Module 3 The Violence of Nature Section Ⅲ Grammar 过去完成
时的被动语态和间接引语
语法图解
探究发现
①By the time it ended, more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700had been injured.
②By the late 1890s, he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane struck.
③Coghlan traveled back to Canada — after he had been buried in Texas!
④She says, “Tom was very kind.”
→She says that Tom was very kind.
⑤He asked, “Will you go to the party？”
→He asked whether/if I would go to the party.
⑥She asked me, “When do they have their dinner？”
→She asked me when they had their dinner.
⑦The teacher said，“About 70% of the earth’s surface is covered with water.”
→The teacher said that about 70% of the earth’s surface is covered with water.
[我的发现]
(1)②句采用了过去完成时，其构成形式为：主语＋had_done。
(2)①③句采用了过去完成时的被动语态，其构成形式为：主语＋had_been_done。
(3)④～⑦句均为直接引语变间接引语的句子，在变间接引语时，人称、时态、语序等
方面都要做相应的变化。
(4)由⑦句可知，若直接引语为客观真理，变间接引语时，时态不变。
一、过去完成时的被动语态
1．概念：过去完成时的被动语态表示动作在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已完成，且主语与谓语动词存在被动关系。
2．构成
(1)肯定结构：主语＋had been done
(2)否定结构：主语＋had not been done
(3)疑问句结构：????? Had ＋主语＋been done ...特殊疑问词＋had ＋主语＋been done
3．用法
(1)在told, said, knew, heard, thought, found 等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
He heard that the tickets had already been sold out .
他听说票已售完。
The newspaper reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the hurricane. 报纸报道说有一千多人在飓风中丧生。
[即时演练1] 完成句子 ①She told me that she had_been_dismissed by her boss.
她告诉我，她的老板已把她解雇(dismiss)了。 ②He said (that) he had_never_been_shown_around Paris.
他说从来没有人领他参观过巴黎。
(2)before, when, by the time, until, after, once 等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时，以及by, before 后面接过去的时间时，主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
By the time she was 13, my sister had been sent to America.
我姐姐13岁前就已经被送到美国了。
200 cars had been produced by the end of last year.
到去年年底，已经生产了200辆汽车。
(3) It was the first/second ... time that ...句中that 引导的定语从句中，主语与谓语构成动宾关系时，要用过去完成时的被动的语态。
It was the third time that he had been beaten black and blue.
那是他第三次被打得青一块紫一块的。
(4)在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去事实相反，且主语与谓语构成动宾关系时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。
If I had been invited earlier, I would have gone there.
如果早点儿邀请我的话，我就去那儿了。
[即时演练2]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①By the end of last year, 10,000 trees had_been_planted (plant) in that village.
②His village had_been_flooded (flood) in the heavy rain, so he moved to his parents’ house.
③He found that his wallet had_been_stolen (steal) on the bus.
④It was the second time that Tom had_been_punished (punish) so seriously.
(2)完成句子
①His newly written novel had_been_translated_into_English by the end of last month.
上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。
②Her homework had_not_been_finished when I got home.
我到家的时候，她的作业还没有完成。
③How many buildings had_been_destroyed when the hurricane ended?
飓风结束的时候，有多少建筑物被毁坏了？
二、间接引语
1．基本概念
直接引语表示直接引用别人的原话，通常都用引号括起来。间接引语表示用自己的话把别人的话转述出来。间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。
2．句式的转换
(1)陈述句的转换
(2)一般疑问句的转换
(3)特殊疑问句的转换
(4)选择疑问句的转换
用whether ... or ...表达，而不用if ... or ...也不用either ... or ...。
He asked，“Do you speak English or French？”
→He asked me whether I spoke English or French.
(5)祈使句的转换
He said, “Do it now and don’t put it off unti l tomorrow.”
→He told me to do it then and not to put it off until the next day.
[名师点津] 由直接引语转变为间接引语，下列情况时态不变：①不变的真理；②经常的习惯；③历史事件；④部分情态动词，如must, ought to, had better等。
[即时演练3] 句型转换
①“I like reading adventure stories，” said John.
→John said (that)_he_liked reading adventure stories.
②You have finished the homework, haven’t you？”my mother asked.
→My mother asked me whether_I_had_finished the homework.
