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考研英语语法之比较结构

考研英语语法之比较结构
考研英语语法之比较结构

比较结构

disappearance of ―whom‖, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.

麦克沃特先生在学术上专攻语言史和语言变化。例如:他把“whom”的逐渐消失看成是自然而然的过程,与古英语中词格尾缀的消失一样毫不可惜。

补充:

no more…than这一句型有变体形式not…any more than,是考研英语中出现比较频繁的句型。功能上看,这一句型表示的是两个事物之间的类比关系,即用than后面的事物来作比,阐明前面所要表达的观点。意思上讲,这个结构表示:和…一样不。注意:than后面的句子为肯定形式,但要译成否定意义。

But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.

但是,他的首要任务并不是考虑支配自己行动的道德,就如同不能指望商人专注于探讨行业行为规范一样。

二、the more…the more句型比较

As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access – after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are.

随着互联网日趋商业化,普及使用符合商家的利益——毕竟,在线的人数越多,潜在的客户就越多。

四、表示“倍数”比较的三种句型

There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity and among 70-year-olds there are twice as many as women as men.

每出生100名女婴就会出生105名男婴,但这个比例在成年人中基本持平,在70岁的老人中,女性是男性的两倍。

According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending.

加拿大医疗信息协会的资料表明,自1997年以来,处方药费用的增长速度是整个医疗费用增长速度的两倍。

When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale.

美国二战后进入这样一个辉煌的时期,它拥有比任何竞争对手都大八倍的市场,这使其工业经济规模无可匹敌。

五、(jsut) as…, so…结构,表示类比

此句型表示“正如…所以…”,so后面的句子多用倒装结构。

Just as the soil is a part of the earth, so is the atmosphere.

正如土壤是地球的一部分一样,大气层同样也是地球的一部分。

六、not…so much as…比较

此句型从结构上看可以有not A so much as B或者not so much A as B两种,其中A和B 是两个被比较的平行结构,如:同为介词短语,动词不定式,名词短语或者其他平行结构。从意义上看,其基本含义为“与其说A倒不如说B”或者“是B,而不是A”。

Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.

他们说,科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见,不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等更为普遍的东西。

状语

downshifting in the mid-90s is not so much as a search for the mythical good life – growing your 主语

own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one –as a personal recognition of your limitations.

对于我们这一代生活在80年代的被敦促要搏击生活的女性来说,在90年代中期过着节奏放慢的生活,与其说是对神秘的美好生活的追求—自己种有机蔬菜,冒险成为一名菜农—倒不如说我们认识到了自身的局限。

Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed -- and

定语从句

perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.

电视是引发和传递这些感受的手段之一--在欧洲近年来发生的事件中,它把不同的民族和国家连接到一起,其作用之大前所未有。

七、其他more than结构的理解与翻译

1. more than + 动词或名词:不仅仅是,不只是

They may teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflection on human problems which involve moral judgment.

他们(知识分子)可能很会教书,而且不仅仅是为了挣薪水,但他们大多数人却很少或没有对需要进行道德判断的人类问题进行独立思考。

Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just a medium; it is a companion.

收音机与我们的生活息息相关,所以它不只是媒体,更是我们的伙伴。

2. more than + 数字:多于…

The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred 主语

years ago, and the selective role of environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the 主语

individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.

自然选择在进化中的作用仅在一百多年前才得以阐明,而环境在塑造和保持个体行为时的选择作用才刚开始被认识和研究。

3. more than + 形容词:非常

The USA remains more than capable of holding Iraq down, while confronting North Korea and Iran – its next main targets.

美国在推翻伊拉克的同时,完全还有实力可以与接下来的主要目标朝鲜和伊朗对抗。

4. nothing more than结构:只不过是

The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is nothing more than an anonymous, statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.

美味电视观众总会觉得,在众多形形色色的观众当中,自己只不过是无足轻重的一小分子。

5. no less than/nothing less than结构:不亚于…,相当与…

This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.

