1990年高考全国卷英语试题及答案

[高考]1990-2010年高考英语完形填空真题及解析全国卷1990-2010年高考英语完形空语及解析;全卷,填真国1990-2010年高考英语完形空语语解填真1990年高考英语完形空语语解填真While my father was an officer of the British army in South Africa, we lived in a ___1___ house. One ___2___ my father and sister and I were sitting together. He was ___3___ the window. I suddenly ___4___ that he was turning very pale. I sat___5___, for I did not want to __6__ my sick sister. Soon fathersaid in a ___7___ voice, “Kate and Joan, a friend of mine is ___8___ here to see me this evening, and I wish to be ___9___ him. Will you go up to your own room?” We ___10___, went to our room and closed the door.Soon I heard a ___11___ like that of a door burst in, and then a climb of feet. They were hurrying ___12___ the narrow stairs. Fearing that there was ___13___ near, I seized the pistol(手语) on the table. Then I heard my father cry out, "For God’ssake(快!), child, ___14___ the door. " I did so. To my horror(恐怖), I saw, ___15___ my father’s shoulder, a gorilla(大猩猩), the worst enemy of the soldier in ___16___. He was ___17___ my father. I raised the pistol and fired. The animal fell backwardswith ___18___ loud cry. Father took the ___19___ smoking pistol from my hand, and fired another shot, which ___20___ the gorilla.It happened that father had ___21___ us upstairs because he thought he would be able to ___22___ the door ––– which was twenty feet away –––___23___ the animal reached it. However, the gorilla was too ___24___ for him; and this was the cause ofthe ___25___ flight(逃跑) up the stairs.1. A. two-storeyedB. two storeyedC. two-storeysD. two storeys2. A. o’clockB. nightC. eveningD. time3. A. towardsB. oppositeC. insideD. behind4. A. knewB. learnedC. feltD. noticed5. A. stillB. lonelyC. sadlyD. unhappily6. A. hurtB. frightenC. loseD. trouble7. A. loudB. sadC. calmD. pleasant8. A. movingB. stayingC. runningD. coming9. A. friendly toB. alone withC. helpful toD. careful with10. A. promisedB. trembledC. obeyedD. replied11. A. soundB. cryC. voiceD. shout12. A. toB. downC. throughD. up13. A. some difficultyB. a thiefC. some dangerD. an accident14. A. openB. closeC. pullD. draw15. A. onB. aboveC. overD. from16. A. South AmericaB. AfricaC. South AsiaD. Europe17. A. aiming atB. marching towards C. shooting atD. running after18. A. an excitingB. a calmC. an angryD. a natural19. A. stillB. yetC. evenD. already20. A. hitB. murderedC. frightenedD. killed21. A. takenB. sentC. drivenD. forced22. A. pushB. lockC. guardD. defend23. A. untilB. whenC. beforeD. though24. A. quickB. hugeC. heavyD. stupid第 1 语共 58 语1990-2010年高考英语完形空语及解析;全卷,填真国25. A. anxiousB. fearlessC. excitedD. hurried【答案解语】与先通语短文～了解大意,“我”父语是英语的一位语官～“我”妹妹父语一起在部语里。

1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题阅读Section II R eading ComprehensionEach of the two passages below is followed by five questions. For each question there are four answers. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in the brackets on the left. (10 points)Text 1①In May 1989, space shuttle “Atlantis” released in outer space the space probe “Megallan,” which is now on her 15-month and one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus. ②A new phase in space exploration has begun.①The planet Venus is only slightly smaller than Earth; it is the only other object in the solar system, in fact, that even comes close to earth’s size. ②Venus has a similar density, so it is probably made of approximately the same stuff, and it has an atmosphere, complete with clouds.③It is also the closest planet to earth, and thus the most similar in distance from the sun. ④In short, Venus seems to justify its long-held nickname of “earth’s twin.”①The surface temperature of Venus reaches some 900F. ②Added to that is an atmospheric pressure about 90 times Earth’s: High overhead in the carbon dioxide (CO2) that passes for air is a layer of clouds, perhaps 10 to 20 miles thick, whose little drops consist mostly of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). ③Water is all but nonexistent.①Born with so many fundamental similarities to earth, how did Venus get to be so radically different: It is not just an academic matter. ②For all its extremes, Venus is a valuable laboratory for researchers studying the weather and climate of earth. ③It has no earth’s oceans, so the heat transport and other mechanisms are greatly simplified. ④In addition, the planet Venus takes 243 earth-days to turn once on its axis, so incoming heat from the sun is added and distributed at a more leisurely, observable pace.一、词汇1．shuttle n. 返汽车(列车，飞机)；航天飞机，航天器2．release v. 放出，释放 3.probe n. 探测4.phase n. 阶段5.density n. 密度6.approximately ad. 大概，大约7.stuff n. 材料，东西8.passes for被当成9.sulfuric a. 硫的10. acid n. 酸性物质，酸11. axis n. 轴(线)12.leisurely ad. 慢慢地，悠然地二、长难句1. In May 1989, space shuttle “Atlantis” released in outer space the space probe “Megallan,” which is now on her 15-month and one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus.该句主干为space shuttle “Atlantis” released … the space probe “Megallan”，which引导的定语从句做后置定语，修饰先行词the space probe “Megallan”。

