上海新世纪英语高一全部课文
高一第一学期
1. People from all walks of life
When a person grows up, he will take up different occupations in various work places. A society is thus made up of all walks of life. What kind of person do you want to be in the future? The following introductions may give you some idea.
TEACHER Teachers are professionals. They work in schools, colleges, universities and other educational institutions. They try their best to help students gain new knowledge and become useful people in society. Teachers are involved in many tasks, such as explaining lessons, giving homework and correcting papers. At the end of every term, they mark test papers and give grades to their students. Actually teachers do more. Often their impact on students stays all through their lives.
SURGEON Surgeons, like teachers, are also professionals. As a special group of doctors, surgeons operate on sick people and repair the organs that no longer work properly. Hospitals are their work places. After an operation, a surgeon takes care of the patient’s medical treatment until he gets well. The skills of a surgeon sometimes mean the differences between life and death.
SECRETARY A secretary works in an office. The job of a secretary often involves writing letters, answering telephone calls, and receiving people. A secretary stores information on a computer and puts papers in good order in file cabinets. As a link between the boss and the visitors, a secretary also helps the boss work out plans and timetables. Traditionally, more girls than boys work as secretaries. FASHION MODEL Fashion models wear the latest styles of clothes and show them to us through television, newspapers and magazines. Fashion show programmes usually have a large audience. The clothes and hairstyles of fashion models may seem strange to the elderly, but a large number of young people enjoy following trends and want to be dressed like the models. They collect fashion pictures
and admire those superstars of the catwalk.
Would you like to be one of the people introduced here? What do you want to do in the future?
2. What to choose?
Today more and more high school graduates go on to college. Most young people decide their courses of study for themselves. They do not wait for their parents to tell them what career to choose.
For example, Jack’s father practices medicine. Even though he wants his son also to become a doctor, he doesn’t insist that Jack study medicine when he finishes high school.
He believes that Jack must make up his own mind about his courses of study. His wife, on the other hand, disagrees with him. She thinks that Jack should become a doctor, and so he can become a partner with his father.
Jack isn’t sure what he wants to study in college. One day he feels that he’d like to become an engineer. However, the next day he thinks that perhaps he should study business management. Right now he is studying chemistry, biology, and physics. All of them will be useful if he finally chooses to study medicine in college.
Jack likes his father’s attitude, and is grateful that his father isn’t forcing him to become a doctor.
In some countries parents often decide what careers their children will follow --- especially their sons. Tchaikovsky(柴可夫斯基，1840-1893，俄国作曲家), the composer of Swan Lake(芭蕾舞剧《天鹅湖》), was asked to study law. He, however, didn’t take an interest in it. Tchaikovsky made a great decision on his own. He gave up his government service later and started to study music.
Some people think the young are probably going to be successful because they are doing the things they most want to do in life. Many people, however, disagree with them.
3. Michelangelo
Michelangelo(米开朗琪罗，1475-1564，意大利文艺复兴时期成就卓著的科学家、艺术家) was an Italian artist about 500 years ago. T oday he is still remembered as a great sculptor, painter, and architect.
Michelangelo came from a poor family. He was trained at an early age like any other craftsman in Italy. At thirteen, he started to work and learn in a workshop. The workshop belonged to one of the leading masters at that time. In the workshop Michelangelo was able to learn all the skills of sculpture. However, he wasn’t satisfied, and went on to study the work of the great masters of the past. Michelangelo worked hard and he mastered one problem after another. By the time he was 30, he was generally regarded as one of the outstanding sculptors of the age.
In 1508, Michelangelo was given a task --- to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel(位于罗马梵蒂冈的西斯廷教堂). At first, he tried to turn down this job, saying that he was not really a painter, but a sculptor. Finally, he agreed to do it. He then shut himself up in the chapel, let no one come near him, and got ready to work alone.
It took him four years to complete the paintings on the ceiling. Any ordinary person would find it hard to imagine what Michelangelo had gone through in those four years of hard and lonely work. Michelangelo, while working, had to lie on his back and paint. As a result, he became so used to looking upward that when he received a letter during that period, he had to hold it over his head to read it. Finally, the paintings were completed. The great and huge paintings on the ceiling and walls of the chapel have ever since become a fascination to people in Italy and all over the world.
Michelangelo left us with a great number of sculptures and paintings. Today his works are still examples for art students to study and follow. Home and overseas visitors can’t help but admire these masterpieces.
4. Jim Corrigan
Jim Corrigan, a well-built man in his late 20’s, works in a large hospital. Jim is an X-ray technician.
It is his job to develop the many X-ray films that are taken of people’s lungs, stomachs and other body parts.
Jim works in a darkroom, a room that is specially equipped for developing film. First he removes the film from the lead plates(金属片) that are used to hold it. Then he feeds the film into a developing machine. It takes about 90 seconds for it to develop. The film is then ready to be examined by a doctor.
Jim’s work is important, and both doctors and patients eagerly, often worriedly, wait for the results of his work. Jim doesn’t keep them waiting too long. He is quick and orderly at his job. This would not be unusual except for the fact that Jim Corrigan is blind.
“In the beginning it was tricky,” Jim explains, “The film comes in fiv e different sizes. And sometimes I would get them mixed up. But I have never let a mistake get out of the darkroom.” After some time, Jim learned to measure the film by running his fingers over the edges.
“I have a system,” explains Jim, “so that I can find things easily in the darkroom. It’s a simple system. I just keep my materials in order and put them back in the same place after I use them. I don’t have to search for anything.”
“Jim is quite capable and can be trusted,” says his boss, “I wouldn’t have him working here if he weren’t. And that brings me to the question of handicapped people. You can’t let yourself get upset about them. They want to be treated just like anybody else --- and they should be. They don’t want you to fell sorry for them.”
No one has to feel sorry for Jim Corrigan.
5. Starting a conversation with a foreigner in English
As you rode on the bus one day, a foreigner sat down beside you. Finally, here was a perfect opportunity for you to practice speaking English with a foreigner, you thought to yourself. But no words came into your head. You were tongue-tied! After 15 minutes, the foreigner got off the bus and
you didn’t utter a word! “What a shame!” you said to yourself.
If you have had such an experience, don’t feel bad. You’re not alone. What you need is a lesson in small talk. Here are some tips that will show you how to get started.
“HELLO” --- A STARTER First, exchange a “Hello” or “Hi” with the foreigner, but at the same time, pay close attention and see if he feels like chatting. Watch his facial expression and body language for cues. Having said his “Hello” or “Hi” in return, does he just stare out of the window or keep reading the book in his hand? That’s the cue for you to stop moving on. Don’t force a conversation on someone who wants to be left alone.
But what if the person stops whatever he is doing and looks back or smiles at you? These are positive cues, indicating you can keep talking and start a conversation!
SMALL TALK --- THE MAIN COURSE To start a conversation, you should choose a suitable topic. Then, what are the rules for choosing a suitable topic?