这一点就足以证明,要再电视行业里生存下来并非易事。统计数字尤其说明了这一事实—在80个欧洲电视网中,多大一般在1989年出现了亏损。

6. more than…can:达到不可能的程度,简直不能

The beauty of the place is more than I can describe.

那地方的景色之美简直让我无法形容。

八、other than 与rather than

A rather than B: 是A而不是B,与其A不如B,否定than后面的B,A、B为并列关系A other than B: 除了B以外还有A,A、B为从属关系,B从属于A

The waterwheel is a mechanism designed to harness energy from a source other than animals.

水轮机这种装置利用的不是动物能。

The waterwheel is a mechanism designed to harness energy from water rather than animals.

水轮机这种装置利用的不是动物能而是水能。

Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug. Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts.

从技术角度出发,出了视频之外,任何能改变我们省力或心理机能的物质都是药物。许多人错误地认为“药物”这个词仅指某些药物或嗜毒者使用的非法化学品。

比较结构练习:

In fact, the more new things we try –the more we step outside our comfort zone –the more inherently creative we become, both in workplace and in our personal lives.

事实上,我们越是尝试新的东西—我们越多的跨出自己的舒适范围—我们就会变得越有塑造性,不管是在职场上还是在个人生活中。

That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.

这意味着海洋中还有更大比例的鱼类正在被捕杀,因此现在和以前的数据真正的差别有可能比所记录的捕获量的变化更糟。

英语语法、句式、简单句子结构(透彻分析)

LESSON ONE 句子的三种模式 导言本课的重点是掌握英语的三种基本句型,注意词性和词序,以及定语的位置,同时注意中英文表达上的相同和不相同的地方。三种基本句型虽然简单,但至关重要。掌握好它们,在今后的学习中有一通百通之效。 ▲主+系动词+表 注:*注意该结构中的名词,它们能被定语修饰。 1 这个人是一个老师。The man is a teacher. 主语系表语主语系表语(名词) 2 他(是)很忙。He is busy. 主语系表语主语系表语(形容词) ▲注意中文中的系动词经常被省略,而英文中绝不能省。 3 她(是)在教室里。She is in the classroom.

主语系表语主语系表语(介词短语) ▲定语只修饰名词,不破坏句子的基本结构。通常由形容词和介词短语充当,形容词放在所修饰的名词之前,而介词短语放在所修饰的名词之后,请注意英语与汉语词序的不同。看懂中文的定语是翻译好定语的关键。 介词短语 ---英国法学家波洛克 介词短语 Happiness is a station -----------Pollock, British jurist 形容词介词短语 5 形容词介词短语 man is a teacher 介词短语形容词

6.教室里。 形容词介词短语 The teacher is handsome. My book is 表语(介词短语)定语(介词短语) She is 介词短语即可以做表语也可以做定语,虽然它们词性相同,但由于词序不同,它们所起到的作用也不同,当在is的后面是表语,跟在名词的后面它就起到定语的作用。 课堂练习 1 1是

大学英语语法结构分析

大学英语第三册语法结构分析 (译部分) 1.发言人明确表示总统在任何情况下都不会取消这次旅行。 The spokesman made it clear that the president would not 主谓语 Cancel (the trip) under any circumstances. 介状 2. 我们相信他所说的,因为他受过良好的教育,出身于受人尊敬的家庭,更重 要的是他为人可靠。 We believ e what he has said , because he is well-educated , comes 主谓主 from a respectable familly and what’s more , he is reliable. 3. 随后后发生的那些事件证明了我的猜疑是对的。 The subsequent events confirmed my suspicions once again. 谓 4. 在赛后举行的记者招待会上,这位足教练因该队表现不佳而向球迷们致歉。 At the press conference held after the game , the football coach apologized to the fans for his team’s poor performance. 5. 令我们吃惊的是,这位常被赞为十分正直的州长竟然是一个贪官。 To our surprise, the governor who had often been praised for his honesty tur ned out to be a corrupt official. 谓语 6. 有少数人得到了提升,在这同时却有数万个人被解雇。 A few workers were promoted , but meanwhile hundreds of workers were dismissed. 7. 如果有机会,约翰也许已成为一位杰出的画家。 Given the chance , John might have become an outstanding painter.