③“Do you go to school by bus or by bike？”， he asked me.
→He asked me whether_I_went_to_school by bus or by bike.
④She asked John，“Where are you going for your summer holiday？”
→ She asked John where_he_was_going for his summer holiday.
⑤Don’t make any noise，” she said to the children.
→She told the_children_not_to_make any noise.
⑥He said, “Let’s go to th e film.”
→He suggested going_to_the_film.
→He suggested that they_should_go_to_see the film.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2015·北京高考改编)I truly believe that beauty comes from within.
2．(2015·福建高考改编)—I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
3．(2015·湖南高考改编)You have to know where you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
4．(2015·四川高考改编)The exhibition tells us why we should do something to stop air pollution.
5．If it had_been_repaired (repair) earlier, the printing machine would not have broken down.
6．At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement had_been_reached (reach).
7．By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had_been_completed (complete) in Beijing.
8．Experiments of this kind had_been_conducted (conduct) in both the U．S. and Europe long before the Second World War.
9．John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it had_been_damaged (damage) seriously.
10．－George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?
－No, I hadn’t_been_invited (not invite). Did they have a big wedding?
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．(2015·广东高考写作)Confronted with the misbehavior of her new class, Sally worked out 10 rules and asked the_students_to_follow_them.
面对她的新班级学生的不礼貌行为，Sally制定出十条规定并且让学生遵守。
2．(2014·重庆高考写作)With the gift, he included a letter, in which he told me that_he_had_made the paper cutting himself.
礼物中包括一封信，信中告诉我他自己做的剪纸。
3．(2014·湖北高考短文写作)Sensing my state of puzzlement, my teacher told me that_by_just_focusing_my_attention_on_small_things,_I can make a big difference.
觉察到我的迷惑，我的老师让我把注意力只集中在小东西上，我会有所作为。
4．Miss Wu asked Tom why_he_hadn’t_turned_off the light when he left.
吴老师问汤姆为什么走的时候不关灯。
5．Yesterday our teacher told us that light_travels_much_faster_than_sound.
昨天老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快得多。
6．This job proved to be much more difficult than the one I had_been_offered before.
这项工作被证明比以前我做的工作要难得多。
7．She told me that she_had_lived_there five years before.
她告诉我她5年前在那儿住过。
8．Book 3 had_been_finished_learning till last week.
第三册直到上周才学完。
Ⅲ.短文改错
All of us kn ow the old saying “Practice make perfect.” It tells us unless we want to realize our aim, we should practice, and one day we will make it. It’s easy to understand. Once I wanted to learn swimming. At first I found difficult to control my body. I just sank into the water. I feel very frightened. Then I watched others who were good at them and asked them the key to succeed. I went to the swimming pool every day, learned from them and practiced. A day, when my friend pushed me into the swimming pool, I sudden found that I could swim. How exciting I was! Now I can swim much more better than before.
答案：第一句：make→makes
第二句：unless→if
第五句：found后加it
第七句：feel→felt
第八句：第一个them→it; succeed→success
第十句：A→One; sudden→suddenly
第十一句：exciting→excited
第十二句：去掉more
高中英语学习材料 madeofjingetieji 盐城市龙冈中学牛津高中英语模块一测试题 命题人：程永华 第一卷(选择题，共75分) I.听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.How much is the skirt? A.$19.15. B.$9.15. C.$9.50 2.What are the two speakers doing? A.They are having a rest. B.They want to have dinner. C.They are hiking on a hill. 3.What does the man mean? A.He doesn't like Chinese food. B.He doesn't want to eat out. C.He wants to pay for the meal. 4.What did the man do yesterday evening? A.He had dinner with his friend. B.He visited a friend. C.He saw a film. 5.When does Mr Brown have to be at the airport? A.At 8:30. B.At 9:30. C.At 10:30. 第二节（共15小题，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6.What kind of color TV does the woman want to buy? A.A small one. B.A big one. C.A cheap one. 7.What's the man's opinion about buying a TV? A.The woman should buy a small one. B.The woman should buy a big one. C.The woman should buy a cheap one. 8.Why does the man give the woman such a suggestion? A.Because the big one is too expensive. B.Because she will have to change it in a few years. C.Because her sitting room isn't very big. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9.Where is the boy going to spend his holiday? A.In the city. B.In his hometown. C.Abroad. 10.What will he do there? A.Do some farm work. B.Study at home. C.Do some housework. 11.Which of the following is TRUE? A.The girl knows how to farm. B.The boy's grandparents don't live in the city. C.The boy's school is in the country. 听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。 12.What are the man and the woman looking for? A.A comfortable hotel. B.A modern hotel. C.A cheap hotel. 13.Where could the man and the woman find the hotel they need? A.Next to the bank. B.A two minutes' drive to the west. C.On the left side of the street.