1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I: Structure and VocabularyIn each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)EXAMPLE:I was caught ________ the rain yesterday.[A] in[B] by[C] with[D] atANSWER: [A]l. Those two families have been quarrelling ________ each other for many years.[A] to[B] between[C] against[D] with2. There are many things whose misuse is dangerous, bur it is hard to think of anything that can be compared ________ tobacco products.[A] in[B] with[C] among[D] by3. “How often have you seen cases like this?” one surgeon asked another.“Oh, ________ times, I guess,” was the reply.[A] hundred of[B] hundreds[C] hundreds of[D] hundred4. Give me your telephone number ________ I need your help.[A] whether[B] unless[C] so that[D] in case5. You sang well last night. We hope you’ll sing ________.[A] more better[B] still better[C] nicely[D] best6. Those people ________ a general understanding of the present situation.[A] lack of[B] are lacking of[C] lack[D] are in lack7. Alone in a desert house, he was so busy with his research work that he felt ________ lonely.[A] nothing but[B] anything but[C] all but[D] everything but8. Grace ________ tears when she heard the sad news.[A] broke in[B] broke into[C] broke off[D] broke through9. She refused to ________ the car keys to her husband until he had promised to wear his safety belt.[A] hand in[B] hand out[C] hand down[D] down10. Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes ________ to American audiences.[A] around[B] over[C] across[D] down11. The book contained a large ________ of information.[A] deal[B] amount[C] number[D] sum12. Nowadays advertising costs are no longer in reasonable ________ to the total cost of the product.[A] proportion[B] correlation[C] connection[D] correspondence13. When she saw the clouds she went back to the house to ________ her umbrella.[A] carry[B] fetch[C] bring[D] reach14. We must ________ that the experiment is controlled as rigidly as possible.[A] assure[B] secure[C] ensure[D] issue15. He was knocked down by a car and badly ________.[A] injured[B] damaged[C] harmed[D] ruinedSection II: Reading ComprehensionEach of the three passages below is followed by some questions. For eachquestion there are four answers. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)Text 1In May l989, space shuttle “Atlantis” released in outer space the space probe “Megallan,” which is now on her 15-month and one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus. A new phase in space exploration has begun.The planet Venus is only slightly smaller than Earth; it is the only other object in the solar system, in fact, that even comes close to earth’s size. Venus has a similar density, so it is probably made of approximately the same stuff, and it has an atmosphere, complete with clouds. It is also the closest planet to earth, and thus the most similar in distance from the sun. In short, Venus seems to justify its long-held nickname of “earth’s twin.”The surface temperature of Venus reaches some 900F. Added to that is an atmospheric pressure about 90 times Earth’s: High overhead in the carbon dioxide (CO2) that passes for air is a layer of clouds, perhaps 10 to 20 miles thick, whose little drops consist mostly of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Water is all but nonexistent.Born with so many fundamental similarities to earth, how did Venus get to be so radically different: It is not just an academic matter. For all its extremes, Venus is a valuable laboratory for researchers studying the weather and climate of earth. It has no earth’s oceans, so the heat transport and other mechanisms are greatly simplified. In addition, the planet Venus takes 243 earth-days to turn once on its axis, so incoming heat from the sun is added and distributed at a more leisurely, observable pace.16. Venus is similar to Earth in ________.[A] size and density[B] distance from the sun[C] having atmosphere[D] all of the above17. The greatest value in studying Venus should be to ________.[A] allow us to visit there[B] understand Earth better[C] find a new source of energy[D] promote a new space program18. The main idea of this passage is about ________.[A] problems of space travel[B] scientific methods in space exploration[C] the importance of Venus to Earth[D] conditions on VenusText 2Tourists were surprised to see a woman driving a huge orange tractor down one of Rome’s main avenues. Italy’s political leaders and some of its male union chiefs are said to have been even more puzzled to see that the tractor was followed by about 200,000 women in a parading procession that took more than three hours to snake through central Rome.Shouting slogans, waving flags and dancing to drumbeats, the women had come to the capital from all over Italy to demonstrate for “a job for each of us, a different type of job, and a society without violence.” So far, action to improve women’s opportunities in employment has been the province of collective industrial bargaining. “But there is a growing awareness that this is not enough,” says a researcher on female labor at the government-funded Institute for the Development of Professional Training for Workers.Women, who constitute 52 per cent of Italy’s population, today represent only 35 per cent of Italy’s total workforce and 33 per cent of the total number of Italians with jobs. However, their presence in the workplace is growing. The employment of women is expanding considerably in services, next to the public administration and commerce as their principal workplace. Official statistics also show that women have also made significant strides in self-employment. More and more women are going into business for themselves. Many young women are turning to business because of the growing overall in employment. It is also a fact that today many prejudices have disappeared, so that banks and other financial institutes make judgments on purely business considerations without caring if it is a man or a woman.Such changes are occurring in the professions too. The number of women doctors, dentists, lawyers, engineers and university professors increased two to three fold. Some of the changes are immediately visible. For example, women have appeared on the scene for the first time as state police, railway workers and street cleaner.However, the present situation is far from satisfactory though some progress has been made. A breakthrough in equal opportunities for women is now demanded.19. The expression “snake through central Rome” probably means “to move ________[A] quietly through central Rome.”