初中英语中考英语阅读理解易错题精选
一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）
1．根据短文内容理解选择正确答案。
C
What is your favorite color? Ask famous persons like Cate Blanchett, Scarlett Johnson, and Bono （singer for the band U2）, and maybe they will say “green.” That’s not because these artists like the color green best. Instead, they are interested in green fashion.
Green fashion is about making （and wearing） clothes that are good for humans, animals, and the Earth. In the past, green fashion made people think of ugly clothes. But today, green fashion is different. It is about looking good and caring about the Earth and other people. You can have interesting clothes and be green.
Around the world, green fashion is becoming popular. For example, the U.K. company People Tree sells men’s and women’s clothing and accessories（配搭物）. They are made from natural fabrics（织物）like cotton and wool. Workers who make the clothes are from countries like Kenya（肯尼亚）, and Bangladesh（孟加拉国）. People Tree pays the men and women good money for the clothes they make.
Singer Bono and his wife also started a clothing company called EDUN. When the clothes are sold, EDUN uses most of the money to help people around the world.
（1）From this passage, we know that “green fashion” means________.
A. putting green color on your face
B. making clothes from green trees
C. wearing the color green all the time
D. wearing clothes that are good for the Earth （2）Today, green fashion is ___________.
A. the same as it was in the past
B. making people work harder
C. more popular and interesting
D. mostly popular with famous persons
（3）Which sentence about green clothing companies is true?
A. They are all in Africa.
B. They do not pay their workers well.
C. They make clothes only for women.
D. They use natural fabrics to make clothes.
（4）What does EDUN do?
A. It teaches people to make clothes.
B. It makes interesting clothes for teenagers.
C. It sells clothes and uses the money to help people.
D. It pays people good money for the clothes they make.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】
⑴细节理解。根据第二段Green fashion is about making （and wearing）clothes that are good for humans, animals, and the Earth可知绿色时尚是做或者穿对人、动物和地球有益的衣服。故选D。
⑵细节理解。根据第二段But today, green fashion is different.和第三段Around the world, green fashion is becoming popular可知当今绿色时尚更受欢迎。故选C。
⑶细节理解。根据第三段可知he U.K. company People Tree sells men's and women's clothing and accessories（配搭物）. They are made from natural fabrics（织物） like cotton and wool. Workers who make the clothes are from countries like Kenya（肯尼亚）, and Bangladesh（孟加拉国）. People Tree pays the men and women good money for the clothes they make. 可知他们用天然纤维制作衣服。ABC错误，故选D。
⑷细节理解。跟最后一句When the clothes are sold, EDUN uses most of the money to help people around the world. 可知他们用钱帮助全世界的人们。故选Ｃ
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。
2．根据短文内容选择正确答案。
D
If you could see a movie of your life before you lived it, would you want to live it? Probably not. The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming.
Sure, it’s hard to see uncertainty in such positive（积极的）light when you’re out of work, or when you feel like you’re failing. But uncertainty is really another word f or chance.
When Allison graduated from Harvard, she had chan ces all over the place but had no idea what she wanted to do. She took a job in consulting（咨询）, but she knew she wouldn’t stay there. She took the GRE and scored so high that she was able to increase her income（收入）by teaching students. Still, she didn’t think she wanted to go to graduate school. Allison knew she wasn’t doing what she wanted, but she didn’t know what she wanted.
She worried. All her friends were going to graduate school or starting their own businesses. She was lost and felt that she would never find anything out. After six years, Allison, by having a general（全面的）plan in mind, got married, moved to the Midwest, and used her consulting experience to get a great job. Allison realized that she spent her years finding her way: time well spent, and time we must all take if we’re being honest with ourselves.
The only way to lead an interesting life is to face uncertainty and make a choice. Otherwise your life is not your own—it is a path someone else has chosen. Moments of uncertainty are when you create your life, when you become who you are. Uncertainty usually begins with a job hunt, but it doesn’t end there. Every new role we take on means another round of uncertainty.
Instead of fearing it, you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty.
（1）From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that .
A. being out of work is a sad thing
B. uncertainty is what makes life interesting
C. life in a film is more exciting than real life.
D. chance never appears when we need it
（2）What troubles Allison after graduation?
A. She couldn’t find a well-paid job.
B. She had no money to start a business.
C. She was not sure what to do.
D. She didn’t score high enough for graduate school.
（3）How did Allison feel about her six years’ working experience?
A. Uncertain.
B. Amazed .
C. Sorry.
D. Satisfied.
（4）What may be discussed in the following paragraph?
