翻译理论与实践1（英译汉）实战练习 15篇1 翻译理论与实践1（英译汉）实战练习 15篇
1．The Policy of Mass Media
1) Life is indeed full of problems on which we have to make decisions as citizens or as private individual.2) But neither the real difficulty of these decisions nor their true and disturbing challenge to each individual can often be communicated through the mass media.3) The disinclination to suggest real choice which is to be found in the mass media is not simply the product of a commercial desire to keep the customers happy.4) The organs of the Establishment however well―intentioned they may be have a vested interest in ensuring that the public boat is not violently rocked and will so affect those who work within the mass media that they will be led insensibly towards forms of production which though they go through the motions of dispute and inquiry do not break through the skin to where such inquires might really hurt.5) They will tend to move when exposing problems well within the accepted
cliché―assumptions of democratic society and will tend neither radically to question these clichés nor to make a disturbing application of them to features of contemporary life
2. The American and the English
1) Of the intrinsic differences that separate American from English the chief have their roots in
the obvious disparity between the environment and traditions of the American people since the seventeenth century and those of the English.2) The latter have lived under a relatively stable social order and it has impressed upon their souls their characteristic respect for what is customary and of good report.3) Until the World War brought chaos to most of their institutions their whole lives were regulated perhaps more than those of any other people save the Spaniards by a regard for precedent.4) The Americans though partly of the same blood have felt no such restrain and acquired no such habit of
conformity.5) On the contrary they have plunged to the other extreme for the conditions of life in their country have put a high value upon the precisely opposite qualities of curiosity and daring and so they acquired that character of restlessness that impatience of forms that disdain of the dead hand which now broadly marks them.
3. The Education of Humanists
1)The education of humanists cannot be regarded as complete or even adequate without exposure in some depth to where things stand in the various branches of science particularly in the areas of our ignorance.2)Physics professors most of them look with revulsion on assignments to teach their subjects to poets.3) The liberal arts faculties for their parts will continue to view the scientists with suspicion and apprehension. 4) But maybe a new set of courses dealing systematically with ignorance in science will take hold.5) The scientists might discover in it a new and subversive technique for catching the attention of students driven by curiosity delighted and surprised to learn that science is exactly as some scientists described it: an “endless frontier.”6) The humanists for their part might take considerable
satisfaction in watching their scientific colleagues confess openly to not knowing everything about everyone.7) And the poets on whose shoulders the future rests might late nights thinking things over begin to see some meanings that elude the rest of us.
4. . American Study
1) The scientific interest of American history centered in national character and in the workings of a society destined to become bast in which individuals were imp0rtant chiefly as types.2) Although this kind of interest was different from that of European history it was at least as important to the world.3) Should history ever become a true science it must expect to establish its laws not from the complicated story of rival European nationalities but from the economical evolution of a great democracy.4) North America was the most favorable field on the globe for the spread of a society so large uniform and isolated as to answer the purposes of science.5) There a single homogeneous society could easily attain proportions of three or four hundred million persons under conditions of undisturbed growth.6) In Europe or Asia undisturbed social evolution had been unknown.7) Without disturbance evolution seemed to cease.8) Wherever disturbance occurred permanence was impossible.9) Every people in turn adapted itself to the law of necessity.
5. Jack London
1) Life itself led London to reject this approach in his writing.2) He knew what it meant to be one of the disinherited
to be chained to the deadening routine of the machine and to soul-destroying labor for an insufficient reward.3) Consequently he swept aside not only the literature that pretended that ours is a society of sweetness and light but also that which contended that the inculcation of the spirit of Christian fellowship would put an end to class controversy.4) He did not oppose labor organization nor balk at the strike as a weapon of labor; rather he took his heroes and heroines from the labor movement and wove his plots within their struggles.5) He poured into his writings all the pain of his life the fierce hatred of the bourgeoisie that it had produced in him and the conviction it had brought to him that world could be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise up and take the management of society out of the hands of the exploiters.
