高考英语语法复习-虚拟语气

语法填空之虚拟语气100题（练案）解析版（思维导图+考点细目表+五年真题分类通关+名校好题通关）（思维导图+高考真题+模拟试题）一、虚拟语气考点思维导图【高考命题细目表】二、虚拟语气高考真题分类通关1.（2020江苏卷）If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I ______________(be) where I am.答案：wouldn’t be解析：考查虚拟语气。

句意：如果我没有面对那么多的障碍，我现在就不会在这里。

分析句子成分可知，此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后where I am可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使用would/could/might/should+do。

故填wouldn’t be。

2.（2019江苏卷）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________________(have) a good time together.答案：would have had解析：考查虚拟语气。

句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。

根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。

其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故填would have had。

3. （2019天津卷）The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________(accomplish) the task in half the time.答案：would have accomplished解析：考查虚拟语气。

句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。

根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。

虚拟语气归纳复习一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中(一) 虚拟条件句中的三种时态：1. 与现在事实相反：If + S +did / were , S + would /should / could / might+ do2. 与过去事实相反：If + S + had done , S + would / should / could / might + have done3. 与将来事实可能相反：If + S + did / were/ should do /were to do, S + would /should / could / might+ do1)If I _________________(be) tired, I _______________________(take) a rest.2)If I had known his address, I______________________________________(write) a letter to him.3)I you __________________(come) yesterday, you __________________________(meet) him.4)If I _____________________________(be) free tomorrow, I__________________( go) to the library.5)If the sun _____________________(stop) shining, only one smile from you____________________(make) theworld bright.6)I ___________________________(appreciate) it if you ______________(can) reply to me as soon as possible atyour convenience.7)Even if he ______________(be) here, he _______________________________(solve) the problem / issue.8)If he _________________________(drive) more carefully, he ___________________________(avoid) the caraccident yesterday.9)What ____________________________ (happen) if we _______________________________ (not work) hard?10)If the traffic ___________________(be ) so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o’clock.(二) 虚拟条件句中的混合时态:有时条件从句和主句的时态不一致，但必须有明确的时间状语表明不同的时间。

高中英语语法动词的语气——虚拟语气讲解语法复习十：动词的语气——虚拟语气一、语气的定义和种类l、语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

2、语气的种类：(1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。

如：We are not ready. 我们没准备好。

What a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!(2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。

如: Open the door, please。

请打开门。

(3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

如: If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你，我就学英语了。

May you succeed! 祝您成功！二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何。

在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。

如: If it doesn’t rain tomorr ow, we will go to the park.如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。

如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。

如: If he ha d seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。

(事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。

)在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。

现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:从句主句与现在事实相反动词的过去式（be的过去式一般用were）would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形与过去事实相反had + 过去分词would/ should/ could/ might + have + 过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式，should + 动词原形，were to + 动词原形would/ should/ could/ might + 动词原形注: 主句中的should只用于I、we，但在美国英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的should 可用于各种人称。

虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设、推测，有时甚至与事实相反。

一、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法1、在“It’s important/ strange/ natural/ necessary that…”这类句型里，that引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用“(should) + V-原”结构。

eg: It’s necessary that he (should) be sent there at once.2、在动词wish 后的宾语从句中对过去的虚拟：had +过去分词wish that 对现在的虚拟：动词过去时(或动词过去进行时)对将来的虚拟：would/could + 动词原形eg: I wish that I had sent the old man to hospital in time.I wish that it were spring all the year round.She wishes that she were still living with her grandmother.I wish that you would/ could come soon.3、在表示建议、命令、要求的动词如：suggest/ advise/ propose/demand/ order/ command/ insist/ request/ desire/ require/ intend/recommend/ expect等后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词常用“(should) + V-原”结构。

eg: I suggest that we (should) set off at once.但其中两个词suggest与insist要注意使用：√要使用虚拟语气√暗示建议坚持要求坚持认为eg: Jean’s face suggested that she was ill, and her parents suggested that she (should) have a medical examine.The young man insisted that he had done nothing wrong, and heinsisted that he (should) be set free.4、在advice/ idea/ order/ demand/ plan/ proposal/ suggestion/ request等名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词常用“(should) + V-原”结构。

