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管理学专业英语翻译

管理学专业英语翻译
管理学专业英语翻译

新经济时代下管理:进化或者革命

管理实践成为了一个工作并且一直在进步。直到现在,实践的发展和技术的进步,经济环境,金融市场,人们的需求还有组织是分不开的。

如今,管理者们思考着标准的管理是否正在受着改革潮流的冲击。另一方面,改革是受到狂热的时尚和广告的影响而产生的一种错觉。毕竟,在聪明的血统中,喜恶的再造,科学管理的许可,高质量的管理,持续的进步,他们不像管理思想一样曾经浮出水面。然而不可避免的,改革没有被炒作,有持久价值的管理思想被合并。

管理实践深深的受到了企业绩效的影响。它们不正确就不会成功甚至不会存在下来。它没有自然的成为缓慢而稳固的渐进主义,它成为了前沿动荡。在管理思想发生的今天,管理者们处在知情的角度是很重要的。我个人的意见是:思想和显露出来的是不相当的。有效的企业管理正在发生改变,但是他们仍然是一个常数,事情仍然一样。忘记它也许比推到极限的变化更危险。最近的文章在北美最周到和最具有声望的两个商业周刊中阐释管理思想中的一些命题。2000年8月28日,商务周把21世纪的企业处于显微镜下是一个灿烂的双重问题。资深作家伯恩问道:什么建议让20世纪传奇的建筑公司给今天的领导者们还钱?如果他很有远见的证实即将到来的世纪,前任通用汽车公司主席在《我在通用汽车的岁月》一书中建议他们远离书架上的大书本,理解他如同《26室》一样过时。伯恩继续道:21世纪的企业必须通过网络适应自己的管理,必须预测到他是不断变化的,不是稳定的。组织围绕网络的活动,而不是一些愚蠢的科层组织,建立变化的伙伴关系和联盟,而不是以个人的利益为主,构建科技优势,而不是砖块和灰泥。旧的商业模型强调固定资产,营运资本和经济规模,已经快速增长,脆弱的敏捷的组织雇佣了新的技术去再生产。

现在,在我的脑海中目标管理之父德鲁克是20世纪显著的管理思想家,他的贡献是怎么工作和不工作在组织中是落后的。经过扩充,他的贡献是让我们如何更好的生活。1998年10月5日,在《福布斯》中,德鲁克写道:在经济中我们了解的越深,基础的假设强调什么是行政管理和管理实践是没有希望的已经过时了。许多我们知道的关于商业,技术,组织的假设至少已经有50年了,他们经受的住时间的考验,结果是我们讲授,教导,实践政策在争执真实性上快速增长,因此达不到预期的效果。文章的标题是管理新的范例,他的介绍是有益的。在快速发展的世界,昨天工作和今天已经不同了,德鲁克于此争论。现在的教导使我们相信的管理可能错了,也可能已经过时了。

伯恩认为《我在通用汽车的岁月》和《26室》一样过时了,更多的事情让我们去看这本书。在管理著作的编年史上,斯隆的账高于通用。可论证的,在许多重要的商业著作中,巧合的,德鲁克自己看通用汽车企业的概念,侮辱《我在通用汽车的岁月》就是在侮辱神明。比尔盖茨甚至把这本书称为:如果你只读一本关于商业的书,这本书是最好的选择。我们知道视力,治安,战略,执行,操作,组织,集权,经理人通才和销售关于工作的特殊性自然有他自己的根源。如果这书被遗忘在书架上,那么管理真的在革命。

这纸的目标没有成就一文不值的人也没有贬低他。这是伯恩和德鲁克最小化的观点。他们确信不会孤单,他们说的值得很多执行官使用。坦率的说,执行官不知道有一只手绑住他自己或他的背。我的目标是在未来的商业世界证明这一点,执行官在未来和过去都会做的很好。

管理实践快速的改变,企业在成功之路上会为了一个好的机会去斗争,但是管理不是持续改进的。在许多行动的背后是大风雪,技术改革,全球化和复杂性。微电子学,基因学,光学,材料学,激光学,沟通学和组织科学在惊人的发展。改变工作场所,工作进度和产品颠倒也有惊人的速度。我们生活在前辈们的蒸汽,电力的工业改革后,科技发展在未来可以强迫现在变得宁静。资本主义开放市场快速增长。全球化彻底得蔓延到整个竞争市场。,所以人都成为别人的竞争对手,省份,地区甚至城市最后失败。WTO,IMF,WORLE BANK抗议全球化加速。最后,环境反映企业的功能越来越难。商业世界变得离奇古怪和复杂的。执行官猜测的一个人的画面,但是每个画面限制了他们正确的理解,没有小挑战,一个小的惊奇—管理实践已经开始出现。