Perhaps the most universal topic of any conversation is the weather. Everyone has an opinion to share about the weather! Don’t immediately launch into serious topics lik e politics or religion. And don’t talk about personal matters, either. Stick to familiar subjects of a casual nature such as movies, music, sports, favourite things, or one’s likes and dislikes.
Small talk flows naturally. Raise open-ended questions rather than yes-no questions to keep the conversation going. Try to find points of connection between you and the person you are chatting with. Offer short comments on what the other person says, and listen attentively when what you say is being commented on. If you get such comments as “That’s interesting.”, “I agree.”, or “Me too.” then you know you’re on the right track.
You can have a lot of fun chatting in English with foreigners. They will, too. Try it! Making small talk can be one of life’s pleasures.
6. Never too busy for social manners
So you forgot to answer that party invitation you received. Now, the day has come and gone, and you’re feeling guilty because you never told the host you couldn’t attend.
“Don’t allow this oversight(疏忽) to ruin your relatio nship,” says R. Thomas Boone, a US social psychologist. “I would show up with a bottle of wine and say, ‘I owe(感激，亏欠) you one. I’m really sorry’,” Boone says.
Send an e-mail, make a phone call or reach out to the host another way. Whatever the method, do it as soon as possible.
If guests don’t answer the invitations on time, the host cannot possibly plan for the correct amount of food and drink. This may lead to hundreds or even thousands of dollars of waste.
“Everybody has a busy schedule now,” Boone says. If you know you are forgetful when it comes to making phone calls, try emailing your RSVPs as soon as the invitation arrives. RSVP is the short form of the French phrase “répondez s’il vous pla?t”, meaning “Reply, if you please”.
The following are some commonly used terms in invitation letters and their meanings. Be sure to know these and answer invitations properly.
RSVP, REGRETS ONLY Only guests who can’t attend need reply. You need to give a proper reason why you can’t attend.
RSVP BY… Guests should res pond with yes or no by the date indicated on the invitation. Setting a date gives guests a deadline. It is also a deadline for the host to connect guests who haven’t reply. RSVP BY E-MAIL Guests can respond by e-mail. Unlike phone calls, e-mails can be sent without regard to time of day or location.
7. Holidays and festivals in the United Kingdom
There are many national holidays in the United Kingdom. Among them, Easter, and Christmas are
two of the most famous.
EASTER The date of Easter varies each year. It usually falls in March or April. During the Easter holiday, people give each other chocolate Easter eggs. The eggs are opened and eaten on Easter Sunday. On Good Friday (the day before Easter, when Christians observe the day on which Christ died), hot cross buns(复活节前一个星期五吃的十字面包) are sold. They are toasted and eaten with butter. Easter Monday (the day after Easter) is a Bank Holiday. On that day, banks and other major businesses are closed; people may enjoy a trip to the seaside or watch an exciting sports game, such as football, or horse-racing.
CHRISTMAS For most British families, Christmas is certainly the most important holiday of the year. Families decorate their houses in bright colours. Usually a Christmas tree is placed in the front room, shining with coloured lights and interesting decorations.
On the morning of Christmas Day (December 25), many people go to church to celebrate the birth of Christ(耶稣基督). In the afternoon, they stay at home and open the gifts that were gathered around the tree. Later, they may watch the Queen appear on television to deliver her traditional Christmas message to the whole country. In the evening, the families sit down to a big goose (sometimes turkey) dinner. They round off the meal with pudding, a Christmas specialty.
Many traditions are connected with Christmas. For children, the most important one is that of receiving gifts. On Christmas Eve (December 24), they usually leave a long stocking hanging by the bed or by the fireplace. They hope that Father Christmas will come down the chimney during the night and bring them small presents. They are usually not disappointed!
December 26, Boxing Day, is also a public holiday. This is the time to visit friends or watch football. Students have several weeks off school for Christmas.
8. How do different cultures around the world celebrate the New Year?
Get ready to say good-bye to the old, hello to the new! What’s the occasion? The coming of the New Year.
Many Western cultures measure their days with the solar calendar. Therefore, they observe the coming of New Year on January 1. Cultures in Asia and Middle East use other calendars, such as the more ancient lunar calendar. They celebrate the New Year at other times.
Events and ceremonies vary from country to country. But in each places, New Year celebrations are a big meal.
Most world cultures have been celebrating the New Year for centuries. The earliest New Year celebrations took place during spring or harvest time. With better weather ahead, or plenty of food to eat in winter, people naturally felt like having a party!
As the days became longer and as nature renewed itself, people also felt like they could have a new start. Past disappointments could be forgotten. The New Year could bring better fortune, more opportunities and new challenges. Such universal themes remain the same today.
Some cultures have unusual New Year traditions. Italians throw old things out of their windows at midnight, symbolizing the departure of the old. Mexicans fire guns into the air to keep away misfortunes.
New Year celebrations also involve having fun. Some cultures view the New Year as an opportunity to let off fireworks. In New York City’s Times Square, thousands gather on December 31 to count down the last seconds of the year. A giant silver ball is lowered at the stroke of midnight.
London, England, hosts an annual New Year’s Day parade that draws nearly a million spectators. The largest parade in Europe, it features bands and enormous balloons. These balloons are so huge that they tower over nearby buildings!
How will you celebrate the New Year? Think about the themes you find meaningful during this
season. Do you hope for a new start or a chance to turn over a new leaf? whatever the case, we wish you well. Happy New Year!
9. Man’s four-legged friend
The sun was shining and it was warm. Robin, a shepherd, was lying on the grass, enjoying the beautiful sunshine. His guard, a sheepdog, was standing next to him, looking at the flock of sheep.
This is only a scene in a movie, but it does give us a real picture showing man’s relationship with dogs. For a long time in history, dogs were not only being raised to work as man’s guards, but they were also being trained to do many other jobs. Some were made to pull carts; others were bred to smell out enemies or track the scent of big animals. In addition to these hunting and working dogs, other breeds came to be used in sports, police work and as pets as well. In a way dogs have become man’s friends and working partners.
If you have a dog you love as a pet, you share some of your life with it. The dog lives in your home, keeps you company and goes on trips with you. Dogs rely on their excellent sense of smell to tell things apart. This sharp sense helps man and dogs themselves get over a lot of difficulties.
A detective once trained a dog---Sauer. In 1925 while he was thinking hard about how to catch a thief. Sauer worked alone and tracked the thief after covering a distance of 160 kilometres. Sauer did this by scent alone. In 1923 a couple lost their dog Bobbie while they were travelling. Six months later Bobbie turned up at the family house. He had covered a distance of some 3,200 kilometres. The dog had travelled back through the Rocky Mountains in the depths of winter.
Dogs are indeed man’s best friends. Yet s ometimes even the friendliest dog can bring death with its bite! This is not because it has changed in character, but because it has been infected with a terrible disease---rabies(狂犬病). The disease is passed on by a bite from an infected dog at any stage. When an infected person shows symptoms, death is certain to follow shortly after. So, in order to prevent the
disease, a person should go to a doctor at once if he has been bitten by a dog. Dogs remain man’s best friends, but we should also try our best to guard against the horrible disease that can be carried by these friends.