[B] violently through central Rome.”[C] in a long winding line through central Rome.”[D] at a leisurely pace through central Rome.”20. Which of the following statements is NOT true?[A] There are more women than men in Italy.[B] In Italy, women are chiefly employed in services.[C] In Italy, women are still at a disadvantage in employment.[D] In Italy, about two-thirds of the jobs are held by men.21. About 200,000 women in Rome demonstrated for ________.[A] more job opportunities[B] a greater variety of jobs[C] “equal job, equal pay”[D] both A and B22. The best title for this passage would be ________.[A] The Role of Women is Society[B] Women Demonstrate for Equality in Employment[C] Women as Self-employed Professionals[D] Women and the Jobs MarketText 3The old idea that talented children “burn themselves out” in the early years, and, therefore, are subjected to failure and at worst, mental illness is unfounded. As a matter of fact, the outstanding thing that happens to bright kids is that they are very likely to grow into bright adults.To find this out, l, 500 gifted persons were followed up to their thirty-fifth year with these results:On adult intelligence tests, they scored as high as they had as children. They were, as a group, in good health, physically and mentally. 84 per cent of their group were married and seemed content with their lives.About 70 per cent had graduated from college, though only 30 per centhad graduated with honors. A few had even dropped out, but nearly half of these had returned to graduate. Of the men, 80 per cent were in one of the professions or in business management or semiprofessional jobs. The women who had remained single had office, business, or professional occupations.The group had published 90 books and 1,500 articles in scientific, scholarly, and literary magazines and had collected more than 100 patents.In a material way they did not do badly either. Average income was considerably higher among the gifted people, especially the men, than for the country as a whole, despite their comparative youth.In fact, far from being strange, most of the gifted were turning their early promise into practical reality.23. The old idea that talented children “burn themselves out” in the early years is ________.[A] true in all senses[B] refuted by the author[C] medically proven[D] a belief of the author24. The survey of bright children was made to ________.[A] find out what had happened to talented children when they became adults[B] prove that talented children “burn themselves out” in the early years[C] discover the percentage of those mentally ill among the gifted[D] prove that talented children never burn themselves out25. Intelligence tests showed that ________.[A] bright children were unlikely to be mentally healthy[B] between childhood and adulthood there was a considerable loss of intelligence[C] talented children were most likely to become gifted adults[D] when talented children grew into adults, they made low scoresSection III: Close TestFor each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled [A], [B], [C], and [D], choose the best one and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. Read the whole passage before making your choice. (10 points)No one knows for sure what the world would be like in the year 2001.Many books have been written __26__ the future. But the 19th-century French novelist Jules Verne may be called a futurologist in the fullest __27__ of the word. In his fantastic novels “A Trip to the Moon” and “80 Days Around the World,” he described with detail the aeroplane and even the helicopter. These novels still have a great attraction __28__ young readers of today because of their bold imagination and scientific accuracy.Below is a description of what our life will be in the year 2001 as predicted by a __29__ writer.In 2001, in the home, cookers will be set so that you can cook a complete meal at the touch of a switch.Television will provide information on prices at the __30__ shops as well as news and entertainment. Videophones will bring pictures as well as __31__ to telephone conversations.Machines will control temperature, lighting, entertainment, security alarms, laundry and gardening.Lighting will provide decoration as well as wallpaper.At work, robots will take __32__ most jobs in the manufacturing industries. Working hours will fall to under 30 hours a week. Holidays will get longer; six weeks will be the normal annual holiday. Men and women will retire at the same age.Our leisure will be different too. The home will become the center of entertainment through television and electronic games. More people will eat out in restaurants __33__ they do today; also they will have a much wider variety of food available. There will be a change of taste towards a more savoury-flavored menu. New synthetic foods will form a __34__ part of people’s diets.Foreign travel will __35__; winter holidays will become more popular than summer ones.Also non-stop flights from Britain to Australia and New Zealand