a（an）一（个、件。。。） abandon 抛弃，放弃 ability 能力，才能 able 有能力的，能干的 be able to 能，会 abnormal 反常的，变态的 aboard 在（船、飞机、车）上，上（船、飞机、车） abolish 废除，取消 abortion 流产；（计划）夭折 about 大约；到处，四处 above 在。。。之上，上面的，在上面 abroad 到（在）国外 abrupt 突然的，意外的；粗鲁的，无礼的absence 不在，缺席 absent 缺席，不在；缺乏的 absolute 绝对的；完全的注意：副词拼写为absolutely absorb 吸收；吸引 abstract 抽象的；深奥的概要 absurd 荒谬的，不合理的 abundant 丰富的，充裕的 abuse 滥用，虐待 academic 学院的，理论的大学教师 academy 专科院校；研究院，学院 accelerate加速；促进 ▲accent 口音，音调 ▲accept 接受 access 通路，入门接近；存取 accessible易接近的，可到达的 ▲accident 事故，意外的事 accommodation 膳食供应；适应 accompany 陪伴，伴随；伴奏 accomplish 完成，实现 account 账目，描述 accountant 会计员（师） accumulate 积蓄；堆积，增加 accuracy 精确性，精确度 accurate 正确的，精确的 accuse 控告，谴责 accustomed 通常的，习惯的 ache 痛，疼痛 achieve 达到，取得 ▲achievement 成就，功绩 acid 酸的，讽刺的，刻薄的 acknowledge 承认，致谢acquaintance 相识，熟人 acquire 获得，学到 acquisition 获得（物） acre 英亩 across 横过，穿过 act 法令，条例（戏）表演，扮演（角色），演出，行动，做事 ▲action 行动 active 积极的，主动的 ▲activity 活动 actor男演员 actress 女演员 actual 实际的，现实的 acute 敏锐的，尖锐的，急性的 AD 公元 ad 广告 adapt 使适应；改编 adaptation 适应，改编 add 添加，增加 addicted 沉迷于某种嗜好的 addition 增加；加 ▲address 地址 adequate 适当的，足够的 adjust 调整，使适合 adjustment 调整，调节，调节器administration 管理，经营，行政部门 admirable令人钦佩的，绝妙的 admire 钦佩，羡慕 ▲admission 准入，接纳 ▲admit 承认，准许（入场，入学，入会）adolescence 青春期 adolescent 青少年 adopt 采用；收养 adore 崇拜，爱慕；喜爱 ▲adult 成年人 advance 推进，促进，前进前进，提升 ▲advantage 优点；好处 adventure 冒险；奇遇 advertise 为。。。做广告 ▲advertisement 广告 ▲advice 忠告，劝告，建议 advise 忠告，劝告，建议 advocate 提倡，鼓吹 affair 事，事情 affect 影响 affection 爱，爱慕，影响，疾病
牛津高中英语必修一单词 Unit 1 attend 出席,参加 assembly集会，会议 earn 获得，赚，赚得 respect 尊敬 achieve 取得，实现 grade 学分，年级，等级 literature 文学 average 一般的，普通的，平均的challenging 具有挑战性的lunchtime午餐时间 e-mail 电子邮件，给。。。发电子邮件for free 免费 extra 额外的，外加的 cooking 做饭，烹饪 prepare 准备 drop 放弃 Spanish 西班牙语 German 德语，德国人 woodwork 木工手艺 miss 思念，想念 dessert （餐后的）甜点 field 运动场，操场 experience 经历，体验 article 文章 penfriend 笔友 introduce 介绍 immediately 立刻，马上 former 从前的，以前的 recently 最近，近来 culture 文化 develop 培养，养成 photograph 照片，相片 donate 捐献，捐赠 gift 赠品，礼物 display 陈列，展览 kindness 好意，善意 guest 客人，来宾 speech 演说，演讲 flat 套房 bookcase 书橱，书柜