10. Well done, Spotty!
We were walking alone when we saw the Wilkins’ children playing in their yard. The three girls were taking turns pushing a cart. Their one-year-old twin brothers and a big doll were in it. Just as we walked by them, a wheel came off. Freckles, my friend, fixed it for them. Then they all went upstairs to play some games. After a while Mrs Wilkins went out, and left the twins with the girls.
Well, it wasn’t much f un for me, and soon I went to sleep.
I must have slept pretty hard and pretty long. All of a sudden I woke up and could hardly breathe. Everybody was gone. The room was full of smoke! The house was on fire!
I started down the stairs and stumbled over a gra y bunch. “That belongs to Freckles,” I thought. “It’s the gray sweater that he likes so much. I might as well take it down to him.”
I took the sweater in my mouth and started down again. It weighed so much. So I dropped it on one of the stairs. Then I went back up to look out of a window. I wanted to see why there was so much noise.
The whole town was in the front yard and in the street! In the middle of the crowd was Mrs Wilkins, who was carrying on like a mad woman. Mr. Wilkins was jumping up and down and shouting loudly, “I’ve got the babies! I’ve got the babies!” He had a real baby in one arm and the big doll in the other. He was so excited that ha thought he had both babies.
Later I heard what had happened. The kids had thought they were escaping with both twins. But one of them had saved the doll and left a twin behind.
“Well,” I decided, “I’d better get out of here fast. This place is really beginning to burn!” As I
ran down the stairs, I knocked into the gray bunch again. So I picked it up.
I got out the back way with that package swinging from my mouth. I walked round to the front yard and set it down very quickly. It let out a cry!
“My baby!” shouted Mrs Wilkins. And she started to kiss me and the babies.
“Three cheers for Spotty!” everyone shouted a t the top of their voices.
The butcher made his way through the crowd and gave me a large piece of hamburger and said, “It’s got chicken livers mixed in it.”
I liked the way things were, so I wagged my tail.
11. Cartoons and comic strips
People often find it hard to put their feelings into words. So they keep hunting for new means of expressing their feelings other than words. Cartoons, as such a means, were thus born. Old cartoons, however, did not attract many people until cartoonists had expanded their topics by the end of the 19th century. At around the same time, comic strips came into being.
A cartoon is an amusing drawing that deals with something of interest in the news. Comic strips are a set of humorous drawings that tell a funny story. They make a story appear as a picture in the reader’s mind by showing one or two aspects of an event.
There is a cartoon that shows a father and his son. The boy is showing his father his school report, which, unfortunately, gives a very poor grade---2 out of 5. So he does it in a quite unusual way: the report is fastened to one end of a pole while the boy is holding the other and. With the long pole between them, any punishment from the father is out of the question. For the moment, at least, the son is safe.
Readers can’t help laughing at the cartoon. But they may also find some food for thought in addition to being amused.
Reading cartoons and comic strips had long been a favourite pastime for adults until the beginning of the 20th century. Then some business-minded people found that there might be a good market for children, too. With the improvement of printing and drawing techniques, modern cartoons and comic strips had become children’s favourites by the early 20th (around the 1920s). Since then they have become popular reading materials for people of all ages.
Today the characters in cartoons and comic strips range from children to adults, pets to fancy animals, and ordinary people to superheroes. Micky Mouse and Garfield the Cat make children think and imagine actively. Superman and Batman bring villains of all sorts to justice. Father and Son expresses human love and sympathy in lively comic strips. Their names have become household words. They are only a few outstanding products in the field.
Today the digital revolution has brought new life to the making of cartoons and comic strips. Therefore many people think that computer-made comics will in the end replace hand-drawn ones. However, just as the human mind will never give way completely to the computer, hand-drawn comics will never die, but will remain a special means of expressing human feelings.
12. Rockwell and his works
Norman Rockwell was a famous American illustrator and cover artist. Many of his works had become well-known by the middle of the 20th century. Critics spoke highly of his works. For example, according to one critic, “Most artists affect us by surprising us. Rockwell affects us by giving us exactly what we expect.” The following are just a few examples of his magazine covers.
Cover one One of the best-known of all Rockwell’s covers! This painting is made up of two parts: the upper and the lower. Each detail in the lower picture is carefully matched with something in the upper part, so the result is kind of humorous. In this way, the painting p resents the children’s moods in a sharp contrast: very happy when setting out and very tired and bored when coming back.
Cover two This painting shows Rockwell’s skills as a story teller. It tells an ordinary story about a school boy. The boy is busy with his studies. Outside the window a fishing pole is ready, and the boy’s dog is waiting impatiently. To the boy, these last days of schoolwork before the summer vacation seem the longest. They appear more so as the final examination is drawing near. This is an old story of school children, but Rockwell tells it vividly in a simple way.
Cover three In this painting, a young mother is trying hard to make up her mind: to spank or to spare her naughty child. The broken clock on the floor suggests that the child has behaved in an entirely natural manner. When a hammer is within his reach, he breaks something with the hammer! At the time the painting was completed, the Rockwells were already parents. So the cover story perhaps describes the artist’s own life experie nce. With this experience, Rockwell could make every detail come alive in this painting.
13. A brief look at two metropolises
NEW YORK In the 19th century, a businessman predicated that New York was going to become the centre of the world. His prediction has partly come true. Today, New York is often regarded as one of the financial and cultural capitals of the Western World. The United Nations has its headquarters in the city as well.
New York, where the world-famous twin towers of the World Trade Center were once located, is known as a city of skyscrapers. There are parks, great museums, art galleries, grand theatres and cinemas for visitors as well. However, like many other cities in the world, New York also has its own problems---noise, air pollution, crimes, traffic jams, and slums. Still, the fast, exciting pace of life in New York City is fascinating and this may be a reason why the city continues to fascinate more and more people.
LONDON London was once known as a city of fog. At that time, many Londoners did not expect that
their city would change for the better. However, heavy fog is now rarely seen in London.
As a city with a long history, London has also gone through many changes. The days are gone when horse-drawn carriages were a common sight in the street. Now London is famous for its excellent underground service and the red double-deckers have become a symbol of the city. The second half of the 20th century saw great changes in the city. Skyscrapers have sprung up; business centres for the 21st century are also growing fast.
However, London has kept its heart. People can still enjoy themselves with a cup of tea in Convent Garden(科文特加登广场). Some of the narrow roads that lead to churches are still there, taking people back to London’s old days. Alt hough there are such concerns as heavy traffic, crowded shops and dirty streets in some areas, to many people, London remains the most interesting and wonderful city in the world.
14. The time capsule of Colorado Springs
In 1901, the citizens of Colorado Springs(科罗拉多泉市) in the USA decided to collect everyday items and to seal them in a steel box. The box was marked “To be opened after midnight, December 31st, AD 2000”, and was stored in the Colorado College Library.
One hundred years later, on the appointed day, 300 people gathered to watch the opening of the box. Many in the crowd were in very good condition. There were newspapers, photographs, diaries, name cards, family trees, books and dozens of letters, including one written by Theodore Roosevelt(西奥多·罗斯福，美国第26任总统), who became the President of the USA later that year. One of Roosevelt’s friends lived in Colorado Springs at that time.
