? abandon oneself to沉湎于，放纵
? in / during sb’s absence 某人不在的时候? in the absence of … 由于缺乏…
? be absent from缺席 (be present at)
? be absorbed in专注于…
? be abundant in在…上丰富
? have access to有权进入，有权接触
? account for 解释，是…的原因；占…(比例)? adapt (oneself) to (使自己)适应…
? adapt from改编自…
? admit doing/having done 承认做过某事? adopt measures 采取措施
? adopt an orphan 收养孤儿
? (can) afford (to do) sth 买得起，承担得起? agree to do / that 同意做某事
? agree with sb / sb’s opinion 同意某人的观点? agree on 在…上达成一致
? I couldn’t agree more. 我完全同意。
? agree with 与…一致，相符合；对胃口? His behavior doesn’t agree with his words.? allow doing 允许做某事
? allow sb to do 允许某人做某事
? be amazed at对…感到惊讶
? be anxious about为…焦虑，担心
? be anxious to do渴望做某事
? apologize to sb for sth 为某事向某人道歉? make an apology to sb for sth
? appeal to sb for / to do sth 呼吁某人做某事? appeal to吸引；上诉
? have a big / huge appetite 胃口好
? have an appetite for knowledge 渴望知识? apply to sb for向某人申请…
? apply sth to sth 把…应用到…中
? appoint a date 定个日期
? appoint sb (as) 任命某人为
? make an appointment with与…约定
? appreciate doing 感激做某事
? I would appreciate it if …
如果…，我将不胜感激。
? the approach to sth 做某事的方法
? win/earn sb’s approval 得到某人同意，认可? approve of sth 同意，赞成
? argue with sb about 同某人争论
? ague for / against 力争/反对
? arise from / out of 由…引起/产生
? When the need arises … 如果有必要的话，…? fall asleep 入睡
? assist sb in (doing) sth 在…上帮助某人
? be associated with 与…有关
? attach A to B 把A固定在/系在/绑在B上
? attach importance to sth 认为…重要
? attempt to do / doing 试图做某事
? make an attempt to do
? attend a meeting
? attend to sb 接待，照顾
? pay attention to注意，留意
? attract / catch / get one’s attention 吸引注意力? focus/fix one’s attention on集中注意力于…? the attitude to / towards对…的态度
? tourist attractions 旅游景点
? be attractive to sb 对某人有吸引力
? be available to sb 可获得的，可得到的
? on (the) average 平均起来
? avoid doing 避免做某事
? be aware of / that知道，清楚
? be based on/upon以…为基础 (base sth
on/upon)
? on the basis of 在…的基础上，根据…
? I beg your pardon. 请再说一遍。
? beg (sb) for / beg (sb) to do乞求
? on behalf of 代表…
? believe in信任；相信…的存在
? belong to属于
? benefit from从…中获益
? be beneficial to对…有意/有利
? beyond imagination 超乎想象
? be to blame 应该被责备
? blame sb (for) 责备某人
? blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
? get the blame for受到责备
? take the blame 承担责任
? be bored with厌倦…(get tired of)
? bother to do sth 费心、费力做某事
? be bound to be/do 很有可能，肯定会
? be bound to do sth 理应、应该做某事? take a deep breath 深呼吸
? out of breath 上气不接下气
? in brief 简言之
? be capable of (doing) 有能力做某事
? in case of / that 万一…
? in that case 假使那样的话
? be cautious about小心，谨慎
? for certain / sure 肯定，确定，无疑
? （The）Chances are …可能…
? in chaos 一片混乱
? in / under the circumstances 在这种情况下? close to
? combine A and / with B 结合，组合
? command sb to do 命令某人做某事
? command that should do
? comment on /upon / that 表达意见
? commit suicide / a mistake 自杀/犯错
? have sth in common 有共同之处
? common sense 常识
? compare A with / to B 比较A与B
? compete with … for … 竞争
? complain to sb about sth 向某人抱怨…
? concentrate on集中注意力，聚精会神
? concentrate one’s attention on
? distract one’s attention from分散注意力
? be concentrated on
? be concerned about / for担心，忧虑
? be concerned with关于…
? in conclusion 总之
? in good/bad condition 状况良好/糟糕
? press conference 记者招待会
? congratulate sb on 祝贺某人…
? connect A with/and B 连接，联系
? connect A to B 接通，使(电源，水)连接
? be connected with与…有联系
? have / in connection with与…有关
? be conscious of意识到，注意到
? in consequence 因此，所以
? as a consequence of作为…的结果
? consider doing 考虑做某事
? consider sb/sth (to be / as) 认为…
? considering 鉴于，考虑到
? consist of有…组成（be compose of, be made up of）? consist in存在于，在于
? under construction 在建设中
? be content with对…满意、满足
? be content to do 愿意做某事
? on the contrary 与此相反，恰恰相反
? contribute to捐献；导致，有助于；投稿
? make a great contribution to做出巨大的贡献
? If it is convenient to / for you, …
如果你方便的话
? convince sb of sth 使相信，使信服
? take courage 鼓起勇气
? cooperate with sb in doing sth 与…合作
? at the cost of 以…为代价
? at all costs 不惜任何代价
? be cruel to对…残忍，冷酷
? be curious about对…好奇
? out of curiosity 出于好奇
? cause damage to对…造成损害
? dare (to) do 敢于做某事
? in/out of danger 陷入危险，脱离危险
? deal with (how) 处理，应对
? be in debt 负债
? make a decision
? decide to do sth / that
? decide on / upon
? to a certain degree 在某种程度上
? delay doing
? be delighted at
? demand that sb should do
? depend on (for)
? deserve doing / deserve to be done
? in depression
? due to
? at ease 舒适，自由自在，无拘无束
? have an effect on对…有影响
? come into effect 生效，开始实施
? be in effect 实际上，事实上；在实施中? make an effort 努力
