枣庄二中英语组曹久锋
Module3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication
Grammar
Adverbial clause of condition and concession
Adverbial clause of condition and concession
学习目标：
学习目标：
熟记引导条件状语从句与让步状语从句的连词并能在语境中正确使用
《If I let you go》
Can you catch the lyrics?
But if I let you go, I will never know what my life would be, holding you close to me。
表“条件”的连词：
Adverbial clause of condition？
①If he isnot in the office, he must be out for lunch.
②You may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean.
③Send me a message in case you have any difficulty.
④You could go swimming on condition that(=if) youdidn’t go too far away from the river bank.
⑤You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard.
自学任务一：观察下列例句，明确引导词的词义并总结其时态的使用。Summary
定义：
条件状语从句的考点：
1）引导条件状语从句的连词: If, unless, so/as long as, on condition that, suppose, supposing, providing (that), provided
(that)... ...
2) 时态：在条件状语从句中，从句的谓语动词通常要用一般现在时
或一般过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。。
条件状语从句是表示主句动作发生的前提或条件的从句。
当堂达标(走进高考）：
1.The little boy won’t go to sleep ____ his mother tells him a
story.
A. or
B. unless
C. but
D. whether
2. I took my driving license with me on holiday, _____ I wanted
to hire a car.
A. in case
B. even if
C. ever since
D. if only
3. You can borrow my car _____ you promise not to drive too
fast.
A. unless
B. even if
C. in case
D. as long as
4. The meeting ______ go ahead unless you _____soon.
. A. don’t , coming B. didn’t , came C. shall , will come D.
won’t , come
5. ______ we have enough evidence , we can’t win the case.
A. Once
B. As long as
C. Unless
D. Since
BADDC
讨论：
连词as，though，although引导让步状语从句时的用法区别。
————引导的让步状语从句，从句要用倒装语序。
————引导让步状语从句时，从句可倒装，也可不倒装。
————引导让步状语从句时，从句不倒装。
Young as he is , he knows a lot.
= Young though he is, he knows a lot.
= Though he is young, he knows a lot.
= Although he is young , he knows a lot.
as
though
although
疑难突破：观察下列句子，总结as
as 引导让步状语从句时的部分倒装结构句型的构成。
1. Smart as he was, he was not able tosolve the problem.
2. Hard as he tried, he could not makegreat progress in math.
3. Child as he is, he knows a lot.
4. Try as he might , he didn’t pass the exam.
句型总结：形容词/名词/副词/动词原形+as +主语+谓语。
单数可数名词提前时，去掉冠词。
2. however,whatever,whenever,whoever等引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter how,what,when,who...(无论怎样/什么/何时/谁......)
(1).He keeps taking physical training in winter no matter how（however) cold it is.
(2).Whatever (no matter what) work we do, we should do our best.
(1). You can take away whatever you like.
(2).Whoever breaks the law will certainly be punished.
3. however
引导的让步状语从句：
(1). However rich you are, you shouldn’t waste money.
(2). However hard she tried , nothing seemed to work.
However 常修饰形容词或副词，从句的结构为however +形容词/副词+ 其它成分。
当堂达标：
一.选词填空:
if, although, though, unless, even if, whatever,
whoever, whenever, as long as, however, as,
1.You will fail the exam _______ you study hard.
2.________ you don’t lose your heart, you’ll succeed.
3.__________you say, he won’t believe you.
4.He is unhappy, _________he has a lot of money
5.Much __________ I like it, I won’t buy it, for it is too expensive
6.__________hard he tried, nothing seemed to work
unless
unless
If
If
Whatever
Whatever
though
though
as/though
as/though
However
However
二
. Multiple Choice
1.In the global economy , a new drug for cancer , —— it is
discovered , will create many economic possibilities around
the world.
A. whatever
B. whoever
C. wherever
D. whichever
2. One can always manage to do more things ,no matter
____ full one’s schedule is in life.
A. how
B. what
C. when
D. where
3.They promised to develop a software package by the
end of this year , _____they might have.
A. however difficult
B. how difficult
C. whatever difficulty
D. what difficulty.
4.——, I couldn’t get the car to start on such a cold morning.
A. Try as I might
B. As I might try
C. I might as try
D. Might I as try
AcCA
三.语法与写作：
__1__(尽管我上学期考试不及格), I don’t lose heart .__2__(只要本学期我更加努力学习), I believe I’m able to catch up with myclassmate.__3__(无论困难多大). I will never give up. This afternoon, my best friend , Li Hua came to see me. He told me __4__(如果我功课上有困难), he could help me. I thanked him a lot and promised him I would.
Keys:
1. Although I failed in the exam last term.
2. As long as I work harder this term.
3. However great the difficulty is.
4. If I had difficulties with my lesson.
Homework
完成自主学习丛书第129页“课后作业”部分。
二：课标分析
课标解读：普通高中英语课程标准规定的8级目标对语法要求作了如下的要求：
1.进一步掌握表述时间、地点、方位的表达方式；
2. 进一步理解、掌握比较人、物体及事物的表达方式
3. 使用适当的语言形式进行描述和表达观点、态度、情感等；
4. 学习、掌握基本语篇知识，并根据特定目的有效地组织信息。因此语法教学是英语教学中不可缺少的一部分，这就要求我们英语教师要在有限的课堂内采用一定的教学方法讲解语言材料来学习，学生面临的环境没有英语的习惯也没有英语的文化氛围。在没有适当的语言环境条件下，学生无法直觉较好的感知和运用英语，所以如果学生不掌握英语的基本语法规则，就只能学会最基本的简单会话和一些词汇，很难达到深层次的理解语言和运用语言；另外，通过掌握必要的语法知识，把握英语的基本结构，不仅可以提高学生理解语言的层次和深度，而且可以使学生们认识到母语与英语在语法规则方面的区别，逐步提高用英语进行交际的能力。
三：教材分析
教材分析：本模块题材内容为身势语和非语言交际，并引入了与此有关的词汇，要求学生了解上述内容上述内容并掌握有关的词汇、培养有关的语言技能。本模块复习的语法是条件状语从句和让步状语从句，教师应设法帮助学生懂得条件状语从句和让步状语从句的特点并要求学生熟记引导条件状语从句和让步状语从句的连词并知晓各个连词的意思，然后在组织联系巩固
四．学情分析
学期分析：条件状语从句与让步状语从句时状语从句的一个重要组成部分，是对初中状语从句语法知识的一个复习，学生在初中阶段对状语从句已经有了较为系统的学习，已经掌握了训练状语从句必备的知识与技能。这就为高中学生复习状语从句打下了良好的基础，状语从句是一个相对较为简单的语法项目，易学易懂，容易激发起学生学习的兴趣，而这节课开展教学的学生相对程度较好，因此老师需要做的就是搞好教学设计，激发学生的探知与展现的欲望，引导他们按照自己的思路一步一步的回归总结条件状语从句与让步状语从句的连词、连词的词义及使用特点，总结归纳这两种从句的疑难问题，通过适当的练习，使他们对于连词的使用，从句的特点能够了然于胸，举一反三。
五．教学设计：
课标解读：
普通高中英语课程标准规定的8级目标对语法要求作了如下的要求：
1.进一步掌握表述时间、地点、方位的表达方式；
2. 进一步理解、掌握比较人、物体及事物的表达方式
3. 使用适当的语言形式进行描述和表达观点、态度、情感等；
4. 学习、掌握基本语篇知识，并根据特定目的有效地组织信息。因此语法教学是英语教学中不可缺少的一部分，这就要求我们英语教师要在有限的课堂内采用一定的教学方法讲解语言材料来学习，学生面临的环境没有英语的习惯也没有英语的文化氛围。在没有适当的语言环境条件下，学生无法直觉较好的感知和运用英语，所以如果学生不掌握英语的基本语法规则，就只能学会最基本的简单会话和一些词汇，很难达到深层次的理解语言和运用语言；另外，通过掌握必要的语法知识，把握英语的基本结构，不仅可以提高学生理解语言的层次和深度，而且可以使学生们认识到母语与英语在语法规则方面的区别，逐步提高用英语进行交际的能力。
学期分析：条件状语从句与让步状语从句时状语从句的一个重要组成部分，是对初中状语从句语法知识的一个复习，学生在初中阶段对状语从句已经有了较为系统的学习，已经掌握了训练状语从句必备的知识与技能。这就为高中学生复习状语从句打下了良好的基础，状语从句是一个相对较为简单的语法项目，易学易懂，容易激发起学生学习的兴趣，而这节课开展教学的学生相对程度较好，因此老师需要做的就是搞好教学设计，激发学生的探知与展现的欲望，引导他们按照自己的思路一步一步的回归总结条件状语从句与让步状语从句的连词、连词的词义及使用特点，总结归纳这两种从句的疑难问题，通过适当的练习，使他们对于连词的使用，从句的特点能够了然于胸，举一反三。
教材分析：本模块题材内容为身势语和非语言交际，并引入了与此有关的词汇，要求学生了解上述内容上述内容并掌握有关的词汇、培养有关的语言技能。本模块复习的语法是条件状语从句和让步状语从句，教师应设法帮助学生懂得条件状语从句和让步状语从句的特点，并要求学生熟记引导条件状语从句和让步状语从句的连词并知晓各个连词的意思，然后在组织联系巩固。
效果分析：
首先，本节课的设计遵循了指导____自主学习的原则，体现了学生为主导，循序渐进的原则，首先用一首歌“if I let you go ”作为导入，这首歌中包含了大量的if引导的条件状语从句，学生在欣赏优美的歌曲旋律的同时，渗透了条件状语从句，为条件状语从句的复习作了热身，通过语句体验，发现规律，总结规律，完善自己的知识体系。注重了学生的探究学习与合作学习，学会动脑，发现总结，从而形成对条件状语从句与让步状语从句的全面系统的知识建构，最后当堂达标，检测效果，查漏补缺，巩固提高，学生的参与热情高涨，教学效果较好初步达成了教学目的。
课后反思：语法教学，在英语课堂中是个难点，学生对于专属的语法习语和
术语，不了解。因此用英语语言进行语法教学对学生来讲是个挑战，我在讲解的过程中有意放慢了语速，大部分学生还是能够接受并理解的，其余的学生通过小组讨论，合作互学也基本的掌握了条件状语从句与让步状语从句的引导词及其使用特点，对于几个基础较差的同学我额外抽出时间对他们进行指点，祥加说明也同样达到了复习的目的
六：评测练习：
山东省枣庄二中
2014级高一英语教学案
课题
Module3 Body Language and Non-verbal
Communication
(Grammar)
目标导学
熟记引导条件状语从句与让步状语从句的连词并能在语境中正确使用
重点难点
熟记引导条件状语从句与让步状语从句的连词并能在语境中正确使用
阅读记录
自学质疑学案
请记录你的疑惑点或自学障碍
Step 1
目标导学：请阅读上栏的“目标导学”，明确本节课要掌握的学习内容及要求。Step 2 Leading-in
Enjoy a beautiful song
—《If I Let You Go》by Westlife（西域男孩）, and translate the following lyrics. But if I let you go, I will never know
What my life would be, holding you close to me
表“条件”的连词：？
Step 3
自学任务一：条件状语从句
自学指导：认真阅读下列句子，归纳条件状语从句的用法（丛书127页）
①If heis not in the office, he must be out for lunch.