Many of the letters were addressed to their descendants. They describe the hopes that the people of 1901 had for the people of the next century. At that time, Colorado Springs had just a few thousand residents. Now nearly half a million people live there.
Colorado College Library has scanned the materials and put them on a website. Cecil Muller, whose grandfather had placed a collection of postcards in the box, said that the time capsule was a great treasure. “This is a wonderful educational resource. We can learn so much about our history,” he said. “I never knew my grandfather, but now I feel close to him.”
In April 2001, a committee filled the time capsule with items from modern Colorado Springs and resealed it for another hundred years.
15. The growth of the Internet
The Internet began as a tool to connect universities and government research centres through a nationwide network. It would allow a large number of computers to exchange information and share resources. Its development was pushed forward by ARPA---the Advanced Research Projects Agency, which was established in the United States in 1958. In 1969 ARPA began to focus on communications technology. Then in the early 1970s, the ARPA net came into being. This network laid the foundation for the Internet. In 1972, electronic mail was introduced.
At the same time in Europe, researchers were struggling with their own computer networking problems. In 1989, a scientist proposed the World Wide Web project. Over the next year or two, the proposal was discussed and revised, which resulted in the programme called the World Wide Web. In 1992, its browser software was introduced to the public.
The early browsers functioned well but were not “user-friendly”. In 1993, a group of graduated students in the USA created Mosaic---a “browser” programme. Mosaic was pleasing to the eye and easy to use---just point and click. Netscape(美国网景公司) and then Microsoft followed with browsers that greatly simplified the process of surfing the Internet in search of information.
Today, the Internet is changing our life style, cultural patterns, business practices, and ways of learning and doing research. It helps people keep up to date on world events, find a cheap flight, play
games, and discuss everything from apples to space technology. An increasing number of people shop and bank on the Internet; many do business online. It enables people to browse online hundreds of thousands of magazines and books in libraries worldwide.
The Internet is not owned or controlled by any company or nation. People can use the Net at home, in offices, at schools and universities, in public libraries or “cyber cafes”. It conn ects people in different countries instantly through computers, satellites, and phone lines. It is making our life easier and more efficient.
“The Global Village” was coined to describe how radio and television had changed the world in the 20th century. In the 21st century, it seems the Internet is sure to have an even greater influence. 16. Hacking
By the end of 1946, technology had advanced so greatly as to make the electronic computer a part of life. The year 1976 saw the appearance of a more advanced type of computer, which was performing 100 million calculations a second. This record, however, was quickly rewritten. The fast development of computer speed brings endless benefits to human life. There are always two sides to a thing, though.
There are problems with using computers and storing useful data in them. In 1988, a US official said that a German student had been regularly reading their top secret papers. That student had been able to carry out his break-ins without leaving home. That was a typical example of “hacking”. A “hacker” is a highly skilled computer user who spends his free time reading the secret files of others.
A hacker needs only to discover the password that gives entry to a network. With clever guesswork, this can be done simply by trying again and again.
A lot of hackers are only in it for fun---like Robert Schifreen and Steve Gold, who had read all the data in Prince Philip’s electronic mailbox before the police discovered the hacking.
The possibility for hackers to commit crimes is great. In the 1980s some experts pointed out that
American banks were losing up to $5,000 million a year to computer crimes. Once a hacker gained entry to a bank’s system, he could order it to move large sums of money to another bank in a foreign country---just what a traditional robber would do.
Today computers are making life easier and far more comfortable. The evils, however, are also growing with the development of computer knowledge and techniques. It seems that the struggle against computer crimes will continue into the future.
高一第二学期
17. Travelling around China
Travelling around China can be tiring but fun as well. However, how you travel often determines whether your travel will be a success or a failure. Here is some information about how it can be done. BY TRAIN Most parts of China can now be reached by rail. Generally speaking, the train service is efficient. However, the trains are sometimes overcrowded, especially on national holidays. The kind of ticket you need depends on the distance of your journey. A hard or soft seat is fine for a short journey. For long journeys, a sleeper ticket is a better choice.
BY SHIP A number of sea routes exist that can take you from one seaport to another along the coast of China. There are also a few inland waterways. The most attractive one is that from Chongqing to Shanghai. Along this route ships pass through the famous Three Gorges(长江三峡) and stop at many beautiful towns and historic sites.
BY AIR This is often the first choice for those who have limited time to spend on a journey. But, of course, this time-saving advantage has to be paid for---tickets are more expensive. While CAAC(中国民用航空总局) used to be the only airline service in the country, there are now a number of regional airlines. The safety record has also improved much over the past decades. Air tickets are available through CITS(中国国际旅行社), at hotel travel desks or in air ticket offices. Most large cities and many
popular tourist destinations have their own airports.
BY BUS Highway networks in China are developing very fast. There are both inner- and inter-city bus services, they are well managed and cheap. State-owned long-distance bus services operate on schedule and are inexpensive. There are also private buses. They run mainly on local routes, and often will not depart until they are completely filled up.
BY BICYCLE Besides what is mentioned above, cycling is also one of the best ways for traveling around town, unless you are in Chongqing---the only city with very few bicycles because of its steep streets. If you plan to stay in China for sometime, buy one as the natives do.
Hope you will find this information helpful during your stay in China.
18. The Ocean Park---A page from a travel brochure of Hong Kong, China
Duration: Approx. (approximately的缩写形式) 4 hours or 7 hours (daily morning departure) Not only is it the largest in Asia, but it is also rated as one of the most spectacular oceanariums(海洋水族馆) in the world. It offers the best family outing place to observe marine life as well as to experience a fun ride on a roller coaster(过山车).
PANDA HABITAT Loved by many for their unusually cute look, the two darling pandas, An An and Jia Jia, can now be sighted at their permanent habitat in Ocean Park.
SHARK AQUARIUM Through the underwater viewing tunnel, you seem to enter the mysterious deep ocean, surrounded by countless sharks and rays(鳐鱼) of over 30 species, all swimming within arm’s reach.
OCEAN THEATRE With a panoramic(全景的) background and hosted by a marvelous master of ceremonies(节目主持人), the Ocean Theatre stages entertaining performances by its great and small marine stars.
When time permits, visit a jewelry factory workshop to observe the art of handicraft(手工艺).
NOTE This is a half day guided tour. However, passengers may stay behind to explore more features in the Ocean Park. Return trips on our afternoon coach can be arranged with your tour guide.
19. The Sydney Harbour Bridge
There’s no feeling quite like seeing Sydney from the top of the Harbour Bridge.
There I stood, looking up at Sydney’s Harbour Brid ge---one of the most famous bridges in the world. Located near the magnificent Sydney Opera House, the 40-storey bridge towers over Australia’s largest city. The bridge was certainly beautiful to look at. But who in their right mind would want to climb it?
Me, of course! Climbing the bridge is not such a crazy thing to do, in fact. Tourists started climbing the bridge in 1998. Now it’s one of Sydney’s most popular attractions.
