.However, your current losses should soon be offset by gains; the fund will producea positive return of percent over a nine-month period.6.Because she was so tall and slim, all the clothes looked marvelous on her and the other girls would groan their envy.7.This can be a helpful approach in discussion-someone may regard you as stubborn since you never want to change your mind, whereas you see yourself as determined.8.On weekends, the school parking lot is almost empty except that a few cars cluster near the entrance.9.In the photographer’s finest pictures there is also a degree of ambiguity, whichallows them to be interpreted in a variety of ways.10.Tim stretched out a hand in apology for his thoughtless remarks and was consoled by a firm handshake from Mark.Unit 51.The general considered all the information that had been gathered and gauged what possible moves the enemy might make before issuing his orders.2.The new president said she would dedicate herself to protecting the rights of the old and the homeless, who are otherwise helpless and vulnerable.3.Cell phone conversations, which are fairly commonplace on commuter trains, can be annoying to fellow commuters.4.Ask your doctor whether a low-fat diet and a daily walk will suffice to reduce your high blood pressure.5.The revenue from tourism is the biggest single contribution to GDP in the Maldives; every year many tourists from all corners of the world spend their holidays there.6.Since the beginning of this century, China has built many modern conference centers with underground parking, air-conditioning and simultaneous translation systems.7.While advertising offers a stimulus(刺激) to buy, sales promotion offers a(n) incentive to buy, but consumers must have their own reason to buy.8.In general, smokers living in cities are slightly more prone to lung cancer than smokers who are living in the country.9.A large proportion of important innovations are brought about by people who step outside of conventional categories or traditional assumptions.10.The habit of going to coffee houses was fostered by the city’s relatively small size, safe streets, good public transportation, and moderate climate.Unit 11.When Francis got back after Easter, he was far behind his classmates and he wasremoved from the second into the third class at his own desire.2.The president acknowledged that he had somehow failed in his ability to communicate to the American people.3.Unfortunately, as history has shown, some of the companies are guilty of misconduct in the pursuit of profit.4.The ship deviated from the agreed voyage and arrived about 10 days late and in the meantime the price of sugar had fallen and the merchants lost over ￡4,000.5.Because the transcript is still under seal, the law precludes them from reading and discussing the evidence in detail.6.In carrying out the plan we are likely to come across difficulties, but we are determined to triumph over them all.7.Without increasing investment in education, it will be increasingly difficult for low-income people to work their way into the middle class.8.All the passengers in the plane that crashed in the middle of the Andes Mountains a week ago were written off as dead.Unit 21.When the bus pulled to a stop and I got off, I was relieved because I had finished school and I had the weekend ahead of me to enjoy myself.2.When my car crashed into the big tree, I could feel the blood draining from my face and I wondered whether I was about to black out.3.All kinds of questions concerning the soaring housing price begin to pop up on cable television and the blogosphere(博客圈) .4.The soldiers’ rapid march was stopped short by the general’s command; they were uncertain whether to go back or forward.5.A car crashed into the side of a house after the drive lost control and plowed through a hedge(树篱).6.Charles reappeared, after half an hour’s absence, and threw himself into an armchair, where he lay back for some time with his eyes shut.7.No special equipment is needed other than inspiring, motivating music that you can dance passionately to and let yourself go.8.As her door began to open, she grabbed for the telephone, and then dropped the receiver as Luke walked in.Unit 31.Clearly, most of the students there are full-time workers who would not otherwise have been able to embark on sustained further study.2.The court ruled that this man be deprived of his political rights for a further four years after he has served his 13-year sentence.3.I would love to have kids. I would turn down an Oscar to see my boy at a baseball game or my girl at a song recital.4.Richard was finally released on February 4, one year and six weeks after he’d been taken captive.5.She hoped Vincent would understand that her life had not been empty, because her love would live on.6.All people, whether they be rich or poor, strong or weak, privileged or deprived, are interdependent, and share in the common task of seeking to achieve mankind’s full potential.7.In September 1944 he was able to return to his academic duties, but soon after the war ended he was stricken by a serious illness and did relatively little research thereafter(从那以后).8.She retired from the company where she has led by example and been a source of encouragement to others.Unit 41.Virginia was a perfectionist. She was just not prepared to settle for anything that was second best.2.He could be quite casual in his attitude to his wife’s anxiety, and more often than not failed to let her know when he would be back from a business trip.3.