A. How to deal with uncertainty.
B. What role uncertainty plays in life.
C. Why people fear uncertainty.
D. Whom to go to when facing uncertainty.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】这是一篇关于人生的议论性短文。短文以艾莉森为例描写了人生的不确定性，也正是正在不确定性才让我们的生活变得更加有趣。但是短文最后并没有提出解决办法。
（1）细节理解。根据The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming.可知生活的刺激性正是因为他的不可预知性，故选B。
（2）细节理解。根据but had no idea what she wanted to do.及下文描述可知选C。
（3）细节理解。根据Allison realized that she spent her years finding her way:及本段描述可知选D。
（4）推理判断。根据you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty.及上文描述可知本段对不确定性进行了描述，但是并没有提出解决办法，故选A，如何处理不确定性。
点评：阅读中，要注意作者的观点，注意根据关键语句了解作者要表达的观点。然后带着问题，再读全文，完成阅读。
3．阅读理解
My family has had a great influence on me. When I was a kid, I learnt how to work from my family. My mum would never let me get away when there was something to be done. I learnt the importance of education. My parents would give me 50 dollars if I got As in school. They taught
me how to use and save money. My mum taught me how to cook, how to clean, and basically everything I needed to know to live on my own. My dad taught me how to garden, how to do home improvement, how to treat women and girls with respect, and how to put other people's needs above my own. My brothers and sisters taught me how to make a decision in conflict（矛盾）. I'm 22now, and I'll get married next year. I learn things from my parents' marriage by examples. For example, I've never seen my parents really fight. They had disagreements, but they were always in control and never let anger get the best of them. I think that's great, and I'm going to work towards that in my marriage.
I have a great family. I'm grateful that my parents chose to make it a great family.
（1）Who taught the writer to do some housework?
A. The mother.
B. The father.
C. The sisters.
D. The brothers.（2）When will the writer have a new family?
A. At the age of 22.
B. At the age of 24.
C. At the age of 23.
D. At the age of 21.（3）Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The writer's family influence the writer a lot.
B. The writer learns to save money.
C. The writer is a girl in the family.
D. The writer's parents never fight with each other.
（4）How will the writer's new family be according to the passage?
A. It will be a large family.
B. It will be a great family.
C. The family members will be different.
D. The family members will never get angry.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者的家庭对作者有很大的影响。
（1）推理题。根据My mum taught me how to cook, how to clean, and basically everything I needed to know to live on my own.我妈妈教我如何做饭，如何打扫卫生，以及基本上我需要知道的独立生活所需的一切可知，作者的妈妈教他做家务，故选A。（2）推理题。根据I'm 22now, and I'll get married next year可知，作者23岁时会有一个新家庭，故选C。
（3）推理题。根据My dad taught me how to garden, how to do home improvement, how to treat women and girls with respect,我爸爸教我如何园艺，如何改善家庭，如何尊重妇女和女孩可知作者是男孩，作者是家里的一个女孩是错的，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据I have a great family. I'm grateful that my parents chose to make it a great family.我有一个大家庭。我很感激我的父母选择让它成为一个伟大的家庭可知，作者的新家庭会是一个伟大的家庭故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
4．阅读理解
Esperanza lives in a poor Latino（拉丁美洲的）neighbourhood in Chicago, America. She dreams of having her own house one day. Her parents told her that when they moved from their last house, they would have a new and shiny（亮闪闪的） house. But the house is small and old. Many people live in Mango Street, in a big old house, Esperanza lives behind it with her family.
A lot of the people who have come from Mexico don't speak English. Many miss their home country. Esperanza understands their sadness, but she also feels at home in America. She is an American, but her roots（根） will always be Latino.
Esperanza is young. Like her friends, she has to grow up fast. She is stuck between being a girl and being a woman. In the poor and dangerous area where she lives, this is difficult for her. Mexican people usually live in a close neighbourhood. This means that people live packed（挤塞的） in together. Everyone knows everyone else. So Esperanza knows other older girls that do things she is not comfortable doing. It is just a fact of her life.
But Esperanza has good friends too. She becomes friends with two sisters named Lucy and Rachel. They ride bikes and have adventures（冒险） together. Esperanza is also friends with a girl named Alicia. Alicia is afraid of the rats in her apartment. She shares her poems with Esperanza.
（1）What is RIGHT about Esperanza?
A. She doesn't like what some of the older girls are doing.
B. She isn't quite used to her life in America.
C. She is an American and has a comfortable life.
D. She often lives with her friends enjoying doing things together.
（2）Where does Esperanza live?