To prepare for the climb, our group of 12 climbers had to take a special class. First, we stored all our personal belongings and changed into special bridge climbing clothes. Then, the climb organizers showed us how to use the safety belts and climb the steep ladders.
We were even given little personal radios to receive instructions from our guide during the climb!
Our expectations began to build and our group became excited. One hour later, we were ready to go!
We first crossed some catwalks below the road part of the bridge. I was glad I wasn’t afraid of heights. Looking down through the catwalk I could see the ground 50 meters (164 feet) below!
Next we climbed the ladders leading up, up, up to the bridge’s arch. Cars sped by on the road below. The wind blew more fiercely the higher we climbed. More and more of the city slowly came into view. Soon we were approaching the very top of the bridge!
What a scene it was at the top! Clear, bird’s eye views of the city extended in all directions. Looking south we saw the city skyline, the famous Opera House and the ocean. It was just like looking
at a postcard, except that we were really part of the picture! Everyone felt proud of having reached this spot in the city.
No one was ready to leave when it was time to go down. The two hours we had spent on the bridge seemed to pass in an instant. But the memory of having seen such a unique scene will stay with us for a lifetime.
20. Travelling in the land of smiles
Thailand uses the phrase “Land of Smiles” to describe itself in tourist brochures and advertising campaigns---and rightly so. Visitors to Thailand can expect to be greeted with a smile when they leave the airport, get into a taxi or rental car and again when they enter a hotel. What makes it so easy for the Thai people to smile at their visitors? The head of Thailand’s tourist bureau says that it is “in the nature of the people.” The Thais are naturally happy, he says with a smile, and they are glad to share that happiness with others.
This attitude seems to be very much appreciated by the more than five million tourists who visit Thailand each year. The country ranks high on the list of places to which visitors want to return. The reason most often stated is that the people are friendly and polite. Some other Asian destinations are not as well received. Bali in Indonesia ranks high on the list, with Japan somewhere in the middle.
These reports raise the question of whether certain nationalities are naturally more courteous than others. People may experience more friendliness in Thailand than in other countries. This may have more to do with the place than the people. Travel writers point out that cities are always stressful, hurried places, with little to offer in the way of smiles and welcome. Bangkok is not as friendly as other places in the surrounding Thai countryside. Remote towns and villages in China, for example, offer visitors a warm welcome, with smiles(and giggles) from children. Perhaps it should also be pointed out that polite, patient, smiling visitors will most often be greeted similarly, no matter which country they
上海新世纪英语高二全部课文及重点词组上海新世纪英语高二全部课文（包括additional reading）及重点词组 高二第二学期 17. words and their stories 18. english proverbs 19. tips on making a public speech 20. keep it short for the audience’s sake 21. making friends 22. what does friendship mean to westerners? 23. adjo 24. ryan, his friends, and his incredible torch run 25. the father of modern physics 26. the survival of the fittest 27. miracle in the rice field 28. newton’s three important laws 29. oliver wants more (adapted from oliver twist charles dickens)
30. enjoy the classics 31. is she guilty? (adapted from the prince and the pauper mark twain) 32. mark twain 高二第二学期 17. words and their stories eager beaver an eager beaver is a person who is always willing to do and is excited about doing what is expected of him. suppose, for example, that a teacher tells his students they each must solve one hundred math problems before coming to school the next day. the children complain about so much homework. but one student does not protest at all. that student is an eager beaver. he loves to do math problems, and does not mind all the homework. the expression is said to have come from the name of a hard-working animal---the beaver. beavers are strange-looking creatures. they spend a lot of time in the water, building dams to create little lakes or ponds. they use their huge teeth and work hard to cut down trees, remove branches and put them across streams. they use their tails to pack mud on the branches to make
高一下词组整理UNIT 1 Generally speaking On national holiday s Depend on A number of sea routes Pass through the famous Three Gorges The first choice for Limited time The time-saving advantage Popular tourist destinations/attractions On schedule Speaking of Be pressed for time Offer fairly good services In brief A round-trip ticket A travel brochure The permanent habitat Be surrounded by Within arm’s reach A master of ceremonies Sort out A tour guide UNIT 2 There’s no feeling like Take a special class Change into Receive instructions from the guide Be afraid of heights Lead up to 向上通向 Speed by Come into view Bird’s eye view of the city Extend in all directions ▲Feel proud of / take pride in / pride oneself on Be ready to do乐于做某事 in an instant 一会儿 tourists at home and abroad without doubt
