小升初英语必背70个词形词性大变换
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英语单词词性转换的基本规律.动词(v.)→名词(n.)(a)词形不变,词性改变例如:work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词(工作,学习,浇水,种植),也可以用作名词(工作,学习,水,植物).(b)一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示"某一类人"的名词例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer,jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner,visit—visitor, invent—inventor,collect—collector等. 注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r.例如:drive—driver, write—writer等.2)以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er例如:run—runner, win—winner,begin—beginner 等.(c)在动词词尾加上-ment 变成名词例如:achieve—achievement (成就)advertise—advertisement//advertising(广告)agree—agreement disgree—disagreement amuse—amusement (娱乐) improve—improvement(争吵)commit(奉献)—commitment develop—development (发展)depart—department (局,部) govern(统治)—government(政府)manage—management (管理) equip—equipment (装备)有些单词比较特殊,需把动词后的e去掉再加ment.例如:argue—argument(争论)(d)在动词词尾加上-(t)ion/(s)ion变成名词例如: attract—attraction; instruct—instruction;invent—invention discuss—discussion;express—expression educate—education;graduate—graduation; operate—operation (去e再加"ion") compete—competition; organize—organization (把e改成其他字母再加"tion")decide—decision conclude—conclusion (把de改为s再加"ion")describe—description描写,描绘(这是特例,不规则变化) (e)在动词词尾加上-ance变成名词例如: appear—appearance (外貌;出现)perform—performance (演出)accept—acceptance (接受)(f)在动词词尾加-ing变成名词(方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同)例如:meet—meeting build—building wait—waitingbathe—bathing say—saying(谚语) mean —meaningend —ending train —training wash—washing注意:以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ing如:swim—swimming shop—shopping begin—beginning(g)其他一些比较特殊的变化例如: Beg(乞讨)—beggar(乞丐) behave(行为举止)—behaviorknow(知道)—knowledge(知识) fly—flight (飞行)heat (加热)—heat(热量) hit (撞击)—hit( 轰动一时的人或物,碰撞)mix (混合)—mixture(混合物) press(按,压)—pressure(压力)sit(坐)—seat (座位) succeed—success(成功)tour—tour(旅游)/ tourist (游客)2.动词(v.)→形容词(adj.)(a)动词后面加able,以e结尾的动词则去e加able,表示具有此性质,特点或属性.例如: afford-affordable;love-lovable(b)动词后面加ed,以e结尾的动词则直接加d,表示被动性的属性或特点.例如: scatter-scattered use-used(c)不规则的动词则必须记忆,记住其过去分词形式.规律不大,意义同(b).3.名词(n.)→形容词(adj.)(a)在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)例如: rain—rainy, cloud—cloudy, wind—windy, snow—snowy, health—healthy, luck—lucky,anger—angry guilt—guilty(内疚的)tourist—touristy(游客多的) , salt (盐)—salty (咸的)silk(丝绸)—silky(丝绸般的), sleep—sleepy (昏昏欲睡的)注意:1)如果以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写辅音字母再加"-y".如: sun—sunny, fun—funny, fog—foggy(有雾的), fur—furry(毛皮的)2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e 再加"-y".如: noise—noisy, ice—icy, shine—shiny(发亮的), taste(口味)—tasty(甜的)(b)名词后面加-ed,以e结尾的直接加d.例如: spot(斑点)—spotted(有斑点的); talent—talented (有天赋的)organize—organized 有组织的; balance—balanced(平衡的)(c)一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词例如:care—careful, thank—thankful, help—helpful, use—useful, meaning—meaningful(d)在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词例如:care—careless(粗心的), use—useless(无用的)hope—hopeless(没希望的),home—homeless(无家可归的) (e)一些以-ce结尾的名词,把-ce改为-t变成形容词例如: difference—different, silence—silent, confidence—confident(f).在名词后加-ly变为形容词例如: friend—friendly, love—lovely, live---lively(g).在名词后加-ous变为形容词例如: danger—dangerous(h)名词后面加-al变为形容词例如: music—musical; medicine—medical (这个比较特殊) (i)名词后面加-able变为形容词,如果以e结尾就去e再加"-able".例如: adjust—adjustable 可调整的value—valuable有价值的(j)名词后面加-en变成形容词例如: wood—wooden 木制的wool—woolen 羊毛的(k)一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加-ese, -ish或-n构成表示国籍,语言的形容词例如:China—Chinese, Japan—Japanese, England—English,America—American, India—Indian, Australia —Australian(注意Canada—Canadian)4..形容词(adj.)→副词(adv.)▲一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词例如: quick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly, sudden—suddenly 等但是,以下几点值得注意:(a) 一些以"辅音字母+y"结尾的形容词,要把y改为i再加-ly 例如: happy—happily, angry—angrily, lucky—luckily, heavy—heavily, noisy—noisily(b) 有些以-ble或-le结尾的形容词,去掉e加-y例如:possible—possibly, terrible—terribly(c)少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加-ly例如: true—truly但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly 例如: polite—politely, wide—widely(d)以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时要在词尾加-ly,以-ll结尾的才在词尾只加-y.例如: usual—usually, careful—carefully, useful—usefullyfull—fully (以-ll结尾的才只加y)OK,以上就是英语单词词性变化的一般规律,希望对大家有所帮助PS:有些同学可能对元音辅音以及重读闭音节不是很了解,那我在这里再做下补充说明.1.英语26个字母中,a e i o u是元音字母, y是半元音字母, 其余都是辅音字母.★所谓半元音就是有时候做元音,有时候做辅音.半元音字母y做元音有: shy,sky做辅音比如最简单的:yes2.开音节和闭音节开音节分两种:绝对开音节和相对开音节绝对开音节指的是"元音字母结尾"的音节(例如we, hi等) 相对开音节是指"辅音字母-元音字母-辅音字母-不发音的e"的音节,(r除外). ( 例如,take,make等)比如:take (在这个单词中,t是辅音,a是元音,k是辅音,e是不发音的元音)◆在开音节中, 元音字母发他们在字母表中的音闭音节, 则是指"辅音字母-元音字母-辅音字母"的音节( -al 等除外) (例如:leg,cross等)◆在闭音节中,元音字母发不同的音a e i o u例sat let sit not nut (试着读下这些单词,这些单词中,元音发的音都不是它们在字母表中发的音)2.英语重读闭音节就是以辅音因素结尾的,而且是重读音节的音节.比如apple 划音节就因该是ap/ple 前面那个ap是一个音节,这个音节以辅音因素p结尾,所以就是闭音节.(仅仅能看出是闭音节,是不是重读闭音节还要看这个音节是不是重读的) 重读闭音节三要素:1. 必须是重读音节;2. 最后只有一个辅音字母;3.元音字母发短元音( 说通俗点,打个比方, /u/是短元音,/u:/是长元音)重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音.如:sit---sitting begin---beginning(重读在gin这个音节上)●像travel这个单词,"vel"也是"辅音+元音+辅音"的结构,但是重音不在vel这个音节上,所以不用双写"l",可以为travelled,也可以是traveled,更常用的是后者.英语单词词根词缀和词性转换英语中常见的后缀一、名词性后缀1,-age为抽象名词后缀,表示行为,状态和全体总称percentage百分数,百分率,voltage电压,伏特数,lavage灌洗,洗,出法,gavage管词法,curettage刮除法,shortage不足,缺少。
英语词性转换1. 名词变形容词(a)在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)例如:rain—rainy,cloud—cloudy,wind—windy,snow—snowy,health—healthy,luck—lucky,anger—angry guilt—guilty(内疚的)tourist—touristy(游客多的),salt (盐)—salty (咸的)silk(丝绸)—silky(丝绸般的),sleep—sleepy (昏昏欲睡的)注意:1)如果以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写辅音字母再加“-y”。
如:sun—sunny,fun—funny,fog—foggy(有雾的),fur—furry(毛皮的)2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加“-y”。
如:noise—noisy,ice—icy,shine—shiny(发亮的),taste(口味)—tasty(甜的)(b)名词后面加-ed,以e结尾的直接加d。
例如:spot(斑点)—spotted(有斑点的);talent—talented (有天赋的)organize—organized 有组织的;balance—balanced(平衡的)(c)一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词例如:care—careful,thank—thankful,help—helpful,use—useful,meaning—meaningful(d)在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词例如:care—careless(粗心的),use—useless(无用的)hope—hopeless(没希望的),home—homeless(无家可归的)(e)一些以-ce结尾的名词,把-ce改为-t变成形容词例如:difference—different,silence—silent,confidence—confident(f)。