②You may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean.
③Send me a message in case you have any difficulty.
④You can go swimming on condition that(=if) you don’t go too far away from the river bank.
⑤You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard.
总结：
定义：
条件状语从句的考点：
.表“条件”的连词：
_________________________________________________
_
__________________________________________________
2)
条件状语从句的谓语动词通常要用
_____________或________________代替一般将来时或过去将来时。
当堂达标
(走进高考）：
1.The little boy won’t go to sleep ____ his mother tells him a story.
A. or
B. unless
C. but
D. whether
2. I took my driving license with me on holiday, _____ I wanted to hire a car.
A. in case
B. even if
C. ever since
D. if only
3. You can borrow my car _____ you promise not to drive too fast.
A. unless
B. even if
C. in case
D. as long as
4. The meeting ______ go ahead unless you _____soon.
. A. don’t , coming B. didn’t , came C. shall , will come D. won’t , come
5. ______ we have enough evidence , we can’t win the case.
A. Once
B. As long as
C. Unless
D. Since
Step 4
自学任务二：让步状语从句
（丛书128页）
自学指导：研读下列句子，体会其中连词的应用
1Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
2Child as he is, he knows a lot.
3Whatever(=No matter what) you say, I’ll never change my mind. 4Even ifI fail again, I will not give up the experiment.
总结：
1）让步状语从句表示“__________________________________”等意思。2）引导词有
________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________ _____
讨论：连词
as，though，although
引导让步状语从句时的用法区别。
_____引导的让步状语从句，从句要用倒装语序。
______引导让步状语从句时，从句可倒装，也可不倒装。
______引导让步状语从句时，从句不倒装。
Young as he is , he knows a lot.
= Young though he is, he knows a lot.
= Though he is young, he knows a lot.
= Although he is young , he knows a lot.
Step 5
疑难突破
自学指导：观察下列句子，总结
as 引导让步状语从句时的部分倒装结构句型。
1）Smart as he was, he was not able to solve the problem.
2）Hard as he tried, he could not make great progress in math.
3）Child as he is, he knows a lot.
4）Try as he might , he didn’t pass the exam.
句型总结：
_____________________________+as+主语+谓语
2. however,whatever,whenever,whoever等引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter how,what,when,who...(无论怎样/什么/何时/谁......)
1) He keeps taking physical training in winter no matter how(however) cold it is.
Whatever(no matter what) work we do, we should do our best.
比较：下列句子是否是让步状语从句，能否用
no matter +wh从句替换。
1.You can take away whatever you like.
2.Whoever breaks the law will certainly be punished.
3. however
引导的让步状语从句：
(1). However rich you are, you shouldn’t waste money.
(2). However hard she tried , nothing seemed to work.
句型总结：
However的用法
_____________________________________________
Step 6
合作互学
1.小组内分享“自学任务一、二”中的语法归纳
2.小组内合作讨论“疑难突破”中的疑问，归纳总结as的倒装句型。
Step 7
媒体助学：对上面自学任务，如有疑问，请参阅PPT
Step 8 训练展示
选词填空
if, although, though, unless, even if, whatever, whoever,
whenever,
as long as, however, as,
1.You will fail the exam _______ you study hard.
2.________ you don’t lose your heart, you’ll succeed.
3.__________you say, he won’t believe you.
4.He is unhappy, _________he has a lot of money
5.Much __________ I like it, I won’t buy it, for it is too expensive
6.__________hard he tried, nothing seemed to work
二. Multiple Choice
1.In the global economy , a new drug for cancer , —— it is
discovered , will create many economic possibilities around
the world.
A. whatever
B. whoever
C. wherever
D. whichever
2. One can always manage to do more things ,no matter
____ full one’s schedule is in life.
A. how
B. what
C. when
D. where
3.They promised to develop a software package by the
end of this year , _____they might have.
A. however difficult
B. how difficult
C. whatever difficulty
D. what difficulty.
4_______, I couldn’t get the car to start on such a cold morning.
A. Try as I might
B. As I might try
C. I might as try
D. Might I as try
二语法与写作：
__1__(尽管我上学期考试不及格), I don’t lose heart .__2__(只要本学期我更加努力学习), I believe I’m able to catch up with myclassmate.__3__(无论困难多大). I will never give up. This afternoon, my best friend , Li Hua came to see me. He told me __4__(如果我功课上有困难), he could help me. I thanked him a lot and promised him I would.
请把答案写在下面：
1____________________________________________________________.