上海新世纪英语高二全部课文及重点词组 上海新世纪英语高二全部（包括Additinal Reading）及重点词组 高二第二学期 17 rds and their stries 18 English prverbs 19 Tips n aing a publi speeh 20 eep it shrt fr the audiene’s sae 21 aing friends 22 hat des friendship ean t esterners? 23 Ad 24 Ran, his friends, and his inredible trh run 2 The father f dern phsis 26 The survival f the fittest 27 irale in the rie field 28 Netn’s three iprtant las 29 liver ants re (Adapted fr liver Tist harles Diens) 30 En the lassis 31 Is she guilt? (Adapted fr The Prine and the Pauper ar Tain) 32 ar Tain 高二第二学期 17 rds and their stries EAGER BEA VER An eager beaver is a persn h is alas illing t d and is
exited abut ding hat is expeted f hi Suppse, fr exaple, that a teaher tells his students the eah ust slve ne hundred ath prbles befre ing t shl the next da The hildren plain abut s uh her But ne student des nt prtest at all That student is an eager beaver He lves t d ath prbles, and des nt ind all the her The expressin is said t have e fr the nae f a hard-ring anial---the beaver Beavers are strange-ling reatures The spend a lt f tie in the ater, building das t reate little laes r pnds The use their huge teeth and r hard t ut dn trees, reve branhes and put the arss streas The use their tails t pa ud n the branhes t ae the das slid Fe ther anials r s hard Histrians sa the beaver had an iprtant part in the settleent f Nrth Aeria There ere hundreds f illins f beavers hen Eurpean settlers first arrived The settlers put great value n the fur f beavers In fat, fr t hundred ears r re, beavers prvided the st valuable fur in Nrth Aeria Beaver sins ften used as ne ung en ling fr adventure headed est arss the untr t searh fr beavers In their searh, the explred uh f the estern territries The trading psts, here the exhanged beaver sins fr the gds the needed, beae villages, and later tns and ities IT’S IN THE BAG The bag---ne f the siplest and st useful things in ever an r an’s life---has given the rld an strange expressins that are nt ver siple A nuber f these expressins are idel used in the United States tda Se ere
高一第一学期 Unit 1 Text People from All Walks of Life 1.people from all walks of life 来自各行各业的人们 2.sb. grow up 某人长大= sb. mature (vi.) 3.sb. take up sth. 某人从事某事 ★sth. take up spl. 某物占据某地=sth. occupy spl. sth. take up some time 某物占据时间=sth. occupy some time occupation (v.)①占据②职业4.various sth. 多种多样的某物 ★various (adj.) 多种多样的variety (n.) 种类 vary (vi.) sth. vary 某物变化(vi.) sth. vary with sth. 某物随着某物变化 5.sth. be made up of sth. 某物由某物组成 =sth. be composed of sth. =sth. consist of sth. 6.the following sth. 下列的、下述的某物 ★following (adj.) 接下来的 in the following years 在接下来的几年中=in the years that followed follow (vt.) sb. follow sb. 某人跟随某人 sb. be followed by sb. 某人被某人跟随 https://www.doczj.com/doc/ec4514911.html,cational institutions 教育机构 8.sb. try one’s best to do sth. 某人尽全力做某事 ★sb. make an effort to do sth. 某人尽力做某事 =sb. spare no effort to do sth, =sb. go all out to do sth. =sb. strive to do sth. =sb. do what sb. can to do sth. =sb. devote oneself to doing sth. =sb. be devoted to doing sth. =sb. do sth. with all one’s energy =sb. do sth. with all one’s strength 9.sb. gain sth. 某人得到某物 ★gain=botain=get 10.in society 在社会上 ★society 不加冠词：社会，加冠词：the society 一个社会团体social (adj.) society (n.) socialism (n.) 社会主义socialist (n.) 社会学家socialize (v.) 社会化 11.sb. be involved in sth. 某人参与某事 ★=sb. get involved in sth. 某人参与某事 sth. involve sth. 某物涉及某物 sth. involve doing sth. 某物涉及做某事 sb. be involved in sth 某人被卷入某物 sth. involve sb. in sth. 某事使某人介入/卷入某事 12. sb. correct papers 某人批改试卷
Unit 1 在中国旅行 在中国旅行可能很累，但也很有趣。然而，选择什么样的旅行方式却常常意味着行程的成功与否。这里有一些关于如何在中国旅游的信息。 乘火车 乘火车可以去中国的大部分地方。一般来说，铁路服务效率高。但有时候火车上过分拥挤，尤其是在节假日期间更是如此。买什么样的火车票取决于行程的远近。短途旅行，硬座、软座都可以；但要长途旅行的话，最好买一张卧铺票。 乘船 有许多海上航线可以把您从中国沿海的一个港口城市带往另一个城市。也有一些内河航线，其中最迷人的一条是重庆至上海的航线。轮船沿途经由著名的三峡风景区，游客们可以驻足于许多的风景名城和历史古迹。 乘飞机 对于那些旅行时间有限的旅客而言，飞机通常是他们的首选。当然，您也要为这一便利付出代价——那就是机票会更贵。中国民航以前曾是中国唯一的一家航空公司，现在则有若干地方航空公司。在过去的几十年里，飞机的安全记录也有了很大的提高。人们通过中国国际旅行社、宾馆的旅游服务台或者航空售票处都可以买到机票。许多大城市和有名的旅游胜地都有飞机场。 乘公共汽车 中国的高速公路发展得很快。现在市内和城市之间都有汽车运营线路。它们的管理很完善，价钱也很便宜。国营公共汽车按时刻表准点发车，票价便宜。另外还有私营公共汽车。它们主要在地方线路上运营，经常要等位子全部坐满之后才出发。 骑自行车 除了以上提到的旅游方式外，骑自行车也是环城游的最好方式之一，只要您不是去重庆（那里的街道很陡，是中国唯一自行车特别少的城市）。如果您打算在中国待上一段时间，不妨学学本地人，自己买一辆自行车。 希望这些信息对您在中国逗留期间会有所帮助。 Unit 2 悉尼海港大桥 从悉尼海港大桥顶部鸟瞰悉尼市，感觉奇妙无比。 我站在悉尼海港大桥底下，仰望这座世界上最著名的大桥之一。这座高达40层的海港大桥矗立在壮观的悉尼歌剧院附近，鸟瞰澳大利亚最大的城市。这座大桥看上去自是壮观，但谁会心想去攀爬它呢？ 当然是我了！攀爬大桥实际是并不是很疯狂的事。游客于1998年开始攀爬大桥，现在这已经成为悉尼最受欢迎的一个景点了。为了攀爬大桥，我们一行12人必须先上一堂特殊的课。首先我们把所有的个人财物都存放好，再换好专用攀爬服，接着组织者向我们演示如何使用安全带和如何攀爬陡峭的阶梯。 我们甚至还带着小的个人无线电接收设备，以便在攀爬时接收到导游的提示。 我们心中的期望越来越高，整个攀爬小组都激动了起来。一小时以后，我们准备完毕。 我们首先经过路桥下面的狭窄通道。值得庆幸的是我不恐高。从通道上往下望，可以看到下面50米（164英尺）处的地面。 接下来，我们沿着一直通往桥拱的阶梯往上爬。汽车在下面的马路上飞驰而过。我们爬得越高，风越大，城市也越来越多地映入我们的眼帘。一会儿，我们渐渐地靠近大桥的顶部。
高一暑期百句翻译： 1.那些故意违反交通规则的人必须受到严厉的惩罚。(Whoever) Whoever breaks the traffic regulations on purpose must be severely punished. 2.老师就在寒假里如何做到张弛有度给了我们一些合理的建议。 （balance） The teacher gave /offered us some reasonable advice on how to keep the balance between work and play in the winter holiday/vacation. 3.这条河流受到严重污染的原因是那家化工厂大量排放有毒废水。 (The reason why ….is that) The reason why the river has been seriously polluted is that the chemical factory released large amounts of poisonous wasted water 4. .随着经济的飞速发展，中国在国际事务中起着越来越大的作用。(role) ; With the rapid development of economy, China is playing an increasingly important role in international affairs. 4.得知罗京逝世的消息，许多人陷入深深的悲痛之中。（At） At the news that Luo Jin passed away, many people were deep in sorrow. 5.在日常生活中，我们不要与经常言而无信的人交朋友。(Relative Clause) In our daily life, we should never make friends with those who break their promises.
