中国人民大学考博英语新题型及其解析Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD(Organization of Economic
Co-operation and Development)countries，in particular，how to pay for
future public pension liabilities.And early retirement places
an__1__burden on pension financing.There is no easy solution，
but__2__retirement could help.
Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal，but it
is a socially__3__one，and makes the present public pension system
difficult to sustain for long.The__4__reason is that more people are
retiring early and living longer.That means more retirees depending
on the__5__of those in work for their income.The__6__is worrying.
In the next50years，low fertility rates and__7__life expectancy in
OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly
double__8__size.Public pension payments，which afford30-80%of
total retirement incomes in OECD countries，are__9__to rise，on Geng
duo yuan xiao zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi
xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun
qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi average，by over three percentage
points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some
countries.__10__is the pressure on pension funds that there is a
danger of today‘s workers not getting the pensions they expected or
felt they__11__for.
Action is needed，__12__simply aiming to reduce the__13__(and
cost)of public pensions，or trying to__14__the role of privately
funded pensions within the system，though necessary steps，may
be__15__to deal with the dependency challenge.After years
of__16__early retirement schemes to avoid__17__and higher unemployment，many governments are now looking__18__persuading people to stay in work until they are older.Surely，the thinking goes，if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less__19__and unemployment is down，then perhaps the__20__rate should rise anew.
1.[A]unsolvable[B]additional[C]unsustainable[D]undue
2.[A]delaying[B]retaining[C]detaining[D]hindering
3.[A]ultimate[B]unattainable[C]specific[D]expensive
4.[A]substantial[B]essential[C]potential[D]controversial
5.[A]donating[B]sponsoring[C]subsidizing[D]funding
6.[A]outlook[B]outcome[C]outbreak[D]outset
7.[A]prolonging[B]expanding[C]soaring[D]rising
8.[A]in[B]on[C]by[D]for
9.[A]conceived[B]reckoned[C]expected[D]meant
10.[A]As[B]Such[C]So[D]It
11.[A]should pay[B]paying[C]be paid[D]would pay
12.[A]but[B]for[C]and[D]thus
13.[A]multitude[B]implementation[C]application[D] generosity
14.[A]exaggerate[B]augment[C]magnify[D]multiply
15.[A]insufficient[B]influential[C]inefficient[D] intrinsic