A. In a big old house in Mango Street.
B. In a small and old house in Mango Street.
C. In a new and shiny house.
D. In a small and dangerous house.
（3）We can infer from the text that ______________.
A. many people who live in Mango Street are dangerous
B. Mango Street is an area where Esperanza's childhood is unforgettable
C. in Mango Street, people don't speak English
D. in Mango Street, everybody understands Esperanza s sadness
（4）What does the word "stuck" in the third paragraph mean?
A. hard to agree
B. hard to believe
C. hard to move
D. hard to have a correct idea （5）The passage is mainly a simple introduction to ______________.
A. a person's experience
B. a person's friends
C. a place named Mango Street
D. love and sadness from Mango Street
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
（5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了Esperanza住在美国芝加哥一个贫穷的拉丁美洲街区，房子又小又旧，及其危险困难的生活。
（1）细节题。根据So Esperanza knows other older girls that do things she is not comfortable doing.可知Esperanza不喜欢其他女孩做的不舒服的事情，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据But the house is small and old. Many people live in Mango Street, in a big old house, Esperanza lives behind it with her family.可知Esperanza的房子是小的旧的，住在Mango Street的后面，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据In the poor and dangerous area where she lives, this is difficult for her可知住在Mango Street是危险和困难的，故选A。
（4）细节题。根据前句Like her friends, she has to grow up fast.像她的朋友一样，她不得不快速成长，所以卡在了女孩和妇女间，即很难移动，即hardto move，故选C。
（5）细节题。根据全文可知主要介绍了Esperanza住在美国芝加哥一个贫穷的拉丁美洲街区，房子又小又旧，及其危险困难的生活。即个人经历的介绍，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
5．阅读理解
Willow Shields is an American film and television actress. She was born on June 1st, 2000 in Albuquerque, New Mexico. She has a twin sister and an elder brother. Willow is a very beautiful girl. She has golden hair, big eyes and sweet smiles.
Willow got her first job in 2008 and she acted in a 7-minute short film with her sister. In the film, she played the role of a little girl watching a gun fight. Her most famous role is Prim in the movie The Hunger Games. She worked hard for the movie and she read the book carefully before acting. Willow did so well that the director said, "It's so exciting to find an amazing young actress like her. We're very lucky to have her." Shields continued in her role until November, 2015, when the final of four movies of The Hunger Games series came out.
Because Willow is always busy, she is home schooled. She makes use of every chance to enrich herself. She especially loves reading. Besides, she is warm-hearted. In her free time, she often volunteers to send out food to homeless families.
（1）Willow Shields is ______________ years old now.
A. 6
B. 10
C. 12
D. 18
（2）Willow Shields acted in her first film with ______________.
A. her twin sister
B. her director
C. her brother
D. her best friend （3）From the director's words, we know that ______________.
A. Willow Shields is a lucky girl
B. the director is pleased with Willow
C. Willow Shields is a television actress
D. Willow Shields is a girl from New Mexico
（4）Willow Shields often ______________ in her free time.
A. goes to an amusement park
B. goes abroad with her friends
C. helps some homeless families
D. hangs out in a shopping mall
（5）Which of the following is TRUE about Willow Shields?
A. She has a brother and two sisters.
B. She gets to school every weekday.
C. She played a role in Harry Potter in 2008.
D. She acted in a film for the first time when she was 8.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
（5）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了美国电影和电视女演员——Willow Shields。
（1）细节题。根据She was born on June 1st, 2000 in Albuquerque可知出生在2000年6月1日，所以现在18岁了，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据She has a twin sister.Willow got her first job in 2008 and she acted in a 7-minute short film with her sister.可知她有一个双胞胎姐妹，并且在第一个电影中和双胞胎姐妹表演，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据Willow did so well that the director said, "It's so exciting to find an amazing young actress like her. We're very lucky to have her."可知Willow说：“找到一个像她一样的年轻女演员是令人兴奋的，我们非常幸运有她”，可知导演对她感到满意，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据In her free time, she often volunteers to send out food to homeless families.可知在空闲时间她经常志愿给无家可归的人发放食物，即帮助无家可归的人，故选C。
（5）细节题。根据She was born on June 1st, 2000 in Albuquerque, New Mexico.Willow got her first job in 2008 and she acted in a 7-minute short film with her sister可知出生在2000年，在2008年得到第一份工作，即和双胞胎姐妹表演7分钟英语短片，当时是8岁，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
6．阅读理解
Hover Camera
Wang Mengqiu, the inventor of Hover Camera, was born in Hangzhou in 1982. He once studied at Stanford University in the United States. He became famous overnight （一夜成名）because of the invention.