考研英语语法大全———自己总结

考研英语十二大基础语法体系 对于任何英语句子,要分析其结构,这样才能找到英语语言的规律。每种语言都有它的难点,汉语的难点在于汉语不是拼读语言,汉字很难写,而且有四种声调。其实,许多接触过多种外语的人都认为,英语的语法比法语、德语、俄语、日语等都简单,是最容易学的。著名语言学家乔姆斯基说过,语法是内生的、也就是随着语言的诞生而诞生的。因此,学习语法和学习语言是相辅相成的。 一、英语动词的时态 (一)英汉两种语言在时态表达方式上的差异: 英语的词类与汉语的不同。汉语词类形态稳定,比如“书”这个字,“一本书”、“三本书”都一样,没有词形变化。英语就不同了,book, books仅从词形上就能知道是单数还是复数。 动词是英语中变化最多、最复杂的词类。有人说,学好英语就是学好动词,此言甚是。同一个动作或状态分别在不同时间发生或存在,表达这个动作或状态的动词就要用不同的形式,这就是时态。 (二)英语动词的形式: 英语的时态是通过动词的变化来体现的。因此,了解动词的形式及其变化规律非常重要。英语的实义动词有以下五种形式: (1)动词原形:动词原形在句子中形式不变。主要用于主语为非第三人称单数的一般现在时,情态动词之后, 或根据语法规定必须用动词原形的其他情况。 (2) 一般现在时第三人称单数形式(简称现单三):主要用于主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时。 (3) 过去式:主要用于一般过去时。 (4) 现在分词:主要用于进行时态,或语法规定的其他情况。 (5) 过去分词:主要用于完成时态,或语法规定的其他情况。 动词一般现在时第三人称单数(现单三)的构成,见下表:

即某些字母组合的不规则动词有一定的规律。如:weep→wept, sleep→slept, sweep→swept 以上每个时间段中分别有四种状态:一般、进行、完成和完成进行。因此我们便有了四四一十六个时态。 态(一般、进行、完成、完成进行)。 比如在“They are doing their exercises.”这个句子中,动词由原形do 变成are doing 的形态,说明这个事情是发生在现在、并处于正在进行的状态当中,所以叫现在进行时; 在“They have done their exercises.”这句中,动词由原形do 变成have done的形态,说明这个事情是发生在现在、并处于完成的状态,所以叫现在完成时; 在“They always do their exercises.”中,动词用原形do 的形态,说明这个事情是发生在现在、并且是一般情况下永远如此,所以叫一般现在时。 在这三句话中,动词do 虽然用了不同的形态,其意义没有变化,而是事情发生的时间和状态变了。其余类推。 (三)时态详解 16个时态中,常用的有12个:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时。其他时态很少单独使用。 下面把各种时态的构成和用法做一个全面的介绍。

考研英语必备语法全突破——倒装

第四节倒装 倒装语序有两类: 全部倒装和部分倒装。 全部倒装:指谓语部分全部提到主语之前; 部分倒装:指谓语的一部分提到主语之前。 倒装语序常出现在下列情况中: 1. 为避免句子部分内容重复, 英语中常用倒装句,即: so (neither, nor)+be动词(助动My fater is an engineer; so is my husband. Jane didn't attend my class yesterday; nor did Torris. "John can't swim." "Neither can I.""约翰不会游泳。" "我也不会。" [提示]如表示赞同别人的陈述, so后面的部分不倒装。 "Jim is a good-swimmer." "So he is, and so is Dick." 2. 具有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时, 句子一般部分倒装,即将be动词、助动词或情态动词提到主语前。这类词或短语包括: not, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, by no means, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time,no sooner 等。 Never has my brother been abroad before. Hardly had I sat down when I heard someone knocking at the door. No sonner had he returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. At no time should you give up studying.在任何时候你都不应放弃读书。 [提示] (1)如果句首的否定词修饰主语, 是主语的一部分, 则句子不用倒装。 Scarcely a drop of rain fell last month. (2) as或though引导的让步状语从句常用倒装。一般将一些形容词、副词等置于句