2.____________________________________________________________
3.____________________________________________________________
4.____________________________________________________________ Homework
完成自主学习丛书第129页“课后作业”部分。
Step 9
评价点拨
根据学生掌握情况，教师适时点拨。
Step 10
总结反思：
通过本节课的学习，我是否掌握了引导条件状语从句与让步状语从句的连词，请把自己的体会写在下面
七．效果分析
效果分析：首先，本节课的设计遵循了指导_自主学习的原则，体现了学生为主导，循序渐进的原则，首先用一首歌“if I let you go ”作为导入，这首歌中包含了大量的if引导的条件状语从句，学生在欣赏优美的歌曲旋律的同时，渗透了条件状语从句，为条件状语从句的复习作了热身，通过语句体验，发现规律，总结规律，完善自己的知识体系。注重了学生的探究学习与合作学习，学会动脑，发现总结，从而形成对条件状语从句与让步状语从句的全面系统的知识建构，最后当堂达标，检测效果，查漏补缺，巩固提高，学生的参与热情高涨，教学效果较好，初步达成了教学目的。
八．观评记录：
观课记录
英语语法
执教教师
曹久锋
教学内容
语法：条件让步状语从句
在本节课中，以教学案的使用为依托，发挥学生的主动性，积极调动学生进行自学、互学
在合作探究中，以微视频为参考，学生积极进行自学互学，在其中学生体会到了成功的喜悦，
在学生实践的环节中，学生能完成教学案所设任务，教师在学生探究之后的点拨及时到位，并
对出现的问题做了详细的指点，本节课学生收获了知识和技能，感受到了收获的喜悦，提高了
对条件状语从句与让步状语从句的处理能力
。
教研组评价
优点：
1教学案制作合理，自学部分有针对性，使用得当。
2自主学习充分，学生学习积极性高，教学微视频应用效果好。
3教师备课充分，环节设计清晰流畅。
不足：
1对学生点拨引导需再深入。
2注意培养学生分析解决问题的能力和创新精神。
九：课后反思
课后反思：语法教学，在英语课堂中是个难点，学生对于专属的语法习语和术语，不了解。
因此用英语语言进行语法教学对学生来讲是个挑战，我在讲解的过程中有意放慢了语速，大部分学生还是能够接受并理解的，其余的学生通过小组讨论，合作互学也基本的掌握了条件状语从句与让步状语从句的引导词及其使用特点，对于几个基础较差的同学我额外抽出时间对他们进行指点，祥加说明，也同样达到了复习的目的。
（一）状语从句概述 定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。 位置状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用 逗号和主句隔开。 分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。 作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。 （二）状语从句详解 1. 时间状语从句 引导词用法示例 when 意为“当…的时候”。When 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性动词，也可以是 瞬间动词。并且when有 时表示“就在那时”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者讲真话时也没有人相信。When he arrives, I’ll call you. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. while 意为“在…的时候，在…的 同时”。While引导从句的 谓语动词必须是延续性While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.
的，发生时间较长，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。While 有时还可以表示对比。While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. as 意为“一边…一边…”。As 引导的动作是延续性的， 发生时间较短，一般用于 主句和从句动作同时发 生；as也可以强调一前一 后。The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because someone had invaded his “space”. He smiled as he stood up. after 意为“在…之后”。表示主句 动作发生在从句动作之 后。主句与从句的动作时 间关系与before引导的从 句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, don’t stay too long at your table after you have finished. If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over. before 意为“在…之前”。引导的从 句不用否定形式的谓语， 并且当before引导的从句 位于主句之后，有时译成 “就，才”。当主句用将来时，You can’t watch TV before you finish your homework. Before it ended, the theatre was almost empty. My father had left for Canada
条件状从和让步状从练习 一．单选题 1._______ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. A. As B. When C. Even though D. In case 2. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ______ regularly, can improve our health. A. being carried out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 3. You will never gain success you are fully devoted to your work. A. when B. because C. after D. unless 4. It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties_________ it gets more financial support from the European Union. A. if B. unless C. because D. since 5. It was a nice meal, _______a little expensive. A. though B. whether C. as D. since 6. I don’t really like the author,_______ I have to admit his books are very exciting. A. although B. unless C. until D. once 7. I don't believe we've met before, _____ I must say you do look familiar. A. therefore B. although C. since D. unless 8. You can’t borrow books from the school library ______ you get your student card. A. unless B. if C. while D. as 9. I'll be out for some time. ______ anything important happens, call me up immediately. A. In case B. As if C. Even though D. Now that 10. One's life has value ____one brings value to the life of others. A. so that B. no matter how C. as long as D. except that 二．填空题 11. In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, ______ it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world. 12. One can always manage to do more things, ____ full one’s schedule is in life. 13.________ great difficulties we are faced with, we’ll never give up. 14. ________ great the difficulties are, we’ll never give up. 15. ______ we have enough evidence, we can't win the case. 16. If _____ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once. (ask) 17.____________ the weather is like tomorrow, I will set out for Hongkong. 18. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice ___________ they know it to be valuable. 19. Much ______ I admire David as a poet, I don’t like him as a man. 20. In time of serious accidents, ______ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. 三．改错题 21、It won’t matter even he refuses. 22. Though the work was difficult, but we managed to finish it in time. 23. I’m not going to talk on the point any further, though it is neither important nor very interesting. 24. You will be late if you leave immediately. 25. Take an umbrella with you in case of it should rain.