英语词性的分类及变换规则英语词性的分类及变换规则词在不同的语境下,他所起的作用不样,也就是词性变化了。
英语单词有的可能词不变词性变了。
下面是店铺分享的词性分类和变换规则,希望能帮到大家!英语词性分类n .= 名词,noun的缩写v. = 动词,兼指及物动词和不及物动词,verb的缩写conj. = 连接词,conjunction的缩写s = 主词(主语)sc = 主词补语(有两种说法,一种表示主语补语=表语,一种表示一般表语属于主语补语)o = 受词 (宾语)oc = 受词补语(宾语补足语)vi. = 不及物动词,intransitive verb的缩写vt. = 及物动词,transitive verb的'缩写aux.v = 助动词,auxiliary的缩写adj. = 形容词,adjective的缩写adv. =副词,adverb的缩写art. = 冠词,article的缩写num. = 数词,numeral的缩写int. = 感叹词,interjection的缩写u. = 不可数名词,uncountable noun的缩写c. = 可数名词,countable noun的缩写plprep. = 介系词(介词);前置词,preposition的缩写pron .= 代名词(代词),pronoun的缩写. = 复数,plural的缩写英语词性变换规则一、动词变为名词的方法1.词形不变,词性改变。
例如:work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词,也可以用作名词。
2. 一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示“某一类人”的名词。
例如:work—worker, teach—teacher, sing—singer, jump—jumper, play—player, learn—learner, visit—visitor, invent—inventor等。
注意:1)以不发音的e结尾的动词,在词尾加-r。
小学英语词形转换总结第一篇:小学英语词形转换总结小学英语词形转换语法小结一、名词的复数(动词的第三人称单数形式)1、以s,x, ch, sh结尾的加es。
box—boxes, watch--watches2、以辅音加y结尾的去y变i加es。
strawberry—strawberries,3、以fe,f结尾的,把fe,f变成ve,加s。
knife—knives, wife—wives,4、一般情况加s。
boy—boys, chair--chairs5、特殊词 man—men , woman—women , foot—feet, tooth—teeth, people-people mouse—mice,二、动词变名词(直接加“er”,以字母“e”结尾的加“r”)1.teach—teacher,2.work—worker,3.swim—swimmer,4.drive—driver5.play—player6.speak—speaker7.write—writer8.run-runner三、动词变单三规律1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。
如:①stop-stops [s];make-makes [s]②read-reads [z];play-plays [z]2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如: fly-flies [z]; carry-carries [z]study-studies [z];worry-worries3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如:teach-teaches [iz];4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如:go-goes [z] do -does [z]5、还有一个特殊变化需要我们特别记住: have的单三形式为has四、小学英语动词的现在分词变化规则1.一般在词尾加“-ing”help-helping2.以不发音e结尾的词,先去e,再加“-ing”例如:live-living3 以ie结尾的动词,先将ie变为y,再加ing。
(完整版)英语词性转换大全英语词性转换1. 名词变形容词(a)在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)例如:rain—rainy,cloud—cloudy,wind—windy,snow—snowy,health—healthy,luck—lucky,anger—angry guilt—guilty (内疚的)tourist—touristy(游客多的),salt (盐)—salty (咸的)silk(丝绸)—silky(丝绸般的),sleep—sleepy (昏昏欲睡的)注意:1)如果以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写辅音字母再加“-y”。
如:sun—sunny,fun—funny,fog—foggy(有雾的),fur—furry(毛皮的)2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加“-y”。
如:noise—noisy,ice—icy,shine—shiny(发亮的),taste (口味)—tasty(甜的)(b)名词后面加-ed,以e结尾的直接加d。
例如:spot(斑点)—spotted(有斑点的);talent—talented (有天赋的)organize—organized 有组织的;balance—balanced (平衡的)(c)一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词例如:care—careful,thank—thankful,help—helpful,use—useful,meaning—meaningful(d)在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词例如:care—careless(粗心的),use—useless(无用的)hope—hopeless(没希望的),home—homeless(无家可归的)(e)一些以-ce结尾的名词,把-ce改为-t变成形容词例如:difference—different,silence—silent,confidence—confident(f)。
上海市初中英语教学基本词汇表词性转换一览表其他须掌握的词性转换1基数词与序数词下列数词应背出one → first two → second three → thirdfive → fifth eight → eighth nine → ninthtwelve → twelfth twenty → twentieth thirty → thirtiethforty-one → forty-first2形容词、副词的比较级与最高级规则small → smaller → smallest big → bigger → biggestgentle → gentler → gentlest heavy → heavier → heaviestbeautiful → more beautiful → most beautifulslowly → more slowly → most slowly不规则good/well → better → best bad/badly/ill → worse → worstfar → farther/further → farthest/furthestmuch/many → more → most little → less → leastold → older/elder → oldest/eldest3名词的复数形式规则girl → girls boy → boysbus → buses box → boxes dish → dishes watch → watches factory → factories country → countriesknife → knives scarf → scarvesGerman → Germans American → Americans不规则man → men woman → women policeman → policemenfoot → feet tooth → teethfish → fishChinese → Chinese Japanese → Japaneseman driver → men drivers woman teacher → women teachers4各人称的不同代词形式词性转换专项训练1Are you____________(ability)to complete this plan in three days?2I'm sure that you have the____________(able)to complete it in three days。
247组最常用的单词词性转换,学英语一定要掌握!1. absence n. 缺席absent a. 缺席的2. accept v. 接受acceptance n. 接受3. access n. 入口,通道accessible adj. 可进入的,可接近的4. accident n. 事故accidental(ly) adj. 偶然的/地5. accuracy n. 精确 accurate a. 精确的6. admire v. 羡慕 admirable a. 令人羡慕的 admiration n.钦佩7. admit v. 承认,准许(入场,入学,入会) admission n. 承认,准入8. advise v. 建议 advice n. 建议(不可数)9. age n. 年龄 aged a. 年迈的10. agency n. 代理机构 agent n. 代理人11. ambition n. 雄心 ambitious a. 有雄心的12. anger n. 愤怒 angry a. 愤怒的13. anxiety n. 焦虑 anxious a. 焦虑的14. appear v. 出现,看上去 appearance n. 外貌15. apply v. 申请 applicant n. 申请人 application n. 申请16. argue v.争论 argument n. 争论17. arrive v. 到达 arrival n. 到达18. assist v. 援助 assistance n. 援助 assistant n. 助手19. attract v. 吸引 attraction n. 吸引 attractive a. 有吸引力的20、bake v. 烘烤(面包) bakery n. 面包店21. balance n.平衡 balanced adj. 平衡的22. beg v. 乞求,乞讨 beggar n. 乞丐23. behave v. 表现 behaviour n. 行为24. believe v. 相信 belief n. 信条,信念25. benefit n. 利益 beneficial a. 有益的26. bleed v. 出血,流血 blood n. 血液27. brave a. 勇敢的 bravery n. 勇气28. breath n. 呼吸 breathe v. 呼吸 breathless adj. 上气不接下气的29. careless adj. carelessness n. 粗心30. casual adj. casually adv. 随意地31. caution n. cautious adj. 谨慎的32. center n. 中心 central a. 中心的33. certain a. 确定的 uncertain a. 不确定的34. cheer n. & v. 欢呼 cheerful a. 高兴的35. choice n. 选择 choose v. 选择chose 过去式 chosen 过去分词36. clear adj. 清楚的,清澈的 clarify v. 澄清37. combine v. 使联合 combination n. 联合38. companion n. 伙伴(可数) company n. 陪伴(不可数)39. compete v. 竞争 competition n. 竞争competitor n. 竞争者 competitive a.有竞争力的40. complain v. 抱怨 complaint n. 怨言,投诉41. conclude v. 总结 conclusion n. 总结42. confident a. 有信心的 confidence n. 信心43. confuse v. 使困惑,使混乱 confusion n. 混乱confused adj. 糊涂的,感到迷惑的 confusing adj. 令人迷惑的44. consider v. 考虑 considerate a. 体贴的 consideration n. 考虑45. convenient a. 方便的 convenience n. 便利46. cook v. 烹调,做饭 cook n. 炊事员,厨师47. courage n. 勇气 encourage v. 鼓励 courageous a. 勇敢的48. create v. 创造 creative a. 有创造力的 creator n. 创造者creation n. 创造 creativity n. 创造力49. crowd n. 人群crowded adj. 拥挤的50. cruel a. 残酷的cruelty n. 残酷51. culture n. 文化 cultural a. 文化的52. curious a. 好奇的 curiosity n. 好奇53. danger n. 危险 dangerous a. 危险的54. decide v. 决定 decision n. 决定55. deep a. 深的 depth n. 深度56. defend v. 防守,保卫 defence (美defense) n. 防守,保卫57. delight n. 高兴v. 使高兴 delighted adj. 感到开心的 delightful adj. 令人开心的58. describe v. 描述 description n. 描述59. determine v. 决定 determination n. 决心60. difficult a. 