英语单词,语法more than 结构用法小结

more than 结构用法小结 英语中more than 的用法比较复杂,它除了用于比较结构外,还可以与名词、形容词、动词或从句等连用,表达不同的含义。下面是more than 结构的一些常见用法 1. more than 结构后跟名词表示“不只是”;“不仅仅”等。例如: (1) However, we must consider more than the beginning of the motion. 然而,我们必须考虑的不只是运动的初始阶段。 (2) Peace is more than the absence of war. 和平不只是意味着没有战争。 2.more than 用来修饰形容词、分词和动词,表示所修饰的词份量不重或含义不够,而加以说明,译成汉语可为“非常”,相当于“very”或“much”。例如: (1) He is more than selfish. 他非常自私。 (2) He is more than happy about it. 他对此事极为高兴。 (3) I am sure conditions over there will more than satisfy your requirements. 我相信那边的条件会极大地满足你的要求。 3.more than 后接单数名词,谓语动词用单数。例如: (1) More than one person has been concerned in this. 这里涉及的不止是一个人。 (2) More than one member protested against the proposal. 不止一个成员反对这个建议。 4. more A than B 结构。用来比较两种说法的正确程度,即前一种说法(A项)比后一种说法(B项)要正确一些,表示“与其……不如……”。在这个句型里,more 后不能用形容词或副词的比较级形式,而要用原级形式,此外还可用名词、代词、动词、介词短语等。例如:(1) He is more good than bad. 与其说他坏不如说他好。 (2) It is more a poem than a picture. 与其说这是一幅画,不如说这是一首诗。 5. more than 或more... than 后接从句,可表示否定意义。例如: (1) The beauty of Hangzhou is more than words can describe. 杭州景色之美是说言所不能描述的。 (2) That is more than I can tell you,sir. 这一点我是不能告诉你的,先生。 (注意:在这种句型中,more than 后常接含有can 或could 的从句,表示“……不能”。)对于下列表示否定意义的句子,有的语法学家认为在than 后面省略了when,有的认为省掉了it,也有的认为than 用作关系代词,因而并无省略。这类句子在理解上并不困难,结构上变化也不大,从实用出发,可将其视为一种句型来学习。例如: a. You spent more money than was intended to be spent. 你花掉的钱比原计划的要多。(原计划要花的钱没有这么多。) b. This is more money than is needed. 这笔钱比需要的多。(需要的钱没有这么多。) c. We often advise him not to drink more wine than is good for his health.

考研英语必备时态语法全突破

考研英语必备:时态、语法全突破 来源:网络作者:复习指导发表日期:2006-8-26 9:01:31 阅读次数:17709 查看权限:普通文章 时态、语态需要掌握的要点: 1.以下几类动词一般不能用于进行时,同样不用于完成进行时: (1)表示感知的动词:hear, feel, notice, recognize, see, taste, smell; (2)表示意愿、情感的动词:desire, dislike, forgive, hate, like, love, prefer, refuse, wan t, wish, fear, love, hate; (3)表示思考、看法的动词:believe, doubt, expect, forget, hope, feel, mean, know, agree, realize, mind, recall, recollect, remember, trust, suppose; (4)表示所有、占有的动词:belong to, owe, own, possess, hold(容纳); (5)其他动词:cost, appear, concern, contain, consist, deserve, matter, seem. 如: I‘d say whenever you are going after something that is belonging to you, anyone who is depriving you of the right to have it is criminal. (1997年考研题, belong表示归属,不用于进行式) He was seeing somebody creeping into the house through the open window last night. (1990年考研题,see表示结果,不用于进行式) 2. 不用will/shall表达将来时的形式: (1)be going to表示现在的打算和意图; (2)arrive, come, drive, go, leave, retire, return, set off, start, take off等表示移位的动词的进行体表示按计划肯定要发生的将来动作; (3)be to (do)表示安排、计划、决定、命令或注定要发生的事,如: Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage is to be avoide d. (4)be about to (do)表示将要(做),如:

英语语法比较结构

知识模块12:比较结构<标准文本> 【考点概述】 比较结构是英语学习的一个难点,也是考研英语的易考点。该模块的学习重点是理清比较对象之间的关系,同时,这也是比较结构学习的一个难点。除此之外,还要把握住特殊形式的比较词,比如not so much…as…和no more…than…。 【考情分析】 在完型填空中,往往会就比较结构中的形容词、副词以及比较结构设置考点,解答此类题的关键是把握清楚比较结构中比较对象的关系并依托上下文语境,填入正确的词汇。 在阅读理解中,比较结构出现的频次很高,解答重点主要在于弄清比较对象,以及比较对象之间的比较关系,也就是分清楚作者对于比较对象之间的肯定和否定意味。要注意细节题及推断题中命题人据此设置的陷阱,如比较对象的张冠李戴。 在翻译中比较结构的考查较常见,而且往往是难点和失分点。考生需要在弄清比较对象及其比较关系的基础上,用通顺的语言将比较关系表达出来。有些固定表达的固定译法要记住,到时直接译出即可。 在写作题目中,利用比较结构可以丰富句式,但是要保证正确,以免出错而失分。比较结构虽然较难,但掌握起来也有规律,要讲究方法。我们可以将比较结构的处理总结为三步:⑴识别比较结构的标志词;⑵找出比较对象;⑶理解比较关系。只要按照这三步走,再结合本章知识点的讲解,学习和掌握比较结构就容易得多。 一、定义 形容词和副词的比较级运用于句子当中便形成了比较结构。 二、结构 比较结构种类较多,最主要的有两种:as...as结构和more...than结构。比较结构一定要分清楚比较对象,以及对于比较对象的肯定、否定关系。 (一)as...as结构 1.as...as结构的基本模式是:as +形容词或副词原级+ as,表达的基本意思为“……和……一样” 例1:He is as energetic as a young man. 他像年轻人一样充满活力。 例2:He considered her opinion as valuable as ours. 他认为她的意见和我们的一样有价值。 2. as...as的否定结构及其变体分别是not so/as...as和not so much/many...as…(该用法在意思上也等同于not so much…but…),表达的意思是“……不如……” 例1:John is not so bright as Bob. 约翰不如鲍勃聪明。 例2:She hasn’t written so many essays as her brother. 她写的文章不如她哥哥多。