? enable sb to do 使某人有能力/有可能做某事? encourage sb to do
? be engaged in忙于，从事于
? be enthusiastic about对…热情的
(be passionate for)
? be equal to同样的；平等的；能应付的? be equipped with配备，装备…
? commit an error 犯错
? escape from 逃脱
? It’s estimated that 据估计，
? in evidence = be evident 显而易见，显眼? exchange for … with…
? be on exhibition 展览，陈列
? come into existence 开始存在
? be in existence 存在
? expect sb to do 期待某人做某事
? be experienced in在…方面有经验
? experiment on / with对/用…做实验? explain to sb 向某人解释
? expose sb/sth to使暴露在…之下
? fade away 逐渐消失
? sb be familiar with sth
? sth be familiar to sb
? ask a favor 请帮个忙
? do sb a favor 帮某人一个忙
? in favor of支持，赞同
? feed on以…为主食
? fight for / against
? be filled with充满，装满
? get oneself fixed up
? follow sb / one’s example 以…为榜样? be fond of
? forbid sb from doing
? forbid sb to do
? forbid doing
? forget to do / doing
? the former… the latter 前者，后者
? make a fortune 发财
? in fright
? frighten sb into / out of doing
? be full of
? in general 通常，大体上
? generally speaking 大体上讲，一般来讲? from generation to generation
? graduate from从…毕业
? be greedy for对…
? guarantee to do sth/that 保证做某事? guarantee sb sth
? under the guidance of 在…的指导下
? develop / form a habit
? get rid of a habit
? by hand 用手工
? at hand (在时间或距离上)接近
? sth has happened to sb 某人发生了某事
? hardly … when … 一…就…
? do harm to损害…
? be harmful to 对…有害
? in harmony with 与…和谐一致
? hate to do / doing 讨厌做某事
? be of good health 健康
? hear of / from听说/收到某人来信
? be helpful in doing sth / to sb
? hesitate to do 做某事犹豫不决
? without hesitation 毫不犹豫
? in history 历史上
? make history 创造历史
? go down in history 载入史册
? be on holiday
? honor sb for因…表扬/奖励某人
? honor sb with给予某人头衔，称号
? in honor of为了表示对…的敬意；为了纪念? hope to do / that
? in the hope of / in the hope that 抱着…的希望? be in hospital 生病住院
? in a hurry 匆忙
? hurry to do sth 忙着去做某事
? hurry to sp 忙着去某地
? imagine doing 想象做某事
? be of great importance
? impress sb 给某人留下深刻的印象
? be impressed with/by
? leave / have an impression on
? including (prep. 包括)
? increase by / to 增加了/到
? be on the increase 在增加/长
? be independent of / from 独立的，不相关的? have an influence on 对…有影响
? insist on 坚持
? instead of
? intend to do 打算做某事
? take an interest in
? be jealous of
? judge from/by
? have a good knowledge of 精通，掌握
? lack of (n.)
? lack sth (vt.)
? laugh at 嘲笑某人
? learn from
? at least 至少
? be likely to be / do 有可能是/做某事
? be more / less / very likely to do
? on the list
? make a list of
? list sth (vt.) 列举…
? listen to 听…
? get / be lost 丢失；迷路
? at a loss 不知所措，困惑
? be loyal to 对…忠诚
? manage to do 设法做成某事
? be mad about / on 特别喜欢，痴迷 (crazy)? major in 主修…
? the majority of …的大多数
? marry sb 娶某人
? marry sb to sb 把某人嫁给某人
? get married with 同…结婚
? match (go with) 匹配
? It matters a lot. 很重要/关系重大。
? It is … that matters.
? mean sth / doing sth 意味着，指的是
? mean to do 想要做某事
? at the same time 同时 (meanwhile)
? in memory of sb / to the memory of sb
作为对某人的纪念
? mind doing 介意做某事
? The minority of …中的少数
? make a mistake 犯错
? mix … with/and 混合，融合
? mix sth up 弄错，弄乱
? for a moment 一会儿
? for the moment / present 目前，暂时
( = for the time being 目前，眼下)
? at the moment 现在，目前
? at that moment 那时候
? name sb / sth after 以…命名
? by nature 生性，天生
? in nature 本性，本质特点
? It is necessary for sb to do
? in great need of 非常需要
? need to do / do
? needn’t do = don’t need to do
? needn’t have done 本不需要做但做了
? next to 紧挨，在…近旁
? next to never 仅次于，几乎
? nothing but 只，仅仅
? take notice of 注意到
? sth occur to sb
? It suddenly occurs to sb that 某人突然想起…? only+ 状语放句首部分倒装
? operate on动手术
? opinion of / about / on对…的看法，观点? quite the opposite 恰恰相反
? be optimistic / positive about 对…乐观的? put sth in order 按次序排列
? in order 井然有序
? out of order
? keep sth in order 维持秩序
? give orders 下命令
? place an order for sth 下订单
? May I take your order? 现在可以点菜了吗？? order sb to do 命令某人做某事
? order that sb (should) do （command）
? She is Chinese by origin. 出身，身世
? owe … to … 把…归咎于…
? owe sth to sb / owe sb sth 欠某人某物
? owing to 由于，因为
? of one’s own 某人自己的
? on one’s own = by oneself 靠自己
? panic (panicked panicked)
? participate in参加，参与 (take part in)
? be particular about/over 对…挑剔、讲究? in / over / during the past few years (现完)? be patient with对…有耐心
? pay sb sm for sth
? pay sth off还清，偿清
? perfect sth 使完善，使完美
? perform a plan 履行计划
? persuade sb to do / into doing
? please sb 使高兴，使满意
? be pleased with对…满意的
? plenty of
? point at / to指向，指着
? be popular with / among受…欢迎，流行? have a population of 有…人口
? take possession of 占有
? sth is in the possession of sb
? sb is in possession of sth