Forget selfie sticks（自拍杆）! Compared with other cameras, Hover Camera has many
advantages.
*It can fly and stay in midair, track your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture.
*It can be controlled by using a smartphone.
*It records movements with a 13MP camera and takes 4K video.
*It is the best choice for weddings, sports games and holidays.
Mr. Wang also said, "The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the users. It's .very light and small. It can be folded（折叠） in two, so it can be easily put into a bag. When the power is low, it can land on the ground safely on its own. "
It's reported that the company has raised $ 25 million to produce it. Hover Camera can be bought now. The price is $ 599.
（1）Hover Camera can.
A. swim in the water
B. fly in midair
C. change its weight
D. be used as a phone （2）The underlined word "track" means "___________".
A. pull
B. follow
C. push
D. show
（3）According to the passage, why is Hover Camera easy and safe to take?
A. Because it's light and small.
B. Because it can be folded in three.
C. Because it doesn't need power.
D. Because only a smartphone can make it land.
（4）Which is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. How can we control Hover Camera?
B. When can we buy Hover Camera?
C. How much is Hover Camera?
D. How popular will Hover Camera be?
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一种可以飞到半空中并悬浮在那的相机。
（1）细节题。根据文中列举的好处中的第一条 It can fly and stay in mid-air，可知它可以飞到半空中并悬浮在那，故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据文中列举的好处中的第一条track your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture，追随着你的脸，甚至会跟随你，以确保它得到了完美的照片，故可知track词义与follow相近，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据倒数第三段Mr. Wang also said，"The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the users. It's very light and small．王先生说："这个主要的考虑是使用者携带它的时候很容易也很安全，很轻而且小巧，故选A。
（4）细节题。A选项：根据文中列举的好处中的第二条It can be controlled by using a smartphone，它能被智能手机所控制，故排除A．B选项：根据倒数第二段Hover Camera
can be bought later this year它可以在年底购买，故排除B,C选项：根据倒数第一段But a spokesman says the company hopes to sell it for less than $600，可知价格也有被提到，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
7．阅读理解
A gentleman once advertised （登广告） for a boy to help him in his office, and nearly fifty persons asked for the place. Out of the whole number he chose one in a short time, and sent all the other boys away.
"I would like to know," said a friend, "on what ground you chose that boy. He didn't even have a recommendation （推荐信） with him."
"You are mistaken," said the gentleman, "he had a great many."
"He made his shoes clean when he came in, and closed the door after him, showing that he was orderly （井然有序的）."
"He gave his seat to the disabled old man, showing that he was."
"He took off his cap when he came in. and answered my questions quickly and respectfully （恭敬地）, showing that he was polite."
"He lifted up the book which I had purposely （故意地） laid on the floor, and put it on the table, while all the others stepped over it or pushed it aside, showing that he was careful."
"And he waited quietly for his turn, instead of pushing the others aside, showing that he was modest （谦逊的）."
"When I talked with him, I noticed that his clothes were carefully brushed, his hair in nice order, and his teeth as white as milk. When he wrote his name, I noticed that his fingernails were clean, instead of having some untidy personal habits."
"Don't you call these things letters of recommendation? I do, and the things that I can discover about a boy by using my eyes for ten minutes, are worth more than all the fine letters that he can bring."
（1）Choose the RIGHT word to complete the sentence in Paragraph 5 according to the context （上下文）.
A. kind
B. smart
C. lovely
D. healthy
（2）How did the gentleman know the boy was polite?
A. He made his shoes clean when he came in.
B. He took off his cap when he came in.
C. He waited quietly for his turn.
D. His teeth and fingernails were clean.
（3）The gentleman laid the book on the floor because.
A. he used to be like this
B. he wanted to know who was orderly
C. he tried to know who had tidy personal habits
D. he wanted to test the people who asked for the job
（4）What can you learn from this passage?