6. President Carter
1) President Carter has been calling his closest advisers together for what is called as a hard reappraisal of his administration’s troubles but who will tell him the truth? 2) You can almost put it down as a general rule in this town that presidents often invite “honest criticism” from their aides but seldom get it and usually don’t follow it when they do.3) The reasons for this are not obscure.4) The Oval Office is the most frightening room in
America.5) It imposes a kind of respect on most visitors and even those legislative lions who roar against the president on Capital Hill tend to usually lower their voices and follow their prepared speeches when they walk through the White House door.6) Few While House aides dare to say anything against the president without betraying their fears.7) Even Henry Kissinger who is not an excessively modest or silent man hesitated to face President Nixon with the disaster he knew lay ahead.
7. On “Mein Kampf”
1) Mein Kampf’s theme song recurring again and again is race race purity race supremacy though nowhere did Hitler attempt to define race.2) It was
never intended by Nature Hitler claims that all races should be equal any more than individuals are equal.3) Some are created superior to others.4) The Germans as the world’s strongest race should rule over the inferior through having the habitat of the highest race extended and scattered Germanic peoples united under one rule.6) The vast expansion visualized by Hitler would take
place principally at the expense of other races.7) To attain the objectives
set by his soaring ambition Hitler proposes three methods: propaganda
diplomacy and force. 8) Nowhere in Mein Kampf is the author more revealing of himself and his tactics than in his discussion
of propaganda techniques―correctly believed by him to be one of the Nazis’ most effective and formidable weapons.
8. How to Write Clearly
1) I have never had much patience with the writers who claim from the
reader an effort to understand their meaning.2) You have only to go to great philosophers to see that it is possible to express with lucidity the most
subtle reflections.3) One cause of obscurity is that many writers think not before but as they write.4) The pen originates the thought.5) The
disadvantages of this and indeed it is a danger against which the author must
be always on his guard is that there is a sort of magic in the written word.6) The idea acquires substance by taking on a visible nature and then stands in
the way of its own clarification.7) But this sort of obscurity merges very
easily into the willful.8) Some writers who do not think clearly are inclined
to suppose that their thoughts have a significance greater than at first sight appears.9) It is flattering to believe that they are too profound to be expressed so clearly that all who run may read and very naturally it does not occur to such writers that the fault is with their own minds which have not
the faculty of precise reis with their own minds which have not the faculty of precise reflection.
感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
第二讲 原句：I seized the largest brush and fell upon my wretched victim with wild fury. 译文：我抓起那支最大的画笔，势不可挡扑向那全无招架之力的画布。 原文：There is a definite link between smoking and lung cancer. But this doesn’t make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company. 译文：吸烟肯定与肺癌有关，但这并不能使你感到太不舒服，因为吸烟的人不止你一个。 原文：Derek fancies himself as a ladies' man, but he spends too much time admiring himself in the mirror for my liking. 译文：德里克自以为是个讨女人喜欢的人，可是我不喜欢他花那么多的时间在镜子面前自我欣赏。 He is the last man to come. He is the last man to do it. He is the last person for such a job. He should be the last (man) to blame. 原文：John can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game. 译文：约翰为人可靠，他既忠诚又正直。 