? practise doing sth
? prefer sth
? prefer A to B
? prefer doing sth
? prefer doing A to doing B
? prefer to do
? prefer to do rather than do
? make good preparations for 为…做好准备? at present现在，目前
? in the present situation 在当前形势下? present sth to sb / present sb with sth 把…交给；颁发；授予
? pretend to be / do假装是/做某事
? pretend to be doing假装正在做
? pretend to have done 假装做过了
? pretty good 相当好 (rather, quite)
? prevent sb from阻止，阻挠
? at any price 不惜任何代价，无论如何? solve/settle the problem
? in the process of 在…过程中
? process information 处理加工信息
? processed products 加工过的产品
? make a profit 赢利，赚钱
? make progress 取得进步
? prohibit sb from doing (尤指以法令)禁止? promise to do sth
? promise sb sth 答应某人某事
? promising 有希望的，有前途的
? promote understanding / development
加深了解，促进发展
? protect … from …保护…免遭…
? be proud of以…为骄傲
? provide sb with sth 提供
? provide sth for sb
? in public 在公共场合
? on purpose 故意，有意
? with the purpose of有…意图/目的
? be of good quality 质量好
? a large quantity of 大量的 (谓动视名词定)? quantities of 大量的 (谓动为复数)
? quit school 辍学
? quit doing
? range from … to …(between … and …)
在…范围内变化，变动
? be ready to do / for
? face reality 面对现实
? in reality 实际上，事实上
? recommend sth/sb to sb
? recommend that
? recover from从…中恢复过来；康复? reduce by/ to减少了/到
? refer to提及；指的是；查阅
? refer to sb as认为/称…为…
? refuse sth / to do sth
? regard … as … 将…视为/看作…
? regardless of 不管，不顾，不理会
? regret to do / doing
? be related to与…有关的 (be relevant to)? rely on/upon依靠，依赖；信赖，信任? remember to do /doing
? remind sb to do
? remind sb of sth
? remove sth from移开，拿开，去掉? require sb to do
? sth require doing / to be done
? rescue sb from营救，援救
? resist doing 抵制，阻挡，反对，反抗? be responsible for对…负责
? take the responsibility 承担责任
? have/take a rest 休息
? result in导致，引起
? as a result of 因为
? be rich in在…上富有，丰富
? get rid of拜托，丢弃，扔掉
? risk doing 冒险做某事
? play a role in扮演角色；发挥作用
? be rude to对…粗鲁的
? in safety 安全
? on sale 出售；促销
? save … from …营救；使免遭
? search sth for sth 搜寻，搜查
? search sb for 搜身
? in search of 搜寻
? seek (for) sth 寻找
? seek one’s advice 征求某人的意见
? seek to do sth 设法做某事
? make sense 有道理，有意义
? sentence sb to death 判某人死刑
? separate A from B 分开，分离
? be serious about对…认真的
? in the shape of 呈…形状
? shape … into… 使成为…形状，塑造
? share … with…分享
? in sight 在视野范围内
? out of sight 看不见
? at first sight 乍一看，初看时
? be similar to (in)
? in a difficult situation 处境困难
? be skilled at/in
? time / money to spare 余钱，闲暇
? speed up 加速，加快
? spend time/money on /(in) doing sth
? spread rumors
? spread butter over the toast
? at this stage 在这一阶段/时期
? on the stage 在舞台上
? stare at （glance at, gaze at, glare at）
? stay at home (stay vi.停留，留下)
? stay healthy保持健康 (stay系动，保持，维持)? stick to 坚持（persist in, insist on）
? be strict with 对某人严厉
? be strict about 对某事严格
? struggle to do sth / for sth 努力做某事，为…奋斗? succeed in doing
? suffer (from)
? suffer the consequences 承担后果
? suggest doing
? It suits me (fine). (颜色，款式)
? be suitable for
? be superior to 比…更好，更出色（inferior）? supply sb with sth / supply sth to sb
? be sure of 对…确信的
? be sure to do sth 一定要/务必做某事
? much to one’s surprise 令某人非常惊讶的是? suspect sb of sth 怀疑某人…
? The dove is a symbol of peace.
鸽子是和平的象征。
? 0 is the symbol for zero. 0是零的符号。
? have a talent for 有…方面的天赋
? a man/woman of many talents 多才多艺的人? talent show/contest 才艺秀
? have (good) taste 有（良好的）鉴赏力
? have a taste for / in喜爱
? to sb’s taste 合某人的口味，称心
? teach sb sth = teach sth to sb
? teach sb (how) to do
? tear sth apart 把…撕开
? tear sb apart 使极其难受
? tear down 推倒，拆毁
? tear sth into pieces 把…撕成碎片
? tend to do 有倾向做某事
? be thankful for对…感激/感谢
? think of 认为；想出；想起
What do you think of …? / How do you find ..? ? think of sb/sth as 认为某人/某物是…
? think about 考虑
? think over 认真考虑
? think aloud 自言自语
? think much/highly of 高度评价
? be thirsty for渴望…(be greedy for)
? be tired from因…疲倦
? be tired of对…厌烦了
? slip of the tongue 说漏了嘴，口误
? native tongue 方言（dialect）
? treat sb like / as 把某人当作…看待，视作? (It’s) my treat. 我请客。
? to tell you the truth 说实话
（to be honest, to put it honestly）
? turn down 调低；拒绝
? turn to 转向；翻到(书中的某页)
? turn to sb for help 向某人求助
? turn on/off
? turn out 结果是，证明是
? turn up 调高；出现
? in turn 反过来，转而（in return）
? It’s typical of sb to do sth. 某人一向如此。? be unconscious of 未意识到，未觉察到? be unknown to …不知道
? as usual 像往常一样
? have a good / bad view of 看得见/看不见? be of vital importance
? volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事
? vote for投票
? wake up 醒来
? wake sb up 把某人叫醒
? wake up to sth 醒来时注意到/认识到…? want to do
? sth want doing/to be done.