困难的 difficulty n. 困难61. dirt n. 污垢,泥土 dirty a. 脏的62. disability n. 残疾 disabled a. 残疾的63. discover v. 发现 discovery n. 发现64. distance n. 距离 distant a. 遥远的65. drink v. 喝 drunk a. 醉的66. eager adj. eagerness n. 渴望67. affect v. 影响 effect n. 影响68. employ v. 雇佣 employer n. 雇主 employee n. 雇员69. energy n. 精力,能量 energetic a. 精力旺盛的70. enjoy v. 欣赏;喜欢 enjoyable a. 愉快的71. enthusiasm n. 热情 enthusiastic a. 热情的72. enter v. 进入 entrance n. 入口73. equal adj. equality n. 平等74. exist v. 存在 existence n. 存在75. expand v. 扩大 expansion n. 扩大76. expect v. 预料;期待 expectation n. 预料;期待77. expense n. 花费expensive adj. 贵的78. explain v. 解释 explanation n. 解释79. explore v. 探索 exploration n. 探索 explorer n. 探险者80. express v. 表达 expression n. 表达,表情81. face n. 脸 v. 面对 facial a. 面部的82. fail v. 失败 failure n. 失败83. fair a. 公平的 unfair a. 不公平的84. fame n. 名声 famous a. 著名的85. fantastic a. 极好的,美妙的 fantasy n. 幻想86. favour n. 喜爱 v. 偏爱 favourite a. 最喜欢的87. finance n. financial adj. 金融的,财政的88. fluency n. 流利 fluent a. 流利的89. fool n. 傻子 foolish a. 愚蠢的90. fortunate a. 幸运的 unfortunate a. 不幸的 fortune n. 财产;运气91. free a. 自由的 freedom n. 自由92. freeze v. 结冰 frozen adj. 冰冻的,冻僵的 freezing adj. 极冷的93. frequent a. 频繁的 frequency n. 频率94. fright n. 惊恐 frighten v. 恐吓95. globe n. 地球仪;地球 global a. 全球的96. grow v. 生长 growth n. 生长,增长97. guide v. 指导 guidance n. 指导98. happy a. 幸福的 happiness n. 幸福99. hate v. 恨 hatred n. 恨100. honest a. 诚实的 honesty n. 诚实101. hope n. & v. 希望 hopefully ad. 有希望地102. humour n. 幽默 humorous a. 幽默的103. hunger n. 饥饿 hungry a. 饥饿的104. imagine v. 想象 imagination n. 想象力 imaginary adj. 想象中的 imaginative adj. 富有想象力的105. impress v. 给…留下印象 impression n. 印象impressed adj. 对...印象深的 impressive adj. 让人印象深刻的106. convenient adj. 方便的 inconvenient adj. 不方便的107. increase v. 增长 increasingly ad. 渐增地108. independence n. 独立 independent a. 独立的109. industry n. 工业 industrial a. 工业的110. influence n. influential adj. 有影响力的111. injure v. 损害,伤害 injury n. 受伤处112. inspire v. 鼓舞;唤起 inspiration n. 激励,灵感113. insure v. 给…保险 insurance n. 保险114. introduce v. 引进,介绍 introduction n. 引进,介绍115. invite v. 邀请 invitation n. 邀请116. journalist n. 记者 journalism n. 新闻业117. juice n. 汁、液 juicy a. 多汁的118. law n. 法律 lawyer n. 律师119. library n. 图书馆 librarian n. 图书管理员120. long adj. length n. 长度121. loss n. 丧失;损耗 lose v. 失去,丢失 lost lose的过去式、过去分词122. luck n. 运气 lucky a. 幸运的123. marry v. (使)成婚,结婚 marriage n. 婚姻124. medicine n. 药 medical a. 医学的125. memory n. 回忆,记忆 memorize v. 记住126. mistake n. 错误 v. 弄错 mistaken a. 错误的127. mix v. 混合,搅拌 mixture n. 混合物128. mother n. 母亲 motherly a. 慈母般的129. motivate v. 激发 motivation n.积极性130. mountain n. 山,山脉 mountainous a. 多山的131. mouth n. 口 mouthful n. 一口132. music n. 音乐 musical a. 音乐的 musician n. 音乐家133. mystery n. mysterious adj. 神秘的134. nation n. 民族,国家 national a. 国家的 nationality n. 国籍135. nature n. 自然 natural a. 自然的 naturally adj. 自然地136. necessary a. 必需的 necessity n.必要性,必需品 necessarily adv. 必然地137. oppose v. 反对 opposite a. 对面的138. origin n. 起源 original a. 起初的,原创的139. part n. 部分 partial n. 部分的140. patient a. 耐心的 patience n. 耐心141. perform v. 表演 performance n. 表演 performer n. 表演者142. permit v. 允许 permission n. 允许143. person n. 人 personal a. 个人的144. persuade v. 劝说 persuasion n. 劝说145. piano n. 钢琴 pianist n. 钢琴家146. please v. 使人高兴 pleasant a. 愉快的 pleasure n. 高兴,愉快147. poison n. 毒药;毒物 v. 污染,使中毒poisonous adj. 有毒的148. politics n. 政治 political adj. 政治的149. pollute v. 污染 pollution n. 污染150. poor adj. 贫穷的 poverty n. 贫穷151. popular adj. 流行的,受欢迎的 popularity n. 流行152. possess v. 拥有 possession n. 财产,所有物153. possibility n. 可能性possible a. 可能的 possibly ad. 可能地154. practice n./v. 练习,实践 practical adj. 实用的,实际的155. predict v. 预测 prediction n. 预测 (un)predictable adj. (不)可预测的156. prefer v. 更喜欢 preference n. 偏好157. prepare v. 准备 preparation n. 准备158. press v. 压,按 pressure n. 压力159. pride n. 自豪 proud a. 自豪的160. pronounce v. 发音 pronunciation n. 发音161. prove v. 证明 proof n. 证明162. punish v. 惩罚 punishment n. 惩罚163. qualify v.(使)具有资格 qualified adj. 合格的 qualification n. 资格164. real a. 真实的 reality n. 现实 realize v. 意识到,实现 realistic adj. 现实的165. reason n. 原因 reasonable a. 合理的 (un)reasonable adj.(不)合理的166. recognize v. recognition n. 认出,认可 (un)recognizable adj.(不)可识别的167. recommend v. 推荐 recommendation n. 推荐168. recover v. 恢复 recovery n. 恢复169. reduce v. 减少 reduction n. 减少170. refer v. 参考,查阅,提及 reference n. 参考,查阅171. refer v. 谈到 reference n. 提及172. refuse v. 拒绝 refusal n. 拒绝173. regret n.&v. 遗憾 regretful a. 遗憾的174. regular adj. 规则的 irregular adj. 不规则的175. relate v. 有关 relative n. 亲戚176. relax v. (使)放松 relaxation n. 放松177. rely v. 依赖 reliable a. 可靠的 reliability n. 可靠178. relieve v. 缓解 relief n. 减轻,解除179. religion n. 宗教 religious a. 宗教的180. remain v. 剩下,保持 remaining adj. 剩下的181. remind v. 提醒 reminder n. 提醒182. repeat v. 重复 repetition n. 重复183. require v. 要求 requirement n. 要求184. reserve v. 预定 reservation n. 预定185. resist v. 抵抗 resistance n. 抵抗186. respond v. 回应 response n. 回应187. responsible a. 负责的 responsibility n. 责任 irresponsible adj. 不负责任的188. retire v. 退休 retirement n. 退休189. revise v. 复习 revision n. 复习190. reward v. 报答,给...报酬 rewarding adj. 有回报的191. rob v. 抢夺,抢劫 robber n. 抢劫者 robbery n. 抢劫192. safe a. 安全的 n. 保险柜 safety n. 安全193. satisfy v. 满足 satisfaction n. 满意 satisfied adj. 感到满意的satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人满意的194. scholar n. 学者 scholarship n. 奖学金195. scientist n. 科学家 scientific a. 科学的196. season n. 季;季节 seasonal a. 季节的197. secure a. 安全的 security n. 安全198. self n. 自己 selfish a. 自私的 selfless adj. 无私的199. serve v. 服务 service n. 服务200. settle v. 安家,定居 settlement n. 定居地201. shame n. 羞耻,羞愧 ashamed adj. 感到惭愧的 shameful adj. 可耻的202. sharp a. 锋利的,尖的 sharpen v. 削尖203. sign v. 签名 signature n. 签名204. similar a. 相似的 similarity n. 相似205. simple a. 简单的 simply ad. 简单地 simplify v. 简化206. smell v. 闻 smelly a. 有臭味的207. social a. 社会的;社交的 society n. 社会208. sorry a. 难过的 sorrow n. 悲伤,悲痛209. special a. 特别的,专门的 specialist n. 专家210. spirit n. 精神 spiritual a. 精神的211. starve v. 挨饿starvation n. 饥饿212. state v. 陈述 statement n. 陈述213. store v. 存储 storage n. 储存214. strength n. 力量,力气 strengthen v. 加强 strong a. 强壮的,强大的215. stress n. 压力,强调,重读v. 使紧张,重读,强调stressed adj. 感到压力大的 stressful adj. 令人有压力的216. succeed v. 成功 success n. 成功 successful a. 成功的217. suit v. 适合 suitable a. 合适的218. survive v. 存活 survival n. 存活 survivor n. 幸存者219. sympathy n. 同情 sympathetic a. 同情的220. system n. 体系;系统 systematic a. 系统的221. taste v. 品尝 n. 品味 tasteless a. 