attention 注意，关注 pay attention to 对。。。注意 please 使满意，取悦 title （书的）名称，（文章的）题目dynasty 朝代，王朝 cover （书的）封面，盖子 back cover （书的）封底 recent 新近的，最近的 professor 教授 regret 遗憾，抱歉，后悔，惋惜 inform 通知，告知 run 管理，经营 host 主持人，主人，东道主 approve 批准，通过，赞成 broadcast 广播，播放 preparation 准备，筹备 close 亲密的，靠近的 outing 短途旅行，远足 continue 继续，持续 poet 诗人 generation 一代，一代人 poem 诗，诗歌 select 选择，挑选 require 要求，需要 scary 让人恐慌的，吓人的 nature 自然，大自然 Unit 2 act n.（戏剧的）一幕；vi.表现，行动vacation (美)假期；休假 curtain 窗帘，（舞台上的）幕布surprise 使吃惊，使惊奇 be supposed to 应该……,应当……bend 弯腰，屈身，（使）弯曲 touch 触摸，接触 do with 处理，处置 trash 垃圾 explain 解释，说明 mess 混乱，杂乱，一团糟 sink 水池，水槽，洗碗槽 garbage 垃圾 can 罐子，金属容器
高一英语期中复习基础题选编（1） Ⅰ.语法填空 1．Bill’s mother was always telling him of the dos and don'ts，but it didn’t ________. A．use B．work C．stop D．promise 2．He was obviously annoyed，for he was not used to ________ like that. A．speaking B．spoken to C．being spoken D．being spoken to 3．Zhang Hua is clever and works hard at his lessons.________. A．So is Li Ming B．So does Li Ming C．It was the same with Li Ming D．So it is with Li Ming 4．I must have been a great________to my parents in those hard days，for I never failed to live up to their expectations. A．achievement B．comfort C．disappointment D．support 5．Good amounts of sleep every night ________also important for your health. A．is B．are C．was D．were 6．Even if I had taken part in the 400－meter relay race in the sports meet，our class________ the race.I’m ________ weight this year. A．would not have beaten；putting on B．might not have won；gaining C．cannot have defended our title；losing D．must not have achieved；acquiring 7．Teenagers ________ their health because they play computer games too much. A．have damaged B．are damaging C．damaged D．will damage 8．What you told me the other day is really true，________？ A．isn’t it B．isn’t what C．didn’t you D．wasn’t it 9．In the amusement parks，all the people love their jobs，________ might be not popular but are quite interesting regardless. A．which B．what C．that D．where 10．—Alice，you feed the bird today，________？ —But I fed it just now. A．do you B．will you C．don’t you D．didn’t you 11．In the past few years，My Heart Will Go On was a popular song among young people，________ were often heard singing it at parties. A．who B．which C．they D．that 12．________ is known to all，he is admitted to a key university. A．It B．What C．Which D．As 13．—Most of my classmates failed in the first exam.It seems there is no hope for us to make any progress.