状语从句归纳总结：（as用法） 一、时间状语从句： 1、连接词when、while、as ⑴when ①正当…时候be about to …ving… ②从句动词先于或后于主语动作 ⑵while: 可表示对比（从句只用连续性动词） ⑶as: “一边一边”“随着” 省略句中: eg: As time goes on…随着时间的推移 As a boy,hewao hopeless at English. 2、before,after before常用句型:It is/was/will be…before eg: It will be 5 years before we meet again. 3、till，until ①用于肯定句中“直到…为止”，主句谓语为持续性动词 ②用于否定句中“直到…才”，主句谓语为短暂性动词（until,till可用before代替） ③Not until位于句首倒装 ④强调句型只用until 二、地点状语从句:where,wherever,everywhere 也可引导定语从句： 状语从句：We shall go where the condition are poor. 定语从句：We shall go the place where the condition are poor. 三、原因状语从句 1、because\since\as ⑴①用why提问 ②强调句中 ③关联词“not…but” ④与“just”等副词连用eg:You shouldn’t any only because you had much. ⑵since引导从句常放句首，往往表示对方已知的让步原因关系，主从时态一般相同 ⑶as从句放句首 2、now(that) 既然 3、considering that,seeing (that):与since,now that意相近: “鉴于…”“考虑到…” 4、not that…,but that…“不是因为…而是因为…” 四、目的状语从句 1、that,so that,in order that“为了，以便” ⑴从句中往往出现情态动词：can\could\may\might ⑵当主从句的主语一致时，可转换为相应动词不定式结构：so as to\in order to 2、in case,for fear that,lest“以防、以免、万一..”从句是肯定句 五、结果状语从句 1、so,that,so that
英步状从句用法（一） 步状从句的用法一（表示“ 然，即使，尽管”） 1. although ，though ，even though ，even if 都表示“ 然，即使，尽管”之意，though和although 气弱(其中的though 比although 通俗 , 不如 although正式)，even if和even though 有 意味而得气更。例如： Although they are poor, they are happy. 然他很，但很快。天气然很冷, 但他没有穿大衣就出去了。即使他可能不会成功，但他仍努力。那篇文 章然很短，但很重要。他好一点了，仍未痊愈。即使下雨，她也是走着去工作的。今晚我将去拜 他，即使我只能停留一小会儿。 注意： though引的步状从句的用法比特殊，它可以倒装，也可以不倒装，具体用 法参 as 引步状从句的用法。 2. as 引步状从句表示“ 然、即使、尽管”，其引的步状从句必采用倒装构， as 引的倒装形式的步状从句的基本构：形容/ 副 / 名 (数可数名前一般 不冠，有也可数可数名前形容与不定冠用、形容放在不定冠前)// 去分＋ as＋主＋的其他部分。注意体会下列典型例句：Great as the author was, he proved a bad model.位作者尽管了不起，到来却成了一个坏榜。真的。然他很富有，但他并不幸福。倒装要省去个名前的冠个故事看似荒唐，却是)尽管是个孩子，他却 能分辨黑白。他尽管勇敢，可到蛇是抖。尽管很重，他仍然十分。然尽了最大努力，但是他仍 然不能搬那石。 ［考1］ We had to wait half an hour ____ we had already booked a table. A. since B. although C. until D. before ［答案］ B ［解析］下划之后所述的“我已了一桌”与前面所述的“我已不得不等了半个小”之意相反，四个中although 表示“即便??”，引步状从句最合适。 ［考 2］ ____ most of the earth’s surface is coveredby water, fresh water is very rare and precious. A. As B. Once C. If D. Although ［答案］ D ［解析］句意：然地球表面覆盖着水，但是水仍然很稀有、珍。下划引 步状从句，填入although 最合适。 ［考 3］ ____ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although ［答案］ D ［解析］下划引步状从句，填入although 最合适。 ［考 4］ Although he is considered a great writer, ____. A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read ［答案］ A ［解析］英不允在although 、 though 引的步状从句之后的主句句首重复使用，如果要在复合句中某种特的意，可以在主句的句首加上yet 、 still 等副。例如： Although she has a lot of money, (yet/still) she is not happy. 然她很有，但是她并不快。
状语从句用法详解 内容提要： 一、时间状语从句 二、地点状语从句 三、方式状语从句 四、程度状语从句 五、原因状语从句 六、结果状语从句 七、目的状语从句 八、条件状语从句 九、让步状语从句 十、比较状语从句 一、时间状语从句: 1、时间状语从句通常用下列从属连词来引导：after, before, as, once, till, until, (ever) since, when, whenever, while, now (that), as long as, as soon as。如： Now (that)you’ve gr own up, you must stop this childish behaviour. Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us. Come and see us whenever you have time. People do not know the value of health till they lose it. 2、有些词，如immediately, directly, instantly 等，当用于as soon as 意义时，也可以引导时间状语从句，如：
I got in touch with him immediately I received his letter. My sister came directly she got my message. The machine will start instantly you press the button. I’ll t elephone you directly I hear the news. Will you look for it immediately you get there? 3．某些表示时间的名词词组，如the (very) moment ( = as soon as ), the minute ( = as soon as ), the instant ( = as soon as ), the day, the year, the morning, every time, each time, next time, the first time 等，也可以引导时间状语从句，如： I’ll tell you about it the moment you come. I started the instant I heard the report. The instant she saw him she knew he was her brother. Every time I catch a cold, I have pain in my back. I’m going to see him next time he comes to Shenzhen. He left Europe the year World WarⅡbroke out. He had impressed me that way the first time I met him. I started the very moment I got your letter. I’ll tell him the minute (that) he gets here. 4．有些关联从属连词，如no sooner …than / hardly …when / scarcely …when / barely …when 等，也能引导时间状语从句。 △如果把no sooner, hardly, scarcely, barely 置于句首，它所连带的这部分就要倒装，如：