虚拟语气用法总结大全一．虚拟语气在非真实条件句中二．虚拟语气在名词从句中1.在由suggest, demand, require, request, insist, order, command, propose等表示建议、请求、命令、愿望等动词或其同根词引出的名词从句中，名词从句虚拟句的谓语变化的形式只有一条规律——名词从句虚拟句无论其主句的谓语动词时何种形式，从句的谓语形式均为should+动词原形，其中should可以省三．虚拟语气的其他用法省一．虚拟语气在非真实条件句中1. — If the traffic hadn't been so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o'clock.—What a pity! Tina ______ here to see you. (2005 湖南)A. isB. wasC. would beD. has been2. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. (2002 上海)A. wouldn't have fallenB. had not fallenC. should fallD. were to fall3. He hesitated（犹豫）for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ______ a goal. (2001 上海春)A. had scoredB. scoredC. would scoreD. would have scored4. You didn't let me drive. If we _____in turn, you_____ so tired. (NMET96)A. drove; didn't getB. drove; wouldn't getC. were driving; wouldn't getD. had driven; wouldn't have got5. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she ______, she would have met my brother. (1994全国)A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come6. -----If he__________, he __________that food.------Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. (MET93)A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; would not have takenD. would have been warned; had not taken7. If it_____ for the snow, we_____ the mountain yesterday. (MET91)A. were not; could have climbedB. were not; could climbC. had not been; could have climbedD. had not been; could climb8. Without electricity human life____ quite different today. (MET91)A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be11. --- Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.--- I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. (福建34’)A. attendedB. had attendedC. would attendD. would have attended12. I _______ through that bitter period without your generous help. ( 陕西22’)A. couldn’t have goneB. didn’t goC. wouldn’t goD. hadn’t gone13. I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they we re waiting for me. (天津15’)A. had comeB. was comingC. would comeD. would have come14. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I fully occupied the whole of last week.A. wereB. had beenC. have beenD. was16. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount time and energy .（2010浙江）A. would have been savedB. had been savedC. will be savedD. was saved17. ---- The weather has been very hot and dry.---- Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .（2010北京）A. wouldn’t dieB. didn’t dieC. hadn’t diedD. wouldn’t have died18. If we the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. (2010湖南)A .followedB .should follow C. had followed D. would follow20. This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. (09天津15) A. would B. should C. could D. might 21. ------ Did you go to his wedding ceremony yesterday ? ------- No. But I would if I had been free. (改错) 二．虚拟语气在名词从句中1. — Where are the children? T he dinner’s going to be completely ruined.— I wish they always late. （北京28’）A. weren’tB. hadn’t beenC. wouldn’t beD. wouldn’t have been2. ______ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. (05 上海)A. What is requiredB. What requiresC. It is requiredD. It requires3. —— Don't you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York?—— I agree, but the problem is ______ he has refused to. (2005 江苏)A. will not be sent; thatB. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; whatD. should not send; what4.①The chairman suggested that the meeting _________________(put off) until the next week.②The look on his face suggested that he ____________(be) angry with what you did.5. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we it without you. （08山东）A. can manageB. could have managedC. could manageD. can have managed6. The doctor recommended that you ____swim after eating a large meal.A. wouldn’tB. couldn’tC. needn’tD. shouldn’t (09浙江13)7.①The man in prison insisted that he _________nothing wrong and _________set free.A. had done, should beB. should do, should beC. had done, had beenD. should do, had b een②The patient insisted that he _________ill and _________to the hospital.A. wasn’t, wasn’t sentB. wasn’t, shouldn’t be sentC. shouldn’t be, wasn’t sentD. shouldn’t be, shouldn’t be se nt8.The workers demanded that their wages ＿＿＿by 20 percent.A. raisedB. raiseC. should have been raisedD. be raised9. At the meeting everybody was against his suggestion that a new bridge ＿＿＿over the river.A. be builtB. must be builtC. was to be builtD. had to be built10. It is politely requested by the hotel manager that radios ＿＿＿after 11 o’clock at night.A. were not playedB. not be playedC. not to playD. did not play11. It is essential(必要的，重要的) that the books you borrowed from the library ＿＿＿back before thedeadline(截止日期).A. be sentB. would be sentC. were sentD. must be sent三．虚拟语气的其他用法1. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ＿＿＿your advice.A. followB. had followedC. would followD. have followed2. Without the air to hold some of the sun's heat, the earth at night ______, too cold for us to live. (97 上海)A. would be freezing coldB. will be freezing coldlyC. would be frozen coldD. can freeze coldly3. It is necessary ＿＿＿the dictionary immediately.A. that he will returnB. that he returnedC. that he returnD. that he has to return4. It’s already five o’clock now. Do you think it’s about time ＿＿＿?A. we are going homeB. we go homeC. we went homeD. we can go home5. It ‘s high time you ＿＿＿that you are not the most important person in the worldA. realizedB. have realizedC. realizeD. should be realizing6. You don’t have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you ＿＿＿on business first.A. would goB. will goC. wentD. have gone7. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he more on its culture.A .focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused（2010江苏）8. I have watched that movie——it’ll give me horrible dreams.A. shouldn’tB. needn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t （2010山东）9. But for their help, we ___ the program in time. (09安徽34)A. can not finishB. will not finishC. had not finishedD. could not have finished10. But for the help of my English teacher, I ____ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A. would not winB. would not have wonC. would winD. would have won (09福建35)11. What a pity? Considering his ability and experience, he better. （08江西）A. need have doneB. must have doneC. can have doneD. might have done12. If it were not for the fact that she _____ sing, I would invite her to the party. (2006 福建)A. couldn’tB. couldC. can’tD. might not13. ______ fired, your health care and other benefits would be immediately cut off.(2006 湖北)A. Would you beB. Should you beC. Could you beD. Might you be14. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______. (1995 全国)A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken15. ______for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films often. (1995 上海)A. If it is notB. Were it notC. Had it not beenD. If they were not16. What would have happened _________ , as far as the river bank? (NMET 2001 上海)A. Bob had walked fartherB. if Bob should walk fartherC. had Bob walked farther C. if Bob walked farther。

