初中英语现在完成时的用法have(has)+过去分词
1.现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生活或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.
I have lost my wallet.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has laid the table.(含义是:已可以吃饭了.) Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱)
He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地) 2. 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的情况,常与for,since连用. Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
3. 现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等:
He has already obtained a scholarship.
I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).
We have seen that film before.
Have they found the missing child yet
4. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如often, sometimes, ever, never，twice, on several occasion等:
Have you ever been to Beijing
I have never heard Bunny say anything against her.
I have used this pen only three times. It is still good. George has met that gentleman on several occasions. 5. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to present, so far等: Peter has written six papers so far. Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.
There has bee too much rain in San Francisco this year. The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.
Up to the present everything has been successful.
6. 现在完成时表示现在之前业已完成的动作,虽然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续,但是有一些现在完成时的句子,在后面加上for+一段时间,则现在完成时的动作就表示延续性. Thomas has studied Russian. (现在不再学俄语)
Thomas has studied Russian for three years. (=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.(同第2点用法第一个例句)
7. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作.
We have had four texts this semester.
现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较
现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；
一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。
试比较：
The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）
The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）
I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）
I taught here for a year. 我在这儿教过一年。（表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了）
练习：
I．翻译下列句子：
1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？
2.我刚刚丢了我的化学书。
3.我以前从来没去过那个农场。
4.他已经吃过午饭了。
5.你已经看过这部电影了吗？
6.我哥哥还没回来。
7.我上星期看过这部电影。
8.在1992年他住在这里。
II．用过去时或现在完成时填空：
1. “_________ you __________ (have) lunch ?” “Yes.”
“When ________ you __________ (have) it?” “I ____________ (have) it at 12:00.”
2. “_________ you __________ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?”
“Yes, I ___________. I ________________ (write) one last week.”
3. “_________ he ___________ (finish) his homework?” “Not yet.”
4. “_________ they ever __________ (be) abroad?” “Yes, just once.”
5. Your father _________ just ___________ (finish) his work.
6. Your father _________ (finish) his work just now.
7. Last term I __________ (learn) many English words.
8. They ____________ (not read) the interesting books yet.
9. He _____________ never ____________ (go) to the science museum.
10. ____________ you ever ____________ (drink) coke?
11. “____________ you _____________ (buy) a
dict ionary? “ “Yes, I __________ .”
“Where __________ you _____________ (buy) it?” “ I ___________ (buy) it in a bookstore.”
“When ___________ you _____________ (buy) it?” “ Yesterday.”
Since 和for 的用法
表示过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态常用的时间状语有：for, since, how long, so far, these days 等。
Since+过去点的时间，for+一段时间（数词+量词），此划线部分用how long提问。
一、since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今，since之后的时间为一点。如：
Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984.
He’s learned about 5,000 English wo rds since he went to college.
二、for短语表示动作延续多长时间，for的宾语为
时间段。如：
We have known each other for twenty years.
I haven’t seen her for a long time.
注：since+一段时间+ago since+从句（从句：一般过去式）
练习：用since和for填空
1) ______ two years 2) _______ two years ago 3) _______ last month 4) ______ 1999
5) _______ yesterday 6) _______ 4 o’clock 7) ______ 4 hours 8) _______ an hour ago 9) _______ we were children 10) _____ lunch time 11) ______ she left here
1. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.
2. I’ve known him __________ we were children.
3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.
4. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.
5. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.
划线提问
1) I have been there for two days.
__________ _________ __________ you
__________ __________ ?
2)My father has lived here since 2000.
_________ _________ __________ your father
_________ __________?
3)He left here yesterday.
_________ ________ he _________ __________?
短暂性动词转换延续性动词
①arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw.
come/go/move to sw.
→ be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there
1)He got to Beijing five minutes ago.
He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for
_________ _________.
2)I moved to the USA last year.
I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________.
3)They came here last week.
They _________ _________ here since _________
__________.
②come/go back, return → be back come/go ou t → be out
1)He came out two years ago.
He _________ __________ _________ for
__________ __________.
2)We return to Fuzhou yesterday.
We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.
③become → be
例：The river became dirty last year.
---> The river _______ _______ dirty for _______ _______.
④close → be closed open → be open
1)The shop closed two hours ago.