A. The gentleman was a foolish man.
B. All gentlemen can choose the right person by using their eyes.
C. Good behavior （行为） and good habits are important to a person.
D. One should pay more attention to his recommendation than to his behavior.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述的是一个男孩找工作，在众多的求职者中脱颖而出，这是因为他有着良好的行为习惯和良好的品质。
（1）词义猜测题。根据上一句 He gave his seat to the disabled old man他把座位让给了那位残疾老人，可知他是一个善良的人，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据He took off his cap when he came in，and answered my questions quickly and respectfully； showing that he was polite可知，男孩进来时脱下帽子，很快地恭敬地回答了我的问题。所以显示出他很有礼貌，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据He lifted up the book which I had purposely （故意地） laid on the floor, and put it on the table, while all the others stepped over it or pushed it aside； showing that he was careful可知，把书放在地上的原因是要测试找工作的人们是否捡起来，故选D。
（4）理解推断题。根据and the things that I can discover a boy by using my eyes for ten minutes, is worth more than all the fine letters that he can bring. 可知从文章中我们可以了解到一个人的良好的行为习惯和良好的品质是重要的，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题和推理判断题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。
8．阅读理解
Why does the sky change colors?
What is the sky? How high is it? What color is it? What birds can live above it? These questions are difficult to answer, aren't they?
In fact, the sky has no color. Then why does the sky look blue?
We know that there is air around the world. When planes fly, they need air to lift their wings. Planes can't fly very high. That is because the air gets thinner when they go higher. The same will happen to us if we go high enough. If we go up about 1, 200 kilometers from the earth, we'll find no air there. Some birds can fly into the sky as high as a plane, but they cannot fly or live without air.
Looking up above us, you will see the blue sky with white clouds. It is usually light blue. The color would be bluer when you see on the top of a high mountain. And you will see fewer clouds in the sky between you and the sun.
Sometimes the sky doesn't look blue. When the sun rises and falls, you will see red, orange, and other colors in the sky. Such are the most beautiful moments of the day.
Who can see the colors of the sky high above the earth? The astronauts! They can see those beautiful colors of the sky from the outer space. However, before flying into outer space, they sit in a spaceship high above the earth, and there is no air at all. The sky would be that dark and its color would be black.
Now you may understand that we see colors because the air scatters（使散射） the sunlight. light travels through the air. Without air, there would be no light or colors.
（1）Planes can't fly as high as possible because_________.
A. the sky is blue
B. the wings are heavier
C. the sky has no color
D. the air becomes thinner
（2）When you stand on the top of a high mountain, you will see_________.
A. more air
B. the bluer sky
C. more colors
D. more clouds
（3）In Ningbo, we might see many colors in the sky at _________during the day.
A. 6: 00 a. m.
B. 10: 00 a. m.
C. 1: 00 p. m.
D. 2: 00 p. m.（4）The sky changes colors because____________.
A. it's colorful itself
B. the world is colorful
C. the sunlight has colors
D. the air scatters the sunlight
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了天空为什么是有颜色的。
（1）细节题。根据Planes can't fly very high. That is because the air gets thinner when they go higher可知，飞机不能飞得尽可能高，因为空气变得稀薄了，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据The color would be bluer when you see on the top of a high mountain可知，当你站在高山的山顶上，你会看到蓝天，故选B。
（3）推理题。根据当太阳升起和落下时，你会看到天空中的红色、橙色和其他颜色。这是一天中最美好的时刻When the sun rises and falls, you will see red, orange, and other colors in the sky. Such are the most beautiful moments of the day可知，在宁波，我们可能会在白天上午的6点看到天空中的许多颜色，故选A。
（4）细节题。根据Now you may understand that we see colors because the air scatters （使散射） the sunlight，可知天空会变色，因为空气散射阳光，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
9．阅读理解
Bike-sharing has swept across China, with an increasing number of people choosing bike riding instead of driving. The bike that the service company provides has GPS or Bluetooth on it, and those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smartphone and left anywhere in public. Bike-sharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place easily.
In some cities, we can see more and more people riding this kind of sharing-bikes. It's very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smartphone. First, you have to download such an app on your smartphone. Then what you need to do is find a nearest hike through the app, scan the QR code on the bike or connect your phone with the bike over a Bluetooth wireless connection. You will find the bike can be unlocked itself. Then you can enjoy your trip. What's more, the greatest advantage of hike- sharing is that you can easily find one and never worry about where to park it. The cost of riding depends on the time that you spend. Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan. It doesn't cost so much, does it?
At the same time, some people park the hikes in their own homes. Besides, some people don't value the bikes. Now service companies are trying to solve the problems like being stolen.
Technology and science have changed our social lifestyles. We have to say bike- sharing brings us more convenience without doubt. And we also hope that people can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use.
（1）From the first paragraph, we know ______.
A. bike-sharing is invented in China
B. sharing-bikes are used by some people
C. most people in cities don t drive
D. sharing-bikes can be borrowed anywhere
（2）II you want to use a sharing-bike, you must _________ first.