will be easily available and much cheaper. Education will become increasingly more important than ever before.26. [A] in[B] of[C] about[D] for27. [A] sense[B] meaning[C] detail[D] implication28. [A] for[B] of[C] on[D] towards29. [A] today[B] nowadays[C] present-day[D] present30. [A] near[B] nearby[C] nearly[D] nearer31. [A] noise[B] sound[C] tone[D] tune32. [A] to[B] away[C] off[D] over33. [A] than[B] as[C] when[D] while34. [A] usual[B] popular[C] daily[D] regular35. [A] add[B] increase[C] raise[D] ariseSection IV: Error-detection and CorrectionEach of the following sentences has four underlined parts. These parts are labeled [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Identify the part of sentence that is incorrect and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. Then, without altering the meaning of the sentence, write down your correction on the line in the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)EXAMPLE:You have to hurry up if you want to buy something because [A] there’s [B] hardly something [C] left. [D]ANSWER: [C] anything36. Alice was having [A] trouble to control [B] the children because there were [C] so many [D] of them.37. We were very much surprised [A] that the [B] village was such [C] long way from [D] the road.38. John’s chance of being elected [A] chairman [B] of the committee is far[C] greater than Dick [D].39. “We have won [A] a [B] great victory on [C] our enemy [D],” the captain said.40. There are many valuable services [A] which the public are willing to pay for [B], but which does not bring [C] a return in money [D] to the community.41. The law I am referring [A] require that everyone [B] who owns [C] a car have [D] accident insurance.42. “I considered it [A] a honor [B] to be invited to address [C] the meeting of world-famous [D] scientists,” said Professor Leacock.43. He was seeing [A] somebody creeping [B] into the house through [C] the open [D] window last night.44. The reason for [A] all the [B] changes being made [C] has not explained [D] to us yet.45. Even though [A] the children pretended asleep [B], the nurses were not deceived [C] when [D] they came into the room.Section V: Verb FormsFill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the verbs given in the brackets. Put your answers in the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)EXAMPLE:It is highly desirable that a new president ________ (appointed) for this college.ANSWER: (should) be appointed46. Buying clothes ________ (be) very time-consuming as you rarely find things that fit you nicely.47. They keep telling us it is of utmost importance that our representative ________ (send) to the conference on schedule.48. I must call your attention to the directions. Read them carefully and act as ________ (instruct).49. Emma said in her letter that she would appreciate ________ (hear) from you soon.50. I ________ (call) to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t.51. If Greg had tried harder to reach the opposite shore, we ________ (not have) to pick him up in the boat.52. After twenty years abroad, William came back only ________ (find) his hometown severely damaged in an earthquake.53. The lecture ________ (begin), he left his seat so quietly that no one complained that his leaving disturbed the speaker.54. The children were surprised when the teacher had them ________ (close) their books unexpectedly.55. A new road will be built here, and therefore a number of existing houses ________ (have to destroy).Section VI: Chinese-English Translation Translate the following into English (15 points)56. 你应该仔细核对全部资料，以避免严重错误。

1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Close TestFor each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled［A］,［B］,［C］,and［D］. Choose the best one and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.Read the whole passage before making your choice.(10points)①No one knows for sure what the world would be like in the year2001.②Many books have been written 1the future.③But the19th-century French novelist Jules Verne may be called a futurologist in the fullest2 of the word.④In his fantastic novels“A Trip to the Moon”and“80Days Around the World,”he described with detail the aeroplane and even the helicopter.⑤These novels still have a great attraction3young readers of today because of their bold imagination and scientific accuracy.⑥Below is a description of what our life will be in the year2001as predicted by a4writer.⑦In2001,in the home,cookers will be set so that you can cook a complete meal at the touch of a switch.⑧Television will provide information on prices at the5shops as well as news and entertainment.⑨Videophones will bring pictures as well as6to telephone conversations.⑩Machines will control temperature,lighting,entertainment,security alarms,laundry and gardening.○11Lighting will provide decoration as well as wallpaper.○12At work,robots will take7most jobs in the manufacturing industries.○13Working hours will fall to under30hours a week.○14Holidays will get longer;six weeks will be the normal annual holiday.○15Men and women will retire at the same age.○16Our leisure will be different too.○17The home will become the center of entertainment through television and electronic games.○18More people will eat out in restaurants8they do today;also they will have a much wider variety of food available.○19There will be a change of taste towards a more savoury-flavored menu.○20New synthetic foods will form a9part of people’s diets.○21Foreign travel will10;winter holidays will become more popular than summer ones.