高中英语重难点归纳 情态动词（语气或者表推断），冠词和数词（比较级，最高级），不定代词也要掌握 虚拟语气（一般考动词的正确时态）。 名词性从句和形容词性从句（一般考引导词）。 副词性从句 强调句和 it 的用法（判断强调句选出正确的代词） 倒装句（谓语的正确形式）完全倒装不完全倒装 省略句 7被动句 定语从句和状语从句（引导词的区别及运用） 主谓一致常考难题 时态语态，。 非谓语的考察（难） 知识要点：形容词或副词 形容词或副词在浙江英语高考卷中考到三次。对于形容词和副词， 学生首先应该掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。热点预测：学生重 要掌握两个即可：一是在下面这些半系动词sound，taste ，smell ，look ，feel ，seem，appear ，stand ，fall，remain，keep，get，grow，become，turn等后面常跟形容词作表语。二是掌握名词前多个形容词的顺序问 题，一般表主观形容词，如新旧大小长短是否漂亮这些形容词在前，表 客观形容词，如颜色材料质地本质形容词在后面。 知识要点：替代词的用法 为使表达简洁明了，我们常用it，one，ones，that，those等替代词来替代前面已经出现的名词。从近几年的高考英语情况来看，考查替代词的用法和区别一直是一个热点。 用法指南： 1) 替代泛指的单数名词，通常用one 。
2) 替代特指的单数名词，可用 it ，that ， the one 。( 替代不可数名词时，不能用the one ，而要用 it或that。替代人时，或有前置定语或后置定语修饰时，只能用the one 。) 3) 替代泛指的复数名词，通常用 ones 。 4) 替代特指的复数名词，通常用the ones。 知识要点： what 的用法 What 在代词中属难掌握的词汇之一，也是高考英语的重量级词汇。一方面由于该结构及意义表现出明显的汉英差异; 另一方面，高考在命题时不断使题干结构复杂化，这在很大程度上增加了题目的难度。热点预测： What 用在主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句中应充当成分，做主语、宾语或表语等 ,但是不能用在定语从句中。 知识要点；虚拟语气 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 与现在事实相反的假设 与过去事实相反的假设 与将来事实相反的假设从句主句 If + 主语 + 助动词的过主语 + should/would/could/might+ 去式（ were, did, had ）动词原形 If + 主语 +had+过去分词主语+should/would/could/might +have+过去分词 ①If+ 主语 + 动词过去主语+ should/would/could/might+ 式动词原形 ②If+ 主语 +were to+动 词原形 ③If+ 主语 +should+ 动 词原形 (注意不能是 would) 例句 If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam. If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. If it were to rain tomorrow, we would put off the sports meeting. If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday. 虚拟语气 (2)——虚拟语气在名词从句中 1.在由 suggest, demand, require, request, insist, order, command, propose 等表示建议、请求、命令、愿望等动词或其同根词引出的名词从句中，名词从句虚拟句的谓语变化的形式只有一条
2018年高考英语必背单词分类汇总（实用）时间词一、一周七天 1. Monday 2. Tuesday 3. Wednesday 4. Thursday 5. Friday 6. Saturday 7. Sunday 时间词二、一年十二个月 1. January 2. February 3. March 4. April 5. May 6. June 7. July 8. August 9. September 10. October 11. November 12. December 时间词三、一年四季 1. spring 2. summer 3. autumn 4. winter 四、容易拼写错的数字 1. eighth第八 2. ninth第九 3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二 5. twentieth第二十 五、亲属称呼 1. daughter (女儿) 2. niece (女性晚辈) 3. nephew (男性晚辈) 4. cousin (同辈兄弟姐妹) 5. aunt (女性长辈) 6. uncle (男性长辈) 六、以下动词加-ed或-ing要 双写最后一个字母 1. regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔 2. control (controlled, controlling) 控制 3. admit (admitted, admitting) 承认 4. occur (occurred, occurring) 出现 5. prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿 6. refer (referred, referring) 提到 7. forget (forgetting ) 忘 记 8. permit (permitted, permitting)允许 9. equip (equipped, equipping) 装备 注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写（英国英 语）也可不双写（美国英语） 七、部分过去式和过去分词不 规则变化的动词 1. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播 2. flee (fled, fled) 逃跑 3. forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止 4. forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅 5. freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰 6. hang (作“绞死”讲，是 规则的；作“悬挂”讲，其过 去式过去分词都是hung) 7. lie (作“说谎”讲时，是 规则的；作“位于”讲时，其 过去式是lay，过去分词是 lain) 8. seek (sought, sought) 寻 求 9. shake (shook, shaken) 发 抖 10. sing (sang, sung) 唱歌 11. sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉 12. spread (spread, spread) 传播 13. swim (swam, swum) 游泳
2019-2020年牛津译林版高中英语必修一Unit 1《School Life》 （Project）教案 【教学目标】 1.to arouse students’enthusiasm for developing after-class activities and forming a school club; 2.to gain the general idea of how to make an attractive poster for the club; 3.to strengthen students ability of putting theory into practice; 4.to guide students to cooperate effectively through group work. 【教学重点】Have students discuss and learn to finish a project by working tog hter 【教学难点】Students should search and find information, and do some writing and drawing by themselves 【教具】Multi-media projector Are you impressed by the soft background music? Step 2 Attract Your Eyes & Grasp Your heart Do you want to experience
(2) Tom in sch ool. e than five courses this term. Jack is no more diligent than John. 杰克和约翰都不勤奋。
