同位语从句讲解
是名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)中的主要从句之一，从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释，相当于一个表语从句，它们之间的关系是同位关系，即主表关系。
详细信息一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。
1. 名词作同位语
Mr Wang, my child’s te acher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。
2.短语作同位语
I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.
我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。
3. 直接引语作同位语
But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”
但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？”
4. 句子作同位语
The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.
巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。
同位语从句用法同位语部分是个句子,就是同位语从句,这种用法比较"固定"
一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。
I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether，连接副词how, when, where等。（注：if, which 不能引导同位语从句。）
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。同位语从句-引导词
同位语从句的引导词，引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。
1. 连词that引导同位语从句
（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略）
The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语）
【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。
【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。
He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人
2. 连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）
The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. 我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。
【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。
其它引导词引导的同位语从句
连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which引导同位语从句
1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。（what作定语）
2).I have no idea which wine is best—it’s a matter of personal taste.我不知道哪种酒最好，这是个人口味的问题。（which作定语）
3).The question who will take his place is still not clear. （who作主语）
4. 连接副词引导同位语从句连接副词when, where, how, why
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vaca tion.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
同位语从句-相关语法
一、同位语从句在句中的位置
1.一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词(如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等)的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。
I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。
2.有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。
The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。
二、同位语从句前名词的数
同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？
三、同位语从句的语气在suggestion，advice，request，order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。
四、同位语从句的先行词
同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词，常见的有：idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, news, order, ability等等。
How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn't feel the new clothes in him? 皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣，对这个问题骗子是怎样解释的?
代词it可用作同位语从句的先行词。这个it常放在某些动词或短语动词后作宾语，同时兼作其后that 同位语从句的先行词。
I owe it to you that I am still alive. 幸亏你，我现在还活着。
有的语法学家把先行词it后的that从句看作是动词或介词的真正宾语。一般认为，这种it后的that 从句应看作it的同位语，因为它相当于“主语+be+表语”结构。
You must se to it that the children don't catch cold.(=You must see to it, and It is that the children don't catch cold.)你要当心，别让孩子们着凉了。
1．意义的不同
同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来：
We are glad at the news that he will come. 听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。(news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句)
We are glad at the news that he told us. 听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。(that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句)
2. 引导词的不同what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。
3. 引导词的功能上的不同
that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。
4. 被修饰词语的区别
同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限，通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等，而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。另外，when和where 引导定语从句时，通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词，而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定；又如why引导定语从句，它通常只修饰名词the reason，而它引导同位语从句时则不一定：
I have no idea when they will come . 我不知道他们什么时候来。(同位语从句)
I’ll never forget the days when I lived there.. 我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。(定语从句）
同位语从句-特殊形式
1.间隔同位语从句
同位语从句通常是跟在它解释或说明的名词后，但有些情况下，由于句子结构的原因，同位语从句不紧跟在名词后，而被其他的词隔开。
A warm thought suddenly came to me that I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday
简析：由于that从句太长，为避免句子失去平衡，此处用了间隔同位语从句
2.suggestion,request和order等名词后的同位语从句用虚拟语气。
She made a request that the doctor(should)be sent for at once.她请求立即请医生来。
简析：suggestion，order，request，proposal，requirement，command，advice，proposition和recommendation 等名词后接同位语从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用“(should+)动词原形”的形式，其中should一词可省略。
3.短语及固定句式后的同位语从句
I will come on condition that John is invited.如果约翰也被邀请的话，我就来。
简析：短语On condition, on supposition, on the ground(s), on the understanding, with the exception, in spite of the fact, on the assumption及句式There be+no doubt(hope, chance, possibility,…)后的that从句为同位语从句。
练习
一．单选
1. His success was because of ________ he had been working hard.
A. that
B. the fact which
C.the fact that
D.the fact
2."Is Mary from New York City " "I don't know _______."
A. from what city does she come from
B. from what city she come
C. what city does she come from
D. what city she comes from
3.________ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. What
B. That
C. Whoever
D. Whatever
4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.
A. because I got
B. because of getting
C. I got
D. that I got
5. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.
A. while
B. that
C. if
D. for
6. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.
A. did he do that
B. he did that
C. he did
D. he has done so
7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.