? warn sb about sth 警告，提醒
? warn sb of警告，提醒
? warn sb not to do sth
? warn sb that…
? It’s a waste of time/money.
? be worn out 筋疲力尽
? in a whisper 低声，耳语
一、选择题 1．I’d like to________the mall because it’s crowded and noisy. A．visit B．hang out C．walk D．go off 2．That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A．leads B．forms C．repairs D．controls 3．I don’t want to go. __________, I am too tired. A．However B．And C．Besides D．But 4．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ________ plants can spread to new places. A．so B．or C．but D．for 5．When I as well as my cousins __________ as a volunteer in Beijing, I saw the Water Cube twice. A．were treated B．treated C．was served D．served 6．He is wearing his sunglasses to himself from the strong sunlight. A．prevent B．stop C．keep D．protect 7．When you are________, you should listen to music to cheer you up. A．shy B．afraid C．strict D．down 8．Mr. Smith gave us some________on how to improve our speaking skills. A．advice B．news C．knowledge D．information 9．World Book Day takes place ________ April 23rd every year. A．at B．in C．on 10．More and more people have realized that clear waters and green mountains are as ________ as mountain of gold and silver. A．central B．harmful C．valuable D．careful 11．We loved the food so much, ________the fish dishes. A．special B．especial C．specially D．especially 12．—Oh, my God! I have ________ five pounds after the Spring Festival. —All of the girls want to lose weight, but easier said than done. A．given up B．put on C．got on D．grown up 13．—What do you think of the performance today? —Great! ________ but a musical genius could perform so successfully. A．All B．None C．Anybody D．Everybody 14．He ________ his homework________the morning of Sunday. A．doesn’t do; on B．doesn’t do; in C．doesn’t; on 15．Maria ________ speaks Chinese because she doesn’t know much Chinese. A．seldom B．always C．often D．usually 16．In 2018, trade between China and Hungary rose by 7.5 percent, and recently on Friday companies from China and Hungary________ several cooperation (合作) agreements under the
30句雅思口语常用单词和句子 1.不要试图说太长的句子。简单句为主，and, but, so, also, because, if 等连接一下即可。 2. 用一用cos 引导原因 3. 用一用like 举例 4. 停顿的时候，用well, eh, um, 或者you know，占位 5. 用一用or whatever, and stuff like that, and something like that 表示“等等” 6. 在句首用上actually ,basically, obviously, unfortunately, 等副词。 7. Most of the time, …, but sometimes … 这个结构很有用。 8. It depends, but generally …这个结构也很实用。 9. It varies. If …., I…, but if…, I… 这个结构也值得掌握。 10. 说朋友的时候，可用mate/buddy 代替 11. 说电影的时候可用flick/flicks 代替；同样watch/see a film, 也可用catch a flick 代替。 12. 说好吃的时候，用tasty 或yummy 代替。 13. 说“很棒”的时候，用“amazing, awesome, incredible, marvelous” 14. 说“很美”的时候，用“really pretty，attractive 或gorgeous” 15. 说“很次”的时候，用“terrible/awful”. 16. 说“很丑” 的时候，用“really unattractive/hideous” 17. 说“假货” 的时候，用“fake” 18. 说“贵”的时候，用“pricey/dear”.
to与for的用法和区别 一般情况下, to后面常接对象; for后面表示原因与目的为多。 Thank you for helping me. Thanks to all of you. to sb.表示对某人有直接影响比如，食物对某人好或者不好就用to; for表示从意义、价值等间接角度来说，例如对某人而言是重要的，就用for. for和to这两个介词，意义丰富，用法复杂。这里仅就它们主要用法进行比较。 1. 表示各种“目的” 1. What do you study English for? 你为什么要学英语？ 2. She went to france for holiday. 她到法国度假去了。 3. These books are written for pupils. 这些书是为学生些的。 4. hope for the best, prepare for the worst. 作最好的打算，作最坏的准备。 2．对于 1．She has a liking for painting. 她爱好绘画。 2．She had a natural gift for teaching. 她对教学有天赋/ 3．表示赞成同情，用for不用to. 1. Are you for the idea or against it? 你是支持还是反对这个想法？ 2. He expresses sympathy for the common people.. 他表现了对普通老百姓的同情。 3. I felt deeply sorry for my friend who was very ill. 4 for表示因为，由于（常有较活译法） 1 Thank you for coming. 谢谢你来。 2. France is famous for its wines. 法国因酒而出名。 5．当事人对某事的主观看法，对于（某人），对…来说（多和形容词连用）用介词to，不用for.. He said that money was not important to him. 他说钱对他并不重要。 To her it was rather unusual. 对她来说这是相当不寻常的。 They are cruel to animals. 他们对动物很残忍。 6．for和fit, good, bad, useful, suitable 等形容词连用，表示适宜，适合。 Some training will make them fit for the job. 经过一段训练，他们会胜任这项工作的。 Exercises are good for health. 锻炼有益于健康。 Smoking and drinking are bad for health. 抽烟喝酒对健康有害。 You are not suited for the kind of work you are doing. 7. for表示不定式逻辑上的主语，可以用在主语、表语、状语、定语中。 1．It would be best for you to write to him. 2．The simple thing is for him to resign at once. 3．There was nowhere else for me to go. 4．He opened a door and stood aside for her to pass.