A. have a smartphone and download an app
B. download an app and pay for the trip
C. unlock the bike and download an app
D. find a nearest bike and borrow it from anyone
（3）Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage?
A. Bike-sharing is very cheap.
B. Sharing-bikes may be stolen.
C. Sharing-bikes are easy to unlock.
D. Bike-sharing is a kind of green transport.
（4）The passage probably comes from a ________.
A. science textbook
B. tourist guide
C. website news report
D. restaurant menu
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是讲述了共享单车在中国越来越受欢迎。如果想使用共享单车，必须要有一个智能手机并下载一个应用程序。它使用起来非常方便，而且价格也很便宜。但是现在有的人不爱惜自行车，到处乱放，还有自行车被偷盗现象，服务公司正试图解决这个问题。毫无疑问自行车共享给我们的出行带来了更多的便利，我们要很好地利用它。（1）推理题。根据Bike-sharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place easily自行车共享让人们可以很容易地从一个地方借自行车，然后在另一个地方归还，可知一些人使用共享自行车，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据文中句子“It's very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smart phone. First, yo u have to download such an APP on your smart phone.”（如果你有智能手机，使用自行车非常方便。首先，你必须在智能手机上下载这样的应用程序。）可知，如果你想使用共享单车，你必须先有一个智能手机并下载一个应用程序，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据文中句子“The bike that the service company provides has GPS or Bluetooth on it. And those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smart phone and left anywhere in public.”可知，共享单车很容易解锁；根据“Now service companies are trying to solve the problem like being stolen.”可知，共享自行车可能会被盗；根据“The cost of riding depends on the time that you spend. Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan. It doesn't cost so much, does it?”可知，使用共享单车比较便宜；Bike-sharing is a kind of green transport ，自行车共享是一种绿色交通工具，文章没有提及，故选D。
（4）推理题。A 科学教科，B旅游指南，C网站新闻报道，D餐馆菜单，根据本文是讲述了共享单车在中国越来越受欢迎。如果想使用共享单车，必须要有一个智能手机并下载一个应用程序，可知短文来自网站新闻报道，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
10．阅读理解
Technology is everywhere. We see it any place we go and, in fact, almost all of us carry some piece of technology with us every time we leave the house. What I always forget, though, is just how useful and powerful technology can be when we want to help others.
There is not a single room in my house that does not have some electronic devices （设备）lying around in it. Whenever I am at home, I am almost always using at least one electronic device. If you walked into my living room on any given day, you would find that, first, I have the television on. At the same time, I usually have my laptop resting on my knee, or I will be using my mobile phone. Even when I'm not at home I am always using my phone, and at work or in cafés, I sit down and connect to the local wireless network on my laptop.
I must say that I waste a lot of time on the computer and the time I spend on it could be much better spent if I were to take up a little online volunteering.
The technology we carry about everywhere can have a great power to do good for the world and to help others and recently I discovered just how much online volunteering there is to do in
the world. From using your language skills to do translations, to developing and managing projects and helping with IT work, there is so much that so many people can do to help people in their own countries and across the world. The United Nations, in fact, has a huge page with "Volunteers Recruited" on its website.
This work can support the poor and help charities who cannot pay for staff members. Many organizations only require you to work an hour a week﹣some even less. And the support provided by online volunteers can really help make a difference to those in need.
（1）From Paragraph 2, we can know that the writer .
A. is a computer engineer
B. works in a café
C. uses technology a lot
D. likes modern music
（2）The underlined word" Recruited" in Paragraph 4 means" ".
A. Ordered
B. Visited
C. Wanted
D. Warned
（3）In the writer's opinion, people should spend more time with technology.