Literal translation takes sentences as its basic units and the whole text into consideration at the same time in the course of translation. It strives to reproduce both the ideological content and the style of the entire literary work and retain as much as possible the figures of speech. 死译：one-to-one translation: each SL word has a corresponding TL word. 硬译：word-for-word translation: Transfers SL grammar and word order, as well as the primary meanings of all the SL words, into translation. It is normally effective only for brief simple neutral sentences. Literal translation goes beyond one-to-one translation, ranges from one word to one word, through group to group, collocation to collocation, clause to clause, to sentence to sentence. Literal translation is the basic translation procedure both in communicative and semantic translation, in that translation starts from there. ---by Newmark Liberal Translation mainly conveys the meaning and spirit of the original without trying to reproduce its sentence pattern or figures of speech. 原文：我们的朋友遍天下。 错译：Our friends are all over the world. 译文: We have friends all over the world. 单词
oilskin 油布good seats好票 fish-wife 卖鱼女table knife 餐刀 white day 吉日smell a rat怀疑 red meat牛羊肉blue coat 警察 red-cap 搬运服务人员bull’s eye靶心 mad doctor 精神病医生dogear折角 familiar talk 庸俗的交谈pull up one ’s socks鼓起勇气 husband-like善于管理农活的cock-and-bull story无稽之谈 bite the thumbs at 对...嗤之以鼻twice-told tale老掉牙的故事 divorce lawyer办理离婚案件的律师yellow book黄皮书 白菜：Chinese cabbage; 密码：password; 手机：mobile phone; 救火：to fight a fire; 大片：blockbuster; 早恋：puppy love; 青春痘：acne; 蝴蝶结：bowknot; 长镜头：zoom lens; 方便面：instant noodles; 牛仔裤：jeans; 不冻港：ice-free port; 隐形眼镜：contact lenses; 流动资金：working capital; 新闻自由：freedom of press; 买一赠一：buy one, get one free; 省吃俭用：to live frugally; 高等教育: higher education. 有喜：be pregnant 三角债：debt chains, chain debts, inter-company debts 打白条：issue IOUs 夫妻老婆店：mom-and-pop store 红茶：black tea 黄色电影：blue film (广播，电视)黄金时间：prime time 1）cannot ... too It cannot be too much emphasized that agriculture is the foundation of national economy. 应尽量强调农业是国民经济的基础。 We cannot praise Tom too much. 我们怎样称赞汤姆也不算过分。 I cannot thank you too much. 我无论怎样感谢你都是不够的。 2）never ...but ... I never see him but I want to kiss him.我每次看见他都想吻他。 It never rains but pours.不雨则已，一雨倾盆。 Justice was never done but someone complained.每一次伸张正义都会有人鸣冤叫屈。 3）nothing if not This is nothing if not a lovely teddy bear.这是个非常可爱的玩具熊。 She is nothing if not polite.她彬彬有礼。 He is nothing if not a gentleman.他是个很有教养的人。 4）too...not to… He?s too angry not to say that.他气愤之极，难免会说出那样的话。 He?s too wicked not to meet a bad end someday.他太坏了，总有一天会得到恶报的。 He?s too near for us not to see him.他近在咫尺，我们不会看不见他的。 5）not a little She was not a little surprised.她很是吃惊。 The birthday present brought me not a little happiness.生日礼物给我带来了很多快乐。 1）no more ...than ...
翻译理论与实践 I. Improve the following Translations: 25% 1. Often at the end of a hard day’s work one realizes with dismay that the meager stack of finished work one has accomplished has immeasurably slight impact on the work as a whole. 译文：往往一天辛苦工作结束时，一个人会灰心地意识到他所完成的少量的一堆工作对整个工作产生无限小的影响。 2. They left me at the gate, nor easily or lightly; and it was a strange sight to me to see the cart go on, taking Peggoty away, and leaving me under the elus tree looking at the house in which there was no face to look at me with love or likely any more. 译文：他们在大门前离开我，这也不容易的，不愉快的；看见车子载着辟果提走了，把我留在那些老榆下看那所房子，房子里再也没有一张怀着爱或欢心来看我的脸了，我觉得这是一种稀有的景象。 3．Any visitor to China is overwhelmed by the contradictions inherent in its helter-skelter (喧嚣混乱的)progress. 译文：任何到中国的人，都会被她喧嚣混乱的进步中所固有的矛盾所压倒。 4. 二十岁的时候，随时随地向人透露我的年龄，答得比问得还快。三十岁之后， 最恨别人问年龄，你要是非问不可，你猜啊。 译文：At the age of twenty, I was always ready to disclose my age on all occasions and could not wait to speak out the answer until the inquirer finished his words. After I have turned thirty, I hate any inquiry about my age. If you insist, have a guess.