无滋味的 tasty a. 味道好的222. technical a. 技术的 technique n. 技术223. terrify v. 使人感到恐怖 terrible a. 可怕的 terror n. 恐怖224. thank v. 感谢 thankful a. 感谢的,感激的225. theft n. 盗窃 thief n. 窃贼226. thirst n. 口渴 thirsty a. 口渴的227. thought n. 思想 thoughtful a. 沉思的,考虑周到的228. tolerate v. 容忍 tolerance n. 容忍 tolerant adj. 宽容的229. tour n. 旅行 tourism n. 旅游业 tourist n. 旅行者230. tradition n. 传统 traditional a. 传统的231. translate v. 翻译 translation n. 翻译 translator n. 译者232. treat v. 对待 treatment n. 对待233. true a. 真实的 truly ad. 真实地 truth n. 真理,事实234. urge v. 敦促 urgent a. 紧急的235. value n. 价值 valuable a. 有价值的 valueless adj. 没用的236. vary v. 变化 variety n. 种类 various a. 各种各样的237. warm a. 温暖的 warmth n. 温暖238. weak a. 弱的 weakness n. 弱点,软弱239. wealth n. 财富 wealthy a. 富的240. week n. 星期,周 weekly a. 每周的241. weigh v. 称……的重量 weight n. 重量242. wide a. 宽阔的 width n. 宽度243. willing a. 愿意的 unwilling a. 不情愿的244. wise a. 聪明的 wisdom n. 智慧245. wood n. 木头 wooden a. 木制的246. write v. 写 writing 现在分词 written 过去分词247. young a. 年轻的 youth n. 青春;青年。
动词变名词1.v+ ment 结尾achieve---achievement 成就advertise--- advertisement// advertisingagree—(in )agreementapartment 公寓amusement 娱乐argue---argument争吵commit奉献—commitmentcompliment 称赞,恭维develop---developmentdisgree—disagreementdepartment 局,部experiment 实验,试验equip 装备---equipment 装备,器材govern 统治—government 政府manage---management 经营管理2.V+ tion 结尾attract吸引—attraction 有吸引力的事或人;令人向往的地方conclude—conclusion 结论compete—competition 竞争,比赛discuss—discussion 讨论educate-----educationdecide----decisiondescribe—description描写,描绘express 表达----expression 词语;表达方式graduate 毕业—graduationoperate 操作,动手术—operationorganize----organizationinstruct—instruction 指导,介绍invent—inventor / inventioninvite—invitationinspire---inspiration 灵感,鼓舞人心的---pollute----pollution 污染predict---prediction 预言pronounce ---pronunciationresolve 决心-----resolution 决心permit 允许-----permissionsuggest-建议,暗示--suggestionsolve解决-----solution 解决方法3.V+ ance 结尾appear—appearance 外貌,出现perform----performance 演出4.V+ ing 结尾bathe 洗澡---bathingend 结束----ending 结尾,结局train 训练---trainingmean ---- meaning 意义say-----saying 谚语5.V+ 其他Beg(乞讨)—beggar 乞丐behave 行为,举止----behaviorknow---knowledgefly—flight 飞行heat 加热---heat 热量hit 撞击------hit 轰动一时的人或物,碰撞mix 混合-----mixture 混合物press 按,压—pressure 压力sit-----seat 座位succeed-- successtour 在-----旅游,在-----作巡回演出直接+地点tour China ---tour 旅游/ tourist 游客名词变形容词1名词+yAnger 生气-----angryhunger---hungryfog—foggy有雾的fur----furry 毛皮的guilt 罪恶---guilty 内疚的health---healthyluck---luckycloud---cloudywind—windyrain---rainysnow---snowysun—sunnytourist------touristy 游客多的salt 盐--- salty 咸的shine---shiny 发亮的silk 丝绸—silky 丝绸般的sleep---sleepy 昏昏欲睡的taste 口味,品味------tasty 甜的2.名词+ edbalance –balanced 平衡的spot 斑点,地点----spotted 有斑点的talent-----talented 有天赋的organized 有组织的distusted 厌恶的offended 生气的crowded 拥挤的polluted 被污染的pleased 高兴的3.名词+ ful/less meaning—meaningful 有意义的care—careful/ careless 小心的;粗心的help---helpful / helpless home—homeless 无家可归的colour---colourfulpain 疼痛---painful 痛苦的use---useless/ usefulthank—thankful 充满感激的peace 和平---- peaceful 平静的,宁静的playful 顽皮的,爱玩耍的4.名词+ ableadjustable 可调整的comfort---comfortableknowledge---knowledgeablesuit 一套-----suitable 合适的5.名词+ ousenormous 巨大的danger—dangerousmystery 神秘-----mysterious 神秘的6.ce 变tconfidence----confidentdifference---different7. al 结尾medicine 药----medical 医学的music---musicalnature---natural 自然的person---personal (nation—national 国家的私人的) education---educational有教育意义的tradition----traditional 传统的origin起源---original 新颖的;独创的8.名词+ lyfriend—friendlylive---lively 活跃的,有生气的love—lovely 可爱的9.+ en 结尾wood—wooden 木制的wool—woolen 羊毛的10. 其他energy精力---energeticfool 傻子—foolish 愚蠢的freedom 自由—free 空的,免费的height 高度—highillness 疾病--- illlove—loving 慈爱的death---deadpleasure---pleasant / pleasedpopularity 流行性—popularpride---proudscientist----scientific 科学的方位的词表达名词—形容词East—easternWest—westernSouth—southernNorth---northernIn the west of ChinaIn the western part of China四大洲名词-----形容词Asia 亚洲–---- AsianAfrica 非洲----- AfricanEurope欧洲----- EuropeanAmerica 美洲-----American形容词变副词1.形容词+ lybad—badlybright—brightly 明亮地casual—casually 随意地clear—clearly 清楚地complete—completely 完全correct---correctly 正确地final--finallyfortunate—fortunately幸运地general—generally 一般来讲loud—loudlyparticular 特殊的,独特的—particularly polite—politelyproper 合适的-,恰当的---properly main------mainly 主要地most 多数-----mostly 多半,大多数normal---normally 正常地quick—quicklyquiet—quietly 轻轻地,安静地real—reallyrecent 最近的----recently 最近;近来hard 难的;努力地---hardly 几乎不late 迟的—lately 最近;近来slow---slowlyspecial—specially 专门,特殊地specific---specifically 特定地,明确地strong—strongly 坚决地,强烈地sudden—suddenly突然usual—usually2. 以le 结尾的去e + ycomfortable---comfortablygentle—gentlypossible---possiblysimple ----simply 仅仅;只;简单地terrible---terribly3. 辅音字母+ y 变ilyeasy—easilyheavy—heavilyhappy--happily4.特殊good—well好地well 身体健康的,井true—truly名词---形容词—副词beauty 美,美人—beautiful—beautifully care—careful—carefully care—careless—carelesslydifference---different---differently happiness—happy—happily hunger—hungry--hungrily health—healthy—healthily luck—lucky—luckilynoise—noisy—noisily pride—proud—proudly骄傲地sadness—sad—sadlysafety 安全;安全的地方—safe—safely silence—silent---silently 默默地success—successful—successfully truth—true—truly unluck—unlucky—unluckilywonder 奇迹—wonderful—wonderfully既是形容词又是副词early get up early ;an early trainlate be late for classcome late for schooldeep dive deep into the seaa hole deep largehigh jump high;a high mountainhard a hard question;a hard stonework hard / study hardrain hardlong It takes too longIt takes a long timefar jump farMy home is far from school straight a straight linego straight along here。
初中英语词性变化英语构词法(转)掌握英语构词法是高中学生应该具备的一项基本技能。
它对于帮助学生扩大词汇量,准确地推测文章中词汇的含义具有非常重要的意义。
现就英语中常见的三种构词法加以总结说明。
一. 转化:指由一种词性转化为另一种词性的构词形式。
1. 名词转化为动词:book (n 书— v 预定);seat (n 座位— v 使就位;落座);water (n 水— v 浇水);shoulder (n 肩膀— v 负责任)2. 动词转化为名词:try (v 尝试— n 尝试);look (v 看— n 表情);swim (v 游泳— n 游泳);dream (v 做梦— n 梦)3. 形容词转化为动词:dirty (adj 脏的— v 弄脏);slow (adj 慢的— v 放慢;减慢);right (adj 正确的— v 纠正);dry (adj 干的— v 变干);free (adj 自由的— v 解放;使自由);wrong (adj 错误的— v 弄错;受委屈)4. 形容词转化为名词:dear (adj 昂贵的— n 喜欢的人/ 物);quiet (adj 寂静的— n 寂静);total (adj 全部的— n 总数)5. 其它词类的转化情况:Our classroom faces south. (south:n 南方;南面— adv 向南;朝南)6. 当英语词汇转化时,转化后的词的读音常有变化。
二. 合成:指由两个或两个以上本身有独立含义的词合在一起组成一个有具体意义的新词的构词形式。