“You’ll kill yourself with those things”, Arty said in a tone i n which disappointment was mingled with disgust.4.Thanks to modern transportation, agricultural products in these remote mountainous regions can also be traded for other goods.5.As the market was saturated with a wide variety of goods, the economy became more balanced and the competition forced the prices down.6.Going with the flow doesn’t mean that we don’t know where we’re going; it meansthat we are open to multiple ways of getting there.7.The athlete had been endowed with long legs and a persistent temperament so he was very successful.8.The wrongly accused man asked for extra compensation to made up for the street he had suffered during the case.Unit 51.The result of this experiment do not correlate with those of the studies that the team of scientists had conducted previously.2.It was a moment of overwhelming excitement when Steve was given the first prize; Tiffany couldn’t refrain from hugging and kissing him.3.As we count down to tonight’s presidential debate, it’s time to go over the political agendas which the candidates are trying to promote.4.She spent the next 10 years taking in washing, slaving away to pay back the money they had borrowed from the bank.5.Indeed, it seems that the upward shift in the rate of economic growth in the mid-1990s coincided with a sudden, substantial,and rapid decline in the prices of computers.6.As Crawford contended with heartbreak in his private life, his career soared to greater heights than he could have ever dreamed of.7.I am assuming that you have adequate health insurance, but someone should be designated as successor to take over your financial and domestic affairs if you become unable to cope with them yourself.8.Formal consent for this new type of treatment was obtained from each patient and the study conform to our inst itution’s guidelines concerning medical ethics(伦理). Unit 1Where there is a will, there is a way. This proverb means that if you are really determined to do something, however difficult it might be, you will 1)F.eventually find a way to do it well. The2) point is that you must have the will to achieve success. Ninety percent of the failures that occur are due to the fact that there is no strong will involved. Many people simply say that they want something, but they do not make any 3) to achieve it. So, instead of getting it, they use the poorest excuse to explain the situation away.On many occasions, people tend to 4) every minute obstacle, making the objective impossible to attain. In reality, if they have the will to succeed, they can get rid of the 5) and achieve their goals.Only those with a(n) 6)N. committed and focused will and spirit can fight their way to final victory. Many a famous man has the same experience. They have 7)their prestige because they have had the will to 8)apparently insuperable (无法克服的) obstacles. Many artists, statesmen, writers and inventors have manged to succeed because they possess a fierce will, which has helped them to accomplish major 9)K. feats.Therefore, we can see that the main thing which one needs is a strong will. Weak-willed people never climb to the top. They collapse at the 10) use of force against them. Strong-willed people, on the other hand will stand up against all odds and will make it a point to succeed.Unit 2实现中华民族伟大复兴（rejuvenation）是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，我们称之为“中国梦”，其基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。

PART III GRAMMARp-ing and -ed forms of verbsReference for the Classroom Activities1）That woman who is laughing is my mother.2）Finally they found the treasure that had been hidden.3）This is the place that is most frequently reported in the press.4）The boy who was enchanted stared at the screen, mouth wide open.Now, ask students to summarize the use of the -ing and -ed forms as modifiersSummary1.The –ing form of a verb is used when the action described by the verb continues to happen or when therelationship between the modified and the verb is active.2.The –ed form of a verb is used when the action is completed at the time another action occurs or when therelationship between the modified and the verb is passive.NounsReference for the Classroom Activities1）.development of career educators2）. readjustment of the flight timetable3）. money problems of high-school art education4）. country for family vacation5）. the study of the growth of childhood personalityNow, ask students to summarize the rules of using nouns as modifiers.SummaryNouns can be put ahead of another noun as its modifiers in English; but too many nouns clustered can cause ambiguity and misunderstanding. Very often the maximum of nouns as modifiers is two, though sometimes this number may be exceeded. So the guiding principle for noun modifiers is that they shouldn pose too much difficulty to the reader’s comprehension.AdverbsReference for the Classroom Activities1）drive breezily (modifying the verb)2）strangely beautiful(modifying the adjective)3）too slowly(modifying the adverb)．Smith’s report on his latest research．(modifying the whole sentence)4）Firstly,1et’s listen to DrNow, ask students to summarize the rules of using adverbs as modifiersSummaryAn adverb can modify a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or even a whole sentence. It usually appears after the verb it modifies but before the adjective or the adverb. If it modifies the whole sentence, it can appear either at the beginning or at the end.Problems with modifiersReference for the Classroom Activities1．The problem with these phrases is the redundancy of modifiers．The modifiers are useless for they do nothing but repeat what the following nouns say．Useless modifiers can make your writing repetitious and wordy．2．a. The notice said nothing else．b. People other than visitors were not invited to see the exhibits．c. The visitors were invited to do nothing but see the exhibits on the third floor．D. There might be exhibits on other floors but the visitors were invited to see those the third floor. Now．