翻译理论与实践（英译汉） 练习题
第一章翻译概论 复习思考题 1. “五失本”、“五不翻”的实质是什么？ 2. 严复翻译思想的核心是什么？学界对此有哪些评价？ 3. 西方传统的翻译研究路线有哪些？ 4. 试析中西传统译学理论的异同。 第二章翻译的基本理论 1. 翻译的实质是什么？ 2. 翻译初学者需掌握的翻译原则有哪些？ 3. 翻译的一般程序是什么？ 第三章翻译技巧 第一节词类转换法；第二节重复法 复习思考题 1. “直译与意译”所关注的核心与“异化、归化”关注的核心有何不同？ 2. “异化、归化”各有什么限度？ 第三节正反、反正翻译法；第四节抽象与具体转换法；第五节抽词拆译法 复习思考题 1. 教材41，45，47页练习。 第六节增词与省略法；第七节物称与人称转换法； .复习思考题 1. 教材54，61页练习。 2. 讨论文化、语言、翻译之间的关系。 3. 讨论如何确定全文主旨。 第八节形合与意合转换法；第九节视点转换法； 复习思考题
1. 教材69，73页练习。 2. 形合语言与意合语言的本质区别是什么？ 3. 讨论在翻译操作过程中，如何认识和利用语境。第四章被动语态的翻译 复习思考题 1. 教材82页练习。 2. 为何英语中被动语态使用要多于在汉语中的使用？ 3. 翻译英语被动语态的常见方法有哪些？ 4. 讨论英汉句式差别 第五章定语从句的翻译 复习思考题 1. 教材100页练习。 2. 定语成分英汉语言中的使用有何差异？ 3. 翻译英语定语从句的常见方法有哪些？ 4. 进一步讨论英汉句式差别。 第六章英语长句的翻译 第一节顺序法；第二节逆序法 复习思考题 1. 教材105，107页练习。 2. 英汉语在造句上有何不同？ 3. 如何分析、翻译英语长句？ 4. 如何确定全文主旨？ 第三节分译法；第四节综合法 复习思考题 1. 教材110，113页练习。 2. 汉语的信息传递有何规律？ 3. 如何分析、翻译英语长句？
词的选择 Ⅰ. Translate the following Chinese words and expressions into English, paying attention to the bold-faced words. 1.运动 a.运动有益身心 b.足球是我喜欢的运动 c.他在香港热心推广手球运动 d.我国每年纪念五四运动 e.人们热烈响应筹款运动 f.他们发起了一场戒烟运动 g.这属于运动神经疾病 h.技术革新运动是成功的关键 2. 着 a.她着凉了。 b.你猜着了。 c.炉子着得很旺。 d.上不着天，下部着地。 e.老李躺下就着了。 f.他有点着慌。 g.他走错了一着。 h.屋顶上全都覆盖着积雪。 i.这些孩子穿着整齐。 j.再着一把力。 k.我们着眼于未来。 l.他们正在着手制定计划。 3. 馆 博物馆、图书馆、旅馆、宾馆、大使馆、领事馆、茶馆、饭馆、理发馆、体育馆、展览馆、文化馆、美术馆、科技馆、天文馆、照相馆 4. 学习 a. 学习知识 b. 学习技术 c. 学习外语 d. 学习成绩 e. 学习别人的长处 f. 互相学习 g. 学习雷锋的榜样 5. 送 a. 送某人一本书 b. 送礼 c. 送信
d. 送客 e. 送行 f. 送雨伞 g. 送命 h. 送孩子上学 i. 送某人回家 j. 将卫星送上天 k. 送葬 l. 送罪犯上法庭审判 key: 1.运动 a.Exercise is good for health. b.Football is my favorite sport. c.He is a keen promoter of handball in Hong kong. d.The May Fourth Movement is commemorated in our country every year. e.There was great enthusiasm for the donation drive. f.They started a campaign to stop people smokin g. g.This belongs to motor nerve disease. h.Technological renovation is a key to the success. 2. 着 a.She was caught cold. b.You’ve guessed right. c.The fire is burning briskly in the stove. d.Be suspended in mid air. https://www.doczj.com/doc/e719010406.html,o Li fell asleep as soon as he lay down. f.He got alarmed. g.He has made a false move. h.The roofs are all covered with snow. i.These children are all neatly dressed. j.Make one more effort. k.We have our eyes on the future. l.The are starting drawing up the plan. 3. 馆 museum, library, hotel, guest house, embassy, consulate, tea house, restaurant, barbar’s shop, gymnasium, exhibition hall, cultural center, art gallery, science and technology center, planetarium, photo studio 4. 学习 a. acquire knowledge b. master a skill c. study a foreign language d. academic records
