2021年英语四级写作模拟习题及答案(卷十)

英语四级写作模拟练习题题目要求：Enhance Awareness to Guard against Campus Thefts1.校园盗窃案件时有发生2.物品被盗的原因3.学生如何加强防盗意识参考范文：Enhance Awareness to Guard against Campus Thefts"If you dont want to wake up and find you have no pants to wear, youd better put them on in sleep," goes a popular joke among students. Obviously, campus thefts have become increasingly annoying as they occur far more often than before. And it seems that the thieves are less choosy these days, with their targets ranging widely from bikes, cell phones, purses, pre-paid IC cards to sunglasses, bags, and even underwear. In short, anything that worth a dime is likely to be stolen.What makes students the easy targets? The reasons are not hard to find. But I believe of all these reasons, the lack of anti-theft alertness is the most important. For lack of alertness, the students tend to leave the doors and windows wide open during sleep at noon or at night in summer. For the same reason, theyll also leave their bikes unlocked before a storeor by a road, or forget to take away their personal stuff before they go out of the classroom to make a phone call. These acts undoubtedly have increased their exposure to the light-fingered monsters.In order to minimize possible losses, the students must stay on guard in the first place, as awareness of the thefts around often makes a big difference. To be more specific, the students should not hide any tempting amount of cash in the dorm. Put it in the bank instead. Besides, do not leave any valuable items unattended. Take them wherever you go. In addition, its advisable to develop a neighbourhood watch programme with other students in the dorm and neighbouring dorms.题目要求：Its Time to Stop Software Piracy1. 盗版软件比比皆是2. 盗版软件猖獗的原因3. 如何打击盗版软件参考范文：Its Time to Stop Software PiracyChina has often been criticized for the rampant practice of software piracy. Take a look around. We operate on pirated Windows systems, defend PC security with pirated Kaspersky anti-virus programmes, process files with pirated Microsoft Office, draft 3D designs with pirated AutoCAD, refine pictures with pirated Adobe Photoshop, and study English with pirated Kingsofts electronic dictionaries and translators. Its no exaggeration that pirated software is everywhere.The logic behind the phenomenon is simple and clear: if a pirated copy is available for just a tiny fraction of the normal price, not to speak of many of the free downloads online, who would pay for an authentic copy? Cheaper prices aside, easy access is another important factor. With such a large gathering of pirated upgrades around, who would bother to spend time and money searching the stores for an authorized yet outdated version?Despite these apparent benefits, the practice of software piracy should be banned, because it represents unfair competition and by nature its a no-win situation. But how? Two approaches are to be taken at the same time: Technically, software developers should enhance their antipiracy engineering, so that cracking the software should be virtually impossible. And legally, the government should also tighten its antipiracy laws and toughen up the penalties, so that violations should be costly.。

2021年大学英语四级词汇模拟习题及答案（卷十）1.The board of the company has decided to ________ its operations to include all aspects of the clothing business.A) multiplyB) lengthenC) expandD) stretch2.His business was very successful, but it was at the ________ of his family life.A) consumptionB) creditC) exhaustionD) expense3.First published in 1927, the charts remain an ________ source for researchers.A) identicalB) indispensableC) intelligentD) inevitable4.Joe is not good at sports, but when it ________ mathematics, heis the best in the class.A) comes toB) comes up toC) comes on toD) comes around to5.Doctors warned against chewing tobacco as a ________ for smoking.A) reliefB) revivalC) substituteD) succession6.When carbon is added to iron in proper ________ the result is steel.A) ratesB) thicknessesC) proportionsD) densities7.You should try to ________ your ambition and be more realistic.A) reserveB) restrainC) retainD) replace第一题：multiply:vt. 乘,使相乘;倍增vi. 增加lengthen:vt. 加长,使延长vi. 变长expand:vt. 展开;扩大,扩充,发展膨胀,扩张;张开,展开,使膨胀,使扩张;张开stretch:n. 伸展,张开,连绵,一段路,一段时间 a. 可伸缩的,弹性的vt. 伸展,张开,曲解第二题：consumption:n. 消费,消费量,憔悴credit:n.\v. 信任,信誉,信用,信贷,赊欠n.\v. 荣誉,光荣,称赞,给予荣誉exhaustion:n. 疲惫,筋疲力尽,竭尽expense:n. 花费,消费,消耗;开支,经费;费钱之物第三题：identical:a. 同一的;完全相同的,相等的;有同一原因的,有同一来源的indispensable:n. 不可缺少之物 a. 不可缺少的,不能避免的,绝对必要的intelligent:a. 聪明的,伶俐的,有才智的inevitable:a. 不可避免的,无法回避的;照例必有的第四题：come to:v.苏醒;总计达,总数为;涉及,谈到come up to:v.达到,符合达到(标准),比得上,等于come on to:开始,兴盛come around to:转而接受,重新着手…第五题：relief:n. 减轻,解除,救济,安慰,调剂,浮雕,换班,地势的起伏revival:n. 复兴,复活,恢复精神,苏醒substitute:n. 代理,代理人,代用品,代替物vt. 代替vi. 替代,取代succession:n.连续,继续;继承,接替第六题：rate:n. 比率,率,速度,价格,费用,等级vt. 估价,认为,鉴定等级,责骂vi. 被评价thickness:n. 厚度,一层,混浊,含混不清proportion:n. 比,比率;均衡,相称;部分,份儿;面积vt. 使成比例;分摊,摊派density:n.密集,稠密;密度,浓度第七题：reserve:n. 预备品,贮存,预备舍,后备军,保留地,保留,沉默,节制,秘密,储备金vt. 保留restrain:v. 克制,限制,抑制,约束,拘束,束缚retain:vt. 保持,保留;留住,挡住;记住replace:vt. 替换,取代;把…放回原处;归还,赔还1.答案:C参考译文:公司董事会已决定扩大业务，使其包括成衣业务的所有方面.题目分析:本题结构比较简单.考点解析:首先分析题目,根据空格的上下文,主语为The board of the company,宾语为its operations,即公司董事会业务,由此可以确定应该选择含有扩展意思的词语.考察选项四个词汇,B,C和D三个词语的含义比较容易弄混,lengthen的意思偏重于延长,expand的意思偏重于空间的扩充,扩展.stretch是strong的名词,由此可知其意思偏重于力量方面的加强.由此可知正确答案为C.2.答案:D参考译文:他的生意非常成功,但这是以损害他的家庭生活为代价的.题目分析:本题结构比较简单.考点解析:本题主要是考察固定搭配at the expanse of...意思为归...付费,在损害...的情况下.3.答案:B参考译文:首次出版于1927年，对于研究员这个图表仍然是一个不可缺少的资源.题目分析:本题结构比较简单,只需注意First published in 1927为分词短语作状语.考点解析:本题主要是考察选项四个形式比较接近的形容词的意思的辨析,只要知道了四个词语的意思,就很容易选出正确答案.分析题以后可知,含有不可或缺的意思的indispensable是正确答案.注意:选项B和D都是由否定前缀in和形容词构成的含有否定意思的形容词.4.答案:A参考译文:乔不擅长于运动,但如果说道数学,他可是班里最好的.题目分析:本题结构比较简单.考点解析:本题主要考查由动词come和介词构成的短语的意思的辨析.分析题目的上下文并考察选项的四个词组可知含有涉及,谈到意思的come to是最合适的答案.5.答案:C参考译文:医生被警告不要咀嚼烟草代替吸烟.题目分析:本题题干中含有一个固定搭配warn sb.against doing sth.意思为警告某人不要做某事,而本题中为该结构的被动形式.考点解析:分析题目,可知所填入的名词应该满足两点要求,首先要求可以和for搭配,另外根据分析可知chewing tobacco和smoking 是两个并列的短语,所以填入的词语应该是表示别列关系的词语.综合以上两方面,并考察四个选项后可以确定正确答案为 C.注意固定搭配substitute A for B的意思为用A代替B,而replace A with B的意思为用B代替A.注意两者的区别.6.答案:C参考译文:当碳以合适的比例加入到铁中,就可以得到钢.题目分析:本题结构比较简单,只需注意When carbon is added toiron in proper proportion为状语部分,后面的the result is steel为主句.考点解析:分析题目后可知,填入的词语要求可以和in搭配,并且符合题意.由此可以确定正确答案为C.词组in proportion的意思为成比例的,相称的,恰如其分的,合适的.题目中的in proper proportion的意思为以合适的比例.7.答案:B参考译文:你应该尽力可知一下你的野心并且更加现实一点.题目分析:本题结构比较简单.考点解析:本题是我讲过的标志词法解体的一个应用,分析题目,找出标志词and,由此可知try to ________ your ambition和be more realistic.是并列的结构,即两者的意思是接近的.进一步分析ambition 和realistic是意思相反的两个词语,由此可知填入的修饰ambition应该是含有否定或较少意思的词汇.分析四个选项后可知,正确答案为restrain,其意思为限制。