ask students to summarize the problems with modifiers.Summary1.One problem is about useless modifiers. A useless modifier adds nothing to the meaning of the modifiedbut redundancy.2.Another problem is concerned with misplaced modifiers. Clear writing demands that modifiers be put asclose as possible to the word or phrase being modified.PART IV WRITINGNotices (I)This section mainly discusses short, informal notices, which are normally written in the form of notes. Above all, a notice should provide key information to the reader.Suggested answer to the questionThe notices are concise, including only the essential information. They are all written in the form of notes. Ask students to summarize what they have learned in this unitPART V FOLLOW-UP EXERCISES1.1）. When I was assigned a certain task, I did it to my best ability2）. Fog can cause blindness.3). Recently 1 joined a social club which raises money for the care of needy children, and we meet everyWednesday afternoon.4). An essay should be understandable to the reader.5). Many items are expensive at discount stores.6). Bears that have just come out of hibernation are usually hungry and dangerous7). The author should have shortened the story by half.8). The city's environmental surroundings are not the most comfortable9). I learned certain facts that I believe are vital to every freshman.2. 1). simmer: cook food gently at or just below boiling pointsauté: fry quickly in a little hot fatbake: cook by using direct heat in an oven2). Other verbs about cooking include roast, steam, braise, fry, deep-fry, boil, poach, scramble, grill,stew, curry, baste, barbecue.3. 1). For dinner we had barbecued steaks and sweet corn.2). Last week my brother John joined an insurance company.3). He is not a friendly and easy-going colleague.4). Our view of the sea at sunset was splendid / breathtaking.5). It was a fine day to play outdoors.6). What impressed me most about the city was the hustle and bustle in the streets4.. There are s eize, hurl, choke, blind, leap, flee, etc5. 1). I admire Jenny's long black glossy hair so much.2). The fearless explorer finally landed at the South Pole.3). Fast driving on a smooth road can be great fun.4). John and I often wrote each other long e-mails full of jokes5). The pale skinny woman fainted suddenly.6. 1). I invited the visiting professor to the English Club.2). Shooting stars warn us of catastrophe.3). The deleted sentence was unnecessary.4). Stephanie tiptoed up the carpeted steps.5). The students attending the art school are highly active.6). The taped dollar bill split in half.7). Amy was the only winning contestant who was below 108). The freshly painted house shone in the sun.7, 1). indescribably 2). Dark 3). occasional 4). steadily5). surely, bad 6). terribly8. 1). At his mother's request, he agreed to wait at least a year before getting married.2). Half of the girls in town were in love with Ben, but he wanted to marry Christine only.3). John hopes that in the years to come he can be as successful as his father has been.4). The winner of the contest ate almost three dozen frankfurters.5). Debbie knew that chicken when fried always pleased Ed.6). Mary could not resist the temptation to whisper in her friend's ear about what she had seen.9. In organizing the activity, the teacher can ask students to discuss what they want to put in the notices first, and then to design the layout. The notices should be simple in language, clear in meaning and eye-catching.。

大学英语三第一单元作文范例English:In the first unit of college English, we have covered various topics related to communication, social media, and technology. One of the interesting aspects we learned about is how social media has impacted our communication patterns and relationships. We discussed the benefits and drawbacks of social media, and how it has both connected and disconnected people. Additionally, we also explored the influence of technology on language, such as the development of emojis and text-speak, and how it has affected the way we communicate. Moreover, we delved into the importance of effective communication skills in both personal and professional settings, and how understanding different communication styles can lead to better interactions and relationships. Overall, this unit has provided a comprehensive understanding of the role of communication, social media, and technology in our modern society, and has emphasized the importance of effective communication skills in today’s interconnected world.Translated content:在大学英语三的第一单元中，我们涉及了与沟通、社交媒体和科技相关的各种话题。

PART 1 GRAMMARpronounsSubjective vs. objectiveReference for the Classroom Activities1）. She has told me about it.2). -- Who is it?.It's me.3)That's him, I'm sure.4). It was she who solved the problem.(In this sentence, her is also acceptable though it is the subject of the relative clause. The only difference is in style, subjective pronouns sound more formal than objective pronouns. Two more examples:It was them who helped me out.It was me who did it. )5). Jill is the girl who I think went up the hill.(In the relative clause, who is the subject and the phrase I think is an explanatory parenthesis. )6). The Red Cross will accept whoever volunteers.( Whoever is the subject of volunteers. The clause whoever volunteers is the object of accept. )7). Who/Whom is it for?8).To whom is the letter addressed?Now, ask students to summarize the rules about the case of pronouns Summary:1.Subjective pronouns can be used as the subject or part of the predicate of asentence, while objective pronouns can be used as the object of either a verb or a preposition.2.Both subjective and objective pronouns can be used as part of a predicate and thedifference lies in style. If a subjective pronoun is used, it sounds formal and,therefore, is usually preferred in formal writing. If it is an objective pronoun that is used, it sounds colloquial and is, therefore, preferred in informal speech.3.Phrases like I think, I believe, I suppose, when inserted into a clause, do not affectthe roles of the other components in the clause.4.when the interrogative pronoun is not the first word of a question, standard usagehas not yet given up whom after a preposition or at the end of the question: For whom was the party given? You listened to whom? With whom did you go?However, popular usage gas been moving towards the elimination of whom,especially when it comes first in a question. Who is it