The shop ________ _________ _________ for
_________ _________.
2)The door opened at six in the morning. The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.
⑤get up → be up die → be dead leave sw. → be away from sw.
fall asleep/get tot sleep → be asleep
finish/end → be over marry → be married
1)I got up two hours ago.
I ________ ________ ________ since ________
________ ________.
2)My grandpa died in 2002.
My grandpa _______ _______ ________for
_______ ________.
5)I got to sleep two hours ago.
I ________ _________ _________ for _________ __________.
6)They married in 1990.
They ________ _________ __________since
_________.
⑥start/begin to do sth. → do sth.begin → be on
1)I began to teach at this school in 1995.
I ____ ____ at this school since ____.
2)The film began two minutes ago.
The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.
⑦borrow → keep lose → not have buy →have put on → wear
catch/get a cold → have a cold get to know → know
1)They borrowed it last week.
They _________ _________ it since __________
__________.
2)I bought a pen two hours ago.
I _________ _________ a pen for ________
__________.
3)I got to know him last year.
I _________ __________ him since __________ __________.
4)I put on my glasses three years ago.
I __________ __________ my glasses for
_________ _________.
⑧have/has gone to → have been in
1)He has gone to Beijing.
He ____ ____ _____ Beijing for two days.
⑨join the league/the Party/the army
→ be a league/a Party member/a soldier
→ be a member of the league/the Party
→ be in the league/the Party/the army
1)He joined the league in 2002.
He ________ _________ a _________ _________ for two years.
He ________ __________ a __________
___________ the __________ for two years.
He ____________ ___________ ___________ the league for two years.
2)My brother joined the army two years ago. My brother __________ __________ a
___________ for ___________ ___________.
My brother ___________ ___________ in
____________ ___________ for two years.
have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法
一、have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。
此外还有这些搭配：have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farm / abroad
二、have(has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用，例如：I have just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。
Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。
Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾经去过杭州吗？
have(has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。例如：
I have been to Beijing three times. 我去过北京三次。
They have been to that village several times. 他们去过那个村庄好几次了。
三、have(has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。
例如：----Where is Tom? ----He has gone to the bookshop. 汤姆在哪里？他到书店去了。
Jack Johnson has gone to London. 杰克.约翰逊到伦敦去了。
练习：
I. 用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________?
B: He ______ ______ to Hainan Island.
A: How long ___________ he ___________ there? B: He ______ _______ there for three days.
A: When will he come back , do you know?
B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.
A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there. A: How many times ___________ Li Fei
__________ to that place?
B: He ______ _______ there only once.
II. 用have/has been to/in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。
1)Where is Jack? He _____________ his country.
2)David ________ the park just now.
3)John ___________ England since he came back.
4)How long _____ you ___________ this village?
5)The Smiths __________ Beijing for many years.
6)_____ you ever __________ America?
-- Yes, I __________ there many times.
7)I _____________ this school since three years ago.
8)Where is Jim? He _____________ the farm.
9)When_____ he _______? He __________ an hour ago.
10)Would you like to _____ the zoo with me?
---Yes, but I _________ there before.
11)Where _____ you _______ now? --- I
____________ the zoo.
12)He often _____ swimming.
13)_____ you ______ there last year?
14)_____ they often ______ skating in winter?
综合练习:
I. 用never, ever, already, yet, for, since填空
1.I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2.Jack has _________ finished his homework ________ an hour ago.
3.Mr. Wang has taught in this school
________ ten years.
4.“Have you ________ seen the film?” “No,
I have ________ seen it.”
5.“Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
II. 翻译下列句子：
1.他们已经打扫了教室吗？
2.我们已经认识有二十年了。
3.打那以后，她一直住在这。
4.“你曾经到过那里吗？”
“不，我从来没到过那里。”
III. 用适当的时态填空：
1.She’s ___________ (live) here ever since she was ten.
2.Both of them ________________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.
3.Both of them _____________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.
4. Half an hour ____________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave).
5. Mary________(lose) her pen. __________ you ____________ (see) it here and there?
6. ___________ you ____________ (find) your watch yet?
7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No . I _________ just
_____________ (have) some orange.
8. We ____________already ______________ (return) the book.
9. ___________ they ____________ (build) a new school in the village?