A. how he is getting along
B. how is he getting along
C. what he is getting along
D. what is he getting along
8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.
A. however
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. whenever
9. He asked me ________ with me.
A. what is the trouble
B. what wrong was
C. what was the matter
D. what trouble it is
10. I am sure ________ he said is true.
A. that
B. about that
C. of that
D. that what
11. When and why he came here ________ yet.
A. is not known
B. are not known
C. has not known
D. have not bee
12.I wonder how much ________.
A. does the watch cost
B. did the watch cost
C. the watch costed
D. the watch costs
13. Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.
A. afraid of
B. afraid about
C. afraid that
D. afraid for
14.________ is no reason for dismissing her.
A. Because she was a few minutes late
B. Owing to a few minutes late
C. The fact that she was a few minutes late
D. Being a few minutes late
15. They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer.
A. that not all things can be done
B. because of not all things be done
C. being not all things can be done
D. because not all things can be done
16. Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless.
A. for
B. because
C. since
D. that
18."Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang "
"Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to."
A. which the room
B. which room
C. what was the room
D. what room was it
19. Output is now six times ________ it was before liberation.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. of which
20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house.
Carol: Yes. Because she's always saved ________.
A. what little she earns
B. how little she earns
C. for little she earns
D. with little she earns
21._______ surprised me most was ________ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.
A. That...what
B. What...that
C. That...which
D. What...which
22. We gave him ________ help we could.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. this
23. She is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you have told him.
A. that
B. which
C. all what
D. all that
24. Excuse me would you please tell me ________
A. when the sports meet is taken place
B. when is the sports meet going to be held
C. when is the sports meet to begin
D. when the sports meet is to take place
25. Do you happen to know ________
A. what size shoes he wears
B. how big shoes he wears
C. what is the size of his shoes
D. what number shoes are his
26. This book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.
A. how you have observed
B. how what you have observed
C. that you have observed
D. how that you have observed
27. Where do you think ________
A. has he gone
B. has he been
C. he's gone
D. was he
28. Do you know ________
A. how many populations there are in the world
B. how much population there is in the world
C. how many the population of the world is
D. what the population of the world is
29. Would you go and see ________ outside
A. what to take place
B. what Tom has happened
C. what is happening
D. what the matter had been
30. The subject of "What is interesting is that I do not even know him." is_______.
A. what
B. interesting
C. What is interesting
D. I
31.________ I think he is Charles.
A. Who do you think he is
B. Do you think who he is
C. Whom do you think he is
D. Do you think who he is
32. He didn't know which room ________.
A. they lived
B. they lived in
C. did they live
D. did they live in
33. The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him.
A. that
B. which
C. whatever
D. no matter what
34. The city is no longer ________.
A. what it is
B. that it used to be
C. which it was
D. what it used to be
35. My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. all what
36.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.
A. If...do
B. That...do
C. If...does
D. That...does
37.________ was the idea _______ the wife thought of
A. What...that
B. That...what
C. How...why
D. Why...how
38._______ did he tell his wife ________ he wished to do
A. That...what
B. What...that
C. Where...which
D. Which...where
39.One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.
A. what that
B. that what
C. that which
D. which that
40. I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.
A. if
B. that
C. whether
D. which
41."Do you know ________ " "His father is a doctor."
A. what is his father
B. who is his father
C. what his father is
D. who his father is
42. Is this ________ we met each other two years ago
A. place
B. place in which
C. where
D. place which
43. It ________ Bob drives badly.
A. thinks that
B. is thought what
C. thought that
D. is thought that
44.We all know the truth ________ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.
A. where
B. wherever
C. that
D. that wherever
45. They discussed ________ they could settle the problem without others' help.
A. if
B. that
C. what
D. whether
46. She asked ________.
A. what I was doing when she rang me up
B. what was I doing when she rang me up
C. when she rang me up what I was doing
D. when did she ring me up what I was doing
47. - May I borrow the ring
- You can take _______ you like.