翻译理论与实践1（英译汉）实战练习15篇 1．The Policy of Mass Media 1) Life is indeed full of problems on which we have to make decisions as citizens or as private individual.2) But neither the real difficulty of these decisions nor their true and disturbing challenge to each individual can often be communicated through the mass media.3) The disinclination to suggest real choice which is to be found in the mass media is not simply the product of a commercial desire to keep the customers happy.4) The organs of the Establishment however well—intentioned they may be have a vested interest in ensuring that the public boat is not violently rocked and will so affect those who work within the mass media that they will be led insensibly towards forms of production which though they go through the motions of dispute and inquiry do not break through the skin to where such inquires might really hurt.5) They will tend to move when exposing problems well within the accepted cliché—assumptions of democratic society and will tend neither radically to question these clichés nor to make a disturbing application of them to features of contemporary life 2. The American and the English 1) Of the intrinsic differences that separate American from English the chief have their roots in
一、英译汉翻译练习 1. Pressure of work has somewhat delayed my answer. 2. Another hour’s ride will bring us to the village. 3. Fast modern air planes have made the world seem a smaller space. 4. Lower temperature is associated with lower growth rates. 5. It is common knowledge that weight is a pull exerted on an object by the earth. 6. He was a tall, thin, elegant man with the air of thoroughbred. 7. Their power increased with their number. 8. About 1840, a canal was constructed across the meadows of the Marsh Farm. 9. From the moment they set foot on the territory of their motherland, they were warmly received by their compatriots. 10. Cheerful, efficient and warm-hearted, they will do everything to make you journey smooth and comfortable.
翻译理论与实践 英译汉常用的方法和技巧:(6) 反译法/正说反译、反说正译法(Negation) 1. The certificate is invalid, if not under the steel seal. 本证书加盖钢印方能生效。 2. They didn’t stop talking until they fell asleep. 他们一直谈到入睡。 3. I shall not fail to help you when necessary. 必要时我一定帮助你。 4. He left home before he had his breakfast. 他没吃早饭就出去了。 5. He is a failure as a teacher. 他教书不行。 6. 凡事皆有可能。 Nothing is impossible. 7. 是不为也, 非不能也。 You could, if you would. 