2021年英语四级阅读理解习题及答案（卷十）If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：CABDDPeople living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea.Erosion (侵蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in whichtheir homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast, shifting the problem from one area to another. The danger is likely to continue, they say, until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eaten as limestone is. Meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future, apply to a house agent in one of the threatened areas on the south coast of England. You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home.1. What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of England face?A) The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens.B) The experts’lack of knowledge.C) The rising of the sea level.D) The washing-away of limestone cliffs.2. The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England ________.A) will soon become a problem for people living in central EnglandB) has now become a threat to the local residentsC) is quickly changing the map of EnglandD) can be stopped if proper measures are taken3. The experts’study on the problem of erosion can ________.A) lead to its eventual solutionB) provide an effective way to slow it downC) help to prevent it from worseningD) warn people whose homes are in danger4. It is not feasible to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because ________.A) it is too costly and will endanger neighbouring areasB) the government is too slow in taking actionC) they will be easily knocked down by waves and currentsD) house agents along the coast do not support the idea5. According to the author, when buying a house along the south coast of England, people should ________.A) be aware of the potential danger involvedB) guard against being cheated by the house agentC) take the quality of the house into considerationD) examine the house carefully before making a decision参考答案1. C2. B3. A4.B5. DAs a reliable travel agency, we really do try to describe our centers and accommodation as realistically as possible. All our Super Centers andMain Centers have been extensively investigated during the winter season 1975-1976. As a result we have first-hand information on the way in which hotels, life networks and ski schools, etc. operate during the season. We have not been able to investigate, at first hand, all our Independent Centers during the last season but all have been visited during the past three seasons. Should you need any more information about these centers we will try to get it for you. Our American centers have been investigated on our behalf by United Airlines Tours Department and by the U. S. tour operators who are assisting United and ourselves to offer you this novel program to the United States.Where possible we have eliminated the use of superlatives from the text (possibly making our brochure(小册子) less attractive to read than it might be) and have concentrated on as accurate a description as possible. Nevertheless you should bear in mind that your opinion and the opinion of our investigator might differ and there may be changes between the time of a visit by our investigator and the visit of one of our customers.We trust that it is evident to you that we have done all in our power to eliminate misdescription and that there really is no question of misrepresenta-tion on our part—either careless or otherwise. We welcome your constructive criticism—it is the best way we know of improving our brochures and ourservice. Although complaints are very expensive to handle, yourcomplaint or criticism will be thoroughly investigated and a refund (退赔) made if it is justified—none will be made if it isn"t. 26. The firm claims that all its winter sports centers have been the recent target of A.a program of personal visits B. intensive enquiries about facilities C. attempts to increase hotel accommodation D. an improved information service27. The "Independent Centers" were personally inspected_______.A. the year before lastB. three years agoC. between 1975 and 1976D. within the last three seasons 28. The program of tours to the United States appears to be_______. A. a new collaboration with U. S. travel firms B. newly taken over by U. S. tour operations C. a new independent venture D. organized by United Airlines29. Their brochure would be more attractive to read, they say, if_______. A. it were less truthful B. it used fewer superlatives C. it eliminated description D. it were more encouraged 30. The firm"s claim is that their program is improved by_______. A. helpful fault-finding by customersB. attractive description of the centers in every brochureC. a standard policy of prompt repaymentD. careful control of the hotels 答案：26. A 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. AAs a reliable travel agency, we really do try to describe our centers and accommodation as realistically as possible. All our Super Centers andMain Centers have been extensively investigated during the winter season 1975-1976. As a result we have first-hand information on the way in which hotels, life networks and ski schools, etc. operate during the season. We have not been able to investigate, at first hand, all our Independent Centers during the last season but all have been visited during the past three seasons. Should you need any more information about these centers we will try to get it for you. Our American centers have been investigated on our behalf by United Airlines Tours Department and by the U. S. tour operators who are assisting United and ourselves to offer you this novel program to the United States.Where possible we have eliminated the use of superlatives from the text (possibly making our brochure(小册子) less attractive to read than it might be) and have concentrated on as accurate a description as possible. Nevertheless you should bear in mind that your opinion and the opinion of our investigator might differ and there may be changes between the time of a visit by our investigator and the visit of one of our customers.We trust that it is evident to you that we have done all in our power to eliminate misdescription and that there really is no question of misrepresenta-tion on our part—either careless or otherwise. We welcome your constructive criticism—it is the best way we know of improving our brochures and our service. Although complaints are very expensive to handle, your complaint or criticism will be thoroughlyinvestigated and a refund (退赔) made if it is justified—none will be made if it isn"t. 26. The firm claims that all its winter sports centers have been the recent target of A. a program of personal visits B. intensive enquiries about facilities C. attempts to increase hotel accommodation D. an improved information service27. The "Independent Centers" were personally inspected_______.A. the year before lastB. three years agoC. between 1975 and 1976D. within the last three seasons28. The program of tours to the United States appears to be_______.A. a new collaboration with U. S. travel firmsB. newly taken over by U. S. tour operationsC. a new independent ventureD. organized by United Airlines29. Their brochure would be more attractive to read, they say, if_______.A. it were less truthfulB. it used fewer superlativesC. it eliminated descriptionD. it were more encouraged30. The firm"s claim is that their program is improved by_______.A. helpful fault-finding by customersB. attractive description of the centers in every brochureC. a standard policy of prompt repaymentD. careful control of the hotels答案：26. A 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. ASocial change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there isusually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; inwhat has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.1.The passage is mainly discussing __________ .a.the necessity of social changeb.certain factors that determine the ease with which social changes occurc.two different societiesd.certain factors that promote social change2.______ is one of the factors that tend to promote social change.a.Joint interestb.Different points of viewc.Less emotional peopled.Advanced technology3.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?a.Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.b.Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change.c.Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.d.Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young.4.The expression "greater tolerance"(paragraph 1) refers to _____ .a."greater willingness to accept social change"b."quicker adaptation to changing circumstances"c."more respect for different beliefs and behavior"d."geeater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas"5.Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many ways because ________ .a.people there have got so accustomed to their conditions that they seldom think it necessary to changeb.people there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much difficultyc.people there are easy to pleased.people there are less disputed答案：b b b c aPsychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to old cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Some other researchers who study various aspects of mental life, maintain those rewards often destroy creativity byencouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others. The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks in grade-school children suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal Personality and Social Psychology.“If they know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,”says Robert Esenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it's easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.”A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Esenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore falling grades.In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economics, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.1. Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward ____.A) the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewardsB) the appropriate amount of external rewardsC) the study of relationship between actions andD) the effects of external rewards on students' performance2. What is the view held by many educators concerning external rewards for students?A) They approve of external rewards.B) They don't think external rewards.C) They have doubts about external rewards.D) They believe external rewards can motivate small children, but not college students.3. According to the result of the study mentioned in the passage, what should educators do to stimulate motivation and creativity?A) Give rewards for performances which deserve them.B) Always promise rewards.C) Assign tasks which are not very challenging.D) Be more lenient to students when mistakes are made.4. It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe ____.A) rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of students’B) punishment is more effective than rewardingC) failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standardsD) discouraging the students anticipation for easy rewards is matter of urgency5.Which of the following facts about “token economics”is not correct?A) Students are assigned challenging tasks.B) Rewards are given for good performances.C) Students are evaluated according to the effort they put into the task.D) With token economics, students’creativity can be enhanced.答案与解析：1. D心理学家认为外界的奖励对学生会有不同的影响。

Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: GraduateSchool or Work? You should write at least 120 words following the instructions given below in Chinese:目前，越来越多的大学生本科毕业之后选择继续进入研究生院学习。

一个重要的原因是工作不太好找。

那么你打算在大学毕业之后选择找工作还是准备继续上研究生呢?请就这个问题谈谈你的打算和主要原因。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet1.Why We LaughWe start finding things laughable —or not laughable —early in life. An infant first smiles at approximately eight days of age. Many psychologists assume this is his first sign of simple pleasure—food, warmth and comfort. At six months or less, the infant laughs to express complex pleasures—such as the light of Mother's smiling face. Between the ages of six months and one year, the baby learns to laugh for essentially the same reasons he will laugh throughout his life, says Dr. Jacob Levine, associate professor of psychology at YaleUniversity. Dr. Levine says that people laugh to express mastery over an anxiety. Picture what happens when a father throws his child into the air. The child will probably laugh—but not the first time. In spite of his enjoyment of "flying", he is too anxious to laugh. How does he know Daddy will catch him? Once the child realizes he will be caught, he is free to enjoy the game. But more importantly, says Dr. Levine, the child laughs because he has mastered an anxiety.Adult laughter is more subtle, but we also laugh at what we used to fear. The feeling of achievement, or lack of it, remains a crucial factor. Giving a first dinner party is an anxious event for a new bride. Will the food be good? Will the guests get along? Will she be a good hostess? Will the knives and forks, cups and saucers be all right? All goes well; the party is over. Now she laughs freely. Her pleasure from having proved her success is the foundation for her pleasure in recalling the evening activities. She couldn't enjoy the second pleasure without the first, more important one—her mastery of anxiety.Laughter is a social response triggered by cues. Scientists have not determined a brain center for laughter, and they are perplexed by patients with certain types of brain damage who go into laughing fits for no apparent reason. The rest of us require company, and a reason to laugh.When we find ourselves alone in a humorous situation, our usual response is to smile. Isn't it hue that our highest compliment to a humorous book is to say that "it made me laugh out of loud"? Of course, we do occasionally laugh alone; but when we do, we are, in a sense, socializing withourselves. We laugh at a memory, or at a part of ourselves.Of course, we don't always need a joke to make us laugh. People who survive frightening situations, such as a fire or an emergency plane landing, frequently relate their story of the crisis with laughter. Part of the laughter express relief that everything is now all right. During a crisis, definitely, everyone mobilizes energy to deal with the potential problem. If the danger is avoided, we need to release that energy. Some people cry; others laugh.When we are made the target of a joke, either on a personal or impersonal level, we are emotionally involved in it. Consequently, we won't be able to laugh.Knowing that laughter blunts emotion, we can better understand why we sometimes laugh when nothing is funny. We laugh during moments of anxiety because we feel no mastery over the situation, claims Dr. Levine. He explains, "very often compulsive laughter is a learned response. If we laugh, it expresses good feelings and the fact that we are able to cope. When we're in a situation in which we can't cope, we laugh to reassure ourselves that we can!"How often have we laughed at a funeral or upon hearing bad news? We laugh to deny an unendurable reality until we are strong enough to accept it. Laughter also breaks our tension. However, we may also be laughing to express relief that the tragedy didn't happen to us. We laugh before giving a big party, before delivering a speech, or while getting a traffic ticket, to say, "This isn't bothering me. See? I am laughing."But if we sometimes laugh in sorrow, more often we laugh with joy. Laughter creates and strengthens our socialbonds. And the ability to share a laugh has guided many marriages through hard periods of adjustment.How could we manage a life with the absence of laugh? According to Dr. Levine, we can measure our adjustment to the world by our capacity to laugh. When we are secure about our abilities, we can laugh at the defects of our own character. If we can laugh through our anxieties, we will not be overpowered by them.The ability to laugh starts early, but it takes a lifetime to perfect. Says Dr. Grotjahn, "when social relationships are mastered, when the individual has mastered...a peaceful relationship with himself, then he has...the sense of humor." And then he can throw back his head and laugh. Both infants and adults laugh for the same reasons.1. Giving your first dinner party is a source of laughter.2. The cues that trigger laughter have been studied by scientists.3. Ordinary people laugh a lot when they are alone.4. If you escape from a dangerous situation you might cry.5. When someone makes a joke about us we are able to share to joke.6. Funerals are a good source of jokes.7. It takes a lifetime to perfect the ability to laugh.8. Laughter is a defense mechanism when reality is too hard or if we hear______.9. A child of one and an old man laugh to show their______ of anxiety.10. Laughter is a social glue that______ our relations.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel industry in the United States. And in this process, he became one of the (47) men in America. His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the product and in part from his policy of (48) during periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their (49) .Carnegie believed that individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their (50) for the benefit of society. He opposed charity, (51) instead to provide educational opportunities that would allow others to (52) themselves.Among his more (53) contributions to society are those that bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. He also founded a school of technology that is (54) part of Carnegie-MellonUniversity. Other philanthropic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to (55) understanding between nations, and the Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research.There are (56) Americans who have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie's generosity. His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today.A) preferringB) presentlyC) wealthiestD) previouslyE) fewF) investmentsG) fortuneH) expandingI) noteworthyJ) promoteK) helpL) shrinkingM) optingN) obstructO) manySection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A]、[B]、[C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneExaminations have a longer history in China than in any other country, yet it is today an issue around in which controversy flourishes. At each stage of their school lives children are faced with exams: exams to enter junior middle school, senior middle school, vocational school, colleges and universities. As a result of having constantly to think of these hurdles facing them children find themselves under constant pressure, unable to take time off from studying exam-oriented subjectsto relax with friends or to develop other interests. Within school the concentration on exam success leads to the neglect of courses which are not central to the examinations and a method of teaching and learning which emphasizes training the ability to do well in tests but neglects developing the ability to think creatively.Despite such criticisms the examination system still has its defenders. Without it, they argue, how can we test students' abilities and evaluate the effectiveness of teachers and schools? They believe that they provide the only objective way of selecting students and reduce the exercise of unfair back-door practices to gain advantage for children on the basis of influence or corruption. Examinations are also felt to offer the impetus to students to master their subject in a way in which they otherwise might not. "While too much anxiety can be a bad thing, a little anxiety can stimulate students to learn better than if left without any test to pass," says Li Jie, a leading advocate of the value of testing. "I can remember things now which give me great pleasure which I doubt I would have learned at the time if I had not had to do so for the examinations."57. Which of the following statements about examinations in China is correct?[A] People can make money out of examinations.[B] Only students of today have to take examinations.[C] Students have to learn more about history than about any other subjects.[D] People have different opinions concerning the value of examinations.58. What is a possible result if students pay too much attention to examinations?[A] Students neglect those exam-oriented subjects.