历年考研英语语法完全版归纳

英语语法总结全集 名词和主谓一致 一、名词的分类 英语中名词主要可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。 1.可数名词 可数名词一般都有单复数。单数时,名词前可加不定冠词a/an;复数时,前面可加数词,名词本身要改成复数形式。 可数名词的复数有规则和不规则两种变化。规则的名词,只要在单数名词之后加“s”,“es”或去“y”加“ies”就行,如:an umbrella, twelve umbrellas;a factory, three factories。不规则的名词变化则要靠积累记忆,如:a mouse, ten mice;a policeman, six policemen。 有少数可数名词,如sheep,works(工厂),Chinese等,它们的单复数同形:a sheep, four sheep;a chemical works, five chemical works。 此外,还有一些可数名词只有复数形式,如clothes,trousers,cattle,police,people(人,人民)等。 英语名词中还有一些合成词,它们的复数形式有三种可能:1)后面的部分变成复数形式:grown-ups,boy students,grandchildren。2)前面的部分变成复数形式:passers-by,lookers-on,sons-in-law。3)前、后都变成复数形式:men doctors,women drivers。 2.不可数名词 不可数名词没有单复数的变化,前面也不能加a/an,或数词。但是我们可以用量词来表示不可数名词的数量,单复数表现在量词上,如:a piece of paper;two pieces of paper。 在有些情况下,不可数名词也可用a/an,表“一种”、“某种”的意思,如have a wonderful time,receive a good education,be made into a fine paper。 有时为了表示量大,不可数名词的后面也可加“s”,如sands,ashes,waters等。 但是我们在学习不可数名词的时候,特别要记住英语中有一些名词,它们无论在什么情况下,前面都不能用a/an,后面也不可加“s”,如weather,information,等。 3.有的名词既可是可数名词,也可是不可数名词 英语中有相当一部分的名词,既可以是可数,也可以是不可数,它们的意义有时略有不同,有时则完全不同。如:difficulty, success, time, work,paper,glass,等。 4.用于表示可数与不可数名词的数量“多”“少”的常用词和词组 跟可数名词连用的如:few, a few, many。 跟不可数名词连用的如:little, a little, much。 可数与不可数都能用的是:a lot of , plenty of。 二、主谓一致 1.通常被看作单数的主语部分 1)不定式、动名词和主语从句。 eg.. To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. What he said was different from what he did. 2)表示“时间”“距离”“金钱数量”的名词。 eg. Twenty years is quite a long time. 10 kilometers doesn’t seem to be a long distance to Mira. 300 dollars is too much for this old coin. 3)数学式子。 eg. Two plus five is seven. 4)书报杂志、国家、单位的名字。 eg. The Times is published daily. The United States is a big country. 5)前面用a kind of, a sort of或this kind of, this sort of等词组的名词。 eg. This kind of tree(s) often grows well in warm weather. 6)代词either, neither作主语。

英语语法-therebe结构用法

学外语的十条经验 1、学习外语一天也不能中断。倘若确实没有时间,哪怕每天挤出10分钟也行;早晨是学习外语的大好时光。 2、要是学厌了,不必过于勉强,但也不要扔下不学。这时可以改变一下学习方式;比如把书放到一边去听听广播,或暂时搁下课本的练习去翻翻词典等。 3、绝不要脱离上下文孤立地去死背硬记。 4、应该随时地记下并背熟那些平日用得最多的“句套子”。 5、尽可能‘心译’你接触到的东西,如一闪而过的广告,偶而听到的话语,这也是一种休息的方式。 6、只有经过教师修改的东西才值得牢记。不要反复去看那些做了而未经别人修改的练习,看多了就会不自觉地连同错误的东西一起记在脑了里。假如你纯属自学而无旁人相助,那你就去记那些肯定是正确无误的东西。 7、抄录和记忆句子和惯用语时要用单数第一人称,如“I am only pulling your leg"(我只是要戏弄你) 8、外语好比碉堡,必须同时从四面八方向它围攻:读报纸,听广播,看原文电影,听外语讲演,攻读课本,和外国朋友通讯,来往,交谈等等。

9、要敢于说话,不要怕出错误,要请别人纠正错误。尤为重要的当别人确实为你纠正错误时,不要难为情,不要泄气。 10、要坚信你一定能达到目的,要坚信自己有坚强不屈的毅力和语言方面的非凡才能…… What is in the classroom How many students are there in the classroom Where are 5 students There are not 5 students in the classroom. Are there 5 students in the classroom Yes, there are. No, there aren’t. Are you from Jinhua or Ningbo There are not 5 students in the classroom, aren’t there He is a teacher, isn’t he There be 结构用法 There be 句型归纳与练习 There be 句型