第一讲定语从句 一关键词 定语从句：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 先行词：定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。 关系词：关系词用来引导定语从句。关系词有关系代词和关系副词之分。关系代词有that, which, who，whom，whose，as等；关系副词有when，where，why等。 关系词可以1) 代替先行词；2) 引导定语从句；3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。 例如：The car which my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.句中，the car 为先行词；which是关系词引导是定语从句which my uncle had just bought，同时代替先行词the car在定语从句中作主语。 1.关系代词引导的定语从句 who指人，在定语从句中作主语。 whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。 which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可省略。 that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 whose 通常指人，有时也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 Note: whose指物时，常用of which结构来代替： 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词要和先行词的性、数保持一致。 注意：which和as引导非限制性定语从句时，有时并没有特定的先行词，而是代表前面说的整个情况。这时which和as 被看作单数，译作“这一点”，其后的谓语动形式用单数形式。如：He said he was a Frenchman，which／as was not true. 但须注意，as引导的这种定语从句可置于主句之前，which引导的这种定语从句只置于主句之后。如：As is known to all，China is a socialist country. China is a socialist country, as/which is known to all. 2.关系副词引导的定语从句 when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。 注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。 介词+关系代词 1)根据动词选择介词。I don't know the foreigner with whom my teacher shook hands.（或I don't know the foreigner whom my teacher shook hands with.) Note: who和that不能直接位于介词后作宾语；有的短语动词是不能拆开的，常见的这类短语有：look for，look after等。
高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析Unit1-2 ☆重点句型☆ 1. What should a friend be like? 询问对方的看法 2. I think he / she should be…表示个人观点的词语 3. I enjoy reading / I'm fond of singing / I like playing computer games. 等表示喜好的词语 4. Chuck is on a flight when suddenly his plane crashes. “when"作并列连词的用法 5. What / Who / When / Where is it that...? 强调句的 特殊疑问句结构 6. With so many people communicating in English everyday, ... “with+宾语+宾补”的结构做状语 7. Can you tell me how to pronounce...? 带连接副词 (或代词)的不定式做宾补的用法 ☆重点词汇☆ 1. especially v. 特别地 2. imagine v. 想像 3. alone adv. / adj. 单独，孤独的 4. interest n. 兴趣 5. everyday adj. 每天的，日常的 6. deserted adj. 抛弃的 7. hunt v. 搜寻 8. share v. 分享 9. care v. 在乎，关心 10. total n. 总数 11. majority n. 大多数 12. survive v. 生存，活下来 13. adventure n. 冒险 14. scared adj. 吓坏的 15. admit v. 承认 16. while conj. 但是，而 17. boring adj. 令人厌烦的 18. except prep. 除……之外 19. quality n. 质量 20. favourite adj. 最喜爱的 ☆重点短语☆ 1. be fond of爱好 2. treat…as…把……看作为…… 3. make friends with 与……交朋友 4. argue with sb. about / over sth. 与某人争论某事 5. hunt for寻找 6. in order to为了 7. share…with与……分享 8. bring in引进；赚钱 9. a great / good many许多…
M1U1S C H O O L l i f e i n t h e U K Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me. I was very happy with the school hours in Britain because school starts around 9 a.m. and ends about 3.30 p.m. This means I could get up an hour later than usual as schools in China begin before 8 a.m. On the first day, all of the new students attended an assembly in the school hall. I sat next to a girl whose name is Diane. We soon became best friends. During the assembly, the headmaster told us about the rules of the school. He also told us that the best way to earn respect was to devote oneself to study and achieve high grades. This sounded like my school in China. I had many teachers in the past year. Mr. Heywood , my class teacher, was very helpful. My favorite teacher was Miss Burke—I loved the lessons that she gave in English Literature. In our class there were 28 students. This is about the average size for British schools. We had to move to different classrooms for different classes. We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names. I found the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in
高一英语重点语法总结与归纳 高一英语时态语法知识点：现在进行时 1.表示现在 (说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。 [例句] He is reading a newspaper now. 2.表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作 (说话时动作不一定正在进行)。 [例句] What are you doing these days? 3.表示说话人现在对主语的行为表示赞叹或厌恶等,常与always, constantly, continually等副词连用。 [例句] He is always thinking of others. 4.表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。常限于go, come, leave, start, arrive等表“移动”“方向”的词。 [例句] He is coming to see me next week. 高一英语时态语法知识点：过去进行时 1.表示过去某时正在进行的动作。 [例句] He was sleeping when Mary came to see him. 2.动词go, come, leave, arrive, start等的过去进行时常表过去将来时。[例句] She said she was going to Beijing the day after tomorrow. 高一英语时态语法知识点：一般现在时 1.表示现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常与usually, always, sometimes, often, every day / week / month / year等时间状语连用。[例句] He often does his homework in his study.