英语、汉语中都有从正面或反面来表达一种概念的现象。 也就是说，人们在叙述同一事物或表达同一思想时，可以正说，也可以反说。汉语如此，英语也如此。 我们不否认我们工作中有缺点。 我们承认我们工作中有缺点。 We admit that we have some shortcomings in our work. We do not deny that we have some shortcomings in our work. 这里所谓正面表达和反面表达，主要是指英语中是否用“no, not, never”或“de-, dis-, non-, im-, in-, un-, -less”等否定性词缀的词；汉语中是否用“不、非、无、没、未、否、别、休、甭、孬、莫、勿、毋”等否定意义的字。含这些成分的为反说，不含的为正说。 但是，由于语言习惯不同, 英汉两种语言在正说与反说方面也常常不同。 因此, 在翻译实践中, 原文中正说的词句有时不得不处理成反说; 原文中反说的词句有时不得不处理成正说。 例如： 当心油漆未干! Take care, the paint is not dry! × Beware of wet paint! √ Just make yourself at home.不要客气 反译法(Negation) Negation 在语法与翻译两个不同的学科中含义不同。 Negation作为一种翻译技巧，是指在翻译实践中，为了使译文忠实表达原文的同时又合乎语言表达习惯，有时必须把原文中的正说处理成译文中的反说，或把原文中的反说处理成译文中的正说。 而语法中的negation则指“否定”，含完全否定，部分否定，双重否定等。 用反译法有时可以更明确地表达原文含义，或加强语气从而获得更好的修辞效果，但并不是说反译一定比正译好。如果正译﹑反译都能较好表达原文，则应尽量采用正译，使译文
翻译理论与实践试题 一、选择题（在四个选项中选择一个正确答案）：20% 1. 中国古代佛经翻译家------提出了“既须求真，又须喻俗”的翻译思想。 A. 鸠摩罗什 B. 玄奘 C．安世高D。释道安 2. 严复说的“一名之立，旬月踟躇”是指---------------------。 A. 翻译一部书要化一个月时间作准备 B 翻译一个术语往往要考虑很久 C.只有化苦功才能翻译成一部名著 D.书名的翻译颇费思量 3..下列四句，----句的表述是不正确的。 A. 鲁迅提出过“宁信而不顺”的翻译观点。 B. 马建忠主张“善译”的翻译标准。 C. 钱钟书认为文学翻译的最高标准是“化”。 D. 傅雷认为文学翻译的最高境界是“形似”。 4.下列四位翻译家中，英译《红楼梦》的是------。 A. 林语堂 B. 杨宪益 C. 杨必 D. 鲁迅 5.英国语言学家M.A.K.Halliday提出的构成语境三要素中，fields of discourse指---------------------------。 A. 交际内容 B. 交际方式 C. 交际风格 D. 交际地点 6. 多用被动语态是----------的一个比较明显的语法特点。 A. 广告英语 B. 科技英语 C. 新闻英语 D. 法律英语 7. “意译”是指译文从意义出发，要求将原文的意义正确表达出来，不必拘泥于------的形式。 A.词句 B. 词句和比喻 C. 各种修辞手段 D. 词、句、以及各种修辞手段 8.. ------翻译了莎士比亚的全部戏剧作品。 A. 朱生豪 B. 卞之琳 C. 梁实秋 D. 林语堂 9. fast, firm, secure三个同义词中，firm的正规程度介于前后两者之间，由此可以判定，它最有可能源自------。 A. 法语 B. 拉丁语 C.盎格鲁-撒克逊语 D. 德语 10. 下列四种“语体”中，--------的语言最为正规。 A. 广告英语 B. 法律英语 C. 新闻英语 D. 科技英语 二、问答题：30% 1. 为什么严复要在他的翻译标准中加上一个“雅”字？你认为现在我们应该怎样理解 这个“雅”字？
词的省略 Ⅰ. Put the following sentences into English, using the technique of omission. 1.他一开口总是三句话不离本行。 2.每条河流都有上游、中游、下游。 3.他把事情一五一十地都给父母讲了。 4.人们利用科学去了解自然，改造自然。 5.我们必须培养分析问题解决问题的能力。 6.这些新型汽车速度快，效率高，行动灵活。 7.多年来那个国家一直存在严重的失业现象。 8.新老干部要互相学习，互相帮助，取长补短。 9.中国人民历来是勇于探索，勇于创造，勇于革命的。 10.生也好，死也好，我们要忠于党，忠于人民，忠于祖国。 11.我昨天没有进城，一来是因为天气不好，二来是我不舒服。 12.独立自主，自力更生，无论过去、现在和将来，都是我们的立足点。 Key: 1. He can hardly open his mouth without talking shop. 化简句子，将“三句话不离本行”替换为英语成语。 2.Every river has its upper, middle and lower reaches. 省略名词“上游、中游、下游”中 的重复。 3.He told his parents the whole story exactly as it had happened. 省略过细的描述“一五 一十”。 4.People use science to understand and change nature. 省略动宾结构“了解自然，改造 自然”中的重复。 5.We must cultivate the ability to analyze and solve problems. 省略动宾结构“分析问题 解决问题”中的重复。 