英语让步状语从句用法总结（一） 让步状语从句的用法一（表示“虽然，即使，尽管”） 1. although，though，even though，even if都表示“虽然，即使，尽管”之意，though 和although 语气较弱(其中的though 比although 通俗, 不如although 正式)，even if和even though 带有强调意味而显得语气更强。例如：Although they are poor, they are happy. 虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。天气虽然很冷, 但他没有穿大衣就出去了。即使他们可能不会成功，但他们仍努力尝试。那篇文章虽然很短，但很重要。他好一点了，虽仍未痊愈。即使下雨，她也是走着去工作的。今晚我将去拜访他，即使我只能停留一小会儿。 注意：though 引导的让步状语从句的用法比较特殊，它可以倒装，也可以不倒装，具体用法参见as引导让步状语从句的用法。 2. as引导让步状语从句表示“虽然、即使、尽管”，其引导的让步状语从句必须采用倒装结构，as引导的倒装形式的让步状语从句的基本结构为：形容词/副词/名词(单数可数名词前一般不带冠词，有时也可见单数可数名词前形容词与不定冠词连用、形容词放在不定冠词前)/动词/过去分词＋as＋主语＋谓语的其他部分。注意体会下列典型例句：Great as the author was, he proved a bad model. 这位作者尽管了不起，到头来却成了一个坏榜样。这个故事看似荒唐，却是真的。虽然他很富有，但他并不幸福。倒装时要省去单个名词前的冠词)尽管还是个孩子，他却能分辨黑白。他尽管勇敢，可见到蛇还是发抖。尽管伤势很重，他仍然十分乐观。虽然尽了最大努力，但是他仍然不能搬动那块石头。 ［考题1］We had to wait half an hour ____ we had already booked a table. A. since B. although C. until D. before ［答案］B ［解析］下划线处之后所述的“我们已经预订了一桌”与前面所述的“我们已经不得不等了半个小时”之间语意相反，四个选项中although表示“即便……”，引导让步状语从句最为合适。 ［考题2］____ most of the earth’s surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious. A. As B. Once C. If D. Although ［答案］D ［解析］句意为：虽然地球表面覆盖着水，但是纯净水仍然很稀有、珍贵。下划线处应引导让步状语从句，填入although最为合适。 ［考题3］____ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although ［答案］D ［解析］下划线处应引导让步状语从句，填入although最为合适。 ［考题4］Although he is considered a great writer, ____. A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read ［答案］A ［解析］英语不允许在连词although、though引导的让步状语从句之后的主句句首重复使用连词，如果要在复合句中强调某种特别的意义，可以在主句的句首加上yet、still等副词。例如：Although she has a lot of money, (yet/still) she is not happy. 虽然她很有钱，但是她并不快乐。
让步状语从句的讲解与用法让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种，其本身也是状语从句.一般翻译为“尽管……”或“即使……"，就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说……"的感觉。?使用的连词?引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些:thouｇh, ａlthｏｕgh，wｈiｌe, as； eｖen if, eｖｅn though； wｈeｔheｒ．..ｏr。.。；ｎo matter+疑 问词，疑问词－eｖer，regａｒdless oｆ+名词/名词 短语／名词从句,ｄespite，in spite of.切记alｔｈougｈ不可与bｕｔ连用 用法 （1)ｔｈough， although表示“虽然，纵然"之意。这两个连词意思大致相同，在一般情况下可以互换使用.在口语中，thoｕgh较常使用，alｔhouｇh比thｏugｈ正式，二者都可与ｙｅt，ｓtｉll或never，the less连用，但不能与but连用。 例如：Alｔhoｕｇｈ/Ｔｈｏuｇh ｈe ｗas ｅｘhａｕsｔeｄ, (stｉlｌ） he ｋept on worｋｉng。虽然他已经精疲力竭了,但仍然继续工作. (2)as， tｈoｕgｈ表示“虽然……但是",“纵使……"之意。 aｓ引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动
词原形，thoｕgｈ也可用于这样的结构中，但ａｌｔｈ ｏｕgｈ不可以这样用。?例如：Ｏbjｅct aｓyou may, Ｉ’ll gｏ。（=Ｔｈough/Aｌｔhｏugh yｏu may object, I’ll ｇo。）纵使你反对,我也要去。（3）ｅｖｅn if，ｅvｅｎｔhｏｕgｈ表示“即使……”,“纵使……”之意，含有一种假设。这 两个复合连词的意思基本相同。它们常互换使用,但意 义有细微差别。even if引导的让步从句含有强烈的假 定性，可用来表示与事实相反的假设，但不能用来描述 已经发生的事实.而ｅven tｈｏuｇh引导让步状语从句 时,是以从句的内容为先决条件的，即说话人肯定了从 句的事实，表示已经发生了的事。?例如: We’ll make a ｔｒiｐｅven ｉf／tｈough thｅｗea ｔheｒ is ｂad. 即使天气不好，我们也要作一次旅行. ?(4）whethｅｒ．..or。。。表示“不论是否……”， “不管是……还是……"之意。由这一个复合连词 引导的让步状语从句旨在说明正反两方面的可能性都不 会影响主句的意向或结果。 例如: Ｙoｕ'll ｈave tｏａｔｔeｎd thｅｃer ｅｍony whetｈer you're fｒeｅｏr bｕsy．不 管你忙不忙,都要参加这个典礼。?Wｈeｔheｒ you ｂelieve iｔ or ｎot， it＇s true．无论你是否相
As引导让步状语从句倒装的用法 为了帮助同学们全面掌握让步状语从句的倒装用法，本文将这类语法现象归纳为以下五种句型： 一、名词+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 King as he was，he was unhappy. 他虽是国王，但他并不幸福。 Child as he is，he knows to help other. 他虽是个孩子，却知道帮助别人。 【说明】其中的动词通常为连系动词，也就是说位于句首的名词是其后连系动词的表语。另外，要特别注意位于句首的名词前习惯上不用冠词，即使其前有形容词修饰也不用冠词。比较： Boy as ［though］he is，he likes to play with girls.=Though he is a boy，he likes to play with girls. 他虽是男孩，却喜欢与女孩子玩。 Strong man as ［though］he is，General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks.= Though he is a strong man，General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks. 波赛将军虽然坚强，但在过去的数周里也受到了严峻的考验。 二、形容词+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 Successful as he is，he is not proud. 他虽然成功，但不骄傲。 Improbable as it seems，it’s true. 虽然看起来不太可能，但却是真的。 Stupid as it sounds，I was so in love with her that I believed her. 尽管听起来很愚蠢，我是如此爱她竟然相信了她的话。 Patient as he was，he didn’t like waiting that long. 他虽说有耐心，也不愿等这么长。 Beautiful though the necklace was，we thought it was over-priced. 那条项链虽然很漂亮，我们认为价钱太高。 【说明】其中的动词也通常为连系动词，也就是说位于句首的形容词是其后连系动词的表语。 三、副词+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 Much as I like Paris，I couldn’t live there. 尽管我喜欢巴黎，但我不能住在那里。 Hard though they tried，they couldn’t make her change her mind. 尽管他们做了很大努力，却没法让她改变主意。 Fast as you read，you can’t finish the book in two days. 尽管你读得很快，你总不能在两天之内就读完这本书。 四、动词原形+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 Object as you may，I’ll go.纵使你反对，我也要去。 Try as he might，he couldn’t solve the problem. 尽管他想方设法，却未解决这个问题。 Search as they would，they would find nobody in the house. 无论怎样搜查，他们在房子里仍然没有找到一个人。 Dislike him as we may，we must acknowledge his greatness. 尽管我们不喜欢他，但必须承认他的伟大。 Lose money as I did，we got a lot of experience. 钱虽然丢了，我们却得到了许多经验。 Fail in the election as he did，he became famous for his fiery speech against slavery. 尽管落选了，但他却以其反对奴隶制的激烈演说而出了名。 【说明】主语后的动词通常为may，might，would，did 等情态动词或助动词(若表示