[B] Students are unable to relax with friends or to develop other interests.[C] Teachers neglect the training of the students' ability to do well in tests.[D] Students only pay attention to the development of their ability to think creatively.59. Which of the following has NOT been mentioned as the advantage of examinations?[A] Examinations are the only objective way of selecting students.[B] Examinations are the only objective way to eliminate the problem of corruption.[C] Examinations can tell us that too much anxiety can be a bad thing.[D] Examinations can better stimulate students to study.60. According to the passage, why are some people against exams?[A] They are meaningless. [B] They will make students learn something useless.[C] They are believed to cause stress for the students. [D] They are not related to the reality of life.61. Which of the following is an acceptable summary of the organization of this passage?[A] Discussing a problem in education. [B] Refuting a long held opinion.[C] Persuading people to believe an idea. [D] Presenting a controversial issue and arguments from both sides.Passage TwoAn opinion poll was conducted in the early 1990's to ascertain the cultural attitudes of residents of five countries in Western Europe (Britain, France, Italy, Spain and Germany). One thousand people, forming a representative sample of the adult population, from each of the five participating countries were interviewed. The results of the poll suggest that though there is general agreement that culture can be defined as a distinct part of life, there are clear differences in the views of various European nations.The poll assumed that literature, history, science, the arts, law, economics and so on would be regarded as significant components of culture by all participants but it set out to examine the areas which they deemed the most important forms of cultural expression. In addition, the poll required interviewees to indicate in a questionnaire the type of education they considered most appropriate for the modem world, the best channels of knowledge and the arts they most valued. The interviewees were also asked which European countries they found most attractive from a cultural point of view.The results of the poll show interesting differences between the participating nations in terms of which components of culture they regard as most important forms of cultural expression. For the French and Italians, literature comes well at the top of the list. In contrast, mathematics is given priority by the British and economics/politics by the Germans. History occupies second place for the French, the Italians and Germans but is given very low priority by the British. For the Spanish these four areas are more or less equal, with mathematics having a slight edge.It seems that members of each country in the survey have a common definition of culture but that definition varies from country to country. The variations tend to support the national stereotypes we have of one another. The French and Italians are literary peoples, the British scientific and the Germans practical and hard-working.France has the distinction, according to the results of the poll, of being the country which provokes most interest from its British, Italian and German neighbors. Spanish interviewees indicated more interest in Italy than in France. The French also placed Italy first. Italy occupies second place for both the British and the Germans. It would seem, then, that the "literary" nations of France and Italy are more culturally exciting than the scientific British or the practical Germans!The view of education in the five countries is particularly illuminating in view of the high cultural priority given to literature by both Italy and France because there is general agreement among the majority of the 5,000 interviewees that schooling should provide scientific and technical education rather than attempt to inculcate literary and artistic culture.The residents of the five countries of the survey share the view that books are the best way of broadening knowledge. The French, Germans, and Italians identify radio and television as the second best means of improving knowledge but for the British and Spanish travel is in second place and conversation and discussion in third place. The poll confirms that, though there are broad similarities among the nations surveyed, the British, French,Italians, Spanish and Germans do not share identical cultural preferences and classifications. There are, it would seem, specific national characteristics.62. What is the passage mainly about?[A] It is about people's preference in spare time.[B] It is about a poll interviewing people's cultural attitudes.[C] It is about a poll investigating people's view toward their neighboring countries.[D] It is about editorial criticizing cultures in different countries.63. Which of the following is NOT included in the questions directed to the interviewees?[A] Do you think literature, history, science, the arts, law, economics and so on should be regarded as significant components of culture?[B] What kind of education is most appropriate for the modem world?[C] What are the best channels of knowledge and the arts you most value?[D] Which European countries are most attractive from a cultural point of view?64. Which of the following statements about "the most important forms of cultural expression" is NOT correct?[A] The French and Italians consider literature more important than other forms of cultural expression.[B] Mathematics is considered most important by the British and the Germans.[C] In the eyes of the French, the Italians and Germans, history is more important than that in the eyes of the British.[D] For the Spanish, mathematics is somewhat more important than literature, history and economics/ politics.65. Which country are British, Italian, Spanish and German interviewees most interested in?[A] France. [B] Italy. [C] They do not share interests. [D] Neither of the two mentioned above.66. Which of the following is regarded as the best way of broadening knowledge by most people in this interview?[A] Conversation. [B] Books. [C] Travel. [D] Radio and television.Part ⅤClozeDirections: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A]、[B]、[C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.There are more than forty universities in Britain-nearly twice as many as in 1960s. During the 1960s eight (67) new ones were founded, and ten other new ones were created by (68) old colleges of technologies into universities. In the same period the (69) of students more than doubled, from 70,000 to more than 200,000. By 1973 about 10% of men (70) from eighteen to twenty-one were in universities and about 5% of women. All the universities are (71) institutions. Each has its own governing councils, (72) some local businessmen and local politicians as (73) as a few academics. The state began to give (74) to them fifty years ago, and by 1970 each university derived nearly all its (75) from state grants. Students have to pay fees and living costs, (76) every student may receive from the local authority of the place where he lives a personal grant which is enough to pay his full (77) , including lodging and food unless his parents are (78) Most students (79) jobs in the summer for about six weeks, but they do not (80) do outside work during the (81) year. The Department of Education takes (82) for the payment which covers the whole (83) of the universities, but it does not exercise direct control. It can have an important influence (84) new developments through its power to (85) funds, but it takes the advice of the University Grants Committee, a body which is mainly (86) of academics.67. [A] essentially [B] completely [C] remarkably [D] comparatively68. [A] altering [B] transferring [C] converting [D] varying69. [A] amount [B] quantity [C] population [D] number70. [A] counted [B] aged [C] seemed [D] lived71. [A] public [B] individual [C] private [D] personal72. [A] including [B] consisting [C] making [D] taking73. [A] good [B] long [C] little [D] well74. [A] grants [B] pensions [C] revenues [D] degrees75. [A] payments [B] charges [C] profits [D] funds76. [A] and [B] but [C] or [D] so77. [A] costs [B] prices [C] fees [D] fares78. [A] poor [B] generous [C] kind-hearted [D] rich79. [A] earn [B] take [C] derive [D] offer80. [A] obviously [B] surprisingly [C] normally [D] particularly81. [A] professional [B] intellectual [C] rational [D] academic82. [A] responsibility [B] advice [C] duty [D] pleasure83. [A] damages [B] waste [C] expenses [D] salaries84. [A] over [B] to [C] on [D] for85. [A] collect [B] contribute [C] distribute [D] gather86. [A] consisted [B] composed [C] made [D] takenPart VI TranslationDirections: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. She has got used to________________________(用吸管喝牛奶) though she is only two months old.88. Depending on what you are looking for, you have to judge for yourself____________________________(这写资料对你来说有多大的相关性)。