A. working on computer programs
B. keeping the Internet safe
C. inventing electronic products
D. helping people in need
（4）What can be the best title for the passage？
A. Online Volunteering
B. Internet Organizations
C. Website Design
D. Online Translation
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了科学技术已经渗透进了我们的生活，我们每天都在使用这些科技带来的方便中。但作者认为我们应该利用这些先进的技术去帮助别人，这样才能体现出这些科技的力量。
（1）推理题。根据There is not a single room in my house that does not have some electronic devices（设备） lying around in it.的意思可知，在作者的家里，没有一个房间里是没有电子设备的，也就是说作者使用非常多的电子设备，下面的文字作者举例来说明，如television, laptop, mobile phone等，故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据该段中I discovered just how much online volunteering there is to do in the world.可知，作者发现在网上有很多在线志愿活动，而这句话说的就是联合国在网上招募志愿者的一个网站，由此我们可以知道划线这个单词应该是“招聘”的意思，与wanted 同义，故选C。
（3）推理题。根据I must say that I waste a lot of time on the computer and the time I spend
on it could be much better spent if I were to take up a little online volunteering以及下一段的开头The technology we carry about everywhere can have a great power to do good for the world and to help others可知，作者觉得自己浪费了很多时间在电脑上，这些时间他可以更好的利用起来去从事一些网上的志愿者工作。由此我们可以知道，作者认为人们应该花费一点时间去帮助别人，故选D。
（4）主旨题。这篇短文开头部分作者讲述了我们周围无处不在使用着科学技术，短文的第一段中What I always forget， though， is just how useful and powerful technology can be when we want to help others点明文章的主题，从短文的第三段开始，作者对文章主题进行展开论述，即我们应该利用这些技术去做一些在线的志愿者活动，去帮助别人，所以C选项Online volunteering在线志愿者活动这个题目能点明文章的主题，故选C。A选项Website Design网站设计；B选项Internet Organization在线组织；D选项Online Translation 在线翻译，这几个选项都不符合文意，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
11．阅读理解
Need to buy something? Why go to a store? Buy it on the Internet! Need it now? Why wait? Ask to receive it the next day! Each day, more and more people try on-line shopping. In fact, online sales have doubled in the last ten years. But not everyone is excited. Some scientists now say that online shopping is bad for the environment.
People are surprised to hear this." They think, I don't need to drive, and the business doesn't need to build a store, so there will be less pollution," says Nuria Prost, an environmental scientist. "But it is not so simple. In fact, online shopping is wasteful. It also adds to air pollution."
In truth, the Internet is not always as good a friend to the environment as it seems. For example, most people thought that the Internet would help offices use less paper and other materials. But paper use increased by33percent between 1986 and 1997."Online shopping could have similarly harmful results," says Nevil Cohen, a researcher of environmental science. Part of the problem is what people are buying these days. In the past, people bought things on the Internet that did not require much packing material, such as books and clothing. But now people also shop online for large, heavy pro ducts such as televisions, computers, chairs and tables. These products need to be packed in lots of plastic and paper. This creates a lot of waste.
Another problem caused by online shopping is air pollution. When customers buy products and ask to receive them the next day, online businesses often have to send them by air. Airplanes use much more oil than cars and produce more carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）. When people buy a lot of different things from different online businesses, this creates even more travel by airplane.
Online product returns are also a problem. For example, an online shoe store may allow customers to return shoes for free if they are wrong size. This doubles the packing materials and number of airline trips required to sell one pair of shoes.
"If people want to protect the environment, they need to think before they shop," says Prost.
"People need to ask themselves: Is this exactly what I want? Do I really need it tomorrow, or can I wait?" Online stores can also ask customers to pay money for returns. This may make people shop more carefully." Online shopping is fast and easy, "says Prost," but we can't forget the harmful result it has caused to the environment."
（1）The passage begins with several questions to .
A. introduce the main topic
B. describe online shopping
C. show the writer's opinion
D. list advantages of shopping
（2）What is the passage mainly about?
A. The Internet is not good to the environment.
B. Online shopping causes more air pollution.
C. Online shopping is bad for the environment.
D. Stop online shopping to protect the environment.
（3）Which of the following is to show that online shopping is wasteful?
A. Large products need more packing materials.
B. Paper use increased by 33 percent about ten years.
C. Businesses need to build a store to sell the products.
D. Online shopping costs less than shopping in a store.
（4）What is probably the best title of the passage?
A. A Good Deal to Make
B. A Different Lifestyle to Keep
C. A Cleaner Way to Shop
D. A New Business to Start
（5）Which of the following shows the structure（结构）of the passage?（P=Paragraph）
A.
B.
C.