A. no matter what
B. which
C. whichever
D. that
48. He said that he was fond of ________.
A. what beautiful is
B. what is beautiful
C. beautiful is what
D. what it is beautiful
49. He insisted that he ________ in good health and _______ to work there.
A. was, be sent
B. is, is sent
C. be, was sent
D. be, send
50. Do you know ________ he expects will give us a talk
A. who
B. whom
C. that
D. whose
51. It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.
A. if
B. that
C. whether
D. how
52. They would have fixed the telephone yesterday _________ it was a holiday.
A. except
B. except for
C. except that
D. but for
53.________ is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad.
A. Whichever is hard
B. No matter what is hard
C. What is hard
D. All what is hard
54.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.
A. That
B. What
C. How
D. Which
55. As the day was fine, I made the suggestion ________ for a walk in the park.
A. we go
B. we will go
C. should we go
D. that we go
56.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.
A. What, what
B. What, that
C. That, that
D. That, what
57.____ you don't like him is none of my business.
A. What
B. Who
C. That
D. Whether
58. You can't imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited
B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they
D. they were how excited
59.____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If
B. Whether
C. That
D. Where
60________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.
A. What … that
B. That … what
C. Why … that
D. If … what
61._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.
A. That
B. Why
C. How
D. Who
62._______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.
A. When
B. Why
C. What
D. That
63._______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.
A. If
B. Where
C. That
D. What
64._______he won't go there is clear to all of us.
A. How
B. What
C. Why
D. This
65._______you come or not is up to you.
A. What
B. If
C. Why
D. Whether
66._______makes mistakes must correct them.
A. Who
B. Anyone
C. Whoever
D. Anybody
67._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.
A. Which
B. That
C. If
D. How
68.Three days later, word came ________our country had sent up another man-made satellite.
A. which
B. when
C. that
D. where
69.The problem is ________will go to the meeting.
A. why
B. when
C. what
D. who
70.It looks _______ it were going to rain.
A. even if
B. as if
C. even though
D. like
71.That is _______ he likes the place so much.
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. how
72.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.
A. what
B. where
C. that
D. why
73.We thought _______ strange that Tom did not come yesterday.
A. that
B. it
C. this
D. what
74.The fact _______ she had not said anything surprised all of us.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. how
75.What I'm considering now _________ the money we need.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. was
76.Can you tell me __________
A. who is that gentleman
B. that gentleman is who
C. who that gentleman is
D. whom is that gentleman
77.________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone
B. The person
C. Whoever
D. Who
78. It is well known _________ a person eats causes changes in the body.
A. that what, when, and how
B. that
C. what
D. how
79. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.
80. Jack was soon told ________ he did was not necessary.
A. why
B. that
C. how
D. why what
81. We should think carefully about ________ Mr. Needham said at the meeting.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. X
82. Can you point out ________ two radios are the best
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. whether
83. You will easily know ________ video recorders (录相机) are the same.
A. what those
B. that of those
C. that all of
D. which of those
84. ________ you have seen things like these before doesn't matter.
A. If
B. Whether
C. What
D. When
85. I asked her in English ________ she was, and she told me ________ she was an actress.
A. who…that
B. who…X
C. what…X
D. how…that
86. She took it for granted ________ I'd be back home an hour ago.
A. that
B. whether
C. if
D. when
87. We think it possible ________ the local government will be able to solve the housing problem.
A. for
B. that
C. when
D. how
88. Now there is a danger ________ the ground may fall in (沉下) under the heavy traffic.
A. whether
B. if
C. X
D. that
89. At that time I had no idea ________ I could hand it to him without being seen.
A. if
B. how
C. which
D. that how
90. Last Sunday he promised ________ today, but he hasn't appeared yet.
A. that he would come
B. that he will come
C. he will come to see me
D. whether he would come
91. Last Sunday he made a promise ________ he was free he would take me to Qingdao.
A. if
B. that
C. that if
D. whether
92. Do you have any idea ________
A. when Miss Smith will arrive
B. when will Miss Smith arrive
C. how will Miss Smith arrive
D. why hasn't Miss Smith arrived
93. I have almost forgotten ________.
A. how Mr. Taylor's like
B. what Mr. Taylor's face is like
C. what Mr. Taylor's face is
D. which Mr. Taylor's face is like
94. The true value of life is not in ________, but ________.
A. how you get …that you give
B. which you got what you give
C. what you get …what you give
D. what do you get…what do you give
95. Do you know ________
A. what is this used for
B. what this is used for
C. which this is used
D. that this is used for
96. ________ surprised me most was ________.