2021年英语四级写作模拟习题及答案（卷十）【题目】Directions: Suppose you were Li Ming. You want to apply for a job as a personal secretary to the General Manager of a trading company. Write a letter to the Human Resources Department of the company . You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below.1. 简要介绍自己并说明应征该职位2. 告知公司为什么对此感兴趣3. 简述你为何是合适人选【参考范文】An Application LetterDear Sir or Madam,I am Li Ming, a would-be graduate from Ninjing University. My major is English. Through the job advertisement, I have learned that you are hunting a qualified individual for a personal secretary to the General Manager of your esteemed company. I am fully convinced that I am the right person for the job.I realize that my future boss is extremely busy. However, it is exactly the challenge of my prospective position that attracts me. I am sure that my honesty, carefulness,patience,expertise , commitment and extensiveknowledge will produce an excellent job performance.Next month, I am going to graduate from the English Department of Nanjing University, and I have over two years of secretarial experience. I have enclosed the details of my academic record, skills, and language abilities. Thank you for your time in considering my application.Yours Sincerely,Li Ming【题目】For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic : How to Keep Psychologically Healthy? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1. 心理健康问题往往是导致疾病的原因2. 分析人们产生心理健康问题的原因(可从失业、压力过重、缺乏支持、缺乏人际交往能力等方面分析)3. 你认为人们应如何保持心理健康【参考范文】How to Keep Psychologically Healthy?One in four people will experience some kind of mental problem in the course of a year. When you fail to manage these problems, they are likely to cause various mental illnesses.The cause of mental health problems often vary a lot from one case to another. In today’s society, a good number of people are sufferingfrom heavy pressure. Others lack communication skills. In addition, a lot of people are ignorant of psychological knowledge about how to keep mentally fit.There are a lot of ways to curb mental health problems and keep psychologically healthy. Firstly, find the real cause of your mental health problem and see whether you can do something about it. Secondly, learn to relax yourself and take exercises to release the pressure. Lastly, you may find it helpful to talk to your partner or friend about your problem, or seek support and advice form a psychological consultant【大学英语四级写作模拟题一】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Work with a Person or Work with a Machine? You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given below:1)一些人喜欢和人打交道多的工作2)然而也有一些人更愿意和机器打交道3)你更喜欢哪种工作?为什么?【范文】Work with a Person or Work with a Machine?When asked about work preference, different people will give different answers. Some people like working with people. However, others prefer jobs which mainly involve objects or machines.Those people who have the first preference believe working with people usually makes one feel interesting and efficient. In addition, they maintain people can be inspired to bring forward new ideas by communicating or consulting with those around them. However, still others have different preferences. In their opinions, working with objects or machines can make one enjoy more peace and quiet. Besides, they argue, under such peaceful conditions, one can do more practical work, improve his skill and make technical renovations.Weighing up these two kinds of work, I prefer working with people. For one thing, I like to cooperate with others and work in a team. For another, although there are competition and rivalry, we can learn something from other people. Considering these, I think, working with people is beneficial to our career development.【大学英语四级写作模拟题二】1.当前，社会上有很多私立学校和培训学校;2.私立学校的利与弊3.你的看法【范文】It can be noticed that a large number of private schools or training organizations become a new landscape in education. When you read newspapers, when you watch TV, when you walk on the road, you will inevitably see lots of advertisements about private schools. There areprivate schools mainly dealing with foreign languages, computers, music and sports.However, is it a good or bad thing to have so many private schools? As a coin has two sides, so are the private schools. On the one hand, private schools can meet the special needs of the society or the particular requirements of people. On the other hand, they often bring people extra burden because of comparison and competition.When asked to decide whether we should have a society without private schools or a society with private schools, I will not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter. Although attending a training course will result in the extra cost or burden, it is of tremendous merits in preparing my work and cultivating my skills.【大学英语四级写作模拟题三】Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay entitled OnVolunteering activities. You should write at least 120words following the outline given below:1、越来越多的人从事志愿者工作2、志愿者工作的社会意义3、作为大学生，应该怎么做【范文】In recent years, the volunteering spirit has spread among the Chinese people, especially amongyoungsters. According to a survey, in2008, there were about 1,700,000 volunteers whooffered service for Olympic Games. Actually, an increasing number of people become volunteersevery year in China.Volunteering actions are of tremendous benefits to both those in need and the society. OlympicGames are a good example. As is known to all, volunteers played an active role in BeijingOlympic Games. Without them, it would be a tough task to hold this un-precedent OlympicGames. Therefore, we can say that it was those volunteers who ensured the success of thesegames.As modern college students, we should get actively involved in volunteering activities. Byparticipating, we can learn how to work well in a team, how to improve our interpersonal skillsand organizational ability. Undoubtedly, all of these are critical for our person growth. So, weshould take this chance to learn and to grow.【大学英语四级写作模拟题四】1.有些人愿意和父母居住在一起2.有些人想自己独立居住3.我的看法参考范文：Some people enjoy living together with their parents after they have grown up. They hold the opinion because, living with parents, they can take better care of their parents and vice versa. Meanwhile, they canturn to their parents for help if they get into trouble or have some difficulties. To them, life in a big family seems to be more enjoyable than that in a small family.Others, however, prefer to live separately. They cherish the idea to be independent of their parents, seek more freedom and wish to have a place of their own, in which they can do what they like. Bedsides, they don't want to be overprotected by their parents but long for chance to face the society by themselves.As to me, I like an independent life style in spite of the fact I love my parents. Different generations have different life styles and values. What one generations likes may not be another generation's fondness. Living separately, each generation can enjoy different value. In addition, by leading an independent life, I can train my character and develop my own ability to deal with things encountered in my life.【大学英语四级写作模拟题五】Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Internet. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below:1、互联网使用的现状，2、大学生是否应该使用互联网，人们的看法不同，3、我的看法。

21年12月四级作文及答案英文回答：The December 2021 CET-4 writing topic was about the impact of social media on interpersonal relationships. Social media has become an integral part of our lives, and it has both positive and negative effects on our relationships.On one hand, social media has made it easier for us to connect with others. We can stay in touch with friends and family who are far away, and we can meet new people with similar interests through online communities. Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and WeChat provide us with a convenient way to communicate and share our lives with others.On the other hand, social media can also have a negative impact on our relationships. It can create a sense of superficiality and distance, as we often compare ourlives to the highlight reels of others. This can lead to feelings of inadequacy and jealousy, which can strain our relationships. Moreover, social media can also lead to misunderstandings and conflicts, as messages can be easily misinterpreted without the context of tone and body language.In conclusion, social media has both positive and negative effects on interpersonal relationships. It is important for us to use social media in a responsible and mindful way, and to prioritize face-to-face interactionsand meaningful connections. Only then can we truly foster genuine and fulfilling relationships.中文回答：社交媒体对人际关系的影响是2021年12月四级写作的题目。