英语句子结构分析网站

英语句子结构分析 句子的划分 i. 根据结构划分:①简单句:s+v(主+谓) s+link-v+p(主+谓+表) s+v+o(主+谓+宾) s+v+o+o(主+谓+间宾+直宾) s+v+o+c(主+谓+宾+宾补) ②并列句 and, but, or等 ③复合句:名词从句(宾,主,表,同) 副词从句(状语从句) 形容词从句(定语从句) ii. 根据功能划分:陈述句 疑问句(一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反义疑问句,修辞疑问句) 祈使句 感叹句 一.五种句型 1. i am a webaholic.我是一个网虫。 chatting on the internet is interesting. 我喜欢网上聊天。 2. internet dating hurts.网恋有害。 3. i like chatting online.我喜欢网上聊天。 4. chatting on the internet brings me a lot of fun.网上聊天给我带来很多乐趣。 5. we can call internet addicts a webaholic.我们管网上一隐君子叫网虫。 ②保持某种状态:continue, keep, lie, remain, stand, stay. ③看起来,好像:appear, look, seem. ④感官动词:feel, smell, sound, taste. ii. 跟双宾语的动词 1、“七给”(give, pass, lend, write, show, send, hand)和“带”(bring)8个及物动词,在直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“to”。即“vt. + sth. + to + sb.” 如:he lent some money to me.类似动词的还有:get,mail,offer,owe(借),pay,promise,read,sell,take,teach等 2、“buy”(买);“draw”(画);“make”(制作)三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加“for”,构成“vt. + sth. + for + sb.”。 如:mother bought a new dress for me。类似的动词还有:build,choose, cook, cut, do, find, fix,leave,order(订购),reach等。 3、当直接宾语是代词时,间接宾语for和to于直接宾语之后 如:richard made it for him。理查德为他做的这个东西 give it to me。把它给我 4、有些动词后可单独用直接宾语、间接宾语或双宾语,如ask,teach,tell,owe, pay. i asked john. 我问约翰 i asked a question. 我问了一个问题 i asked john a question.我问了约翰一个问题 5、 suggest,explain,introduce,mention,deliver,announce等动词后必须跟介词to, 不能进行直接宾语与间接宾语的转换。

考研英语(一)核心词汇全突破【附高清视频讲解】(中)-P【圣才出品】

P 基础词汇 pace [n. 步,步伐,步调;速度 v. 踱步 【例句】He is pacing the floor nervously. 他在地板上紧张地来回踱步。【词组】keep pace with 跟上;与…齐步前进 set the pace 起带头作用 off the pace 在第一名之后 pack [n. 包;兽群 v. 捆扎;塞满;打包 【例句】Have you packed your things? 你的东西打好包了吗? 【词组】pack up解雇 pack away把…收起来放好 pack down填塞,夯实=tamp pack sth. out人挤满(电影院﹑剧院等) pack in(演员等)大量吸引(观众) pack it in 停止,结束,放弃(说或做某事) pack off 把…打发走 pack with 塞进,挤进

【助记】把狼pack(v.打包)到一起形成pack(n.狼群) 【派生】package n.包,包裹 packing n.包装;填充物 package [n. 包装,包裹,箱;包装费;标准部件,成套设备 vt. 把…打包,把…装箱 【例句】He carried a large package of books under his arm. 他在腋下夹了一大包书。【助记】pack(包裹)+age(总称,行为)→把…打包 packet [n. 小包裹,小捆;盒;一捆,一扎;邮船,班轮 【例句】The postman rang the bell because he had a packet to deliver. 邮递员按门铃叫门投递包裹。 【词组】make a packet赚大钱 cost (sb.) a packet 花(某人)一大笔钱 page [n. 页;一张(两面);记录,事件;专栏 v. 给…标页码;呼喊找人(在公共场所通过扩音器);作为侍者参加 【例句】Mr. Black is being paged. 有人在叫布莱克先生的名字要找他。 【词组】page in 置入分页;页入 pain [n. 痛,痛苦;[ pl.] 努力,劳苦 vt. 使痛苦