1. 合成形容词的常见构词形式:⑴数词+ 名词a five - year plan (五年计划);first-class products (一级品);second-hand goods (二手货);a four-word (四字成语)⑵数词+ 名词+eda three - legged bench (三条腿的登子);a one - eyed camel (一只眼的骆驼)⑶数词+ 名词+ 形容词a 20-year-old lady (一位20 岁的女士);a 1,000-metre-long bridge (一座1000 米长的桥)⑷名词+ 现在分词peace-loving (热爱和平的);meat-eating (食肉的);English-speaking (说英语的);history-making (创造历史的)⑸名词+ 过去分词heart-broken (伤心的);man-made (人造的);state-owned (国有的);water-covered (被水覆盖的)⑹形容词+ 名词+edabsent-minded (漫不经心的);blue-eyed (蓝眼睛的);good-tempered (好脾气的);kind-hearted (和善的)⑺形容词+ 现在分词bad-looking (相貌丑陋的);fine-sounding (动听的);easy-going (容易相处的)⑻形容词+ 名词short-term (短期的);part-time (兼职的);high-class (高级的);large-scale (大规模的)⑼副词+ 现在分词hard-working (努力工作的);far-reaching (深远的);ever-lasting (永恒的)⑽副词+ 过去分词well-developed (高度发达的);well-known (著名的);well-trained (训练有素的)⑾其他构词形式的合成形容词all-round (全面的);face-to-face (面对面的);thank-you (感谢的);out-of-date (过时的)2. 合成名词的常见构成形式:①名词+ 名词silkworm (蚕);footprint (脚印);newspaper (报纸);glasshouse (温室);bedroom (卧室)②名词+ 动名词handwriting (书法);sun-bathing (日光浴);sight-seeing (观光)③形容词+ 名词shorthand (速记);hotline (热线);blackboard (黑板)④动名词+ 名词waiting-room (候车室);sleeping-pill (安眠药);writing-desk (写字台);reading-room (阅览室)⑤动词+ 名词pickpocket (扒手);post office (邮局);playground (操场);break-water (防波堤)⑥动词+ 副词get-together (联欢会);break-through (突破);take-off (起飞);lookout (岗哨)⑦副词+ 动词downfall (垮台);overthrow (推翻);outbreak (爆发);income (收入;所得)⑧其他构成形式的合成名词well-being (福利);good-for-nothing (无用之人);by-product (副产品);touch-me-not (含羞草);self-improvement (自我完善);self-criticism (自我批评)注意:合成词如果出现复数形式时通常在其后加-s 或-es ,如by-products,reading-rooms,但应特别注意:passers-by,lookers-on 等词语是在其表达该词中心含义的词上加-s 或-es .3. 合成动词及其他合成词类:overthrow (推翻);sleep-walk (梦游);undergo (经历);everything (一切);furthermore (而且);forever (永远);maybe (也许)三. 派生:指由一个词根加上前缀和(或)后缀构成另一个词的构词形式。
小升初英语知识点词性归纳一、名词(Noun)名词是指表示人、事物、地方、事件等名称的词,可分为以下几类:1. 个体名词(Proper Noun):表示特定的人、地点或组织的名字,例如:China(中国)、John(约翰)。
2. 普通名词(Common Noun):泛指某一类事物的名称,例如:cat(猫)、table(桌子)。
3. 物质名词(Material Noun):表示物质或材料的名词,例如:water(水)、gold(黄金)。
4. 抽象名词(Abstract Noun):表示抽象概念的名词,例如:love(爱)、happiness (幸福)。
二、代词(Pronoun)代词是用来代替名词的词,可分为以下几类:1. 人称代词(Personal Pronoun):表示人的称呼,例如:I(我)、you(你)。
2. 物主代词(Possessive Pronoun):表示所有关系的代词,例如:mine(我的)、yours(你的)。
3. 反身代词(Reflexive Pronoun):表示动作反射到自身的代词,例如:myself(我自己)、herself(她自己)。
4. 指示代词(Demonstrative Pronoun):表示指示或引导的代词,例如:this(这个)、that(那个)。
5. 疑问代词(Interrogative Pronoun):用于提问的代词,例如:who(谁)、what(什么)。
6. 相互代词(Reciprocal Pronoun):表示相互关系的代词,例如:each other(彼此)、one another(相互)。
三、动词(Verb)动词是表示动作或状态的词,可分为以下几类:1. 实义动词(Lexical Verb):具有实际意义的动词,例如:run(跑)、eat(吃)。
2. 助动词(Auxiliary Verb):用来构成时态、语态或情态的动词,例如:be(是)、do(做)。
小升初英语词性转换汇总动词变名词1. v+ ment 结尾achieve ——achievement 成就advertise ——advertisement 广告agree ——agreement 同意amuse——amusement 娱乐commit ——commitment 奉献develop ——development 发展disagree ——disagreement 不赞同equip 装备——equipment 装备,器材govern 统治——government 政府manage——management 经营,管理argue ——argument 争吵2. V+ ion 结尾attract ——attraction 吸引discuss ——discussion 讨论express ——-expression 词语;表达instruct ——instruction 指导,介绍invent——invention 发明predict ——prediction 预言impress ——impression 印象suggest ——suggestion 建议,暗示educate ——education 教育graduate ——graduation 毕业operate ——operation 操作,动手术illustrate ——illustration 阐明,举例说明pollute ——pollution 污染introduce ——introduction 介绍organize ——organization组织imagine ——imagination 想象力inspire——inspiration 灵感,鼓舞人心的invite ——invitation 邀请compete ——competition 竞争,比赛pronounce ——pronunciation发音admit ——admission 承认permit ——permission 允许conclude ——conclusion 结论decide ——decision 决定describe ——description描写,描绘resolve ——resolution 决心solve ——solution 解决方法3.V+ ance 结尾allow ——allowance 允许appear ——appearance 外貌,出现perform ——performance 演出exist ——existance 存在4.V+ ing 结尾end ——ending 结尾,结局train ——training训练mean ——meaning 意义say——saying 谚语remind ——reminding提醒bathe ——bathing沐浴5. 词尾加-er或-or后变成表示“某一类人”的名词work——worker 工人teach——teacher老师sing——singer 歌手jump——jumper跳高运动员play——player表演者、运动员learn——learner 学习者visit——visitor访问者invent——inventor发明家6.V+ 其他beg——beggar 乞丐sit——seat 座位believe ——belief 信仰behave ——behavior 行为know——knowledge 知识fly——flight 飞行mix ——mixture 混合物press ——pressure 压力serve ——service 服务succeed ——success 成功pursue ——pursuit 追求,从事propose ——proposal 建议withdraw ——withdrawal 取钱;收回;撤退survive ——survival--survivor 幸存者arrive ——arrival到达analyze ——analysis 分析形容词变名词1. 词尾ent改为ency或ence efficient有效率的——efficiency 效率patient——patience/impatience 耐性/无耐心dependent——dependence依赖性independent——independency 独立性urgent——urgency 紧急2. ble结尾,ble改为bility possible——possibility 可能responsible——responsibility 责任;职责3. 其他accurate——accuracy 准确性prosperous——prosperity 繁荣true——truth 真相wide——width 宽度long——length 长度high——height 高度名词/动词变形容词1. 名词+yhonest ——honesty 诚实的guilt 罪恶——guilty 内疚的health——healthy 健康的luck——lucky 幸运的cloud——cloudy 多云的wind—windy 多风的rain——rainy 多雨的snow——snowy 多雪的tourist ——touristy 游客多的er结尾,改er为ryhunger——hungry 饥饿的anger ——angry 生气的fog——foggy 有雾的sun——sunny 阳光灿烂的fur——furry 毛皮的shine——shiny 发亮的taste ——tasty 美味的2. 名词/动词+ ed以辅音+辅音结尾的单词,直接加edtalent ——talented 有天赋的offend ——offended 生气的crowd ——crowded 拥挤的以元音字母e结尾的单词直接加dbalance ——balanced 平衡的organize——organized 有组织的pollute ——polluted 被污染的please ——pleased 高兴的元音加辅音结尾的单词,词尾辅音双写再加ed spot ——spotted 有斑点的3.名词+ ful/lesscare ——careful/ careless 小心的/ 粗心的help——helpful / helpless 有帮助的/ 无助的use——useful/ useless有用的/ 无用的meaning ——meaningful / meaningless有意义的/无意义的colour——colourful /colourless多彩的/无色的pain 疼痛——painful /painless痛苦的/ 不痛的thank——thankful / thankless 充满感激的/ 不知感恩的peace 和平——peaceful 和平的play游戏——playful 爱玩耍的home ——homeless 无家可归的4.名词/动词+ ablechange ——changeable 易变的adjust——adjustable 可调整的comfort——comfortable 舒适的knowledge——knowledgeable 知识渊博的suit ——suitable 合适的动词以辅音加y结尾把y变i 加able ,deny——deniable 可否认的rely——reliable 可靠的5. 名词+ ouscourage——courageous 勇敢的danger——dangerous 危险的以y结尾,改y为i再加ousmystery 神秘——mysterious 神秘的6. ce 变tconfidence——confident 自信的difference——different 不同的dependence ——dependent 依赖他人的independence——independent 独立的7. 词尾加aladdition——additional 附加的,额外的music——musical 音乐的person——personal (私人的) nation——national 国家的education——educational有教育意义的tradition——traditional 传统的origin起源——original 新颖的;独创的以元音字母结尾的单词,去掉词尾元音加al nature——natural 自然的globe——global 全球的特例:class——classical 经典的medicine 药——medical 医学的grammar——grammatical 语法的8.名词+ lyfriend——friendly 友好的live——lively 活跃的,有生气的love——lovely 可爱的week——weekly 每周的man——manly 男子气概的;强壮的9. 词尾+ enwood——wooden 木制的wool——woolen 羊毛的10. 表示方位的词East——eastern West——western South——southern North——northern11. 四大洲Asia 亚洲——AsianAfrica 非洲——AfricanEurope欧洲——EuropeanAmerica 美洲——American12. 