2021年6月英语四级作文答案Here are a few paragraphs that fulfill the requirements for a potential answer to an English essay prompt for a CET-4 exam in June 2021, written in an informal and conversational tone while maintaining diverse linguistic characteristics:I remember when I first started learning English. It was like trying to speak a whole new language withdifferent rules and sounds. But little by little, I began to understand the beauty of this language. I started listening to English songs and watching movies in English. It really helped me get a better grasp of the language.Recently, I've been trying to improve my English speaking skills. I found this really challenging becauseI'm not used to speaking out loud. But I've been practicing with friends and using language exchange apps. It's been really fun, and I'm surprised how much progress I've made.I think one of the most important things in learning a new language is to immerse yourself in it. That's why I love traveling to English-speaking countries. It's a great way to practice my listening and speaking skills in real-life situations. Plus, I get to explore new places and meet new people.My favorite part about learning English is the vast amount of resources available. There are so many books, movies, songs, and even online courses that can help me improve. It's never been easier to learn a language, andI'm really grateful for all the tools I have at my fingertips.Learning a new language is a journey, and I'm excited to see where it takes me. I'm sure I'll make mistakes and have challenges, but that's all part of the fun. I'm looking forward to continuing my English learning adventure and seeing what new opportunities it brings.。

2021年英语四级考试作文题目The 2021 English CET-4 Writing Topic: The Influence of Social Media。

In recent years, the influence of social media has become increasingly prominent. It has penetrated into all aspects of people's lives, affecting their work, study, and interpersonal relationships. The impact of social media on individuals and society as a whole is profound and far-reaching.Firstly, social media has changed the way people communicate. With the development of social media platforms such as WeChat, Facebook, and Twitter, people can easily keep in touch with friends and family, share their thoughts and experiences, and obtain information from all over the world. This has greatly enriched people's social lives and broadened their horizons. However, it has also led to a decline in face-to-face communication, making people more inclined to communicate through screens rather than in person.Secondly, social media has had a significant impact on people's emotions and mental health. On the one hand, social media provides a platform for people to express themselves and seek emotional support. On the other hand, excessive use of social media can lead to addiction, anxiety, and depression. The constant comparison with others' seemingly perfect lives and the pressure to present oneself in a favorable light can take a toll on individuals' mental well-being.Furthermore, social media has changed the way people obtain and disseminate information. It has become a major source of news and information for many people. However, the spread of fake news and misinformation on social media platforms has become a serious problem. People are often unable to distinguish between truth and falsehood, which can have a negative impact on their understanding of the world.In addition, social media has also affected people's work and study. Many companies and educational institutions use social media as a tool for communication andcollaboration. However, the excessive use of social media at work or in school can lead to decreased productivity and concentration.In conclusion, the influence of social media on individuals and society is undeniable. While it has brought convenience and opportunities, it has also brought challenges and risks. It is important for people to use social media wisely and critically, and for society to regulate and manage its impact in order to maximize its benefits and minimize its negative effects.。

2021年英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案（卷十）A. purposesB. secureC. howeverD. convinceE. projectF. failureG. unfamiliarH. furthermoreI. communityJ. appreciateK. expert L. appropriate M. conveyed N. engaged O. assureTo be a successful speaker, it is essential for you to know why you are speaking and what you wish to accomplish by your speech. The four most common 1____A___ of speech are to inform, to convince, to move to action, and to entertain. Do you, like a teacher or a/an 2____K___ in a field, wish to make your ideas clear to people 3____G___ with your subject? Or, like a debater, wish to convince the judges or the audience? Or, like a fund raiser for a naturalist foundation, wish to 4____B___ donations or collect cash? Or like a comedian or an after-dinner speaker, wish to entertain? The language and tone that you use must be 5____L___ for you purpose, for your audience, and for the occasion. A speech to the graduating class will have quite different language, tone, and manner of presentation, for example, from information 6___M____ to a group of your friends. 7____H___, no matter how talented the speaker is, a talk without adequate preparation is usually a 8____F___. To speak without preparing is to shoot without taking aim. Decide what your aim or objective is; then state it in a complete topic sentence such as “My purpose is to 9___D___ the class that cats as well as dogs should require licenses in our 10___I____.”Make sure that your subject isdefinite and not too broad. Then you should write an outline before adding details to it.1. They are busy, often stressed out, and don’t like to wait and they eat, talk, walk, and drive fast.2. If you recognize yourself, you should remember to slow down and take more time for everything.3. They might seem unfriendly and difficult to get along with.4. Someone who is a sweetheart, a team player, or a people person may have a Type B personality.5. People with Type A personality work hard to succeed and to get what they want.6. As the opposite of Type A personality, the Type B personality is easygoing, patient, and friendly.7. We should learn to live in the present and stop worrying about the future.8. People with Type B personality are able to relax and have fun and they live a more balanced life.1. 许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用。

2021年大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案（卷十）个人集体不管是在一个公司，还是在一个政府里，重大的决定总是个人作出的，而不是集体。

我们需要集体的讨论，因为可以交流看法和经验。

但是集体讨论不能代替个人的作用。

理由很清楚，如要作出一个重大的决定，集体总是不能对迅速变化的事件作出同样迅速的反应。

参考译文An important decision is always made by individuals not by committees whether it involves a company or a government. We need committees because that’s where people could share their opinions and experiences. But they could not replace individuals .The reason is obvious: a committee faced with a major decision can’t always move as quickly as the events it is trying to respond to.电脑技术有些人担心电脑技术的广泛使用会进一步恶化就业形势。

但另一种观点认为尽管这对个人来说会丢掉饭碗，对整个社会来说由于提高了生产率，因而有利于经济的发展。

不管对社会影响如何，有一点是肯定的：有技术的人变得越来越吃香，没技术的人工作越来越难找。

参考译文Some people are worrying that the wide use of computer technology will cause further unemployment. Another argument however holds that although some individual swill lose their jobs societyas a whole will benefit economically through increases in productivity. Despite its effects on society one thing is certain :the technically trained will become ever more valuable while the jobs for the blue-collar population will become less available.【翻译原文】算盘(abacus) 是一种手动操作计算辅助工具形式。

大学英语四级考试全真模仿试题答案解析（试卷二）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Competitions and Personal DevelopmentNowadays，competition has almost become a natural part in every aspect of our life. On the sports ground，for example，sportsmen do their best to win the champion. In the business field，businessmen try every means to gain more profits；in school，students exert all their efforts in a race against their classmates for good marks.Competition is cruel，but does play an important part in one’s personal development. Firstly，competition stimulate us to work harder. As we know we may fail if we fall behind the others，we will devote more efforts to work，which will inevitably help to improve our abilities. Secondly，competition can make us psychologically strong. Since only the fittest survive，we’ll have to become strong to adapt to the cold competitions. Thirdly，competition strengthens the idea of equality of opportunity，so that each person has chances to display his ability. In a word，it’s competition that helps to bring our ability into full play.In my opinion，competition is a double-edged sword，It can sharpen one’s skills and capabilities on the one hand；on the other hand it can also weigh down a person with unbearable pressure. So it’s important to for an individual to view competition in a constructive way，so that we can use it dynamically rather than destructively for personal development.评析：本文段落清晰明了，并采用了总体分说办法，先阐明竞争激烈现象，列举了各个领域竞争。