○22Also non-stop flights from Britain to Australia and New Zealand will be easily available and much cheaper.○23Education will become increasingly more important than ever before.（321words）1.［A］in［B］of［C］about［D］for2.［A］sense［B］meaning［C］detail［D］implication3.［A］for［B］of［C］on［D］towards4.［A］today［B］nowadays［C］present-day［D］present5.［A］near［B］nearby［C］nearly［D］nearer6.［A］noise［B］sound［C］tone［D］tune7.［A］to［B］away［C］off［D］over8.［A］than［B］as［C］when［D］while9.［A］usual［B］popular［C］daily［D］regular10.［A］add［B］increase［C］raise［D］ariseSection II Reading ComprehensionEach of the two passages below is followed by five questions.For each question there are four answers.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Put your choice in the brackets on the left.(10points)Text1①In May1989,space shuttle“Atlantis”released in outer space the space probe“Megallan,”which is now on her15-month and one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus.②A new phase in space exploration has begun.①The planet Venus is only slightly smaller than Earth;it is the only other object in the solar system,in fact, that even comes close to earth’s size.②Venus has a similar density,so it is probably made of approximately the same stuff,and it has an atmosphere,complete with clouds.③It is also the closest planet to earth,and thus the most similar in distance from the sun.④In short,Venus seems to justify its long-held nickname of“earth’s twin.”①The surface temperature of Venus reaches some900F.②Added to that is an atmospheric pressure about90 times Earth’s:High overhead in the carbon dioxide(CO2)that passes for air is a layer of clouds,perhaps10to20 miles thick,whose little drops consist mostly of sulfuric acid(H2SO4).③Water is all but nonexistent.①Born with so many fundamental similarities to earth,how did Venus get to be so radically different:It is not just an academic matter.②For all its extremes,Venus is a valuable laboratory for researchers studying the weather and climate of earth.③It has no earth’s oceans,so the heat transport and other mechanisms are greatly simplified.④In addition,the planet Venus takes243earth-days to turn once on its axis,so incoming heat from the sun is added and distributed at a more leisurely,observable pace.11.Venus is similar to Earth in________.[A]size and density[B]distance from the sun[C]having atmosphere[D]all of the above12.The greatest value in studying Venusshould be to________.[A]allow us to visit there[B]understand Earth better[C]find a new source of energy[D]promote a new space program13.The main idea of this passage is about________.[A]problems of space travel[B]scientific methods in space exploration[C]the importance of Venus to Earth[D]conditions on VenusText2①Tourists were surprised to see a woman driving a huge orange tractor down one of Rome’s main avenues.②Italy’s political leaders and some of its male union chiefs are said to have been even more puzzled to see that the tractor was followed by about200,000women in a parading procession that took more than three hours to snakethrough central Rome.①Shouting slogans,waving flags and dancing to drumbeats,the women had come to the capital from all over Italy to demonstrate for“a job for each of us,a different type of job,and a society without violence.”②So far, action to improve women’s opportunities in employment has been the province of collective industrial bargaining.③“But there is a growing awareness that this is not enough,”says a researcher on female labor at the government-funded Institute for the Development of Professional Training for Workers.①Women,who constitute52per cent of Italy’s population,today represent only35per cent of Italy’s total workforce and33per cent of the total number of Italians with jobs.②However,their presence in the workplace is growing.③The employment of women is expanding considerably in services,next to the public administration and commerce as their principal workplace.④Official statistics also show that women have also made significant strides in self-employment.⑤More and more women are going into business for themselves.⑥Many young women are turning to business because of the growing overall in employment.⑦It is also a fact that today many prejudices have disappeared,so that banks and other financial institutes make judgments on purely business considerations without caring if it is a man or a woman.①Such changes are occurring in the professions too.②The number of women doctors,dentists,lawyers, engineers and university professors increased two to three fold.③Some of the changes are immediately visible.④For example,women have appeared on the scene for the first time as state police,railway workers and street cleaners.①However,the present situation is far from satisfactory though some progress has been made.②A breakthrough in equal opportunities for women is now demanded.14.The expression“snake through centralRome”probably means“to move________.[A]quietly through central Rome.”[B]violently through central Rome.”[C]in a long winding line through centralRome.”[D]at a leisurely pace through central Rome.”15.Which of the following statements is NOTtrue?[A]There are more women than men in Italy.[B]In Italy,women are chiefly employed inservices.[C]In Italy,women are still at a disadvantagein employment.[D]In Italy,about two-thirds of the jobs areheld by men.16.About200,000women in Romedemonstrated for________.[A]more job opportunities[B]a greater variety of jobs[C]“equal job,equal pay”[D]both A and B17.The best title for this passage would be________.