现在,让我们看一些执行官未来的数据。首先,成功的企业管理总会获得关注。企业缺乏他们踌躇,心烦意乱,浪费资源。内部争论,失去竞争优势,失意员工,消费者,股东和供应商的关注。流行线:如果你不知道你要去哪里,那么路会指引你。如果你不知道在哪里,你怎么知道你什么时候会去那里,还有更多的乐趣。他们发了一封真消息。不过经济环境变得快速变化和不确定,就如同,希望的景象对企业成功的重要性。当事物快速的变迁,视觉基于管理,做决定和计划船锚。

第二,企业在获得利润的基础上售出产品并使消费者满意。企业由于深层的矛盾致使消费者的流失,无论什么环境上菜。它可能是电子时代,但是有一样古老的消费者:在你危险的时候,承认消费者,忽视他们,轻视他们,给他们忏悔,滥用法律,侮辱他们,哄骗他们,欺骗他们,让他们觉得你不关心他们。甚至,全球化和网络在工业快速增长的时候给消费者更多的机会和自由,因此,杠杆作用和敲打使企业更好的为消费者服务。消费者的满意是企业成功的关键,这个在任何时候都不会改变。

第三,管理通过人让事情值得去做。执行官不需要知道怎么做所有的事情,只需要分配任务给工作人员就行了。执行官需要调动员工的积极性并让他们把事情做得更好。在员工和消费者中有同样的争论。经济环境会被旋风改变产生动荡,但是事情会让员工记得:公平,理解,移情作用,尊重,考虑,坦白,真诚,正直,榜样,能力,牵连,处理问题,机会,一个奖励系统,安全和清楚的目标连接。

第四,企业是有消耗的。企业的生存是为了服务消费者,不是控制消耗。但是,企业不有效的控制消耗可能不会有繁荣。基于消耗的需要在任何时候都不会改变,严酷的消耗不会有效的控制消耗也不会改变。石器时代的执行官谁忽视消耗都会在同一个地方结束。执行官可能不会很快到那里,但是地点是隐蔽的。

第五,沉重的负债和匹配的资产负债表经常是金融事故是为了等待收入低速时期,在利率大幅攀升和其他的融资成本发生。新经济时代可能提供更多的道路去减轻资产负债表的风险通过未来多样的战略,选择和掉期交易,更好的预测和金融管理技巧。但是安全真实的资产负债表不会改变。谨慎的资产负债表管理仍然是繁荣管理实践的基础。不要把严重的资产负债表看成是失败的。

第六,我们说所有的企业如果不是适合的,易弯曲的,有回复的,敏捷的和创新的是不会成功的,甚至注定实现超高速经济。适合的,易弯曲的,有回复的,敏捷的和创新的是经济成功的重要组成部分。他不是一代执行官谁成功或者失败,关键是依靠能力去调整去有效的改变,及时的时尚。250年前,希腊的哲学家赫拉克利特说:概念不会永久的改变。150年前,查理达尔文撞击和固定脑袋:

这不是存在的最强的物种,也不是最聪明的,但是是最有可能去改变的。管理改变从第一个执行官开始已经是执行官议程上的顶端问题了,并且一直都是。

最后,不间断的企业成功会总是依靠有效的成功。领导者转变一直都是很重要的。企业在前进过程中把人们都集合起来,硬资产和金融资本去执行,在火炬经过的时候去接受。遗憾的,确保后者情况不被经常关注。

统计学专业英语翻译

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中国教育在线考研频道提供考研全方面信息指导及咨询服务,为您成功考研提供一切帮助。 哲学Philosophy 马克思主义哲学Philosophy of Marxism 中国哲学Chinese Philosophy 外国哲学Foreign Philosophies 逻辑学Logic 伦理学Ethics 美学Aesthetics 宗教学Science of Religion 科学技术哲学Philosophy of Science and Technology 经济学Economics 理论经济学Theoretical Economics 政治经济学Political Economy 经济思想史History of Economic Thought 经济史History of Economic 西方经济学Western Economics 世界经济World Economics 人口、资源与环境经济学Population, Resources and Environmental Economics 应用经济学Applied Economics 国民经济学National Economics 区域经济学Regional Economics 财政学(含税收学)Public Finance (including Taxation) 金融学(含保险学)Finance (including Insurance) 产业经济学Industrial Economics 国际贸易学International Trade 劳动经济学Labor Economics 统计学Statistics 数量经济学Quantitative Economics 中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称 国防经济学National Defense Economics 法学Law 法学Science of Law 法学理论Jurisprudence 法律史Legal History 宪法学与行政法学Constitutional Law and Administrative Law 刑法学Criminal Jurisprudence