for? Who did you meet?Who are you looking for?Singular vs. pluralReference for the Classroom Activities1). Someone left his or her umbrella on the train. (One person left one umbrella. )b. Everybody drove his own car to the camping site. (Each person got into his own car and drove it. )c. No one likes to be forced to do what he doesn't like. (Focus should remain on individual's freedom. )d. (correct) (Although everyone looks singular and is often followed by a singular verb,this sentence would be illogical if carried out in the singular: Everyone was in the classroom, but he has left to get pizza. )e. (correct) (A number of people left a number of raincoats. )Now, ask students to summarize the rules about the number of pronouns Summary:e a singular pronoun when the intent of the antecedent is singular. An indefinitepronoun, like someone, everyone, no one, and one, is usually considered to be singular and referred to with singular pronouns, but sometimes it is used in the plural sense and form.e a plural pronoun when the intent of the antecedent is plural.Point of viewReference for the Classroom ActivitiesRevised version 1:When people read about a natural disaster in another country, it hardly affects them. Of course, they feel bad and upset when people get killed. But as these disasters happen thousands of miles away from them and because they don't affect their own life, they are not traumatized by them. If a flood killed their own close friends, they would be more emotionally upset.Revised version 2:When we read about a natural disaster in another country, it hardly affects us. Of course, we feel bad and upset when people get killed. But as these disasters happen thousands of miles away from us and because they don't affect our own life, we aren't traumatized by them. If a flood killed our close friends, we would be more emotionally upset.Notice while the first version is comfortable and respectable, the second one involves the audience more effectively and directly because of the use of the pronoun we. The pronoun you can also achieve the same effect in this paragraph.Now, ask students to draw a conclusion from the activitySummary:One of the problems about the point of view is a careless shift from one subject to another within a sentence or from one sentence to the next. The solution is to rewrite the paragraph using a consistent presiding pronoun, or point of view.PARTⅡFOLLOW-UP EXERCISES1. 1). In this excerpt, Liza's style is all but appropriate for the occasion. At thebeginning, she chooses a formal and affected style but later slides to colloquial and finally slang expressions. The other characters at the scene use general and colloquial vocabulary that is appropriate for the context.2).No. Here the obvious switch from a formal to a highly colloquial styleshows Liza in a transitional stage. She does not see that her learned comment on the weather is posed to be a lady and reverts to her natural speech, which incidentally is much more expressive and colorful than her phony（假冒的）formality（礼节）.2. 1). play a minor role/be a utility man2). That's Greek to me.3). belated action/advice4). Where there is smoke there's fire.5). an evil creature6). walk into the trap7). one's face glowing with health3. 1). We must practice economy. / We must reduce unnecessary expenditures.2). It is essential to control environmental pollution.3). We must arrive at the station on time.4). Financial expenditures should be arranged in order of priority.5). We should speed up constructions of urban housing so as to improve thehousing condition.6). To be allowed to make profits, private capital has to meet two conditions:1) theprofits must be legal, and 2) they must not be excessive.7). During the period of the Tenth Five-Year Plan we must never neglect grainproduction. Instead, we must steadily increase it.4. Reference versionWomen's RightsIn feudal China, women had low social status, and were regarded as inferior to men. Thanks to the women's liberation movement, women have achieved equal status with men, which is established by the law. But in fact, they still can't enjoy equal rights with men.At home, wives are expected to do all the housework, which is obviously unfair. Husband and wife should share the housework and family responsibilities. But in some families husbands usually get angry when they find the cleaning or cooking unfinished by their wives. One can't help wondering why they don't do it by themselves.I think women should be spiritually and financially independent if they want real equality. In order to do that, they have to learn as much as men so as to find a good job. Appearance is no longer important to women. It is their ability that can bring them a good job rather than their appearance. So I think the best way for women to win more rights is to receive good education.5. 1). me 2). who 3). I 4). me/ myself 5). me 6). each other’s7). who 8）.us 9). whom 10). some 11) one’s 12). his13). his 14). his, his6 1). We are all born into this world as equals, but for various reasons, not all ofus are treated as equals. This inequality begins when we reach the age of five, for this is when we will enter elementary school. In school, we are no longer "Mommy's little darling." We now have to prove ourselves to the other children and also to our teacher. If we seem different from the other students, we are treated differently, and these differences could be anything: pants, shoes, speech, religion, and so forth. Right from the start, we think that as long as we are different, there is something wrong with us.2). There are those who assume that since I can't see, I obviously cannot hear.Very often people will talk with me at the top of their lungs, uttering each word very carefully. On the other hand, people will also often whisper, assuming that since my eyes don't work, my ears don't either. For example, when I go to the airport and ask the ticket agent for assistance to the plane, he or she will invariably pick up the phone, call a ground hostess and whisper: "Hi, Jane, we've got a 76 here." I have concluded that the word "blind" is not used for one of two reasons: either they fear that if the dread word is spoken, the ticket agent's retina will detach, or they are reluctant to inform me of my condition of which I may not have been previously aware.。