10. I ________________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?
11. My father _____________ (read) the novel twice.
12. I _________ (buy) a book just now.
13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday.
14. My father ________________ (read) this book since yesterday.
III．句型转换：
1. He has already gone home. He _________
__________ home ____________. (否定句)
____________ he __________ home ___________? (疑问句)
2. He has lunch at home. He __________
_____________ lunch at home. (否定句)
____________ he __________ lunch at home? (疑问句)
3. He has been there twice. __________
__________ ________ __________ he been there? (划线提问)
4. I have lunch at school. __________ __________ you ____________ lunch? (划线提问)
英语过去完成时 A 形式 过去完成时由had＋过去分词构成，因此无人称变化： 肯定式：I had／I’d worked等 否定式：I had not／hadn’t worked等 疑问式：had I worked？等 否定疑问式：had I not／hadn’t I worked？等 B 用法 1 、过去完成时是与现在完成时相当的过去式。 现在完成时： Ann has just left．If you hurry you’ll catch her． 安刚刚走。如果你快一点，就能追上她。（参见第183节。） 过去完成时： When I arrived Ann had just left． 我到的时候，安刚刚离开。 现在完成时： I’ve lost my case． 我的手提箱丢了。（参见第184节。） 过去完成时： He had lost his case and had to borrow Tom’s pyjamas． 他的手提箱丢了，不得不去向汤姆借睡衣睡裤。 但是，过去完成时不像现在完成时那样限于表达未指明时间的动作，因此可以说： He had left his case on the 4∶40 train． 他把手提箱丢在4点40分的火车上了。 2、现在完成时可以和since／for／always等词连用，表示一个开始于过去并仍在继续或刚刚结束的动作。（参见第186节。）与此同理，过去完成时也可以用来表示在所说的过去某一时刻之前就已开始的动作，这一动作： （a）在该时刻仍然在继续；或 （b）在该时刻停止或刚刚停止。 但应注意，过去完成时还可以用来表示： （c）在所说时刻之前某一时候停止的动作。 （a），（b），（c）这三种类型的例句分别列举如下： （a）Bill was in uniform when I met him．He had been a soldier for tenyears／since he was seventeen，and planned to stay in the army till hewas thirty． 我遇到比尔的时候，他身穿军服。那时他已经当了十年兵了／他 从17岁就当兵，并且还计划在军队里呆到30岁。 Ann had lived in a cottage for sixty years／ever since she was born，andhad no wish to move to a tower block．
现在完成时 一、定义：表示一个动作在过去发生并对现在产生影响 表示一个动作由过去发生持续到现在有可能停下，也有可能延续下去 表示一个动作从过去开始发生到目前为止已经发生多次。 二、构成：现在完成时是由“助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词”构成的， 其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需加强记忆。 如：I have just cleaned my clothes．我刚洗过衣服。 My brother has done his homework already. 我的弟弟已经做完他的作业了。 友情提示：在现在完成时的各种结构中，have, has均为助动词，无实际意义，只起构成时态的作用，不可省略。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has，其余人称一律用have。 过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。 四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词： AAA型 原型过去式过去分词 burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt put put put set set set shut shut shut
结构形成 现在进行时的构成是: 主语+be+v（动词）+ing〔现在分词形式） 第一人称单数I+am+动词的ing形式. 第一人称复数We+are+动词的ing形式. 第二人称单(复)数You+are+动词的ing形式 第三人称单数He（She，it）+is+动词的ing形式 第三人称复数They+are+动词ing 肯定句:主语+be（am/is/are）+现在分词（动词ing形式）否定句：主语+be（is/am/are）+not+现在分词（动词ing 形式） 一般疑问句:be（is/am/are）+主语+现在分词（动词ing 形式） 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+相应be动词+主语+现在分词+其他? 间接引语中改为过去进行时。 变化规则
1.一般情况下直接在动词后面+ ing(例：sleep+ing 变sleeping) 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e再+ing(例：bite-e+ing 变biting) 3.以重读闭音节结尾的词，要双写尾字母再加ing（例：swim+m+ing=swimming sit+t+ing=sitting) 4.以ie结尾的重读闭音节，变ie为y+ing （例：die-dying lie-lying） 5.结尾为c且c读作/k/时，在结尾加k再加ing,如picnic-picnicking 现在进行时的基本用法 A表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情在进行。 We are waiting for you. B. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作，说话时未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态.) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
英语动词现在完成时中的用法梳理 表示过去发生的动作对现在所造成的影响或表示从过去某一时刻开始一 直延续到现在的动作或状态。如I have finished my work. 我的工作干完了。Luckily, I have read the book before. 幸好我以前看过这本书。I have almost finished the book. 这本书我几乎已经看完了。And because of that, we have come to see you. 因此我们就来找你了。We have used both written and aural material. 我们使用了书面和听的材料。She has been away on a long trip. 她离家作长途旅行去了。He has behaved very badly to you. 他待你很不好(from yygrammar)。The storm has lasted for three hours. 暴雨已经持续了三个钟头了。 2. 经常与现在完成时连用的状语或结构有already, just, so far, in the last [past] few years, it is the first time that, for five years, since 1980 等。如I‘ve known her for a long time. 我认识她很长时间了。I‘ve already posted your letters. 我已把你的信发掉了。So far there has been no bad news. 到现在为止还没有坏消息。Since then, he has developed another bad habit. 自那以后，它养成了另一种环习惯。注：不与具体的过去时间状语或when 连用(from yygrammar)。引用地址: yygrammar/Article/200806/384.html ?