boring 令人厌烦的，乏味的，无聊的 tedious 乏味的，单调的，冗长的 flat 单调的，沉闷的 dull 乏味的，单调的 troublesome 令人烦恼的，讨厌的，麻烦的 tired 疲劳的，累的 bored 无聊的，无趣的，烦人的 exhausted 极其疲倦的 weary 疲劳的 bright 聪敏的，机灵的 apt 聪明的，反应敏捷的 intelligent 聪明的，有才智的 shrewd 机灵的，敏锐的，精明的（表示生意上的精明） ingenious （人，头脑）灵巧的 alert 警觉的，留神的 cute 聪明伶俐的，精明的 acute/cute acute 指的是视力，感觉的敏锐 dull 愚钝的，笨的 awkward 笨拙的，不灵巧的 absurd 荒谬的 ridiculous 可笑的，荒谬的 idiotic 白痴般的 blunt 率直的，直言不讳的 clumsy 笨拙的，粗陋的 happy 快乐的，幸福的 cheerful 欢乐的，高兴的 content 满意的，满足的 merry 欢乐的，愉快的，快乐的 pleasure 高兴，愉快，满足 enjoyment 享乐，快乐，乐趣 cheer 喝彩 applause 鼓掌，掌声 optimism 乐观，乐观主义 delight 快乐，高兴 kick 极大的乐趣 paradise 天堂，乐园 instant 立即的，即刻的 instantaneous 瞬间的，即刻的 immediate 立即的，即刻的 simultaneous 同时发生的，同时存在的，同步的punctual 严守时刻的，准时的，正点的 pick 挑选，选择 select 选择，挑选 single 选出，挑出 elect 选举，推举 vote 投票，选举 appoint 任命，委派 nominate 提名，任命 propose 提名，推荐 recommend 推荐，举荐 designate 指派，委任 delegate 委派（或选举）…为代表 install(l) 使就职，任命 ballot 使投票表决 dub 把…称为 choice 选择（权） option 选择 selection 选择，挑选 alternative 取舍，供选择的东西 favorite 特别喜爱的人（或物） inclination 爱好 preference 喜爱，偏爱，优先 observe 注意到，察觉到 perceive 认识到，意识到，理解 detect 察觉，发现 appreciate （充分）意识到，领会，体会 alert 使认识到，使意识到 awake 意识到，醒，觉醒 scent 察觉 ancient 古代的，古老的 primitive 原始的 preliminary 预备的，初步的 preliminary trial初审 primary 最初的，初级的 initial 开始的，最初的 original 起初的 former 在前的，以前的 previous 先，前 prior 在前的，优先的 beforehand 预先，事先 medieval 中世纪的，中古（时代）的preceding 在先的，在前的，前面的 senior 资格较老的，地位较高的 following 接着的，下述的 attendant 伴随的 subsequent 随后的，后来的 succeeding 以后的，随后的 consequent 作为结果（或后果）的，随之发生的 resultant 作为结果的，因而发生的therefore 因此，所以 consequently 所以，因此 then 那么，因而 thus 因此，从而 hence 因此，所以 accordingly 因此，所以，于是 thereby 因此，从而
第1期【雅思口语常见单词】 运动词汇： aerobics ，body-building，jogging有氧操，健美，慢跑，judo 柔道，wresting 摔跤，ball games 球类运动，football 足球，basketball 篮球，tennis 网球，squash 壁球，rugby 橄榄球，volleyball 排球，golf 高尔夫球，table tennis 乒乓球，badminton 羽毛球，baseball 棒球，cricket 板球，hockey 曲棍球，billiard 台球，softball 垒球，ice hockey 冰球，aquatic sports 水上运动，country sports 乡间户外活动(如打猎, 钓鱼, 射击, 赛马等) a favourite sport 受人喜爱的运动项目，the school sports 学校运动会，sports extra 体育增刊，a sports meet [meeting] 运动会，a sports field 运动场，sportscast n., v.[美](播送)体育节目，sportscaster n. 体育节目广播员，sports-down n. [美]运动界，sports-minded adj. 关心体育的，sports writing n. 体育新闻的报道或写作，sports-wear n.运动服装，sports-writer 体育运动专栏作家，sportsdom [美]体育界有关运动的人员：amateur 业余运动员,爱好者，contestant, competitor, player 运动员，enthusiast, fan 迷,爱好者，guide 领队，instructor 教练,技术指导，linesman, touch judge (橄榄球)裁判，manager 经纪人，professional 职业运动员，referee, umpire (网球.棒球)裁判，trainer 助理教练，batsman 板球运动员，batter 击球运动员，men's singles 单打运动员，in the mixed doubles 混合双打，足球运动员a football player，守门员the goalkeeper 运动员，田径运动员an athlete / a sportsman / a sports-woman 职业/ 业余运动员（球类运动员）a professional / amateur player 教练the coach 他的对手his opponents / rivals 体育设施词汇： sports stadium 露天运动场，football stadium 有看台的大型足球场，children's stadium 儿童运动场，ice stadium 冰场，swimming stadium 有看台的游泳场，football pitch足球场，rugby pitch橄榄球场，hockey pitch 曲棍球场，cricket pitch 板球场，swimming pool 游泳池，natatorium（室内游泳池），tennis court网球场，basketball court 篮球场，squash court 壁球场，volleyball court 排球场，badminton court 羽毛球场，golf course 高尔夫球场，exercise area 运动区，ice [skating] rink 溜冰场，ping pong tables 乒乓球案 奥运会the Olympic Games 东道国the host nation 火把点燃仪式the flame-lighting ceremony 开幕式/ 闭幕式the opening / closing ceremony 发奖仪式the prize-awarding ceremony (田径)比赛a competition / contest 锦标赛a championship (球类)比赛a match / game 奥运中常见比赛项目： badminton羽毛球, basketball篮球, baseball棒球, football足球, handball手球, hockey曲棍球, tennis 网球, volleyball排球, canoeing划艇, diving跳水, rowing划船, swimming游泳, synchronised swimming 同游表演, water polo水球, high jump跳高, hurdles 跳栏赛跑, the high [low] 高[低]栏赛跑, long jump跳远, Marathon马拉松长跑, pole vault撑杆跳, 20 km and 50 km road walk, triathlon三项全能运动, Floor Exercises自由体操, gymnastics体操, balance bars 平衡杆, horizontal bar单杠, parallel bars双杠, rings吊环, archery箭术, boxing拳击, cycling骑自行车比赛, discus 掷铁饼, equestrian骑马, fencing剑术, javelin投枪, judo 柔道, Pommel