大学英语3课后作文After-Class Writing of College English 3。

As a college student, I have taken many English courses, and College English 3 is one of the most important ones. This course has not only improved my language skills butalso broadened my horizons. In this essay, I will share my learning experience and the benefits of taking College English 3.Firstly, the course has helped me to improve my English proficiency. In this course, we learned a lot of grammar rules, vocabulary, and sentence structures. Besides, wealso practiced listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. For example, we had to do oral presentations, write essays, and participate in group discussions. All of these activities have helped me to enhance my language skills and become more confident in using English.Secondly, the course has broadened my horizons. InCollege English 3, we read a lot of articles and watched videos about various topics, such as culture, society, and technology. These materials not only helped me to understand the world better but also expanded my knowledge in different fields. For instance, I learned about the cultural differences between China and the West, the impact of social media on our lives, and the development of artificial intelligence.Moreover, the course has also taught me valuable learning strategies. For example, we learned how to take notes effectively, how to analyze and summarize articles, and how to use online resources to improve our language skills. These skills are not only useful for English learning but also applicable to other subjects and areas of life.In conclusion, College English 3 is a beneficial course for college students. It has helped me to improve my language skills, broaden my horizons, and learn valuable learning strategies. I am grateful for the opportunity totake this course, and I believe that the knowledge and skills I have gained will benefit me in the future.。

Title: The Evolution of Technology and Its Impact on Modern CommunicationIn today's fast-paced world, the evolution of technology has revolutionized the way we communicate. From the early days of the telegraph and Morse code to the modern era of smartphones and instant messaging, technology has continually transformed the landscape of communication. The telegraph, invented in the 19th century, marked a significant milestone in the history of communication. It allowed messages to be transmitted over long distances almost instantaneously, replacing the slow and inefficient methods of the past. The advent of the telephone in thelate 19th century further accelerated the process, enabling voice communication between people separated by vast distances.With the dawn of the 20th century, the development of radio and television broadcasting brought about a new era of mass communication. These inventions allowed information and entertainment to reach a wide audience simultaneously, breaking down barriers of geography and time.The 21st century has witnessed an unprecedented explosion in the field of technology, particularly in the realm of digital communication. The internet, smartphones, social media, and instant messaging platforms have reshaped the way we interact with each other. People can now stay connected with friends and family across the globe, share information and ideas instantaneously, and access a vast array of resources and services with the click of a button. However, the rapid advancement of technology has also presented its own set of challenges. The overuse of digital devices and social media has led to issues such as addiction, cyberbullying, and the spread of misinformation. Additionally, the constant bombardment of information and notifications can lead to feelings of anxiety and stress. Despite these challenges, the evolution of technology has undoubtedly made our lives easier and more convenient. It has opened up new avenues for communication, learning, and entertainment, and has connected people from diverse backgrounds and cultures. As we continue to embrace new technologies, it is important to remain mindful of theirpotential impact on our lives and to use them in a responsible and balanced manner.**科技演变及其对现代通信的影响**在如今快节奏的世界中，科技的演变彻底改变了我们的交流方式。

Unit 3TextEvery teacher probably asks himself time and again： What are the reasons for choosing teaching as a career？ Do the rewards teaching outweigh the trying comments？ Answering these questions is not a simple task. Let's see what the author says.Why I TeachPeter G. BeidlerWhy do you teach？ My friend asked the question when I told him that I didn't want to be considered for an administrative position. He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a "step up" toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up： money and power.Certainly I don't teach because teaching is easy for me. Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn my living： mechanic， carpenter， writer. For me， teaching is a red-eye， sweaty-palm， sinking-stomach profession. Red-eye， because I never feel ready to teach no matter how late I stay up preparing. Sweaty-palm， because I'm always nervous before I enter the classroom， sure that I will be found out for the fool that I am. Sinking-stomach，because I leave the classroom an hour later convinced that I was even more boring than usual.Nor do I teach because I think I know answers， or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share. Sometimes I am amazed that my students actually take notes on what I say in class！Why， then， do I teach？