[A]The Role of Women in Society[B]Women Demonstrate for Equality inEmployment[C]Women as Self-employed Professionals[D]Women and the Jobs MarketText3①The old idea that talented children“burn themselves out”in the early years,and,therefore,are subjected to failure and at worst,mental illness is unfounded.②As a matter of fact,the outstanding thing that happens to bright kids is that they are very likely to grow into bright adults.To find this out,l,500gifted persons were followed up to their thirty-fifth year with these results:①On adult intelligence tests,they scored as high as they had as children.②They were,as a group,in good health,physically and mentally.③84per cent of their group were married and seemed content with their lives.①About70per cent had graduated from college,though only30per cent had graduated with honors.②A few had even dropped out,but nearly half of these had returned to graduate.③Of the men,80per cent were in one of the professions or in business management or semiprofessional jobs.④The women who had remained single had office,business,or professional occupations.The group had published90books and1,500articles in scientific,scholarly,and literary magazines and had collected more than100patents.①In a material way they did not do badly either.②Average income was considerably higher among the gifted people,especially the men,than for the country as a whole,despite their comparative youth.In fact,far from being strange,most of the gifted were turning their early promise into practical reality.18.The old idea that talented children“burnthemselves out”in the early years is________.[A]true in all senses[B]refuted by the author[C]medically proven[D]a belief of the author19.The survey of bright children was made to________.[A]find out what had happened to talentedchildren when they became adults[B]prove that talented children“burnthemselves out”in the early years[C]discover the percentage of those mentallyill among the gifted[D]prove that talented children never burnthemselves out20.Intelligence tests showed that________.[A]bright children were unlikely to be mentallyhealthy[B]between childhood and adulthood there wasa considerable loss of intelligence[C]talented children were most likely tobecome gifted adults[D]when talented children grew into adults,they made low scoresSection III English-Chinese TranslationRead the following passage carefully and then translate the sentences underlined into Chinese.(20points) People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed.It is not easy toexplain why one person is intelligent and another is not,or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.Social scientists are,of course,extremely interested in these types of questions.(21)They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors.There are no clear answers yet,but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed.As one might expect,the two approaches are very different from each other.The controversy is often conveniently referred to as“nature vs.nurture.”(22)Those who support the“nature”side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.(23)That our environment has little,if anything,to do with our abilities,characteristics and behavior is central to this theory.Taken to an extreme,this theory maintains that our behavior is pre-determined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.Those who support the“nurture”theory,that is,they advocate education,are often called behaviorists.They claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act.A behaviorist,B.F.Skinner,sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings.(24)The behaviorists maintain that,like machines,humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior.Let us examine the different explanations about one human characteristic,intelligence,offered by the two theories.(25)Supporters of the“nature”theory insist that we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologically determined.Needless to say:They don’t believe that factors in the environment have much influence on what is basically a predetermined characteristic.On the other hand,behaviorists argue that our intelligence levels are the product of our experiences.(26)Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.The social and political implications of these two theories are profound.(27)In the United States,blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests.This leads some“nature”proponents to conclude that blacks are biologically inferior to whites.(28)Behaviorists,in contrast,say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.Most people think neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior.。

1990年上海卷高考真题英语试卷-学生用卷一、单词辨音（每小题1分，共10分）1、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第1~10题10分(每题1分)下列各组单词中各有一个单词，其重读音节中的元音与斜线内所给音标的读音相同，选出这一单词。