其他energy精力——energetic 精力充沛的strategy——strategic 战略的scientist——scientific 科学的fool 傻子——foolish 愚蠢的love——loving 慈爱的pleasure——pleasant令人愉快的/ pleased高兴的pride——proud 自豪的形容词变动词1. 词尾加ize modern——modernize 使...现代化social——socialize 使...社会化2. 词尾加enfast——fasten 使固定;集中于short——shorten 缩短wide——widen 放宽less——lessen 使...减少特例(有变形):long——lengthen 使延长strong ——strengthen 加强;巩固3. 词前加enlarge ——enlarge 扩大;放大形容词变副词1.形容词+ lybad——badly 坏地bright——brightly 明亮地casual——casually 随意地clear——clearly 清楚地complete——completely 完全correct——correctly 正确地final——finally 最后fortunate——fortunately幸运地general——generally 一般来讲loud——loudly 大声地particular ——particularly特别地polite——politely 礼貌地proper ——properly适当地main——mainly 主要地most ——mostly 多半,大多数normal——normally 正常地quick——quickly 迅速地quiet——quietly 轻轻地,安静地real——really 真正地recent ——recently 最近;近来sad——sadly 悲哀地slow——slowly 缓慢地special——specially 专门,特殊地specific——specifically 特定地,明确地strong——strongly 坚决地,强烈地sudden——suddenly突然usual——usually 通常2. 以le 结尾的,去e + y comfortable——comfortably 舒服地gentle——gently 温柔地possible——possibly 可能地simple——simply 仅仅;只;简单地terrible——terribly 非常;极度地3. 辅音字母+ y 变y为ily easy——easily 容易地heavy——heavily 沉重地happy——happily 快乐地4. 特殊good——well好地true——truly 真实地。
英语词性转换1. 名词变形容词(a)在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)例如:rain—rainy,cloud—cloudy,wind—windy,snow—snowy,health—healthy,luck—lucky,anger—angry guilt—guilty(内疚的)tourist—touristy(游客多的),salt (盐)—salty (咸的)silk(丝绸)—silky(丝绸般的),sleep—sleepy (昏昏欲睡的)注意:1)如果以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写辅音字母再加“-y”。
如:sun—sunny,fun—funny,fog—foggy(有雾的),fur—furry(毛皮的)2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加“-y”。
如:noise—noisy,ice—icy,shine—shiny(发亮的),taste(口味)—tasty(甜的)(b)名词后面加-ed,以e结尾的直接加d。
例如:spot(斑点)—spotted(有斑点的);talent—talented (有天赋的)organize—organized 有组织的;balance—balanced(平衡的)(c)一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词例如:care—careful,thank—thankful,help—helpful,use—useful,meaning—meaningful(d)在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词例如:care—careless(粗心的),use—useless(无用的)hope—hopeless(没希望的),home—homeless(无家可归的)(e)一些以-ce结尾的名词,把-ce改为-t变成形容词例如:difference—different,silence—silent,confidence—confident(f)。
初中英语词性转换归纳汇总—故得新教育(覃苗苗)词汇是英语学习的基础,初中英语对单词的考查不仅仅局限于单词的拼写,更强调的是单词不同词性的灵活转换与运用,也就是同学们在平时做练习或考试中经常遇到的一种题型——词性转换。
今天,就为大家整理了初中英语词形转换全汇总,快收藏起来慢慢看~1动词变名词1.v+ ment 结尾achieve --- achievement 成就advertise --- advertisement 广告agree --- agreement 同意apartment 公寓amusement 娱乐argue --- argument 争吵commit --- commitment 奉献compliment 称赞,恭维develop --- development 发展disgree --- disagreement 不赞同department 局,部experiment 实验,试验equip 装备 --- equipment 装备,器材govern 统治 --- government 政府manage---management 经营管理2.V+ tion 结尾admit --- admission 承认attract --- attraction 吸引conclude --- conclusion 结论compete --- competition 竞争,比赛discuss --- discussion 讨论educate --- education 教育decide --- decision 决定describe --- deion描写,描绘express ----expression 词语;表达graduate --- graduation 毕业operate --- operation 操作,动手术organize ---organizationimagine --- imagination 想象力introduce ---introduction 介绍instruct --- instruction 指导,介绍invent--- inventor / invention 发明illustrate --- illustration 阐明,举例说明invite --- invitation 邀请inspire---inspiration 灵感,鼓舞人心的pollute --- pollution 污染predict ---prediction 预言pronounce ---pronunciationresolve --- resolution 决心impress --- impression 印象permit --- permission 允许suggest ---suggestion 建议,暗示solve ---solution 解决方法3.V+ ance 结尾allow --- allowance 允许appear --- appearance 外貌,出现perform --- performance 演出exist --- existance 存在4.V+ ing 结尾bathe 洗澡 ---bathingend 结束 --- ending 结尾,结局train 训练---trainingmean ---- meaning 意义say--- saying 谚语remind --- reminding提醒5.V+ 其他beg(乞讨)---beggar 乞丐sit---seat 座位employ- --employer 雇主,老板 ---employee雇员believe --- belief 信仰behave 行为,举止--- behavior 行为know--- knowledge 知识fly--- flight 飞行heat 加热---heat 热量hit 撞击 --- hit 轰动一时的人或物mix 混合 --- mixture 混合物press 按,压 --- pressure 压力receive --- receptionist 接待员serve --- service 服务succeed ---success 成功tour 在...旅游,在...作巡回演出直接+地点 tour China ---tour 旅游/ tourist 游客pursue --- pursuit 追求,从事propose --- proposal 建议withdraw --- withdrawal 取钱;收回;撤退survive --- survival--survivor 幸存者arrive --- arrival到达analyze --- analysis 分析2名词/动词变形容词1名词+yanger --- angry 生气的honest --- honesty 诚实的hunger---hungry 饥饿的fog--- foggy 有雾的fur--- furry 毛皮的guilt 罪恶---guilty 内疚的health---healthy 健康的luck---lucky 幸运的cloud---cloudy 多云的wind—windy 多风的rain---rainy 多雨的snow---snowy 多雪的sun--- sunny 阳关灿烂的tourist --- touristy 游客多的business---busy 忙碌的salt 盐--- salty 咸的shine---shiny 发亮的silk 丝绸 ---silky 丝绸般的sleep--- sleepy 昏昏欲睡的taste 口味,品味--- tasty 甜的fish---fishy 怀疑的2.名词/动词+ edbalance --- balanced 平衡的spot 斑点,地点 --- spotted 有斑点的talent --- talented 有天赋的organize ---organized 有组织的distust ---distusted 厌恶的offend ---offended 生气的crowd ---crowded 拥挤的pollute ---polluted 被污染的please ---pleased 高兴的3.名词+ ful/lessmeaning --- meaningful 有意义的care --- careful/ careless 小心的;粗心的help--- helpful / helplesshome --- homeless 无家可归的colour--- colourful 多彩的pain 疼痛 ---painful 痛苦的use--- useless/ useful 有用的thank--- thankful 充满感激的peace 和平 --- peaceful 平静的,宁静的play --- playful 顽皮的,爱玩耍的4.名词/动词+ able还有一般以e 结尾的词,去e 加able,change --- changeable 易变的动词以辅音加y结尾把y变i 加able ,deny--- deniable 可否认的rely--- reliable 可靠的adjust---adjustable 可调整的comfort---comfortable 舒适的knowledge---knowledgeable 知识渊博的suit 一套---suitable 合适的5.名词+ ouscourage---courageous 勇敢的danger--- dangerous 危险的mystery 神秘--- mysterious 神秘的6.ce 变 tconfidence--- confident 自信的difference---different 不同的dependence --- dependent 依赖他人的independence--- independent 独立的7. al 结尾addition--- additional 附加的,额外的class--- classical 经典的medicine 药---medical 医学的music--- musical 音乐的nature---natural 自然的person---personal (私人的)nation--- national 国家的education---educational有教育意义的tradition--- traditional 传统的origin起源---original 新颖的;独创的grammar--- grammatical 语法的globe--- global 全球的8.名词+ lyfriend--- friendly 友好的live---lively 活跃的,有生气的love---lovely 可爱的week---weekly 每周的man---manly 男子气概的;强壮的9.+ en 结尾wood--- wooden 木制的wool--- woolen 羊毛的10. 其他energy精力---energetic 精力充沛的strategy---strategic 战略的fool 傻子---foolish 愚蠢的freedom 自由---free 空的,免费的height 高度---high 高的illness 疾病--- ill 生病的love---loving 慈爱的death---dead 死亡的pleasure---pleasant / pleasedpopularity 流行性---popularpride---proud 自豪的scientist---scientific 科学的3形容词变副词1.