D.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲述了网上购物对环境的危害，倡导人们清洁购物。
（1）意图判断题，根据 Each day, more and more people try on-line shopping. In fact, online sales have doubled in the last ten years. But not everyone is excited.可知，以上的几个问题是为了引出网上购物的话题。故答案是A。
（2）细节理解题，根据 Some scientists now say that online shopping is bad for the environment. 可知，短文主要在论述网上购物对环境的危害，故答案是C。
（3）细节理解题，根据 In the past, people bought things on the Internet that did not require much packing material, such as books and clothing. But now people also shop online for large, heavy pro ducts such as televisions, computers, chairs and tables. These products need to be packed in lots of plastic and paper. 可知，网上购买的产品的包装浪费了大量的包装材料，故答案是A。
（4）标题判断题，文章主要讲述了网上购物对环境的危害，倡导人们清洁购物，故答案是C。
（5）篇章结构题，通过阅读发现第一二段是独立的，接下来的三段是并列部分对于第二段进行论证，最后一段是总结性段落是对前面三段的总结，故答案是C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题涉及到的题型较多，包括目的意图题、细节理解题、标题判断题和篇章结构题。目的意图题需要找出句子之间的因果关系，细节理解题需要认真阅读，仔细在文中寻找答案，标题判断题需要抓住文章的中心，用精炼的短语概括中心，篇章结构题比较简单，一般来说只要能看明白文章的意思，就可以判定出它的结构方式。
12．阅读理解
When my brother and I were children, we spent a few weeks each summer in the countryside with our uncle. He was a geologist and loved to go on long walks to find stones to add to his collection at the university. More often than not, we followed him.
One day, we left early and this time, our uncle gave us two backpacks. "You can help me carry the samples（样本）," he explained.
Sure, why not? The whole day, we walked around the countryside, and every now and then, our uncle put stones in our bags. We were a bit surprised that sometimes he also took some stones out from our bags, but thought he had just found better samples.
We reached the house in the late afternoon. The backpacks were so heavy that we were really tired out when we put them on the ground. Yet our uncle's backpack was half-empty.
"Why did you give us so many stones?" we asked. "I didn't. You did, "he said, waiting for a while before continuing." You did not know it, but I made you go through a little attitude（态度） test today."
"What do you mean an attitude test?" we wanted to know.
"It is something someone once did to me. You see, I listened to every word you said. And whenever you complained（抱怨） about anyone or anything, I added a stone to your bags. And whenever you talked about something in an attitude of positive thinking, I took out a stone. And now look at your backpacks." We did. They were full. "I hope you remember this little attitude test. You see, your negative（负面的） thoughts are like stones. You carry them in your mind just like those stones in a backpack. The more negative thoughts you have, the heavier your mind is. So look at those bags and start paying attention to what you say and how you say things."
This little lesson was one of the most important I ever had. And I remember my uncle with great love for teaching us one of the most important lessons in life-the power of attitude.
（1）A geologist is a person who .
A. grows plants
B. studies the earth
C. sells stones
D. draws pictures （2）What did the writer and his brother often do when staying with their uncle in the countryside?
A. They often followed him to collect stones.
B. They often followed him to his university.
C. They often studied the stones with him.
D. They often took long walks to enjoy nature.
（3）When the writer and his brother returned home late in the afternoon, .
A. they were tired but happy that they had helped their uncle
B. they wished they could collect more sample stones
C. they found that their bags were filled with stones
D. they were angry to find their uncle's bag half-empty
（4）How did the uncle explain the attitude test to the author?
A. By giving examples of good stones.
B. By asking questions about the stones.
C. By using famous sayings about stones.
D. By comparing negative thoughts to stones.
（5）This article is mainly written to tell us that .
A. we should do science tests from time to time
B. we should spend more time collecting stories
C. we should be more positive when facing difficulties
D. we should pay more attention to our backpacks
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了跟叔叔在一起的时候做的一个态度测试，告诉我们一个道理，要用积极的态度去面对我们遇到的困难。不要让消极的思想占领你的大脑。（1）词义猜测题，根据 loved to go on long walks to find stones to add to his collection at the university. 可知他叔叔喜欢收集石头，并且放到学校的收藏里面，因此可是他是地质爱好者，应该是地理学家，地理学家就是研究地球的人，故答案是B
（2）细节理解题，根据 He was a geologist and loved to go on long walks to find stones to add to his collection at the university. More often than not, we followed him. 可知，作者和他的弟弟喜欢跟着他叔叔捡石头，故答案是A。
（3）细节理解题，根据 We reached the house in the late afternoon. The backpacks were so heavy that we were really tired out 可知背包里装满了石头，故答案是C。
（4）细节理解题，根据 I hope you remember this little attitude test. You see, your negative （负面的）thoughts are like stones. 可知在这个测试中他叔叔把消极的态度比作石头，，故答案是D。
（5）主旨大意题，根据文章的描述可知，不要把消极的态度整天装在脑子里，消极的思想越多你的思想越沉重，应该用积极的态度面对生活，面对遇到的困难，故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到词义猜测题，细节理解题和主旨大意题，词义猜测题可以根据句子的前后文根据合理的想象得出单词的意思，细节理解题则需要细读文章，从文章中直接找到答案，或者答案的依据。而主旨大意题需要早完全理解文章的基础上提炼出文章的中心。