Module 1 Unit 2 Traveling Around the World 一、单元分析（Unit Analysis） （一）单元地位（Unit Position） 1. 本课为游记散文，着重描写旅游者心理活动的变化。教师可以围绕“环球旅游”这一主题， 让学生根据世界地图自行设计旅游线路和目的地，并讨论去国外旅游应做好哪些方面的准备。也可以结合第一单元“国内旅游”的话题，鼓励学生回想自己的旅游经历，讲述自己的旅游故事。也可以激发学生的想象力，比较“环球旅游”和“国内旅游”的异同。 2. 围绕话题“世界旅游”，设计一个小竞赛。教师说出国家或城市名，学生列举出该国家或 城市的旅游胜地。也可以让学生在课余自己查找资料，在课堂上分享有关世界名胜的知识。 或者针对某一特定的主题，如“世界自然遗产”，激发学生课后学习的兴趣。 3. 本课涉及的语法现象是表语从句。教师可以先帮助学生复习系动词和表语，加强学生对表 语的理解，然后逐步过渡到表语从句。结合第一单元学习的主语从句和宾语从句，即时进行综合、对比。教师可以提供若干含有上述从句的复合句，让学生辨认，并尽可能翻译成汉语。为了及时做好巩固工作，可以让学生在课后从学过的课文中查找含有名词性从句特别是表语从句的复合句。 （二）单元目标（Unit Target） 1. 理解课文，理解作者的写作意图。 2. 学会描述一段旅游经历，学会描写旅途中的心理感受。培养了解世界各地旅游胜地的兴趣。 3. 学习表语从句，了解表语从句的构成、意义，学会辨认，并会区别主语从句、宾语从句和 表语从句。会将含有表语从句的复合句翻译成汉语，会用表语从句翻译简单的汉语。 （三）单元重点（Unit Points） 1关键词： ◆语言知识类 pull into, unload from, check into, forgot about, be amazed at, dream of, before sunrise, turn around, can’t do anything but… until, as, what, It seemed that… ◆交际功能类 1）世界名胜： London Bridge, Big Ben, Madame Tussaud, the Eiffel Tower, La Seine, the Sydney Opera House, Great Barrier Reef, Goldcoast, Statue of Liberty, Mount Fuji, the Alps, …
Unit7 A Brief Look at Two Metropolises New York 1. In the 19th century, a businessman predicted that New York was going to become the center of the world. His prediction has partly come true. New York is often regarded as one of the financial and cultural capitals of the Western world. 1) predict: [v.]_________________→[n.] prediction 几个月前就已经预料到了这次地震。 The earthquake was predicted several months ago. 2) come true=realize 我要________________的梦想终会实现。 ________________________________________________________________________ 3) be regarded as regard A as B=consider/see/view/treat A as B=think of A as B 4) financial:[adj.]财经的→[n.] finance cultural:[adj.]文化的→[n.]culture 2. New York, where the world-famous twin towers of the World Trade Center were once located, is known as a city of skyscrapers. locate:[v.]定位，位于→[n.]location 东方明珠坐落在浦东新区。 The Oriental Pearl TV Towel is located in the Pudong New Area. 要找到拍摄沙漠场景的合适外景地很不容易。 It is hard to find a suitable location for the desert scenes. 3. Still, the fast, exciting pace of life in New York City is fascinating and this may be a reason why the city continues to fascinate more and more people. 1) pace of life pace=speed 跟上…的节奏: keep pace with 她放慢节奏以便于我能跟上她。 She slowed down her pace so that I could keep up with her. 随着经济的发展，我们的生活节奏正变得越来越快。 With the development of economy, our pace of life is becoming quicker and quicker. 2) continue to do=continue doing=go on doing 3) fascinate:使吸引，着迷=attract=appeal to →[n.] fascination
UNIT1 人在自然界 1) 人类生活在大自然的王国里。他们时刻被大自然所包围并与之相互影响。人类呼吸的空气、喝下的水和摄入的食物，无一不令人类时刻感知到大自然的影响。我们与大自然血肉相连，离开大自然，我们将无法生存。 2) 人类不仅生活在大自然之中，同时也在改变着大自然。人类把自然资源转变为各种文化，社会历史的财富。人类降服并控制了电，迫使它为人类社会的利益服务。人类不仅把各种各样的动植物转移到不同的气候环境，也改变了他生活环境的地貌和气候并使动植物因之而发生转变。 3) 随着社会的发展，人类对大自然的直接依赖越来越少，而间接的依赖却越来越多。我们远古的祖先生活在大自然的威胁及破坏力的恐惧之中，他们常常连基本的生活物资都无法获取。然而，尽管工具不甚完备，他们却能同心协力，顽强工作，并总是有所收获。在与人类的相互作用中，大自然也发生了改变。森林被破坏了，耕地面积增加了。大自然及其威力被看成是和人类敌对的东西。譬如，森林被认为是野性的和令人恐惧的，因此人类便想方设法使其面积缩小。这一切都是打着“文明”的旗号进行的，所谓“文明”，就是人类在哪里建立家园，耕耘土地，哪里的森林就被砍伐。 4) 然而，随着岁月的流逝，人类越来越关注的是在何处得到和如何得到生产所需的不可替代的自然资源的问题。科学与人类改变大自然的实践活动已经使人类意识到了工业在改变地球的进程中对地质产生的重大影响。 5) 目前，人与自然以及自然与社会整体之间过去存在的动态平衡，已呈现崩溃的迹象。生物圈中所谓可替代资源的问题变得极为尖锐。人类和社会的需求，即便是简单得像淡水一样的物质，也变得越来越难以满足。清除工业废物的问题也变得日益复杂。 6) 现代技术的特征是生产和使用日益丰富的人工合成产品。人们生产成千上万的人工合成材料。人们越来越多地用尼龙和其他人造纤维把自己从头到脚地包裹起来，这些绚丽的织物显然对他们无益。年轻人或许很少注意到这一点，他们更关注的是外表，而不是健康。但是上了年岁之后，他们就会感受到这种有害的影响。 7) 久而久之，这些合成物质转变成废弃物，那些原本毒性不大的物质在自然循环中变为极其有害的物质。自然科学家和哲学家如今都在问自己这样一个问题：人类对生物圈的破坏难道是无法避免的吗？
上海新世纪英语高一年级第一单元重点归纳 本讲义包括：1）每一课文翻译，粗体及划线部分是重要词组（必考点），绿色及 句前有@是重点句子，翻译和写作时用到。 2）重点词组例题讲解 3）基础语法：（初三衔接高中） 4）重点语法 5）Additional Reading的讲解词汇 1. People from all walks of life @When a person grows up, he will take up different occupations in various work places. A society is thus made up of all walks of life. What kind of person do you want to be in the future? The following introductions may give you some idea. TEACHER Teachers are professionals. They work in schools, colleges, universities and other educational institutions. They try their best to help students gain（get）new knowledge and become useful people in society. @Teachers are involved in many tasks, such as explaining lessons, giving homework and correcting papers.At the end of every term, they mark test papers and give grades to their students. Actually teachers do more. Often their impact on students stays all through their lives. SURGEON Surgeons, like teachers, are also professionals. As a special group of doctors, surgeons operate on sick people and repair the organs that no longer work properly. Hospitals are their work places. After an operation, a surgeon takes care of the patient’s medical treatment until he gets well. The skills of a surgeon sometimes mean the differences between life and death. SECRETARY A secretary works in an office. The job of a secretary often involves writing letters, answering telephone calls, and receiving people. A secretary stores information on a computer and puts papers in good order in file cabinets. As a link between the boss and the visitors, a secretary also helps the boss work out plans and timetables. @Traditionally, more girls than boys work as secretaries. FASHION MODEL Fashion models wear the latest styles of clothes and show them to us through television, newspapers and magazines. Fashion show programmes usually have a large audience. @The clothes and hairstyles of fashion models may seem strange to the elderly, but a large number of young people enjoy following trends and want to be dressed like the models. They collect fashion pictures and admire those superstars of the catwalk. @Would you like to be one of the people introduced here? What do you want to do in the future? Word study: 1. occupation ( n. ) 职业；占领 e.g. What is your occupation? e.g. The country is under enemy’s occupation．这个国家被敌人所占领。
一、Unit 1新单词 1. rule n. 规则，纪律 school rules 校纪，校规class rules 班规 Our class rules are written on the wall. 2. finish v. 结束，完成 e.g. You must finish your computer games before 7 o’clock. 你必须在七点前结束你的电脑游戏。 翻译：When did you finish your homework? 3.keeep v. 保持，遵守 e.g. Students must keep the school rules.学生必须遵守学校规定。 Keep quiet. 保持安静。 Students must keep books clean. 4. also ad. 也，也是 e.g. He is also an American.他也是个美国人。 5. maths n. 数学 e.g.Which subject do you like best? Maths. 你最喜欢什么科目？数学 6.welcome 感叹词欢迎 常用搭配：Welcome to…欢迎来某地。 e.g. Welcome to Shanghai. 7.borrow v. 借 borrow强调的是“借入” e.g. May I borrow your umbrella? 我可以借一下你的伞吗？ 反义词：lend 借出 e.g. Will you lend your umbrella to me?能把你的伞借给我吗？ 8.get to 到达… e.g. Please get to the airport on time. 请准时到达机场。 二、Unit1重要知识点 1.Welcome to our school. You must be Lily. “must be”表示“一定是，肯定是”，后常加形容词或人名。如Your answer must be right. right为形容词，“对的正确的”。“welcome to”欢迎， e.g:欢迎来中国。 2. Students must get to school on time. “get to school”到达学校，“go to school”去学校； must 是情态动词，must do sth；一般疑问句直接将must提前，否定句在