displacement n. 移置 , 转移 , 取代 , 置换 , 位移 , 排水量dramatic adj. 戏剧性的 , 生动的 eventually adv. 最后 , 终 于 exhibit vt. 展出 , 陈列 n.展览品 , 陈列品 , 展品 v.展示exploitation n.开发 , 开采 , 剥削 , 自私的利用 , 宣传 , 广告 fluctuations n. 波动 , 起伏 highlighted adj. 突出的 implicit adj.暗示的 , 盲从的 , 含蓄的 , 固有的 , 不怀疑的, 绝对的 induced vt. 劝诱 , 促使 , 导致 , 引起 , 感应 inevitably adv. 不可避免 infrastructure n. 下部构造 , 基础下部组织 inspection n. 检查 , 视察 intensity n. 强烈 , 剧烈 , 强度 ,亮度 manipulation n. 处理 , 操作 , 操纵 offset n.抵销 , 弥补 , 分支 , vt.弥补 , 抵销 , 用平版印刷 vi.偏移 , 形成分支 paragraph n.(文章 )段 , 节 , 段落 plus prep.加上 adj.正的 , 加的 practitioners n. 从业者 , 开业者 predominantly adv.卓越的 , 支配的 , 主要的 , 突出的 , 有影响的 prospect n.景色 , 前景 , 前途 , 期望 vi. 寻找 , 勘探 radical adj. 根本的 , 基本的 , 激进的 n.激进分子 random n.随意 , 任意 adj.任意的 , 随便的 , 胡乱的adv.胡乱地 reinforce vt. 加强 , 增援 , 补充 , 增加 ...的数量 , 修补 , 加固n.加固物 restore vt.恢复 , 使回复 , 归还 , 交还 , 修复 , 重建 revision n. 修订 , 修改 , 修正 , 修订本 schedule n.时 间表 , 进度表 v.确定时间 tension n. 紧张 (状态 ), 不安 , 拉紧 , 压力 , 张力 , vt. 拉紧 , 使紧张 termination n. 终止 thereby adv.因此 , 从而 , 在那方面 , 在那附近 uniform adj. 统一的 , 相同的 , 一致的 ,；n.制服 vt.使成一 样 , 使穿制服 vehicle n. 交通工具 , 车辆 , 媒介物 , 传达手段 via prep.经 , 通过 , 经由 virtually adv. 事实上 , 实质上 widespread adj. 分布广泛的 , 普遍的 visual adj. 看的 , 视觉的 , 形象的 , 栩栩如生的accommodation n.住处 , 膳宿 , (车 , 船 , 飞机等的 )预定铺位 , (眼睛等的 )适应性调节 analogous adj.类似的 , 相似的 , 可比拟的 anticipate vt. 预期 , 期望 , 过早使用 , 先人一着 , 占先 v. 预订 , 预见 , 可以预料 assurance n.确信 , 断言 , 保证 , 担保attain vt. 达到 , 获得 v.达到 behalf n.为 , 利益 bulk n.大小 , 体积 , 大批 , 大多数 , 散装 vt.显得大 , 显得重 要 ceases v停.止 , 终了 ,n.停止 coherence n.一致 coincide vi. 一致 , 符合 commence v.开始，着手 concurrent n 同时发生的事件 adj.并发的，协作的，一致 的 confined adj. 被限制的，狭窄的，分娩 的 controversy n. 论战 ,争论 ,辩论 conversely adv.倒的 ,逆的 device n. 装置 ,设计 ,图案 ,策略 ,发明物 ,设备；【计】安 装设备驱动程序 devote v.投身于 ,献身于 diminish v.( 使 )减少 ,( 使)变小 distorted adj. 扭曲的 ,受到曲解 的 duration n. 持续时间 ,为期 erosion n. 腐蚀 ,浸蚀 ethical adj. 与伦理有关的 ,民族的 ,民族特有的 founded v.建立 ,创立 inherent adj.固有的 ,内在的 ,与生俱来的 insight n. 洞察力 ,见识 integral adj. 完整的 ,整体的 ,【数学】积分的 mature adj. 成熟的 ,到期的 ,充分考虑的 ,(票据等 )到期的 vt.使成熟vi. 成熟 ,到期 mediation n.仲裁 ,调解 ,调停 advocate n.提倡者 , 鼓吹者 vt.提倡 , 鼓吹 channel n.海峡 , 水道 , 沟 , 路线 vt.引导 , 开导 , 形成河道；信道 ,频道 classical adj.古典的 , 正统派的 , 古典文学的 comprehensive adj. 全面的 , 广泛的 , 能充分理解的 , 包容 的 comprise v.包含 , 由 ...组成 confirmed adj. 证实的 , 惯常的 , 慢性的 contrary adj.相反的 , 逆的 , decades n十.年 , 十 definite adj. 明确的 , 一定的 deny v.否认 , 拒绝 differentiation n. 区别 disposal n.处理 , 处置 , 布置 , 安排 , 配置 , 支配 empirical adj. 完全根据经验的 , 经验主义的 , 【化】实验式 equipment n.装备 , 设备 , 器材 , 装置 , 铁道车辆 , 才能extract n.精 , 汁 , 榨出物 , 摘录 , 选粹 vt.拔出 , 榨取 , 开方, 求根, 摘录, 析取, 吸取 foundation n.基础 , 根本 , 建立 , 创立 , 地基 , 基金 , 基金会
介词for用法归纳 用法1：(表目的)为了。如： They went out for a walk. 他们出去散步了。 What did you do that for? 你干吗这样做？ That’s what we’re here for. 这正是我们来的目的。 What’s she gone for this time? 她这次去干什么去了？ He was waiting for the bus. 他在等公共汽车。 【用法说明】在通常情况下，英语不用for doing sth 来表示目的。如： 他去那儿看他叔叔。 误：He went there for seeing his uncle. 正：He went there to see his uncle. 但是，若一个动名词已名词化，则可与for 连用表目的。如： He went there for swimming. 他去那儿游泳。(swimming 已名词化) 注意：若不是表目的，而是表原因、用途等，则其后可接动名词。(见下面的有关用法) 用法2：(表利益)为，为了。如： What can I do for you? 你想要我什么？ We study hard for our motherland. 我们为祖国努力学习。 Would you please carry this for me? 请你替我提这个东西好吗？ Do more exercise for the good of your health. 为了健康你要多运动。 【用法说明】(1) 有些后接双宾语的动词(如buy, choose, cook, fetch, find, get, order, prepare, sing, spare 等)，当双宾语易位时，通常用for 来引出间接宾语，表示间接宾语为受益者。如： She made her daughter a dress. / She made a dress for her daughter. 她为她女儿做了件连衣裙。 He cooked us some potatoes. / He cooked some potatoes for us. 他为我们煮了些土豆。 注意，类似下面这样的句子必须用for： He bought a new chair for the office. 他为办公室买了张新办公椅。 (2) 注意不要按汉语字面意思，在一些及物动词后误加介词for： 他们决定在电视上为他们的新产品打广告。 误：They decided to advertise for their new product on TV. 正：They decided to advertise their new product on TV. 注：advertise 可用作及物或不及物动词，但含义不同：advertise sth＝为卖出某物而打广告；advertise for sth＝为寻找某物而打广告。如：advertise for a job=登广告求职。由于受汉语“为”的影响，而此处误加了介词for。类似地，汉语中的“为人民服务”，说成英语是serve the people，而不是serve for the people，“为某人的死报仇”，说成英语是avenge sb’s death，而不是avenge for sb’s death，等等。用法3：(表用途)用于，用来。如： Knives are used for cutting things. 小刀是用来切东西的。 This knife is for cutting bread. 这把小刀是用于切面包的。 It’s a machine for slicing bread. 这是切面包的机器。 The doctor gave her some medicine for her cold. 医生给了她一些感冒药。 用法4：为得到，为拿到，为取得。如： He went home for his book. 他回家拿书。 He went to his friend for advice. 他去向朋友请教。 She often asked her parents for money. 她经常向父母要钱。