I teach because I like the pace of the academic calendar. June， July， and August offer an opportunity for reflection，research and writing.I teach because teaching is a profession built on change. When the material is the same， I change —— and， more important， my students change.I teach because I like the freedom to make my own mistakes， to learn my own lessons， to stimulate myself and my students. As a teacher， I'm my own boss. If I want my freshmen to learn to write by creating their own textbook， who is to say I can't？ Such courses may be huge failures， but we can all learn from failures.I teach because I like to ask questions that students must struggle to answer. The world is full of right answers to bad questions. While teaching， I sometimes find good questions.I teach because I enjoy finding ways of getting myself and my students out of the ivory tower and into the real world. I once taught a course called "Self-Reliance in a Technological Society." My 15 students read Emerson， Thoreau， and Huxley. They kept diaries. They wrote term papers.But we also set up a corporation， borrowed money， purchased a run-down house and practiced self-reliance by renovating it. At the end of the semester， we would the house， repaid our loan， paid or taxes， and distributed the profits among the group.So teaching gives me pace， and variety， and challenge， and the opportunity to keep on learning.I have left out， however， the most important reasons why I teach.One is Vicky. My first doctoral student， Vicky was an energetic student who labored at her dissertation on a little-known14th century poet. She wrote articles and sent them off to learned journals. She did it all herself， with an occasional nudge from me. But I was there when she finished her dissertation， learned that her articles were accepted， got a job and won a fellowship to Harvard working on a book developing ideas she'd first had as my student.Another reason is George， who started as an engineering student， then switched to English because he decided he liked people better than things.There is Jeanne， who left college， but was brought back by her classmates because they wanted her to see the end of the self-reliance house project. I was here when she came back. I was there when she told me that she later became interested in the urban poor and went on to become a civil rights lawyer.There is Jacqui， a cleaning woman who knows more by intuition than most of us learn by analysis. Jacqui has decided to finish high school and go to college.These are the real reasons I teach， these people who grow and change in front of me. Being a teacher is being present at the creation， when the clay begins to breathe.A "promotion" out of teaching would give me money and power. But I have money. I get paid to do what I enjoy： reading，talking with people， and asking question like， "What is the point of being rich？"And I have power. I have the power to nudge， to fan sparks， to suggest books， to point out a pathway. What other power matters？But teaching offers something besides money and power： it offers love. Not only the love of learning and of books and ideas， but also the love that a teacher feels for that rare student who walks into a teacher's life and begins to breathe. Perhaps love is the wrong word： magic might be better.I teach because， being around people who are beginning to breathe， I occasionally find myself catching my breath with them.。

Unit 1Sample 1It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure, while optimism usually brings happiness, good health and success. Pessimists also make those around them very miserable. Therefore, pessimists should change their way of thinking and overcome the negative aspects of their personalities. Here are a few tips for them:1. Try to smile more often. A smile has great power. It can chase sadness away. It will make you and other people feel happy. And it may even make things easier and better. Smiling in the morning makes a good beginning for the day. A smile is the most important sign of optimism.2. Build up your self-confidence. Try to discover as many of your personal strengths as you can. Then write them all down. Read them several times when you are getting ready to do something or when you are facing difficulties. Your list will help you see your abilities.3. Change your way of thinking. Don't always think that things will go wrong or that if they do there will be terrible results. Instead, convince yourself that things will improve and that you can work hard to help improve them. If you fail, think about what you have learned from the failure. If you succeed, praise yourself. Don't be too modest! There is nothing more encouraging than self-praise.Try your best to become an optimist.Sample 2Are you an optimist or a pessimist? If you're a pessimist, here is some advice for you.As everyone knows, pessimism is harmful to people. It makes you unhappy and unhealthy, and even brings depression, loneliness and failure. Pessimists tend to suffer more failures and setbacks because they don't believe they can succeed and thus don't struggle for it. Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and successful. So it is good for you to change yourself from a pessimist to an optimist.Here are some suggestions for you to become an optimist:1. Remember that everyone experiences failures and disappointments. So when you fail, don't blame yourself too much. It may not be your fault.2. When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience instead of getting depressed. And next time, you can make your plans to be more successful.3. When you fail, don't be discouraged. Try again. Don't let negative thoughts hold you back. Just give yourself another chance. So never give up just because you failed.Pessimism is harmful, but it can be changed. Trust yourself and try to adopt an optimistic attitude, and then you will be a winner in life more often.Unit 3If I Were the Mayor of This CityAs the topic of the 2010 Expo --- “Bette r City, Better Life” indicates, the ultimate goal of making a city better is to make its people happier. So if I were the mayor ofthis city, I would start