状语从句练习题含答案及解析 一、初中英语状语从句 1．—I hear Music and Art will enter the Entrance Examination for the high school. —Yes. but don’t worry. Nothing will be difficult if more attention _____ to them. A．will pay B．will be paid C．is paid D．pays 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我听说音乐和艺术将进入高中入学考试。——是的。但别担心。如果对他们给予更多的关注，就不会有困难。考查被动语态。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，需用一般现在时态代替一般将来时态；从句主语more attention是单数第三人称，又是动词pay的受动者，需用被动语态，即is+paid结构；根据句意语境，可知选C。 2．You won't succeed _____ you work hard A．if B．because C．unless D．so that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：你不会成功的，除非你努力工作。if如果；because 因为，引导原因状语从句；unless如果不，除非；so that以至于，引导结果状语从句；为的是，引导目的状语从句。根据句意可知，这里表示“如果不努力工作”，故应选C。 3．一When did you leave your office yesterday? 一 I finished the project. A．Until B．While C．When D．Not until 【答案】D 【解析】 句意：昨天你什么时候离开你的办公室的？——直到我完成那个任务。本题考查连词。A. Until 直到···时候才结束，要与延续性动词连用；B. While 当···时候；C. When 当···时候；D. Not until直到···时候才开始，与非延续性动词连用；句子中finished（完成）是非延续性动词，故选D 4．It is necessary for children to exchange ideas with parents from time to time ________ a good parent-children relationship could be set up. A．so that B．because C．as soon as 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意“为了建立良好的亲子关系，孩子们有必要不时地与父母交流思想”。A.目的是，为的是（引导目的状语从句）；B.因为（引导原因状语从句）；C.一……就……（引导时间状语从句）。根据句意可知，表示“目的是为了建立良好的亲子关系”，表示目的，故选A。
Section ⅡGrammar 时间、条件和让步状语从句 时间、条件和让步状语从句在高考中约占3分，考查形式主要有单选、完型填空、语篇填空和改错，主要考察这三种从句中的引导词、谓语动词。 幻灯片3 一、时间状语从句 1．no sooner...than与hardly...when 都表示主句与从句的动作相继发生，意为“一……就……，刚刚……就”，主句动词用过去完成时。如no sooner，hardly位于句首时，主句用倒装形式。 He had hardly gone to bed when the doorbell rang. ＝Hardly had he gone to bed when the doorbell rang. 他刚睡下门铃就响了。 No sooner had he got off the train than his daughter ran towards him. 他刚下火车，他女儿就向他跑了过来。 幻灯片4 2．as soon as，the moment，immediately 引导的从句表示从句动作一发生，主句动作随即发生，常译为“一……就”。名词词组the second，the minute，the moment，every time，any time，next time，the first/last time，the day/week/month等亦可作连词，引导时间状语从句。 They told me about it as soon as/immediately/the moment they got the message.他们一听到口信就把消息告诉了我。 Every time he walked by the lake，he thought of his childhood life.每当他走过那个湖时，就会想起童年的生活。 注意：immediately可用做连词也可用做副词。 幻灯片5 3．till和until 词义是“直到……，一直……为止”，表示一个动作持续到某一时刻或某一动作发生为止，在句首只能用until。在肯定句中，主句中要用延续性动词；在否定句中，可以用非延续性动词。 She stood there till/until he had passed out of sight. 她站在那里看着，直到望不见他的身影。 Until they had finished the work，they did not go home. ＝Not until they had finished the work did they go home. 直到工作完成了他们才回家。 幻灯片6 注意：(1)在not...until结构中not until位于句首时主句部分倒装。在强调句中，强调until引导时间状语时，常把not提前，构成It isn’t/wasn’t until...that...。(2)not...until和not...before意思相同，表示“直到……才，在……以前不”。 幻灯片7
where引导的地点状语从句用法总结归纳 1、where 在地点状语从句中，除指地点外，还可指处境等。 eg. I'm unsatisfied with where I live. 我对自己住的地方特不 满意。 2、有时地点状语从句中的某些词能够省略。 eg. Fill in the blanks with the given phrases. Change the form where necessary. 用所给的短语填空，必要的地方能够改变其 形式。 3、地点状语从句一般置于主句之后。 eg. Keep it where you can see it. 把它放在你看得见的地方。 4、where一般表示一个确定的但非特指的地点。 eg. The school was built where there had once been a cemetery. 学校建在一座墓园的旧址。 5、wherever, anywhere 和 everywhere 表示“任何地方”。 eg. No matter where you now are in writing, you can improve with practice. 不管你在写作上你处于什么水平，练习都能帮你提升。 6、where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而状语从句前则无需先行词。 eg. Go back where you came from.你从何处来到何处去。(where引导地点状语从句) Go back to the country where you came from.你从哪个国家来了 就回哪去。(where引导定语从句，修饰place)