形容词+ lybad---badly 坏地bright---brightly 明亮地casual---casually 随意地clear---clearly 清楚地complete---completely 完全correct---correctly 正确地final---finally 最后fortunate---fortunately幸运地general---generally 一般来讲loud---loudly 大声地particular 特殊的,独特的---particularly polite---politely 礼貌地proper 合适的,恰当的---properlymain---mainly 主要地most 多数---mostly 多半,大多数normal---normally 正常地quick---quickly 迅速地quiet---quietly 轻轻地,安静地real---really 真正地recent 最近的---recently 最近;近来hard 难的;努力地---hardly 几乎不late 迟的---lately 最近;近来sad---sadly 悲哀地slow---slowly 缓慢地special---specially 专门,特殊地specific---specifically 特定地,明确地strong---strongly 坚决地,强烈地sudden---suddenly突然usual---usually 通常2. 以le 结尾的去e + ycomfortable---comfortably 舒服地gentle---gently 温柔地simple---simply 仅仅;只;简单地terrible---terribly 非常;极度地3. 辅音字母+ y 变 ilyeasy---easily 容易地heavy---heavily 沉重地happy---happily 快乐地4.特殊good---well好地 well 身体健康的true---truly 真实地4形容词变名词efficient有效率的---efficiency 效率patient---patience/impatience 耐性/无耐心dependent---dependenc依赖性independent---independency 独立性true---truth 真相high---height 高度wide---width 宽度long---length 长度responsible---responsibility 责任;职责urgent---urgency 紧急prosperous---prosperity 繁荣accurate---accuracy 准确性5形容词变动词modern---modernize 使...现代化social---socialize 使...社会化fast---fasten 使固定;集中于short--- shorten 缩短long---lengthen 使延长wide---widen 放宽less---lessen 使...减少strong ---strengthen 加强;巩固large --- enlarge 扩大;放大6名词---形容词—副词beauty 美,人---beautiful--- beautifully care---careful---carefullycare---careless---carelesslydifference---different---differentlyfortune---fortunate---fortunately/unfortunately happiness---happy---happilyhunger---hungry---hungrilyhealth---healthy---healthilyluck---lucky---luckilynoise---noisy---noisilypride---proud---proudly骄傲地sadnes---sad---sadlysafety 安全;安全的地方---safe---safelysilence---silent---silently 默默地success---successful---successfullytruth---true---trulyunluck---unlucky---unluckilywonder 奇迹---wonderful---wonderfully7方位的词名词—形容词East---easternWest---westernSouth---southernNorth---northernIn the west of ChinaIn the western part of China8四大洲名词-----形容词Asia 亚洲--- AsianAfrica 非洲---AfricanEurope欧洲--- EuropeanAmerica 美洲---American9既是形容词又是副词early:get up early;an early trainlate:be late for class;come late for school deep:dive deep into the sea ;a hole deep large high:jump high;a high mountainhard:a hard question;a hard stone ;work hard / study hard rain hardlong:It takes too long;It takes a long time far:jump far;My home is far from school。
小升初英语语法复习要点不规则动词变化表不规则动词变化表词义现在(原形)过去-ing形(动名词)是am (be) was being是are (be) were being是be was, were being成为become became becoming开始begin began beginning弯曲bend bent bending吹blow blew blowing买buy bought buying能can could --------捕捉catch caught catching选择choose chose choosing来come came coming切cut cut cutting做do, does did doing画draw drew drawing饮drink drank drinking吃eat ate eating感觉feel felt feeling发现find found finding飞fly flew flying得到get got getting给give gave giving走go went going成长grow grew growing有have, has had having听hear heard hearing受伤hurt hurt hurting保持keep kept keeping知道know knew knowing学习learn learned, learnt learning允许,让let let letting躺lie lay lying制造make made making可以may might -----意味mean meant meaning会见meet met meeting必须must must -----放置put put putting读read read reading骑、乘ride rode riding跑run ran running说say said saying看见see saw seeing将shall should -----唱歌sing sang singing补充:缩略形式写出下列词的完全形式can’t_________I’d_________aren’t________they’re____let’s_________wasn’t_______that’s________don’t_____when’s_______didn’t________you’re_______doesn’t___坐下sit sat sitting睡觉sleep slept sleeping说speak spoke speaking度过spend spent spendinghe’s________she’s________I’m_______isn’t_________I’ve________shouldn’t_______I’ll_________who’s______小升初英语语法复习要点讲解和练习代词人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别:主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前(有时候位于than之后),宾格大凡位于动词或介词之后。
初中英语词汇记忆——词形变化总览●名词—形容词●health—health y luck—luck y salt—salt y sleep—sleep y●cloud—cloud y rain—rain y snow—snow y wind—wind y●fog—fog gy sun—sun ny fun—fun ny friend—friend ly love—love ly●week—week ly gold—gold en wood—wood en wool—wool en●west—west ern east—east ern north—north ern south—south ern●education—education al tradition—tradition al music—music al●person—person al use—use ful—use less fashion—fashion able●fool—fool ish danger—danger ous humour—humor ous●America—America n Japan—Japan ese delight—delight ful●peace—peace ful power—power ful success—success ful●wonder—wonder ful end—end less home—home less●noise—noise less life—life less care—care ful—care less●cheer—cheer ful—cheer less colour—colour ful—colour less●harm—harm ful—harm less help—help ful—help less● hope—hope ful—hope less meaning—meaning ful—meaning less●tast e—tast y shin e—shin y nois e—nois y natur e—natu ral●cultu re—cultu ral valu e—valu able practi ce—practi cal●medi cine—medi cal physi cs—physi cal energ y—energ etic●Brit ain—Brit ish Engl and—Engl ish Fr a nc e—Fr e nc h●Chin a—Chin ese beaut y—beaut iful cent re—cent ral●动词—形容词●frighten—frighten ed—frighten ing interest—interest ed—interest ing●relax—relax ed—relax ing disturb—disturb ed—disturb ing●sleep—a sleep—sleep ing organize—organize d●embarrass—embarrass ed scare—scare d follow—folow ing●wake—a wake act—act ive satisf y—satisf ied—satisfy ing●worr y—worr ied—worry ing amaz e—amaze d—amaz ing●bor e—bore d—bor ing excit e—excite d—excit ing●surpris e—surprise d—surpris ing tir e—tire d—tir ing●liv e—a live—liv ing d ie—d ead creat e—creat ive com e—com ing smil e—smil ing ●形容词—副词●brave—brave ly certain—certain ly exact—exact ly polite—polite ly●special—specia ly especial—especial ly sure—sure ly wide—wide ly●safe—safe ly proper—proper ly important—important ly●immediate—immediate ly perfect—perfect ly bright—bright ly●calm—calm ly clear—clearl y correct—correct ly deep—deep ly●diferent—different ly excited—excited ly final—final ly free—free ly●loud—loud ly neat—neat ly pleasant—pleasant ly quiet—quiet ly●quick—quick ly real—real ly recent—recent ly regular—regular ly●sad—sad ly separate—separate ly serious—serious ly slow—slow ly●soft—soft ly sudden—sudden ly usual—usual ly●beautiful—beautiful ly careful—careful ly careless—careless ly●peaceful—peaceful ly successful—successful ly●wonderful—wonderful ly tru e—tru ly comfortabl e—comfortabl y●gentl e—gentl y simpl e—simpl y terribl e—teribl y●possibl e—possibl y probabl e—probabl y angr y—angr ily●bus y—bus ily eas y—eas ily happ y—happ ily heav y—heav ily●health y—health ily luck y—luck ily unluck y—unluck ily nois y—nois ily ●动词—名词●appear—appear