with issues which are closely related to people’s living quality.First and foremost, pollution. The air we breathe, the water we drink and the soli we plow, have been polluted in different levels. I would ask specialists to help eliminate pollutions, make out new policies to restrict local factories, and promote public awareness of environment protection at the same time.Second, the traffic. As people are getting more and more used to traffic jam, it’s time to make a difference. Subways would be built to lighten the burden of city buses and the number of private cars would be limited. I’d use all possible means to perfect the traffic system.Third, the income gap. The gap between the rich and the poor is enlarging these days. The social stability is being threatened that immediate measures should be taken to stop this tendency. I would narrow the education gap between the city and the suburban area, and create more working opportunities for laid-off workers. I would also try my best to form a reemployment-oriented training network to enhance their abilities to face challenges.With all these acts taking effect, I believe that in our city, the air would be more fresh, the traffic would be more convenient, the poor’s life would be easy and all our citizens would be happier to live in such a booming city.Unit 4Sample 1Dec. 28, ______Mailbox 352,________ University,__________ Road, Dear Sir/Madam:I would like to be considered as a private tutor listed in today’s _______ EveningPaper.I am 19 years old and right now I am studying at ________ University, majoring in Energy. I am now a freshman and my high school years are still fresh in my mind. I passed the National Entrance Examination with flying colors*. So I believe that I have plenty of knowledge and rich experience in study and examinations.I am good at Chemistry and Physics in which your daughter needs help. I won the second prize in a national Chemistry contest and the third prize in a national Physics contest. And I can also help your child with her English and Math. If I become your child's tutor, I will do all I can to teach her and you will be satisfied with her progress.I am eager to get this job because I want to enrich my teaching experience and learn how to get along well with others. Money is my secondary consideration.I would be glad to come for an interview at your convenience. My phone number is ________. I look forward to hearing from you.Sincerely Yours,XXX*With flying colors: extremely well.Sample 2December, 27, _____________ CollegeP.O.Box 368BDear Sir or Madam,I would like to be considered as an applicant for the secretary position listed in today’s ____________ Daily.I am a female student and I am now 21. In June this year I will graduate from ________ University. My major is economics. During my winter vacation last year, I worked as a typist in a company. I can type at a speed of 80 words per minute and I have taken shorthand. In my spare time, I have also worked on computer and now I can use the computer for word processing. Apart from these skills, I have high proficiency in English and Ican speak English fluently. I have passed CET 4 and 6 with high marks. In a word, I’m sure that I’m a suitable person for the job and I can do it well.I would be glad to come for an interview at your convenience. My telephone number is _________. I am looking forward to hearing from you.Sincerely Yours,XXX Unit 5Should Learners Aim to Speak English with a Native-SpeakerPronunciation?Sample 1In my opinion, there is no point in aiming to speak English with a native-speaker pronunciation. For most people, it is a waste of time.First, language is a tool for communication among human beings. If people we meet understand what we are saying, that is all that is necessary. We do not need to imitate native speaker's pronunciation. In any case, there are many types of accents, so which one should we choose to imitate?Second, the most important thing is how well we organize what we want to express. Our ideas should be clear and easy to understand. To do so, we should be able to use right words and correct grammar.Third, given the fact that we live in China, it seems a little bit pointless for us to try desperately hard to get rid of our national accent in order to speak BBC English.Finally, each of us has our own style when we speak. If we can give free rein to personal style, the English-speaking world will become more colorful and more interesting.In a word, I prefer to speak with my characteristic and recognizable pronunciation, so long as listeners can understand me.Sample 2Yes, I think it is important to aim for native-speaker pronunciation. First of all, I think perfection is always a good goal in any aspect of language-learning. We aim for perfect grammar, so why not perfect pronunciation?Second, the purpose of learning a language is to communicate with native-speakers or people from other parts of the world. The better my pronunciation is, the more easily they will be able to understand me. And I want people to understand me without any difficulty.Third, English is now an international language and I would like to be part of that community. If my pronunciation is like a native-speaker's, I will blend into the community more naturally. I'll feel pleased if I am taken for a native-speaker. Even if I can't speak so well, I don't like to spoil the language by terrible pronunciation.So learners should aim to speak English with a native-speaker pronunciation.Unit 6Should Animals be Trained to Help Humans?Sample 1There are a wide variety of animals in the world. And many of them are highly intelligent. So if we train some animals to work for human beings, we can save a lot of money and manpower.First, some kinds of animals can be trained based on their capacity to do certain types of jobs better than humans. For example, since dogs have a superior ability to track down odors, we can train them to find illegal drugs, earthquake victims, or even ancient tombs.Second, some