12月四级考试作文题目及参考「最新」xx年12月四级考试作文题目及汇总「最新」For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay menting on the saying“Learning is a daily experien ___ and a lifetime mission。

” You can cite examples to illustrate the importan ___ of lifelong learning“。

You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words。

Learning is a daily experien ___ and a lifetime mission。

This is a proverb full of logic。

In other words， learning is significant in our whole life。

Indeed， we can learn___ny things from it。

If you understand it and apply it to your study or work， you’ll ne ___ssarily benefit a lot from it。

there are ___ny reasons which can explain this phenomenon and the following are the ty///picing the difficulties in the future。

more importantly， we can enrich our spare time life by learning。

no ___tter who you are， you must remember that learning is the basic skill in our life.Currently in this constantly changing world， learning bees a seemingly convenient but actually more plex___tter。

6月大学英语四级训练题参照答案作文【答案】Living alone or Living with RoommatesNowadays，there has appeared a heated discussion among the college students as to whether they should live alone outside the campus or live together with other roommates in the students’ dormitory. Opinions are divided over the matter.Those who are in favor of Living alone maintain that it is very convenient to live by themselves. They can enjoy absolute freedom in a room of their own. They can have their own timetable without disturbing others. They are also free to equip the room with a personal computer so that they can have easy access to the Internet.But others argue that living with roommates has attractions of its own. With several students sharing the same room，each person’s experiences can be greatly enriched. They can learn a lot from talking to one another. By learning to tolerate the differences between individuals，they can become more mature.As far as I’m concerned，I prefer to live with roommates because I love the feeling of belonging. Besides，it is a lot cheaper to live in a dorm than to rent a apartment outside the campus.点评：本文与校园生活密切有关，也是近年来浮现现象，人们对此看法各异，后，四级作文考查加大了学校生活类题目考查，由于此类题材不存在地区差别，不同地区同窗均有话可说。

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验所有在线一对一课程：.com/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）综合题，请依照题目给出内容，来回答下面给出试题。

Part I Writing (30 minutes)请依照上面给出内容，来回答下面简答题（共1题）。

Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic “Education：Examination-Oriented or Quality-Oriented”. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 应试教诲现状及其因素;2. 素质教诲长处;3. 你观点。

(本题0 分)请填写答案：Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions：In this part，you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For questions 1-7，choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). For questions 8-10，complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Selling Expertise on the Internet for Extra CashTeresa Estes，a licensed mental-health counselor，watched as business at her private practice decreased last year. Then the single mother turned to her keyboard toboost her income.Ms. Estes applied to become an “expert”on LivePerson Inc.，a Web site where clients pay for online chat time with professionals and advisers of all fields. For $1.89 a minute —a rate she set —the 39-year-old from Marianna，Fla.，dispenses advice to clients around the globe. She spends about four hours a day online，often at night，when her daughter has gone to bed.“It was the economy,”she says of her move to take her skills online. “Live Person is more profitable than my private practice.”Ms. Estes had charged her private clients up to $75 an hour.As the recession deepens，a small but growing number of people are taking their skills online，offering expertise or performing specified tasks for a fee. Labor-at-the-keyboard sites are gaining popularity as people increasingly turn to the Web in search of work. Internet job-search sites saw a 51% rise in traffic from January to January ，according to comScore Media Metrix，to 26.7 million unique visitors.Among the many fee-for-service Web sites out there，at least three are attracting a significant number of users —though consumers should exercise a healthy degree of skepticism when consulting any of these sites. Live Person seeks out experts on a slew of topics，including mental health，financial services，shopping and fashion，as well as psychics and spiritual advisers. Mechanical Turk，a Web service run by Inc.，pays workers to perform tasks，such as cataloging products online. Associated Content pays contributors to write articles on a wide range of subjects，from organic flower gardening to how to apply for financial aid.Live Person went public in ，and the current version of the site was launched in late . Today，the site has 30,000 registered experts，attracting an average of 100,000 people a year who pay for the offered services，says Chief Executive Officer Robert LoCascio. Roughly 3,500 people have made contributing to the site their full-time job，he says.Live Person says it vets contributors’qualifications，such as medical licenses or financial certification，through a third party，and relies heavily on its community reviews. Some 200 people a day apply to be Live Person experts，up from 120 a year ago，says Mr. LoCascio. Once cleared，advisers work with clients on a cost-per-minute basis set by the adviser. The site takes a commission of between 30% and 35%.Associated Content，by contrast，reviews submissions in house and then decides how much to pay for them. The site，which specializes in how-to pieces and feature stories on news topics，had 237,000 registered contributors and more than one million content pieces as of February，both about double from the same month a year ago.After posting the content，the site sells advertisements against it and distributes it to other companies，such as online shoe retailer Zappos，which use the content on their own Web sites. If Associated Content accepts a submission (it says it rejects about 25% of them)，the author gets between $5 and $30，plus $1.50 for each 1,000 page views. An ability to write “search-engine-optimized”content，an industry term for generating good Google results，helps，says site founder Luke Beatty.People are not only looking for payment but also establishing their credentials“as somebody with experience”，he says. Writing about a specific profession，such as law or real estate，helps raise a person’s profile online，enhancing his job searches，says Mr. Beatty.Sabah Karimi，a 26-year-old from Orlando，Fla.，left a career in marketing to become a full-time freelance writer and now spends between 8 and 10 hours a week writing for Associated Content. She has been at it for about three years and says she earns roughly $1,000 a month from her past and current submissions.Ms. Karimi cautions newcomers to Associated Content that it takes time to build up earnings. She says she learned how to write articles that would bring traffic and often looks for newsy ideas that will attract readers.Mechanical Turk，by contrast，is based on “crowd sourcing”，or breaking a task into lots of tiny pieces and giving it to a big group of people to complete quickly. Most of these jobs —which the site calls HITs，for human intelligence tasks —pay just a few cents. Efficient MTurkers，as they call themselves，can make more than $100 a week doing things such as finding someone’s email address or labeling images of a particular animal in a photograph.Amazon says that MTurk now has 200,000 workers from 100 different countries，but it doesn’t keep track of past figures.The site —named for an 18th-century stunt involving a turbaned chess-playing “machine”with an actual chess master hidden within —began as a way to help Amazon manage its product database，says Sharon Chiarella，vice president of Amazon Mechanical Turk. Amazon uses the site to help sort images and content，paying people a few cents a task. Mechanical Turk also serves a variety of companies who need Web tasks performed，especially those that require a human element. Test-prep startup Knewton Inc.，for example，uses it extensively for focus-group-type tasks，as well as enlisting people to take its practice tests.Keri Knutson，a mother of five from Independence，La.，discovered Mechanical Turk when her eldest son was headed for college. Ms. Knutson，now 45，needed money for his tuition and fees. She took on all kinds of low-paying but easy tasks at the beginning，from finding a place to purchase a specific item to identifying the name of a street in a photograph.People looking to make money online as fee-for-service experts should read the fine print. Live Person has one of the more formal payment systems，requiring users to sign up for an account before talking with an expert. Some sites，including Associated Content and Mechanical Turk，reserve the right to refuse payment if a task is not completed satisfactorily.Most sites have a robust community of workers who regularly offer one another tips on which tasks pay the best. Mechanical Turk users have an independent site called Turker Nation ()，which reviews the companies that solicit (索求) and pay for tasks so that workers can check a company’s record before taking on a task.Consumers who use these sites also need to exercise caution. Relying on legal or medical advice from an unknown online source has obvious drawbacks，and the Web sites acknowledge that some users have registered complaints about the advice offered on the sites. LivePerson warns consumers to offer their financial and personaldetails with care.For the workers on these sites，even incremental sources of income are helpful these days. Ms. Knutson now spends the majority of her time transcribing Web audio and video for clients，earning about $250 a week for 30 hours of work. She says she has seen more competition lately but is determined to keep up her weekly pace.“If I didn’t have this money,”she says，“we’d be struggling to find what to eat every week.”请依照上面给出内容，来回答下面单项选取题（下列每小题备选答案中，只有一种符合题意对的答案。