过去完成时语法精讲 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成：过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. # She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning. 二、过去完成时的判断依据 1. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： （ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （3 ）before + 过去的时间点。如： 】 They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在： （ 1 ）宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如： She said that she had seen the film before. （ 2 ）状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如： ] When I got to the station, the train had already left. After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. 注意：before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于before 和after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：Where did you study before you came here After he closed the door, he left the classroom. （ 3 ）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3. 根据上、下文来判定。 【 I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
现在完成时学案 翻译这两个句子，并且观察他们的时态。 Yesterday I finished my homework. T hat ’ s to say, I havealready finished my homework. ____________________________________________________________ I have lived here since 1990. _____________________________________________________ 现在完成时态 1.用法：①过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果：强调结果 ②过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态：强调继续 2.现在完成时的构成have\has+过去分词 3.现在完成时的四个基本句型 肯定句He has finished the work. 一般疑问句否定句______________________ ______________________ 两回答肯定__________否定__________ 特殊疑问句_______________________ 4.在下列情形下用现在完成时 (1)① already 已经肯定句中或句尾 e.g.: I have already found my pen. = I have found my pen already. ② yet 已经否定句和疑问句句尾 e.g.： I have not finished the work yet. Have you bought a computer yet? (2)两词组 have
一般现在时的构成及用 法 Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】
一般现在时的构成及用法 【No. 1】一般现在时的定义及构成一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。 构成:主语+动词原形+宾语一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词要用第三人称单数形式。（一般的动词词尾+S。以sh/ch/s/x结尾的词+es.以辅音字母Y结尾的把Y变成i再+es。辅音字母+o结尾的+es.) 一般现在时的构成及用法 【No. 1】一般现在时的定义及构成一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。 构成:主语+动词原形+宾语 一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词要用第三人称单数形式。（一般的动词词尾+S。以sh/ch/s/x结尾的词+es.以辅音字母Y结尾的把Y变成i再+es。辅音字母+o结尾的+es.) 【No. 2】一般现在时的应用 (1)在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month&hellip, once a week, on Sundays ……例句：He usually plays football on Sundays.(2)没有时间状语，可以分以下四种类型：
A．be型 这一类型由be动词+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语的个性、特征或状态。如： ①I am a student.(主语+be动词+名词) ②They are hungry.（主语+be动词+形容词） ③He is out.(主语+be动词+副词) ④That pen is mine.(主语+be动词+代词) ⑤I am fifteen.(主语+be动词+数词) ⑥The bike is under the tree.(主语+be动词+介词短语) B．do型 do型由行为动词充当谓语，表示经常性或习惯性的动作，其构成为“主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式”。如： ①I know it. ②He believes me. C．there be型 there be型句子表示“存在”，其构成为“there be+主语+其他”，表示客观事实。用法遵循“就近原则”，即主语是单数或并列主语中的第一个主语是单数，则用there is；主语是复数或并列主语中的第一个主语是复数，则用there are。如：
人教版英语英语现在完成时用法总结含答案百度文库 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．—— ______you _____ out the problem, Sam? ——Not yet, but I'm going to. A. Did, work B. Are, working C. Have, worked D. Will , work 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：萨姆，你计算出这道数学题了吗？——还没有，但是快了。结合语境可知上文描述的是现在已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时态。选C。 【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。英语疑问句中一般具有时态上的对应关系，注意结合这一特点进行区分。 2．—What great progress Huawei ________ in recent years! —No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world. A. is making B. has made C. makes D. made 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——华为近几年取得了多大的进步啊！——难怪它在世界的每个角落都出名。根据时间状语in recent years，近几年，可知动作从过去持续到现在，时态为现在完成时have/has+过去分词，故选B。 【点评】考查现在完成时。注意掌握现在完成时的结构have/has+过去分词。 3．The tall building here for 100 years. A. is B. was C. has been D. is been 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】那幢高楼在这里已经有100年了。根据for 100 years可知“高楼在这里”是过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，要用现在完成时态，其谓语动词形式为have/has+动词过去分词。故选C。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时，平时应多归纳总结各种时态，语态和句式的结构及用法。4．So far Tom with Mary _______ 50 left -behind children to do their homework after school. A. help B. helped C. has helped D. have helped 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】此题要掌握现在完成时的时间状语及主语+with 短语是单数的概念，即可得出答案。选C。