animals can even lend us their hands. The monkey is a good example. Monkeys can be trained to learn to open doors, fetch tools, bring books, etc. So they can help those who cannot move about freely because of some physical problems. Monkeys make the lives of these people happier and more comfortable.Finally, in some cases, using animals not only saves money but also trouble. Using dolphins as underwater guards can be better and cheaper than any man-made tracking devices.In a word, animals should be trained to help humans. If we train animals in the proper way, both humans and animals can get along very well.Sample 2Humans and animals are both creatures of nature, so we are equal. We have no right to take advantage of them. However, many animals are now being trained to work for us. Monkeys are trained as servants, dogs as hunters and sniffers, and dolphins as soldiers.Beasts should be allowed to run freely over great distances and birds, fly freely in the blue sky. When they are in nature, they are active and able to live a normal life. But when they are kept in captivity, they are bored and frustrated.If we have the right to choose our fate, so do animals. So when we force them to serve us, they have no freedom and are like slaves. What’s more, a lot of animals lose their lives when they help humans. But most humans don't care about their lives at all. As we know, life belongs to us only once and therefore is priceless, and it is also true with animals. But we show no mercy to animals when they have done so much for us. We are cold-blooded creatures and we should criticize ourselves.In brief, we should treat animals in the same way we treat other people. Give animals their freedom.Unit 7Sample 1Traveling Is WonderfulIn school we always study hard and rarely have time for play and relaxation. During our vacation, we can do what we like. Some students go swimming, watch TV, go to the cinema, etc. But all I want to do is to travel.Traveling is interesting. You can see a lot of fascinating things and you can learn about history. Three years ago, I went to Beijing. When I was in the Summer Palace, I walked through the famous Long Corridor, admiring the beautiful pictures drawn on it. In the Imperial Palace, I saw a lot of rare treasures I had never seen before. I went to theGreat Wall as well as the Ming Tombs. After visiting these famous places, I can’t help feeling proud of my great motherland.I think it is important to travel to different countries, if possible, so that you can learn about different cultures and customs. It can widen your knowledge of the world. In addition to learning new things, you can also discover the beauty of nature by yourself. When you are on the top of a mountain, you can breathe fresh air, you can see green scenery below and you can hear the sounds of nature. It is a very wonderful feeling.Now I’d like to invite you to go on a trip with me. Can you refuse?Sample 2I Enjoy TravelingI enjoy traveling. I even consider it as a part of my life. When winter vacation approaches, the question for me to ask is not whether I should travel but where I should travel.I find traveling can do me a lot of good when I look back on my trips. Traveling brings me knowledge and pleasure. It puts me in a good mood. When I go back to my studies, I work more happily.As for knowledge, traveling helps me learn a lot about local customs and it broadens my views. Three years ago, I went to the “European City”in Wuxi, wherethere are many models of European architecture. During that trip I learned something about Europe. Sometimes, traveling can bring me unexpected pleasure, too. Last year, two friends and I went to a small town near the Tai Mountain. The fact that the town had beautiful scenery and low expenses made us overjoyed.Traveling is uplifting because it is relaxing and we can get rid of our anxiety and stress during the trip. If we travel together with our friends, we can improve our friendship through the shared experience. We can also meet new people and make new friends.In the future, I plan to do more traveling.。

大学英语三的作文The Importance of Learning English。

English has become a global language and it is used widely in many countries. It is the language of international communication, business, science, and technology. Therefore, learning English is very important for people who want to communicate with others from different countries and cultures.Firstly, English is the language of international communication. It is used as a common language among people who do not speak the same native language. For example, when people from different countries meet each other, they usually use English as a means of communication. Moreover, many international organizations, such as the United Nations, use English as their official language. Therefore, if people want to communicate with others from different countries, they need to learn English.Secondly, English is the language of business. Many multinational companies use English as their working language. They require their employees to be proficient in English in order to communicate with their colleagues and clients from different countries. Moreover, many business documents, such as contracts and reports, are written in English. Therefore, if people want to work in international companies, they need to learn English.Thirdly, English is the language of science and technology. Many scientific and technological researchesare published in English. Therefore, if people want to keep up with the latest developments in science and technology, they need to be able to read and understand Englishscientific papers.In conclusion, learning English is very important for people who want to communicate with others from different countries and cultures. It is the language of international communication, business, science, and technology. Therefore, people should make an effort to learn English in order tobe able to communicate effectively with others from different countries.。