考研英语(一)核心词汇全突破(G)(认知词汇)【圣才出品】

认知词汇 garlic [5^B:lik] n. 大蒜,蒜头 adj. 有大蒜味的;用大蒜调味的 【例句】His breath smelt of garlic. 他呼出的气中有蒜味。 gallon [5^AlEn] n. 加仑 【例句】Gallons of the stuff is going to waste. 大量这种东西正在被浪费。 gasoline [5^AsEli:n] n. 汽油 【例句】The car is short of gasoline. 汽车的汽油不够了。 【助记】gas(气)+oli(看作oil油)+ne→汽油 gizmo [^IzmEU] n. 小玩意儿;小装置 【例句】That gizmo there is actually the key to move forward. 那个小东西实际上是继续前进的钥匙。 glacier [5^lAsjE] n. 冰河,冰川 【例句】Mr. Forster and his guide entered upon this portion of the glacier. 福斯特先生和他的向导进入了冰河地区。 【助记】glaci + er东西

gown [^aun] n. 女长服,礼服;长袍,法衣;睡袍 vt. 使穿睡衣 【例句】The girl is all the more beautiful in her wedding gown. 那个女孩穿着婚纱格外美丽动人。 grease [^ri:s] n. 油脂,动物脂,润滑脂 vt. 抹油,润滑 【例句】You put grease on a wheel to make it turn more easily. 把润滑油涂在轮子上使它转起来更灵活一些。 【词组】grease (someone’s) palm/hand向(某人)行贿 【助记】gre(联想:GRE考试)+(e)ase(放松)→考GRE的阿姨放松下来会发胖、长油脂。 guild [^ild] n. 同业公会,协会,行业协会 【例句】The Townswomen’s Guild is next to the Post Office. 城市妇女协会在邮局的旁边。 gum [^Qm] n. 树胶,口香糖,泡泡糖,胶水 v. 粘合 【例句】①There is gum on the back of a stamp. 邮票的背面有胶水。 ②His pocket was all gummed up with candy. 他的口袋全被糖粘住了。

考研英语必备语法全突破(第2版)

第一编考研必备语法精要速览 一、时态、语态 时态、语态需要掌握的要点: 1.以下几类动词一般不能用于进行时,同样不用于完成进行时: (1)表示感知的动词:hear, feel, notice, recognize, see, taste, smell; (2)表示意愿、情感的动词:desire, dislike, forgive, hate, like, love, prefer, refuse, want, wish, fear, love, hate; (3)表示思考、看法的动词:believe, doubt, expect, forget, hope, feel, mean, know, agree, realize, mind, recall, recollect, remember, trust, suppose; (4)表示所有、占有的动词:belong to, owe, own, possess, hold(容纳); (5)其他动词:cost, appear, concern, contain, consist, deserve, matter, seem。 如: I’d say whenever you are going after something that is belonging to you, anyone who is depriving you of the right to have it is criminal. (1997年考研题,belong表示归属,不用于进行式) He was seeing somebody creeping into the house through the open window last night. (1990年考研题,see表示结果,不用于进行式) 2. 不用will/shall表达将来时的形式: (1)be going to表示现在的打算和意图; (2)arrive, come, drive, go, leave, retire, return, set off, start, take off等表示移位的动词的进行体表示按计划肯定要发生的将来动作; (3)be to (do)表示安排、计划、决定、命令或注定要发生的事,如: Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage is to be avoided. (4)be about to (do)表示将要(做),如: Marlin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about to pay compliments to his political leaders. (5)be on the point /verge of (doing)表示“马上就要”,一般不与表示将来的时间状语连用; (6)be, begin, come, depart, get off, go, leave, return, start的一般现在时表示按日历或时刻表要发生的将来动作或事件,如: If you want your film to be properly processed, you’ll have to wait and pick it up on Friday, which is the day after tomorrow. (画线部分一般不用will be) (7)在时间、条件、让步从句中,一般现在时代替将来时,但要注意区别从句的类型,如: I don’t know where he will go tomorrow. 我不知道他明天去哪儿。(宾语从句) I’ll tell him when you will ring again. 我告诉他你什么时候再来电话。(宾语从句) 比较:I’ll tell him when you ring again.你再打电话时我告诉他。(状语从句) (8)在make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后的that从句中,谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时,如: See to it that you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time. (include 不能用will include或其他形式) 3.完成时是时态测试的重点,注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语: (1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句,主句用过去完成时。如: We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.

(精心整理)英语语法结构图完整

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