(1) / ʌ/A. discussionB. pronunciationC. everyoneD. unthinkable(2) / ɑ:/A. street carB. telegraphC. departmentD. foot mark(3) /i/A. discoverB. medicalC. relativityD. splendid(4) /u/A. bedroomB. sugarC. beautifulD. childhood(5) /au/A. playgroundB. surroundC. somehowD. farmhouse(6) / ɪə/A. obviouslyB. curiouslyC. AustriaD. material(7) / ɔ:/A. astronautB. airportC. portraitD. therefore(8) /ai/A. satisfyB. excitedlyC. daylightD. recognize(9) /e/A. manyB. carnalC. temptationD. technology(10) / æ/A. AntarcticB. examinationC. agricultureD. programme二、单项选择（每小题1分，共25分）2、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第11题1分Five years ago her brother was university studentof physics.A. a; theB. an; theC. an; /D. a; /3、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第12题1分There was a fight in the street yesterday. Three people were seriously.A. hurtB. killedC. brokenD. cut4、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷1分This question is easy.A. completelyB. widelyC. fairlyD. mostly5、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第14题1分We think it necessary to prevent sound, as it is getting more and more serious.A. positionB. pollutionC. inventionD. condition6、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第15题1分The mistake you've made must at once.A. correctB. be correctingC. have correctedD. be corrected7、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第16题1分The fire broke after they had gone home.A. inB. outC. offD. down8、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第17题1分, would you be kind enough to come and help me with my lessons this evening?A. By and byB. By this meansC. By farD. By the way9、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第18题1分2019~2020学年11月广东深圳南山区深圳市南山区育才中学高二上学期月考第14题1分2019~2020学年广东深圳南山区深圳市南山区育才中学高二上学期期中第14题1分2017~2018学年上海普陀区上海市曹杨第二中学高一下学期期中第12题Only by practising a few hours every day be able to master the language.A. you canB. can youC. you willD. will you10、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第19题1分We are all looking forward to your country.A. visitingB. visitC. be visitingD. being visiting11、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第20题1分Usually carelessness to failure.A. leadsB. happensC. getsD. agrees12、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第21题1分—How was Tom driving when the police-man stopped him?一Eighty miles an hour.A. rapidB. longC. farD. fast13、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第22题1分This page needs again.A. being checkedB. checkedC. to checkD. to be checked14、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第23题1分Voices were when the discussion became more heated.A. risenB. raisedC. shoutedD. improved15、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第24题1分I don't think they will come tonight. It's impossible.A. veryB. quiteC. muchD. most16、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第25题1分Take it. Everything will be fine in a day or two.A. easyB. quietC. calmD. light17、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第26题1分This dictionary is useful middle school students.A. atB. toC. forD. with18、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第27题1分The doctor is going to operate his mother next week.A. withB. inC. forD. on19、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第28题1分As you've never been there before, I'll have someone you the way.A. to showB. showC. showing20、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第29题1分I hope happy while you are here.A. you to beB. for your beingC. you will beD. your being21、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第30题1分China is larger than the United States.A. one sixB. one sixthC. one sixesD. one sixths22、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第31题1分After I had walked for six hours,.A. I had been tired outB. I'll be tired outC. I was tired outD. I would have been tired out23、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第32题1分It was in the bookstore I met your brother the other day.A. whereB. thatD. in that24、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第33题1分Can you tell me the name of the factory you visited last week?A. whatB. whereC. /D. when25、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第34题1分of the boys has got a pencil and some paper.A. AllB. EveryC. EveryoneD. Each26、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第35题1分I don't think you've heard of him before,?A. have youB. haven't youC. do ID. don't I三、辨认错误（每小题1分，共10分）27、【来源】 1990年高考真题上海卷第36题1分在下列各句的画线部分A，B，C，D中有一个错误，指出这一错误。

1990Äê¸ß¿¼ÔĶÁ(A)A well-known old man was being interviewed and was asked if it was correct that he had just celebrated his ninety-ninth birthday.¡°That¡¯s right,¡± said the old man. ¡°Ninety-nine years old, and I haven¡¯t an enemy in the world. They¡¯re all dead.¡±¡°Well, sir,¡± said the interviewer, ¡°I hope very much to have the honor of interviewing you on your hundredth birthday.¡±The old man looked at the young man closely, and said, ¡°I can¡¯t see why you shouldn¡¯t. You look fit and healthy to me!¡±66. The old man said he had not an enemy in the world, which shows that he was a very _____.A. friendly man¡ªhe never made any enemiesB. healthy man¡ªhe lived longer than all his enemiesC. lucky man¡ªhis enemies had all diedD. terrible man¡ªhe had got rid of all his enemies67. When the interviewer said that he hoped very much to have the honor of interviewing the old man again the following year, _____.A. he was trying to make the old man happyB. he wished he himself would live another yearC. he did not believe the old man would live to be one hundredD. he did not believe he would interview the old man again68. When the old man said ¡°I can¡¯t see why you shouldn¡¯t¡±, what he meant was _____.A. ¡°You must try to live another year to interview me again next year.¡±B. ¡°Of course you can see me again since you¡¯re so fit and healthy.¡±C. ¡°If I live to a hundred years, you should interview me again.¡±D. ¡°Unless you live another year, you wouldn¡¯t be able to interview me again.¡±69. What kind of man would you say the old man was?A. He was silly.B. He was unpleasant.C. He was very proud and sure of his health.D. He was very impolite to young people.(B)AnnealingAnnealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly. If metal is heated and then cooled very quickly, for example by dipping it in water, it will be very hard but also very brittle(´à)¡ªthat is, it will break easily. Metal that has been annealed is soft but does not break as easily. It is possible to make metal as hard or as soft as is wished, by annealing it. The metal is heated, and allowed to cool slowly, for a certain length of time. The longerthe 1。