6.These new cars are fast, efficient and handy. 省略名词“速度”、“行动”。 7.For many years there has been serious unemployment in that country. 省略冗余的名词 “现象”。 8.Old and new cadres should learn from and help each other, to make up for each other’s deficiencies. 省略动词短语“互相学习，互相帮助”中的重复。 9.The people of China have always been courageous enough to probe into things, to make inventions and to make revolution. 省略重复性动词“勇于”。 10.Live or die, we should be loyal to our Party, to our people and to our motherland. 省略 语气词语“也好”，动词“忠于”。 11.I didn’t go to town yesterday both because of the nasty weather and the fact that I was not feeling myself. 省略序数词语“一来是……，二来是……”。 12.Independence and self-reliance have always been and will always be our basic stand. 省 略时间状语“过去、现在和将来”，改换成英语的相应时态。 Ⅱ. Put the following sentences into English, using the technique of omission. 1．青年人的觉悟程度如何，道德品质如何，知识水平如何，直接关系社会主义建设的速度，关系着祖国的未来。 2．在我们系，王先生教修辞学，李先生教语言学，黄先生教翻译课。 3．对于国民经济各方面的情况，必须进一步考虑。
内蒙古医学院 2009级英语专业第三学年第五学期 翻译理论与实践（英译汉）模拟试题 2011年12月 （试题册） Section A Multiple Choice Questions (10 points) Section B Translation Improvement (10 points) Section C Translation of Phrases (10 points) Section D Translation of Sentences (10 points) Section E Translation of Paragraph (10 points) Section F Translation of Text (20 points) Section A Multiple Choice Questions (5×2=10 points) I. Directions: Choose the best answer from the choices marked A,B,C or D. 1. The translation process generally includes the following except __________. A. understanding B. revision C. transition D. expression 2. The translation levels generally cover the following except__________. A. text B. clusters of phrases C.word D.sentence 3. The translator should always avoid such two problems in expression as__________. A. over-statement & under-statement B. over-presentation & under- presentation C. over-revision & under-revision D. over-understanding & under-understanding 4. Translation skills include the following except__________. A. expression. B. annotation C. amplification D. adaptation 5. The following words are onomatopoeic words except__________. A. Smile B. giggle C. whiz D. murmur Section B Translation Improvement (5×2=10 points) Directions: Each of the following Chinese translations has one or two inadequacies. Improve the given translations by making minor changes Example: 原文：This thesis leaves much to be desired. 译文：这篇文章有很多地方让人喜欢。 改译：这篇文章有很多地方有待完善。 6．原文：With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood..