不能片面说人做主语用ed，物做主语ing ing形式是修饰引起这种感觉的人或物；ed形式是描写人或物的感受。（当然物一般是动物） 翻译的话 ing形式的词译为“令人……的”；ed形式译为“……的” boring是令人感到厌烦的；bored是厌烦的。 a boring person 能够指一个了无情趣的人，让人觉得无趣的人 a bored person 则是说这个人自己感到很无趣 1.bore 1）vt.使厌烦；挖 e.g. I'm bored with this job. 这件工作厌烦了。 The oldier bore the sharp pain in the wound with great courage. 这士兵以巨大的勇气忍受着伤口的剧烈疼痛。 2）n.令人讨厌的人（或事） e.g. It's a bore having to go out again. 外出真是讨厌。 boredom n.厌倦，无趣 e.g. in infinite boredom 极其无趣 boring n. 钻(孔) adj. 令人厌烦的(事或物） e.g. The play was boring. 这部短剧很一点意思都没有。 bored adj. 无聊的, 无趣的, 烦人的 e.g. Jack is so bored. 杰克是个没有趣的人。 2.surprising 是针对事或物感到惊奇。 surprised 则是针对人。 3.pleasant adj. 愉快的, 快乐的, 舒适的, 合意的可爱的, 举止文雅的, 活泼的滑稽的, 有趣的 (天气)晴朗的, 美好的容易相处的, 友爱的 e.g. a pleasant voice 悦耳的声音 a pleasant companion 可爱的伴侣 a pleasant time 愉快地度过时光 pleasing adj. 舒适的, 使人愉快的; 满意的; 惹人喜欢的, 可爱的 e.g. a pleasing look 使人愉快的神情 a very well mannered and pleasing young man 彬彬有礼而令人喜爱的年轻人
雅思口语常用句型 一、口语考试套话倒背如流 1. 与考官见面用语 Glad to meet you here. How nice to see you. Fancy seeing you. How are you? I’m glad to have had the opportunity to meet you here. I’m glad to meet you. I’m please to meet you. It’s a plea sure to meet you. 2. 对考官所提问题完全听不懂 Could you please rephrase that question / topic? I’m not exactly sure what you mean… 3. 对考官所提问题似懂非懂/要核实对考官所提问题的理解是否正确 Do you mean…? If I understand right,… I’m sorry if I’m being a little slow, but…? I’m sorry, I’m not sure I understand. Do you mean (that)…? So am I right in saying…? If I’ve got the picture, then… So what you mean is…, right? Sorry I don’t quite catch you. You mean…? Can I get one thing clear? Would I be correct in supposing…? 4.对考官所提问题的内容不熟悉 I’m not exactly sure how to answer that question, but (perhaps)… That’s a rather difficult question, but (maybe)… I’m sorry, but I don’t know much about… 5. 评价考官所提问题 That’s difficult to answer, but (maybe)… I’m sorry, but I don’t know much about…but perhaps… Maybe I can answer your question by telling you about a personal experience I had. That’s an interesting question…let me see. Well, I suppose that… Yes, that’s a big issue. 6.连接词
●few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系： few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有； a few表示有肯定意思，有几个。例如： He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。 There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。 little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。 a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。例如： There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？ [问] 1. My father has many books, but he has_____ English books. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few Answer 2. The twins can speak only ___ French. A. a few B. few C. little D. a little Answer [析] 1. few 与little 作形容词用，都表示“几乎没有”，相当于一个否定词。具体区别： (1) few 后面跟复数可数名词。e.g. few books few students (2) little 后面跟单数不可数名词。e.g. little water little food e.g. He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。 They has little money. 他们没有什麽钱 2. a few 与a little 都表示肯定的意思，指“有一点，有一些”。具体区别： (1) a few 后加可数名词复数 （2）a little 后加不可数名词单数。 e.g. I'm going to buy a few bananas. I can speak only a little Chinese. 3. a little 与little 也可以用作副词，表示“有点”“稍稍” 表示“很少” e.g. ----Can you speak English? ----Yes, but only a little. This book is a little more difficult than that one. （可修饰形容词比较级） She slept little last night. 昨天晚上，她没有怎么睡觉。 ●very与much very与much表示“很”，“非常”。 不能用very来作修饰词,只能用much来作修饰词 very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级; much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级，修饰动词要用much或very much.