ability 能力 able 有能力的 about 大约 above 在……上面abroad 出国，在国外accept 接受 accident 意外事故according to 根据 ache 疼痛 across 穿过 act 行动 action 行动 activity 活动 actor 男演员 actually 真的 add （增）加 address 地址 adult 成年人 advice 建议，劝告 advise 建议，劝告 afford 承担得起；买得起afraid 害怕；担心 after all 毕竟 afterward 之后 again 再一次 against 反对；对抗 age 年龄 agree 同意 ahead 向前 aid 帮助 aim 目标 air 空气 airline 航空公司 airport 飞机场 allow 允许 almost 几乎 alone 单独 along 沿着 aloud 大声地 already 已经 also 也 although 虽然 altogether 总共；一起always 总是 among 在（三个以上）之间 angry 生气的 animal 动物 another 再一，又一 answer 回答 anxiety 焦虑 anxious 焦虑的 any 任何 apologize 道歉 apology 道歉 appear 出现 apply 申请，应用appreciate 喜欢；欣赏；感激April 4月 area 地区 argue 争论 argument 争论 arm 胳膊 army 军队 around 在周围 arrive 到达 art 艺术 artist 艺术家 article 文章 as if = as though 仿佛，好像 as long as 只要 as soon as 一…就… ask 问 asleep 睡着的 at least 至少 at present 目前 at last 最后 attend 参加 attention 注意 attitude 态度 attract 吸引 audience 观众 author 作者 August 8月 aunt 姑；姨 autumn 秋季 只供学习与交流
一、用单词的正确形式填空 1. The trip was much more ________(enjoy) than I had expected. 2. We prefer some more ________(experience) workers to work for us. 3. He tried many ways of ________(earn) money and in the end he became a businessman. 4. The new dress makes her more ________(respect). 5. ________(devote) herself to her family, she felt she had lost herself. 6. Much to his ________(satisfy), his son was admitted to Peking University. 7. My husband does all the ________(cook) at home, which makes me very pleased. 8. Thanks for your advice and ________(encourage)． 9. He found his new job a little ________(challenge)． 10. The students are working hard every day, in ________(prepare) for the big examination. 二、选择适当的单词或短语填空 1. use to/be used to (1) He ________ going to bed at 10 o'clock every night, which was good for his health. (2) Today's children are not like what we ________ be. They are much more confident. 2. because/because of (1) The sports meet was finally put off ________ the bad weather. (2) Many people do exercise every week, ________ they have realized the importance of good health. 3. prepare for/prepare (1) Last Sunday, I gave our house a thorough cleaning and then ________ a wonderful meal and cooked a special dish for my wife. (2) When people moved to a new country, they have to first ________ the new surroundings(环境)． 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 我丢了那本红封面的书。 I lost the book ________ ________ is red. 2. 对东京来说，赢得2020年夏季奥运会举办权是一件非常成功的事情。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ for Tokyo ________ ________ the right to host the 2020 Summer Olympic Games. 3. 一完成家庭作业，他就去打篮球。 ________ ________ his homework, he went to play basketball. 4. 她是一位如此受人尊敬的老师以至于我们都爱她、尊重她。 She is ________ ________ a teacher ________ all of us love and respect her. 5. 经历这不同的生活方式我很幸运。 I was very ________ ________ ________ this different way of life. 四、单项填空 1. She devoted all her time and energy to ________ the little child. A. look after B. looking after C. looked after D. looks after 2. While you are away, we will keep you ________ of the latest development of the project in time.