长句的处理 Ⅰ. Put the following long sentences into English, paying attention to their structures. 1．我厂生产的112升和145升电冰箱，造型美观，质量可靠，噪音小，耗电少，使用方便安全。 2．当前我们迫切需要有一个装备优良、人员齐备、按照安全保护原则、本着一丝不苟的精神建立起来的先进核能实验室。 3．本厂已有35年生产丝绸服装的历史，其产品远销全球50多个国家和地区。完全真丝，质量上乘，做工精细，款式新颖，光滑柔和，耐洗耐晒，永不褪色，舒适高雅，女士必备。如欲购买，尽快联系。 4．本厂产品质量稳定可靠，深受用户欢迎。从1979年以来，获纺织部和省市奖的产品共达84种。我们将遵循“质量第一”、“用户至上”的原则，热忱地为用户服务。 5．知识分子是工人阶级中掌握科学文化知识较多的一部分，在改革开放和现代化建设中有着特殊重要的作用。能不能充分发挥广大知识分子的才能，很大程度上决定着我们民族的盛衰和现代化建设的进程。 6．历史业也已证明，人类对资源的认识、开发和利用的，以及制造生产工具利用资源的能力，是社会生产力发展水平的重要标志，也在一定的程度上决定了一定的社会基本结构和发展形态。 7．信息技术是在微电子、计算机和现代通讯技术基础上发展起来的一门高科技，具有信息采集、传输、处理和信息服务等一系列功能。现今已能在一片8英寸的芯片上集成5亿个电子元件，其宽度仅为0.2503微米；微机的信息处理速度已达每秒近亿次以上；计算机虚拟技术将大大拓宽信息技术应用的范围。 8．提高我国的科技水平，必须坚持独立自主、自力更生的方针。但是，独立自主不是闭关自守，自力更生不是盲目排外。科学技术是人类共同创造的财富。我们不仅因为今天科技落后才需要向外股学习，即使我们的科学技术赶上了世界先进水平，也还要学习人家的长处。 Key: 1.将“造型美观，质量可靠，噪音小，耗电少，使用方便安全”用一个主谓结构译出。The refrigerators of 122 and 145liters manufactured by our plant are noted for their graceful styles, reliable quality, low noise, low power consumption, easy operation and safety. 2．将“装备优良、人员齐备、按照安全保护原则、本着一丝不苟的精神建立起来的先进核能实验室”分成两部分来翻译。A well-equipped and well-manned nuclear-energy lab is badly needed at present. Such a lab, of course, must be advanced in technology and built in accordance with the principle of security and protection as well as in the spirit of meticulous discretion. 3．将一个句子划分成五句逐句翻译。We have been in the silk garment trade for 35 years. The products find a ready market in 50 countries and regions. They are made of high quality pure silk, soft and smooth, an easy fit in the latest style. Fast to washing and sunlight, the silk garment is a must for ladies of good taste. Send today for more information. (contact us for details) 4．将“本厂产品质量稳定可靠，深受用户欢迎”译作揖个主谓结构。用被动语态翻译“获纺织部和省市奖的产品共达84种”。将“质量第一”、“用户至上”译作状语。Our product has a stable and reliable quality and is widely accepted by customers. Of all the products produced by the mill, 84 sorts have been awarded prizes of various kinds by the Ministry of Textile Industry, the province and the municipality respectively since 1979. Strictly adhering to the principle of “Quality First” and “Customer First”, we will offer best service to our customers. 5．将前一句分译作两个独立句，后一句添加主语we。Intellectuals are members of the working
一．翻译部分 （汉译英部分） 1. Numerous scientific studies conducted since 1939 have indicated that smoking is very harmful to health. Legislation is badly needed to ban all advertising of tobacco products as it persuades people to smoke more and so is in a large part responsible for people with deteriorating health or those who died of lung cancer. 2. China’s entry into World Trade Organization (WTO. will not have a radical impact on the State enterprises despite the distressing predictions of some economists. The International Financial News said in a commentary the negative effects of entering WTO would be limited while there would be substantial benefits for the state enterprises, such as the introduction of more foreign technology. 3. Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900 to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning. 4. It is of great importance to be well-informed in the modern world. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. At the same time, failure in policy-making often results from the lack of necessary information. Therefore, we call the current era “the information will play an increasingly important part in future society. Without information we would act like the blind and could make no further step forward.. 5. The well-educated university students are a treasure to any country. It is a pity that the brain drain of the talented has caused some difficulties in the development of industries in many developing countries. In these countries, engineers, scientists, managers and other professionals are badly needed. They are needed to develop the industry and economy there. 6. China will develop its economy further and open itself still wider to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises. Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have vigorously undertaken Ecotech with overseas enterprises and scored tremendous achievements. While helping Chinese enterprises develop, overseas enterprises have also benefited from it, hence mutual benefit and all-win. The Chinese Government stands ready to continue to offer facilities and necessary conditions for closer cooperation between Chinese enterprises and their overseas counterparts. 7. As specialists (experts. predict, in the near future, water will become a restriction (conditioned.