流利度与连贯性的飞跃：雅思口语必备15种过渡词 雅思口语有四个评分标准：Fluency &Coherence(流利度与连贯性)，Grammatical Range & Accuracy(语法广度及准确度), Lexical Resources (词汇范围和准确度) 和Pronunciation(发音)。根据笔者观察，学生们往往对怎样提升 流利度与连贯性不知所措，即便在家里把准备好的材料背的滚瓜烂熟，到了考场也常由于紧张或者有明显背诵的痕迹，取得一个非常糟糕的分数。虽然在一个较短的时间内大幅提升自己语言的连贯与流利不是件容易的事，但我们却可以通过口语中的一些过渡词，帮助自己消除紧张情绪。更重要的是，善于运用口语中的过渡词，可以大大消除背诵痕迹，让自己的语言变得更加自然，更具有逻辑性。 在雅思口语中，有15种过渡词使用的频率极高，可以帮助大家迅速提升口语交流的流利度与连贯性。 1. Addition(递进) moreover, what is more, furthermore, , let alone, additionally, not to mention (this), besides (this) , in addition (to this) 真题链接： Q: Do you often use the dictionary? A: I often refer to a dictionary for some new words. Additionally, browsing the dictionary can also enlarge my vocabulary and knowledge. 2. Reference(引用) considering (this), regarding (this), as for (this), concerning (this), on the subject of (this) 真题链接： Q: Is time important?
For的用法 1. 表示“当作、作为”。如: I like some bread and milk for breakfast. 我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。 What will we have for supper? 我们晚餐吃什么? 2. 表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。如: Thank you for helping me with my English. 谢谢你帮我学习英语。 3. 表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”、“对…… (而言)”。如: Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。 Watching TV too much is bad for your health. 看电视太多有害于你的健康。 4. 表示时间、距离,意为“计、达”。如: I usually do the running for an hour in the morning. 我早晨通常跑步一小时。 We will stay there for two days. 我们将在那里逗留两天。 5. 表示去向、目的,意为“向、往、取、买”等。如: Let’s go for a walk. 我们出去散步吧。 I came here for my schoolbag.我来这儿取书包。 I paid twenty yuan for the dictionary. 我花了20元买这本词典。 6. 表示所属关系或用途,意为“为、适于……的”。如: It’s time for school. 到上学的时间了。 Here is a letter for you. 这儿有你的一封信。 7. 表示“支持、赞成”。如: Are you for this plan or against it? 你是支持还是反对这个计划? 8. 用于一些固定搭配中。如: Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁? For example, Mr Green is a kind teacher. 比如,格林先生是一位心地善良的老师。 尽管for 的用法较多，但记住常用的几个就可以了。 to的用法: 一：表示相对，针对 be strange (common, new, familiar, peculiar) to This injection will make you immune to infection. 二：表示对比，比较 1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior 2: 一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous A is similar to B in many ways.
一、选择题 1．Is this a photo of your son? He looks________ in the blue T-shirt. A．lovely B．quietly C．beautiful D．happily 2．—Jerry looks so tired. He works too hard. —He has to ________ a family of four on his own. A．offer B．support C．provide D．remain 3．— Mr. Wilson, can I ask you some questions about your speech? — Certainly, feel __________ to ask me. A．good B．patient C．free D．happy 4．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ________ plants can spread to new places. A．so B．or C．but D．for 5．— Can you tell us about our new teacher? —Oh, I’m sorry. I know________ about him because I haven’t seen him before. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 6．—Help yourselves! The drinks are ________ me. —Thank you. You’re always so generous. A．above B．in C．on D．over 7．Gina didn’t study medicine. ________, she decided to become an actor. A．Instead B．Again C．Anyway D．Also 8．—Have you got Kathy’s________ for her concert? —Yes, I’d like to go and enjoy it. A．interview B．information C．invitation D．introduction 9．More and more people have realized that clear waters and green mountains are as ________ as mountain of gold and silver. A．central B．harmful C．valuable D．careful 10．Kangkang usually does her homework ________ it is very late at night. A．until B．when C．before D．after 11．He ________all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. A．requested B．attacked C．protected D．ignored 12．一Where is Mr. Brown? 一I think he's _____________ the music hall. A．on B．in C．over D．from 13．— Is your home close to the school, Tom? — No, it's a long way, but I am________ late for school because I get up early daily. A．always B．usually C．never D．sometimes 14．—Mum, I don’t want the trousers. They’re too long.