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case fatality rate(or case mortality) 病死率 census 普查 chi-sguare(X2) test 卡方检验 central tendency 集中趋势 class interval 组距 classification 分组、分类 cluster sampling 整群抽样 coefficient of correlation 相关系数 coefficient of regression 回归系数 coefficient of variability(or coefficieut of variation) 变异系数collection of data 收集资料 column 列(栏) combinative table 组合表 combined standard deviation 合并标准差 combined variance(or poolled variance) 合并方差complete survey 全面调查 completely correlation 完全相关 completely random design 完全随机设计 confidence interval 可信区间,置信区间 confidence level 可信水平,置信水平 confidence limit 可信限,置信限 constituent ratio 构成比,结构相对数 continuity 连续性 control 对照 control group 对照组 coordinate 坐标 correction for continuity 连续性校正 correction for grouping 归组校正 correction number 校正数 correction value 校正值 correlation 相关,联系 correlation analysis 相关分析 correlation coefficient 相关系数 critical value 临界值 cumulative frequency 累积频率

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西方经济学Western Economics 世界经济World Economics 人口、资源与环境经济学Population, Resources and Environmental Economics 应用经济学Applied Economics 国民经济学National Economics 区域经济学Regional Economics 财政学(含税收学) Public Finance (including Taxation) 金融学(含保险学) Finance (including Insurance) 产业经济学Industrial Economics 国际贸易学International Trade 劳动经济学Labor Economics 统计学Statistics 数量经济学Quantitative Economics 中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称 国防经济学National Defense Economics

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统计学复试专业词汇汇总 population 总体 sampling unit 抽样单元 sample 样本 observed value 观测值 descriptive statistics 描述性统计量 random sample 随机样本 simple random sample 简单随机样本 statistics 统计量 order statistic 次序统计量 sample range 样本极差 mid-range 中程数 estimator 估计量 sample median 样本中位数 sample moment of order k k阶样本矩 sample mean 样本均值 average 平均数 arithmetic mean 算数平均值 sample variance 样本方差 sample standard deviation 样本标准差sample coefficient of variation 样本变异系数

standardized sample random variable 标准化样本随机变量sample coefficient of skewness (歪斜)样本偏度系数 sample coefficient of kurtosis (峰态) 样本峰度系数 sample covariance 样本协方差 sample correclation coefficient 样本相关系数 standard error 标准误差 interval estimator 区间估计 statistical tolerance interval 统计容忍区间 statistical tolerance limit 统计容忍限 confidence interval 置信区间 one-sided confidence interval 单侧置信区间 prediction interval 预测区间 estimate 估计值 error of estimation 估计误差 bias 偏倚 unbiased estimator 无偏估计量 maximum likelihood estimator 极大似然估计量 estimation 估计 maximum likelihood estimation 极大似然估计 likelihood function 似然函数

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9.5 THE LORENTZ FORCE A charge moving in a magnetic field experiences a force which we shall call magnetic . The force is determined by the chang q,its velocity v ,and the magnetic induction B at the point where the charge is at the moment of time being considered .The simplest assumption is that the magnitude of the force F is proportional to each of the three quantities q,v,and B .In addition ,F can be expected to depend on the mutual orientation of the vectors v and B .The direction of the vector F should be determined by those of vectors v and B. To”construct”che vector F form the scalar q and the vectors v and B ,let us find the vector of v and B and then multiply then multiply the result obtained by the scalar q.The result is the expression q[vB (9.31)It has been established experimentally that the force F acting on a charge moving in a magnetic field is determined by the formula Fa=kq[vB] (9.32)Where k is a proportionality constant depending on the choice of the units for the quantities in the formula . It must be borne in mind that the reasoning which led us to expression(9.31)must by no means be considered as the derivation of Eq.(9.32)This reasoning does not have conclusive force .Its aim is to help us memorize Eq(9.32).The correctness of this equation can be established only experimentally . We must note that Eq.(9.32)can be considered as a definition of The magnetic induction B. The unit of magnetic induction B -the tesla-is determined so that the proportionality constant k in Eq.(9.32)equals unity .Hence,In SI units ,this equation becomes F=q[vB] (9.33)The magnitude of the magnetic force is F=qvBsin?(9.34) Where ?is the angle between the vectors v and B .It can be seen from Eq.(9.34) that a charge moving along the lines of a magnetic field does not experience the action of a magnetic

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