专题十七强调句I、重点难点解析高考命题导向：“It is/was…who/that…”强调句型是重要的句型之一，是高考考查的重点之一。

此句型可强调主语、宾语、状语。

如果强调谓语时，用do/does/did+动词原形。

高考通常考查强调句与几个易混句型连词的使用和强调句的问句。

强调句型注意事项一览表强调句型注意事项说明例句1强调主语，其后的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致。

It is he who/that often does good deeds.It is I who/that am looking for you.2 强调部分除了指人可用who/whom,其他只能用thatIt is the book that I want.3 not until…句型的强调句It was not until you told me that I realized my mistake.可转换为以下句型：1) Not until you told me did I realize mymistake. 2) I didn’t realize my mistake until you told me. 4与主语从句(It is / was… that -clause）的区别1)It is true/a fact that they won the game.(it是形式主语)2)It was in Xiamen that I first met him.(强调句的特点：去掉It was…that后句子仍成立。

5与“It be…before (时间过多久才…) / since(自…以来多长时间了)句型的区别1)It was two hours before he worked out the problem.(两个小时后他才算出这道题)2)It is two years since he joined the army.(他参军两年了)6与“It be…when/where定语从句的区别1)It was in 1919 that he was born.( (强调句)It was 1919 when the May 4th Movement took place. ( 定语从句)2)It was in Bejing that I met him.( (强调句)It was Beijing where I met him.( 定语从句)II、实战演练填入适当的连词或疑问词1. It was along the Mississippi River ______________ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.2. It is the ability to do the job ___________ matters, not where you came from or what you are.3. ---What was the party like?---Wonderful. It is years ___________ I enjoyed myself so much.4. It was October __________ they finally came back to their hometown.5. It was in the lab that was taken charge of by Professor Li ____________ they did theexperiment.6. It will be more than 100 years ____________ the country begins once again to look as it didbefore.7. ___________ is it that has made Peter what he is today.8. I’ve already forgotten _____________ it was that you put the dictionary.9. I have always been hones and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter __________ it is I amtalking to.10. It was _____________ he did ______________ frightened me.答案：1. that 2. that 3. since 4. when 5. that 6. before 7. what 8. where 9. who 10. what; that专题十八虚拟语气I、重点难点解析虚拟语气的高考命题导向：虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。

虚拟语气一、定义：虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。

1．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1）表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）Eg. If he had time, he would (could, might) go with youEg.If I were you, I would work hard.2）表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生Eg.If I had time last night, I should have come to see you.Eg.If they had helped us, we would have finished the task. (实际上没帮)3）表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生Eg.If it should rain, the crops would be saved.Eg.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.4）※注意：虚拟语气的倒装语序：如果if从句里含有should, had, were或其他助动词,则可将从属连词if省去,将助动词.情态动词.be或have放在句首形成部分倒装.Eg.If I had time, I would have done that yesterday.=Had I had time, I would have done that yesterday.Eg.If I were you, I would go to the party.=Were I you, I would go to the party.Eg.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home=Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.2. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词that。

高中英语语法学习/复习讲义虚拟语气语法知识点讲义19【精讲版·全国通用】wish，as if，if only，would rather虚拟语气结构知识点总结wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气一、用法说明动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。

若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；若表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词；若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would (could)＋动词原形。

如：I wish I were not so busy. 但愿我不那样忙碌。

I wish I were [was] better looking. 要是我长得漂亮些就好了。

She wished she had stayed at home. 她后悔的是她当时要是留在家里就好了。

I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 要是你明天同我们一起去就好了。

I wish you wouldn’t look down on this kind of work.我希望你不要看不起这种工作。

This watch has gone wrong. I wish I had bought a better make. 这只表坏了，我真愿意我买的是好一点的牌子。

I wish you wouldn’t smoke any more.我希望你不再抽烟了。

I wish you would be more respectful to your father. 我希望你对你父亲更尊敬些。

I wish I could be of some use. 我希望我能有什么用处。

二、特别注意从句的时态只与从句所指的时间有关，而与wish的时态无关，比较：I wish I were rich. 要是我现在有钱就好了。

I wish I had been rich. 要是那时我有钱就好了。

高考英语虚拟语气一、虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气1、表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+did (be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/ could + doIf I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。

（事实：我不可能是你）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。

（事实：不知道）If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。

(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+ had + done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have doneIf I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她（事实：去晚了）。

If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。

（事实：没有听我的话）3、表示与将来事实相反的情况从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were）主句：主语+should/would/might/could+doIf he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。

（事实：不可能来）If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would go skating.如果下周日下大雪，我们就去滑冰。