SDN让步状语从句 让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种，其本身也是状语从句。一般翻译为“尽管……”或“即使……”，就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说……”的感觉。 引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些：though,although,while,as; even if,even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑问词，疑问词-ever，regardless of+名词/名词短语/名词从句，despite，in spite of。切记although，though 不可与but连用，但可以与still和yet连用。 ⑴though,although表示“虽然，纵然”之意。 这两个连词意思大致相同，在一般情况下可以互换使用。在口语中，though较常使用，although比though 正式，二者都可与yet,still或never，the less连用，但不能与but连用。例如： My will remains firm though I must lower my physical sights. 尽管我得降低体育（锻炼）的目标，但我的意志是坚强的。 Though I believe it,yet I must consider. 尽管我相信这一点，但我还得考虑考虑。 Although/Though he was exhausted,(still) he kept on working. 虽然他已经精疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。 Although/Though he is very old,(yet) he is quite strong. 他虽然年纪大了，身体还很健壮。 值得注意的是，although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多，though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。例如： She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard. 她虽然不用功学习，考试却及格了。 ⑵as,though表示“虽然……但是”，“纵使……”之意。 as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形，though 也可用于这样的结构中，但although不可以这样用。例如： Object as you may,I’ll go.(=Though/Although you may object,I’ll go.) 纵使你反对，我也要去。 Hard as/ though he works,he makes little progress. (=Though he works hard,he makes little progress.） 尽管他学习很努力，但几乎没取得什么进步。 Child as/though he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.（=Though he was a child,he knew what was the right thing to do.） 虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。 Fast as you read,you can’t finish the book so soon. 纵然你读得快，你也不能这么快读完这本书。 Lover of towns as I am ,I realize that I owe a debt to my early country life. 尽管我爱城市，但我知道，以往的乡村生活使我受益匪浅。 Small as atome are,they are made up of still samller units. 尽管原子很小，但它们由更小的单位构成。 ⑶even if,even though 表示“即使……”，“纵使……”之意，含有一种假设。 这两个复合连词的意思基本相同。它们常互换使用，但意义有细微差别。even if引导的让步从句含有强烈的假定性，可用来表示与事实相反的假设，但不能用来描述已经发生的事实。而even though引导让步状语从句时，是以从句的内容为先决条件的，即说话人肯定了从句的事实，表示已经发生了的事。例如： We’ll make a trip even if/though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好，我们也要作一次旅行。 Even if he is poor,she loves him. (=He may be poor,yet she loves him.）
状语从句 一：状语从句的定义、功能、分类 定义：在复合句中作状语的从句 功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句 分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。位置：从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。 二：考点与难点 1、各种从属连词的含义及用法比较； 2、no matter wh- 与wh-ever 引导的从句的区别； 3、状语从句的时态问题； 4、状语从句倒装及省略； 5、状语从句与其它从句的区别。三：九种常见状语从句用法 1. 时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词 1）.基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc. 2）. 名词类 the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,etc. (一…就…); every time, each time, the last time, the first time, the day, the year, the morning etc. 3）. 副词类：immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一...就...) 4）.句型类：no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when…, etc. (一…就…) 注意：1. when, as, while When ①when表示时间点时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示时间段时，用持续性动词。Eg:. When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in. （when表示段时间） 2). He waved a hello when he saw her.（when表示点时间） ②. 可用作并列连词，其意义为“这时,突然”，相当于and then suddenly。常用于下列句式： be doing / be about to do sth/ be on the point of doing / have/had done + when Eg.1). I was about to go out when the door bell rang. 2). One evening I was having my dinner when an unexpected friend knocked my door. ③. 还可以表示原因,意思是“既然”，相当于since; considering that Eg. 1). It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes . 2). How can he get good grades when he won't study? While ①while通常表示一段时间，从句中常用持续性动词作谓语。 Eg: Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 ②while有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成“然而……”。 Eg: 1). I am fond of English while he likes maths. ③while有时可引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然”。 Eg. While they love the children, they are strict with them. As ①表示一边……一边……，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。 eg: She is singing a song as she took a bath. ②as表示随着 eg: As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer. 2. till, until和not…until 1）until /till用于肯定句时，表示直到…为止，主句必须为持续性动词。