【英语】初中英语过去完成时练习题 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．My grandparents for fifty years by the time My sister was 15. A. married B. had married C. had got married D. had been married 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：到我妹妹十五岁的时候，我的祖父母已经结婚五十年了。根据for fifty years 五十年和be动词was，可知是表示一段时间的状语，谓语动词具有持续性，用过去完成时had been married“结婚”表状态。故选D。 【点评】本题考查过去完成时，注意通过时间状语及动词判断句子的时态。 2．By the time I finished my homework，my mother ． A. slept B. has been asleep C. was asleep D. had been asleep 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】由上文“By the time ”和“ finished”可知此处应为过去完成时，故选D. 【点评】考查过去完成时。 3．Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing, he_______ in Hongkong for ten years. A. works B. has worked C. had worked D. would work 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：O'Shea在北京主持Joy FM节目前，他已经在香港工作了10年了。根据Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing可知，主持节目这个动作发生在过去，而在香港呆了十年是发生在过去的过去，时态要用过去完成时（had +过去分词），故选C。 【点评】考查动词的时态。牢记过去完成时的用法。 4．Yesterday when I _______ to the station, the train ______ already. A. got, had left B. got, has left C. had got, left D. got, left 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：昨天当我到达车站时，火车已经离开了。结合语境可知前文时间状语从句描述的是过去某时发生的动作，故用一般过去时态。下文，描述的是过去某时前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态，选A。 【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。英语疑问句中一般具有时态上的对应关系，注意结合这一特点进行区分。
一般现在时一般现在时的用法: 1、表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue、天空就是蓝色的。 2、表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day、我每天六点起床。 3、表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun、地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的结构: 1、be动词:主语+be(am ,is, are)+其它。如:I am a boy、我就是一个男孩。 2、行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English、我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese、玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时常用的时间词:often, usually, sometimes, every day(week, year、、、)等。 A、第三人称单数形式的构成 一般现在时主语就是第三人称单数时,谓语动词后要加s或es,其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同: 1、一般情况下只在动词后加s,如work-works, write-writes、 2、以o,s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词,后加es,如guess-guesses, mix-mixes, finish-finishes, catch-catches、 3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,改y为i加es,如study-studies、 注:不规则变化的有have-has I. 用be 动词的适当形式填空 1、__________ your father a worker﹖Yes, he __________、 2、They __________ in the classroom. 3、Where __________ my books﹖ 4、These ___________her pears、 5、How much _________the T-shirt? 6、How much __________ the socks? 8、You can _________ in our school music club、 9、Let's ___________friends、 10、He and I _________friends、 12、There ____ some apples on the table yesterday、 IV、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1、Let me _______ (help) you find your purse、 2、Would you like__________(buy) things for New Year's Day? 3、I like __________( make) kites、 4、He can________ (skate) better than ME、 5、You must _______( listen) to your teacher in class、 6、They enjoy________(play) basketball、 7、She wants________(watch) cartoons、 8、It's time for us ________( read) books、 I、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1、He often ________(have) dinner at home、 2、Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One、
Present perfect tense 现在完成时 Objectives 1.学习现在完成时； 2.总结现在完成时与一般过去时的区别及用法。 Grammar 一、现在完成时的定义： 1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 2.也可以表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态 二、现在完成时的结构 have/has+ done (过去分词) 注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。 如：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。 三、现在完成时的时间状语 1.ever, never, twice（once…）, so far（到目前为止）, , already（肯定句）, yet（否定，疑问句）, just(刚刚), before（以前）, recently（近来）等词连用 2.Since+时间点，for+时间段，in the past/last few years 表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since （自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。 说明：already与yet都有“已经”的意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑问句，并用于句末。例如： I have already finished my homework.