ance fail—fail ure call—call er climb—climb er●dance—dance r design—design er drive—drive r hunt—hunt er●lead—lead er own—own er organize—organize r●perform—perform er play—play er print—print er●produce—produce r read—read er report—report er●record—record er sing—sing er speak—speak er●travel—travel ler / travel er wait—wait er—wait ress●act—act or—act ress work—work er write—write r swim - swim mer●shop - shop per run 一 run ner rob—rob ber win—win ner●perform—perform ance rob—rob bery weigh—weigh t●sightsee—sightsee ing begin—begin ning jog—jog ging●swim—swim ming ski - ski ing walk—walk ing end—end ing●build—build ing cook—cook ing cross—cross ing turn—turn ing●hear—hear ing meet—meet ing express—express ion●discuss—discuss ion suggest—suggest ion achieve—achieve ment●advertise—advertise ment arrange—arrange ment●excite—excite ment improve—improve ment agree—agree ment●develop—develop ment move—move ment punish—punish ment●treat—treat ment grow—grow th visit—visit or●collect—collect or/collect ion invent—invent or/invent ion●direct—direct or/direct ion protect—protect or/protect ion●attract—attract ion advi s e—advi c e behav e—behav iour●deci de—deci sion ent er—ent rance marr y—marr iage●serv e—serv ice th ink—th ought shak e—shak ing hik e—hik ing● skat e—skat ing communicat e—communicat ion●congratulat e—congratulat ion expla in—expla nation●descri be—descri ption donat e—donat ion graduat e—graduat ion●pollut e—polut ion produc e—produc tion invit e—invit ation●celebrat e—celebrat ion organiz e—organiz ation●introduc e—introduc tion imagin e—imagin ation●operat e—operat or/operat ion d ie—d eath cho ose—cho ice●arriv e—arriv al educat e—educat or/educat ion breath e—breath●名词一名词(表示人)●art—art ist tour—tour ist●形容词一名词●free—free dom kind—kind ness ill—ill ness sick—sick ness●draw—draw ing read—read ing paint—paint ing train—train ing●warn—warn ing spell—spell ing music—music ian rich—rich ness●sad—sad ness careless—careless ness careful—careful ness●dificult—difficult y high—heigh t safe—safe ty warm—warm th●l o ng—l e ng th str o ng—str e ng th violi n—violi st/violin ist●writ e—writ ing scien ce—scien tist pian o—pian ist ugl y—ugl iness●happ y—hap piness unhapp y—unhapp iness diferen t—diferen ce●patien t—patien ce confiden t—confiden ce ab le—ab ility●convenien t—convenien ce excellen t—excellen ce silen t—silen ce●wis e—wis dom de ep—de pth wid e—wid th tru e—tru th you ng—you th ●加﹣ es 构成复数的名词●tomato—tomato es potato—potato es mango—mango es●hero—hero es boss—boss es glass—glass es box—box es●fox—fox es beach—beach es coach—coach es bus—bus es●speech—speech es sandwich—sandwich es match—match es●watch—watch es bush—bush es dish—dish es wish—wish es●brush—brush es toothbrush—toothbrush es●将 f 或 fe 改成 v 再加﹣ es 构成复数的名词●hal f—hal ves wol f—wol ves lea f—lea ves thie f—thie ves●loa f—loa ves kni fe—kni ves shel f—shel ves li fe—li ves●wi fe—wi ves scar f—scar ves●复数变化不规则的名词●child—child ren f oo t—f ee t t oo th—t ee th g oo se—g ee se●m ous e—m ic e m a n—m e n wom a n—wom e n firem a n—firem e n●policem a n—policem e n postm a n—postm e n salesm a n—salesm e n●sheep—sheep deer—deer fish—fish / fish es Chinese—Chinese●Japanese—Japanese passer-by—passer s-by●不规则动词变化表●一、AAA型(原形→原形→原形)●二、ABA型(原形→过去式→原形)●三、ABC 型●⒈原形→ew→own●⒉i→a→u●⒊原型→过去式→过去式+(e)n●⒋原型→过去式→原型+(e)n●⒌无规律●四、ABB型●⒈原型→ought→ought●⒉原型→aught→aught●⒊原型→t→t●⒋变其中一个辅音字母●⒌辅音字母和元音字母都变●⒍变其中一个元音字母●五、AAB型●六、有两种形式。
必背70个词形词性大变换
动词转换为名词(24)
act(表演)-------actor(男演员) actress(女演员)act(表演)-------action(动作)
begin(开始)-------beginning(开始,开端)build(建造)-------building(建筑物)
cross(穿过)-------crossing(十字路口,交叉处)die(死)--------death(死亡)
invent(发明)------invention(发明物,创造物)invent(发明)------inventor(发明者,创造者)live(居住)-------life(生活,生命)
meet(遇见)------meeting(会,集会)operate(做手术,操作)-----operator(操作人员) operate(做手术,运转)-----operation(手术,操作)
please(请)------pleasure(愉快,高兴)
shop(购物)-----shopping(购物)
sit(坐)-------seat(座位)
skate(滑冰)------skating(滑冰)
smoke(吸烟)------smoking(吸烟)
swim(游泳)—---swimmer(游泳者)
thank(感谢)------thanks(谢谢)
travel(旅行)-------traveler(旅行者)
turn(转弯)--------turning(转弯处)
visit(参观)-------visitor(访问者,参观者)win(获胜)-------winner(获胜者)
write(写)--------writer(作家)
动词转换为形容词(25)
act(表演)-------active(积极的)
break(打破,损坏)------broken(弄坏的,坏的)care(照顾,保护)-------careful(小心的,仔细的)
close(关,闭)--------closed(关着的)
color(给……着色-----colored(彩色的)develop(发展,开发)--------developed(发达的)develop(发展,开发)--------developing(发展中的)
die(死)--------dead(死的)
dress(给……穿衣服)--------dressed(穿着衣服的)
enjoy(喜欢,享受)--------enjoyable(有趣的)excite(令人兴奋)--------excited(兴奋的,激动的)
excite(令人兴奋)--------exciting(令人兴奋的)follow(跟随,效仿)---------following(接着的,以下的)
fry(油煎)--------fried(油煎的)
give(给)--------given(获得的)
lose(丢失,失去)--------lost(丢失的)
open(开,打开)------open(开着的)
please(请)--------pleased(高兴的)
relax(放松)---------relaxing(令人放松的)relax(放松)---------relaxed(放松的)
sleep(睡觉)--------asleep(睡着的,熟睡的)surprise(使….吃惊)-------surprising(令人吃惊的)
surprise(使….吃惊)--------surprised(吃惊的)thank(感谢)---------thankful(感激的)wonder(想知道)--------wonderful(精彩的)worry(使……担忧)--------worried(烦恼的,忧虑的)
名词转换为形容词(21)
cloud(云)-------cloudy(多云的)
fog(雾)--------foggy(多雾的)
rain(鱼)--------rainy(下雨的,多雨的)snow(雪)-------snowy(晴朗的,阳光充足的)wind(风)--------windy(有风的,风大的)east(东方)—----eastern(东方的,东部的)north(北方)------northern(北方的,北部的)south(南方)------southern(南方的,南部的)west(西方)-------western(西方的,西部的)beauty(美人)-------beautiful(美丽的,漂亮的)business(事务,生意)--------busy(忙的,繁忙的)
danger(危险)-------dangerous(危险的)difference(区别)-------different(不同的)friend(朋友)----------friendly(友好的)goodness(善良,美德)--------good(好的)health(健康,卫生)---------healthy(健康的,健壮的)
interest(兴趣,趣味)---------interesting(有趣的)
interest(兴趣,趣味)--------interested(感兴趣的)
luck(运气)--------lucky(运气好的)
noise(嘈杂声,响声)--------noisy(嘈杂的,喧闹的)
wool(羊毛,羊绒)---------woolen(羊毛的,羊毛制的)
十分钟检测
1.We hope it will be (sun)tomorrow, for our picnic.
2.With the help of Yellow Pages, we found the address of the theatre (easy). 3.It’s the (usual) for him to be so active today as he is always a man of few words. 4.Who is the(write) of the book War and Peace?
5.The little boy wants to be an (act) when he grows up.
6.It is raining. You should drive the car (care).
7.Take the time and listen, and you’ll hear the (wonder) sound of nature. 8.The Chinese people held the Beijing Olympic Game (success) in 2008. 9.I was really (surprise) to find that I failed the exam.
10.He has much (interesting) in collecting stamps.。