1990年全国硕士研究生考试英语试卷及答案（2）Ⅲ. For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labelled A, B, Cand D. Choose the best one and put your choice in the ANSWER SrmET. Read the wholepassage before making your choice. ( 1O point)No one knows for sure what the world would be like in the year 2001 . Many books havebeen written _26__the future. But the 19th-century French novelist Jules Veme may be called afuturologist in the fullest _27__ of the word. In his fantastic novels "A Trip to the Moon" and"80 Days Around the World" , he described#39; with detail the aeroplane and even the helicopter.These novels still have a great attraction _28__ young readers of today because of their boldimagination and scientific accuracy .Below is a description of what our life will be in the year 2001 as predicted by a _29___ writ-er .In 2001 , in the home, cookers will be set so that you can cook a complete meal at the touchof a switch.Television will provide information on prices at the _30__ shops as well as news and enter-tainment. Videophones will bring pictures as well as _31____ to telephone conversations.Machines will control temperature, lighting, entertainment, security alarms, laundry andgardening .Lighting will provide decoration as well as wallpaper.At work, robots will take _32___ most jobs in the manufacturing industries. Working hourswill fall to under 30 hours a week. Holidays will get longer; six weeks will be the normal annualholiday. Men and women will retire at the sarlle age.Our leisure will be different too. The home will become the center of entertainment throughtelevision and electronic games. More people will eat out in restaurants _33_ they do today; al-so they will have a much wider variety of food available. There will be a change of taste towardsa more savoury-flavored menu. New synthetic foods will form a _34____ part of people#39; s diets.Foreign travel will _35__;winter holidays will become more popular than summer ones.Also non-stop flights from Britain to Australia and New Zealand will be easily available and muchcheaper. Education will become increasingly more important than ever before.26. A. in B. of C. about D. for27. A. sense B. meaning C. detail D. implication28. A. for B. of C. on D. towards29. A. today B. nowadays C. present-day D. present30. A. near B. nearby C. nearly D. nearer31. A. noise B. sound C. tone D. tune32. A. to B. away C. off D. over33. A. than B. as C. when D. while34. A. usual B. popular C. daily D. regular35. A. add B. increase C. raise D. ariseIV . Each of the follnwing sentence has four underlined parts. These parts are labelled A, B, Cand D. Identify the part of sentence that is incomect and put your choice in the ANSWERSHEET. Then , without altering the meaning of the sentence , wite down your correction nnthe line in the ANSWER SHEET. (IO points)#39;EXAMPLE :You have to hurry up if you want to buy something because the_re#39;s hardly something Jeft.A BCDANSWER : ( C)anything36. Alice was having trouble to control the children because there were so many of them.A B C D37. We were very much surprised that the village was such long way from the road.A B C D38. John#39;s chance of being elected chairman of the committee is far greater than Dick.A B C D39. "We have won a great victory on our enemy, " the captain said.A B C D40. There are many valuable services which the public are willing to pay for, but whichA Bdoes not bring a return in money to the community.C D41 . The law I am .referring require that everyone who ownsa car have accident insurance.A B C D42. "I considered it a honor to be invited to address the meeting of world-famous scientists, "A B C Dsaid Professor Leacock .43. He was seeing somebody creeping into the house through the open window last night .A B C D44. The reason for all the changes being made has not explained to us yet.A B C D45 . Even though the children pretended asleep , the nurses were not deceived when they came in-A B C Dto the room.V . Fill in the blanks with the appmpriate fnmts of the verbs given in the brackets. Put youranswers in the ANSWER SHEET. ( IO point)EXAMPLE :It is highly desirable that a new president _ (appoint) for this college.ANSWER : (should) be_appointed46 . Buying clothes _(be) very time-consuming as you rarely find things that fit you nice-Iy .47. They keep telling us it is of utmast importance that our representative _ (send) to theconference on schedule .48. I must call your attention to the directions. Read them carefully and act as _ (in-struct) .49. Emma said in her letter that she would appreciate _ (hear) from you soon.50. I _(call) to make an airline reservation, but I didn#39; t.51 . If Greg had tried harder to reach the opposite shore, we _ _ _(not have) to pick him upin the boat.52 . After twenty years abroad, William came back only _ ( find) his hometown severelydamaged in an earthquake.53. The lecture _ (begin) , he left his seat so quietly that no one complained that his leav-ing disturbed the speaker.54. The children were surprised when the teacher had them _ (cloes) their books unex-pectedly .55. A new road will be built here, and therefore a number of existing houses _(have todestroy ) .。