2021年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（1）1. What did Stella Bianchi expect the young boy’s mother to do when she talked to him?A) make an apologyB) come over to interveneC) discipline her own boyD) take her own boy away2. What does the author say about dealing with other people’s children?A) it’s important not to hurt them in any wayB) it’s no use trying to stop their wrongdoingC) it’s advisable to treat them as one’s own kidsD) it’s possible for one to get into lots of trouble3. According to professor Naomi white of Monash university, when one’s kids are criticized, their parents will probably feel___________________________A) discouragedB) hurtC) puzzledD) overwhelmed4. What should one do when seeing other people’s kids misbehave according to Andrew fuller?A) talk to them directly in a mild wayB) complain to their parents politelyC) simply leave them aloneD) punish them lightly5. Due to the child-centric nature of our society,______________________A) parents are worried when their kids swear at themB) people think it improper to criticize kids in publicC) people are reluctant to point our kids’ wrongdoingsD) many conflicts arise between parents and their kids参考答案：1. A2. D3. B4. A5. C2021年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（2）1. In a world where everyone is exhausted from over work and lack of sleep,____________________________A) it’s easy for people to become impatientB) it’s difficult to create a code of conductC) it’s important to be friendly to everybodyD) it’s hard for people to admire each other2. How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school?A) they’d question the teachersB) they’d charge up to the schoolC) they’d tell the kids to clam downD) They’d put the blame on their kids3. Professor white believes that the notions of a more child-centred society should be____________________4. According to professor white, today’s parents treat their children as something they___________________5. Andrew fuller suggests that , when kids behave inappropriately, people should not______________________ 参考答案：1. B2. D3. challenged4. can be proud of5. stay silent2021年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（3）1. Television is an attractive advertising medium inthat_____A____.A) it has large audiences B) it appeals to housewivesC) it helps build up a company's reputation D) it is affordable to most advertisers2. With the increase in the number of TVchannels____D_.A) the cost of TV advertising has decreased B) the nuiflber of TV viewers has increasedC) advertisers' interest in other media has decreasedD) the number of TV ads people can see has increasedpared with television, newspapers as anadvertising medium__B___A) earn a larger annual ad revenue B) convey more detailed messagesC) use more production techniques D) get messages out more effectively4.Advertising on radio continues to grow because____C_______.A) more local radio stations have been set up B) modern technology makes it more entertainingC) it provides easy access to consumers D) it has been revolutionized by Internet radio.5.Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to_____A___.A) reach target audiences B) modern technology makes it more entertainingC) appeal to educated people.D) convey all kinds of messages2021年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（4）1. What is the author’s profound belief? A[A] People instinctively seek nature in different ways.[B] People should spend most of their lives in the wild.[C] People have quite different perceptions ofnature.[D] People must make more efforts to study nature.2. What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays? D[A] Personal freedom.[B] Things that are natural.[C] Urban surroundings.[D] Things that are purchased.3. What does a study in Sweden show? B[A] The natural environment can help children learn better.[B] More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.[C] A good playground helps kids develop their physical abilities.[D] Natural views can prevent children from developing ADHD.4. Children who have chances to explore natural areas ____D____.[A] tend to develop a strong love for science[B] are more likely to fantasise about wildlife[C] tend to be physically tougher in adulthoodD] are less likely to be involved in bullying5. What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD? D[A] Find more effective drugs for them.[B] Provide more green spaces for them.[C] Place them under more personal care.[D] Engage them in more meaningful activities.2021年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（5）1. What is British food generally known for? BA) Its unique flavour. C) Its special cooking methods.B) Its bad taste. D) Its organic ingredients.2. The Second World War led to in Britain. AA) an inadequate supply of food C) an increase in food importB) a decrease of grain production D) a change in people's eating habits3. Why couldn't Britain compete with some of its neighbouring countries in terms of food in the post-war decades? BA) Its food lacked variety. C) It was short of well-trained chefs.B) Its people cared more for quantity. D) It didn't have flavourful food ingredients.4. With culinary improvement in recent years, London's restaurants are now able to appeal to the tastes of . CA) most young people C) all kinds of overseas visitorsB) elderly British diners D) upper-class customers5. What do Hong Kong diners welcome, according to Welsh executive chef David Tamlyn? CA) Authentic classic cuisine. C) New ideas and presentations.B) Locally produced ingredients. D) The return of home-style dishes.2021年公共英语四级考试模拟试题及答案（6）1. Everyone is busy _____ the examination in the classroom.A. withB. forC. onD. under答案： A解析：注意几个固定搭配： be busy (in) doing sth 忙于做…; be busy with sth 忙于…; busy oneself (in) doing sth 忙于做……; busy oneself with sth 忙于……。

2021年大学英语四级(CET-4)真题模拟训练【附答案】写作第一版：For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying"Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission."You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning“. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.破题思路:第一段: 解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨 : “学习的重要性”第二段: 分析原因此处可以结合例子.第三段: 得出结论此文章写作时可以全面参照有道考神四级写作课程中“功能句”的讲解。

参考范文:Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission. This is a proverb full of logic. In other words, learning is significant in our whole life. Indeed, we can learn many things from it. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.There are many reasons which can explain this phenomenon and the following are the typical ones. The first reason is that learning can light our road in the coming future. There is no denying the fact that the society is developing increasingly fast and we are often easily surpassed by the people around. The only way to avoid this is to learn to improve ourselves. As an illustration, I’d like to take myself as an example. After graduation from college, my life has been full of working pressure, which contributes to my decision of pursuing further education. That’s why I can make my own way in such a competitive society.The effect of learning can be boiled down to two major ones. First, with the spirit of learning, we are more capable of overcoming the difficulties in the future. More importantly, we can enrich our spare time life by learning. No matter who you are, you must remember that learning is the basic skill in our life.写作第二版：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying"Listening is more important than talking." You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of paying attention to others'opinions. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.破题思路:第一段: 解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨 : “倾听重要性”第二段: 分析原因此处可以结合例子.第三段: 得出结论此文章写作时可以全面参照有道考神四级写作课程中“功能句”的讲解。