过去完成时练习题 一、 ()(1)The police found that the house _______and a lot of things_________. A. has broken into, has been stolen B. had broken into, had been stolen C. has been broken into, stolen D. had been broken into, stolen ()(2)By the end of this century, we__ ours into a strong modern country. A. will build B. had built C. have built D. will have built ()(3)We _________the work by six yesterday evening. A. finished B.would finish C. had finished D. had been finished ()(4)I _________to help you but couldn’t get here in time. A. want B. had wanted C. have wanted D. was wanting ()(5) Mrs. Wu told me that her sister___________. A. left about two hours before B. would leave about two hours before C. has left about two hours ago D. had left about two hours before () (6)When I reached home, my parents __________their supper. A.are having B.have already had C.have had D. had already had () (7)It seems that the old man _________something important. A.has lost B. had lost C. lost D. would lose () (8)She __________in this school ________the past ten years. A.was teaching, since B. had been teaching, since C.would teach, for D. has been teaching, for () (9)Did you see Xiao Li at the party? No, ______by the time I arrived.
初中英语现在完成时技巧(很有用)及练习题 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．The Greens many places of interest since two years ago. A. has visited B. have visited C. visited D. will visit 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:自两年前开始，格林一家参观了许多名胜。since引出的时间状语从句，强调主句谓语从过去某时一直延续到现在，主句用现在完成时态，the Greens格林一家，表示复数含义，作主语，谓语用复数形式。故选B。 2．I scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old. A. will be B. was C. have been D. would be 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】由since引导的从句可知主句应用现在完成时，故答案为C。句意是：自从我五岁时被狗伤过之后我就一直怕狗。 【点评】本题考查现在完成时的用法。 3．Wow! You ________ dinner! Let's eat now. A. cook B. are cooking C. will cook D. have cooked 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：Wow，你做好分了，让我们现在来吃。根据““Wow”及“now”可知本句动词的时间是现在，根据语境可知动词的状态为完成。故选D。 【点评】动词的时态可以根据选项与上下文之间的前后关系来判断。 4．—Your shoes are so old. Why don't you buy a new pair? —Because I all my money on an MP5. A. spend B. have spent C. am spending D. was spending 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】因为把所有的钱都花在MP5上，所以没钱买鞋。强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，故选B。 【点评】考查现在完成时的用法，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。 5．—Lucy, is your uncle a teacher?