上海外语教育出版社——新世纪英语高二全部课文 （包括Additional Reading）及重点词组 高二第二学期 17. Words and their stories EAGER BEAVER An eager beaver is a person who is always willing to do and is excited about doing what is expected of him. Suppose, for example, that a teacher tells his students they each must solve one hundred math problems before coming to school the next day. The children complain about so much homework. But one student does not protest at all. That student is an eager beaver. He loves to do math problems, and does not mind all the homework. The expression is said to have come from the name of a hard-working animal---the beaver. Beavers are strange-looking creatures. They spend a lot of time in the water, building dams to create little lakes or ponds. They use their huge teeth and work hard to cut down trees, remove branches and put them across streams. They use their tails to pack mud on the branches to make the dams solid. Few other animals work so hard. Historians say the beaver had an important part in the settlement of North America. There were hundreds of millions of beavers when European settlers first arrived. The settlers put great value on the fur of beavers. In fact, for two
上海八年级英语上册新世纪版知识点汇总 The document was prepared on January 2, 2021
U n i t O n e M o d e r n T e c h n o l o g y LessonOneComputers 【词形变换】mouse---mice（复数）main---mainly electronic---electrical---electricityrelax---relaxedable---enable invent（发明V）---inventor（发明家）---invention（发明物）【重要短语】typein输入，键入 ought（not）to=should（not）应该get/befamiliarwith熟悉andsoon等等 What’stheuseof………的用途是什么attheageof在……岁时learnfrom…向……学习 beworriedabout=worryabout担心…….允许某人做某事Wouldyouplease+V.原形 stop/prevent/.阻止某人做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停下来做某事payattentionto（介词）注意agreewithsb.同意某人的意见 .=helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事spend…onsth.=spend…(in)doingsth.花费……做某事keepintouchwith与……保持联系millionsof数百万的use…todosth.用…...做某事 all/different/manykindsof各种各样的inbrief简言之 neither…nor…既不……,也不…… beconnectedto与……连接在一起 beableto的用法：（可用于各种时态，而can不能）现在：am/is/are(not)ableto过去：was/were(not)ableto将来：will(not)beableto LessonTwoRobots 【词形变换】 different（形）---difference（名）---differently（副）danger---dangerousoperate---operationmemory---memorizeindustry---industrialmedicine---medical please---pleasure（名）---pleased（形人）---pleasant（形物）【重要短语】tidyup整理，收拾makethebed铺床 perform/doanoperationonsb.给某人做手术 perform/dooperationsonsb.=operateonsb. bedifferentfrom与……不同bethesameas与……相同knownothingabout对……一无所知withpleasure高兴地，快乐地；乐意地 whatelse=whatotherthings（else常放在不定代词和疑问词的后面）decidetodosth.决定做某事practisedoingsth.练习做某事 notonly…butalso…不但……而且……not…anymore/longer=nomore/longer不再keepdoingsth.一直不停地做某事 beafraidofsth./doingsth.害怕某物/做某事beafraidtodosth.害怕做某事 with/withoutthehelpof在……的帮助下/没有……的帮助 不定代词的用法： something常用于肯定句中，也可用于希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中anything常用于否定句或疑问句中nothing常用于否定句中（what）everything 上述不定代词都指物，不能和of连用，都是单数。 someone=somebody常用于肯定句中anyone=anybody常用于否定或疑问句中 noone=nobody常用于否定句中（who）everyone=everybody
上海外语教育出版社——新世纪英语高一课文 高一第一学期 1. People from all walks of life When a person grows up, he will take up different occupations in various work places. A society is thus made up of all walks of life. What kind of person do you want to be in the future? The following introductions may give you some idea. TEACHER Teachers are professionals. They work in schools, colleges, universities and other educational institutions. They try their best to help students gain new knowledge and become useful people in society. Teachers are involved in many tasks, such as explaining lessons, giving homework and correcting papers. At the end of every term, they mark test papers and give grades to their students. Actually teachers do more. Often their impact on students stays all through their lives. SURGEON Surgeons, like teachers, are also professionals. As a special group of doctors, surgeons operate on sick people and repair the organs that no longer work properly. Hospitals are their work places. After an operation, a surgeon takes care of the patient’s medical treatment until he gets well. The skills of a surgeon sometimes mean the differences between life and death. SECRETARY A secretary works in an office. The job of a secretary often involves writing letters, answering telephone calls, and receiving people. A secretary stores information on a computer and puts papers in good order in file cabinets. As a link between the boss and the visitors, a secretary also helps the boss work out plans and timetables. Traditionally, more girls than boys work as secretaries. FASHION MODEL Fashion models wear the latest styles of clothes and show them to us through television, newspapers and magazines. Fashion show programmes usually have a large audience. The clothes and hairstyles of fashion models may seem strange to the elderly, but a large number of young people enjoy following trends and want to be dressed like the models. They collect fashion pictures and admire those superstars of the catwalk. Would you like to be one of the people introduced here? What do you want to do in the future? 2. What to choose? Today more and more high school graduates go on to college. Most young people decide their courses of study for themselves. They do not wait for their parents to tell them what career to choose. For example, Jack’s father practices medicine. Even though he wants his son also to become a doctor, he doesn’t insist that Jack study medicine when he finishes high school. He believes that Jack must make up his own mind about his courses of study. His wife, on the other hand, disagrees with him. She thinks that Jack should become a doctor, and so he can become a partner with his father. Jack isn’t sure what he wants to study in college. One day he feels that he’d like to become an engineer. However, the next day he thinks that perhaps he should study business management. Right now he is studying chemistry, biology, and physics. All of them will be useful if he finally chooses to study medicine in college.