a（an）一（个、件…）abandon 抛弃，放弃 ability 能力，才能 able 有能力的，能干的 be able to 能，会 abnormal 反常的，变态的 aboard 在（船、飞机、车）上，上（船、飞机、车） abolish 废除，取消 abortion 流产；（计划）夭折 about 大约；到处，四处 above 在…之上，上面的，abroad 到（在）国外 abrupt 突然的，意外的；粗鲁的，无礼的 absence 不在，缺席 absent 缺席，不在；缺乏的absolute 绝对的；完全的注意：副词拼写为absolutely absorb 吸收；吸引 abstract 抽象的；深奥的概要absurd 荒谬的，不合理的abundant 丰富的，充裕的 abuse 滥用，虐待 academic 学院的，理论的大学教师academy 专科院校；研究院，学院accelerate加速；促进 ▲accent 口音，音调 ▲accept 接受 access通路，入门接近；存取accessible易接近的，可到达的 ▲accident 事故，意外的事accommodation膳食供应；适应accompany 陪伴，伴随；伴奏accomplish 完成，实现 account 账目，描述 accountant 会计员（师）accumulate 积蓄；堆积，增加accuracy 精确性，精确度 accurate 正确的，精确的 accuse 控告，谴责 accustomed 通常的，习惯的 ache 痛，疼痛 achieve 达到，取得 ▲achievement 成就，功绩 acid 酸的，讽刺的，刻薄的acknowledge 承认，致谢acquaintance 相识，熟人 acquire 获得，学到acquisition 获得（物） acre 英亩 across 横过，穿过 act 法令，条例（戏）表演，扮演 （角色），演出，行动，做事 ▲action 行动 active 积极的，主动的 ▲activity 活动 actor男演员 actress 女演员 actual 实际的，现实的 acute 敏锐的，急性的 AD 公元 ad 广告 adapt 使适应；改编 adaptation 适应，改编 add 添加，增加 addicted 沉迷于某种嗜好的 addition 增加；加 ▲address 地址 adequate 适当的，足够的 adjust 调整，使适合 adjustment 调整，调节，调节器 administration 管理，经营，行政部 门 admirable令人钦佩的，绝妙的 admire 钦佩，羡慕 ▲admission 准入，接纳 ▲admit 承认，准许（入场，入学， 入会） adolescence 青春期 adolescent 青少年 adopt 采用；收养 adore 崇拜，爱慕；喜爱 ▲adult 成年人 advance 推进，促进，前进前进， 提升 ▲advantage 优点；好处 adventure 冒险；奇遇 advertise 为…做广告 ▲advertisement 广告 ▲advice 忠告，劝告，建议 advise 忠告，劝告，建议 advocate 提倡，鼓吹 affair 事，事情 affect 影响 affection 爱，爱慕，影响，疾病 afford 负担得起（…的费用）；抽 得出（时间）；提供 afraid 害怕的；担心 ▲Africa 非洲 ▲African 非洲的，非洲人的 after 后来在…之后，在…后面 afternoon 下午，午后 afterward 后来 again 再一次；再，又 against 对着，反对 age 年龄，时代 ▲agency 代理（处），中介 agenda 议程 agent 代理（商） aggressive 侵略的；咄咄逼人的 ago 以前 agree 同意；应允 ▲agreement 同意，一致；协定， 协议 agricultural 农业的 ▲agriculture 农业，农学 ahead 在前，向前 aid 援助；救护；辅助器具，帮助 AIDS 艾滋病 aim 目的，目标计划，打算；瞄准， 针对 air 空气；大气 aircraft 飞机 airline 航空公司，航空系统 airmail 航空邮件 airplane （美）飞机 ▲airport 航空站，飞机场 airspace 空间，领空 alarm 警报警告 album 集邮册，照相簿 alcohol 酒精，酒 alcoholic 含酒精的酒鬼 algebra 代数 alike 相同的，相似的 alive 活着的，存在的 all 全部地全部所有的；总；整 全部；全体人员 allergic 过敏的；变态的 alley 巷，小径 allocate 分配，分派 ▲allow 允许，准许 allowance 津贴，补助；允许 almost 几乎，差不多 alone 单独的，孤独的 along 向前，和。。。一起，一同沿 着；顺着