外研版英语中考英语真题过去完成时 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．——Jim, did you take out the trash just now? ——No. By the time I came home it . A. have been taken out B. had taken out C. had been taken out 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】take out拿出，带出，by the time直到，came home是过去时，扔垃圾是发生在came之前的动作，过去完成时表示的是过去的过去。又有be+动词过去分词构成被动语态。had been+过去分词，含有被动语态的过去完成时。句意：Jim，刚才是你把垃圾扔了吗？不，我回来的时候垃圾已经被扔了。故选C。 【点评】考查被动语态及过去完成时的用法。 2．Jake _____his key in the office so he had to wait until his wife _______ home. A. has forgotten … comes B. forgot… come C. had left… came D. had left…would come 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：杰克把他的钥匙丢在办公室了，因此他不得不等到他的妻子回家。结合语境可知前文描述的是过去某时前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。下文指的是过去某时的动作，故用一般过去时态。选C。 【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。 3．— What do you think of the young lady? — She is hard-working. She ________ all her effort into her work before she got ill. A. has put B. put C. had put D. would put 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——你认为这位小姐怎样？——她很勤奋。她生病前把她所有的精力都投入到她的工作中。根据时间状语从句before she got ill.可知主句动作是过去的过去，该用过去完成时态：had+过去分词，故答案为C。 【点评】考查过去完成时。理解句意并掌握过去完成时表示过去的过去，构成为：had+过去分词。 4．The fireman________ the burning building three times before the fire was put out. A. is entering B. has entered C. was entering D. had entered
现在完成时 1．构成： 助动词（第一、第二人称单复数以及第三人称复数）have /（第三人称单数）has +过去分词”否定句形式：是在have/has后直接+not；疑问句形式：把have/has提前。 肯定回答：Y es,主语+have/has. 否定回答：No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t. 现在完成时用于描述一个发生在过去，并一直延续到现在，或者可能还要延续到将来的动作。 e.g. I called her just now. （过去时）/ I have just called her.（现在完成时） They have worked in the factory for ten months by now.从句中得知：他们在工厂干活这个动作始于十个月前，这十个月来他们一直在工厂干活，换而言之，这个动作从过去一直延续到了现在。 e.g. We have learned English for nearly 3 years.学英语这个动作开始于3年前，三年来一直在学，也就是说学英语这个动作从三年前一直延续到现在。 2．常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有： already , yet , never , ever , just , before , in the last/past 10 years , so far , since+点时间, for+段时间等等。 1) already , just用语肯定句中： e.g. --Would you like to see the film? --No, I’ve already seen it. / No, I have seen it already. / No, I have just seen it. （言下之意：已知内容，无须再看。） 2) yet用于有already的句子变成的否定句或者疑问句中，放在句尾。 e.g. I have already milked the cow. （我已经挤过牛奶了。） → Have you milked the cow yet? –No, I haven’t done it yet. / No, not yet. Have you had lunch yet? 3) never用于否定句或者否定回答中。ever用于疑问句中表示“曾经……吗？” e.g. I have never lost a library book before. → Have you ever lost a library book? –No, never. 4) before用于句末。 e.g. The woman has never heard of you before. 5) so far用于句首或句末。 e.g. So far, we have traveled to the moon. 6) in the past/last…years用于句末。 e.g. I have learned more than 2000 new words in the last/past 3 years. 7) for+一段时间（句中动词必须是延续性动词） since+起点时间（句中动词必须是延续性动词） since+一段时间+ago（句中动词必须是延续性动词） e.g. I have taught English for 9 years (since 9 years ago). He has read newspaper for 3 hours (since 3 hours ago). He has been in his school since 1999. I have known him since 20 years ago (for 20 years). *since+从句（从句用过去时态） e.g. I have lived here since I was born. He has worked in this factory since he left college.
一般现在时一般现在时的用法： 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的结构: 1. be动词：主语+be(am ,is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时常用的时间词：often, usually, sometimes, every day(week, year...)等。 A. 第三人称单数形式的构成 一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后要加s或es，其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同： 1. 一般情况下只在动词后加s，如work-works, write-writes. 2. 以o,s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词，后加es，如guess-guesses, mix-mixes, finish-finishes, catch-catches. 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i加es，如study-studies. 注：不规则变化的有have-has I. 用be 动词的适当形式填空 1. __________ your father a worker﹖Yes, he __________. 2.They __________ in the classroom． 3.Where __________ my books﹖ 4.These ___________her pears. 5.How much _________the T-shirt? 6.How much __________ the socks? 8.You can _________ in our school music club. 9.Let's ___________friends. 10.He and I _________friends. 12. There ____ some apples on the table yesterday. IV.用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. Let me _______ (help) you find your purse. 2. Would you like__________(buy) things for New Year's Day? 3. I like __________( make) kites. 4. He can________ (skate) better than ME. 5. You must _______( listen) to your teacher in class. 6. They enjoy________(play) basketball. 7. She wants________(watch) cartoons. 8. It's time for us ________( read) books. I.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.