A. That…that she spoke Japanese so well
B. What…how could she speak Japanese so well
C. What…that she spoke Japanese so well
D. That…why she could speak Japanese so well
97. ________ is to dance.
A. That interests Mary really
B. Which really interests Mary.
C. What really interests Mary
D. What really interest Mary
98. We were greatly amused by ________.
A. what you have told us
B. which you had told us
C. what you told us
D. that you told us
99. These computers are different from ________.
A. that we expected
B. what we expected
C. which we have expected
D. what we expect
100. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.
A. That…that you had expected
B. What …that you had expected
C. That…wha t you had expected
D. What…what you had expected
二．单选
1. I have no idea ________ Mr. Brown returned
home
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. who
2. They raised the question ________ we were to get so much money.
A. that
B. what
C. where
D. whether
3. I have no idea ________ has happened to him.
A. when
B. what
C. why
D. that
4. The problem ________ he will start is unknown.
A. when
B. that
C. what
D. who
5. I don’t have any idea ________.
A. what does the word “infinity” mean
B. what the word “infinity” means
C. what the meaning of the word “infinity”
D. what the word “infinity” mean
6. Where did you get the idea ________ I could not come？
A. whether
B. that
C. if
D. what
7. They were all very much worried over the fact ________ you were sick.
A. that
B. if
C. whether
D. why
8. Along with the letter was his promise ________ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. whether
9. He always works hard even if he knows the fact ________ he is not in good health.
A. what
B. whether
C. if
D. that
10. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ________ a cure for AIDS will be found.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. whether
11. The question ________ the manager should resign must be decided soon.
A. whether
B. that
C. when
D. who
12. We are not looking into the question ________ he is worth trusting.
A. what
B. that
C. whether
D. where
13. I made a promise ________ anyone set me free, I would make him very rich.
A. that although
B. that if
C. whether if
D. which whom
14. That question ________ we need it has not been considered.
A. that
B. how
C. where
D. whether
15. The order ________ we should send a few people ________ the other groups was received yesterday.
A. that; to help
B. whether; help
C. that; helped
D. whether; helping
高中英语同位语从句讲解及练习 同位语从句讲义及练习 一、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质 在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上 为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。 例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。 析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。 二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句 1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略） 例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。 析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。 2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"是否"的含义，应用whe】ther 引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句） 例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加"是否"的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。 3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"等含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。 例1：I have no idea when he will be back.
名词性从句专项复习 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词that，whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which,连接副词：when, where, how, why, wh- ever 名词性从句连接词的选用 一、that 和what的选用： that 和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。 二、if 和whether 的选用 不能使用if 的情况： a. 主语从句句首 b. 表语从句，同位语从句 c. if引起歧义 d. 介词后的宾语从句 e. 与to do连用 f .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if 三、其它连接代词和副词的连用 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。 四、引导词that 的省略 that 可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略 that不可省略的情况：a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句e.并列的宾语从句中，后几个从句的引导词that 不能省略 五、同位语从句的引导和辨别 1.同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词+ 从句 2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice等. 3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句. 4.中心词是“意见、建议、命令”从句要用虚拟（should）do 六、同位语从句和定语从句的区别 1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语。从句中that充当成分，做宾语时可省略。 2.同位语从句表明中心词的具体内容。that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略. 判断从句类型 七、宾语从句的时态呼应 1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态. 2. 如果主句时态是过去式，从句要改成相应的过去式 八、it做形式主语 常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名词+ that从句（2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句 （3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句（4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句 名词性从句专项练习
10级A班第六组作业 同位语从句 一、同位语从句的概念在复合句中用作名词的从句叫同位语从句, 其主要用途就是对前面的名词做进一步解释说明该名词的具体内容。 可以跟同位语从句的名词通常就 是: news,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message ,suggestion,word, possibility,order,fear,proof,belief,advise,demand,problem,request,truth,wish 例句: I just got word that he is not coming this evening 、 Wehaven 't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summervacation 、The Mona Lisa is widely seen as proof that good looks can last for ever There is no doubt that he is guilty 、 There is great doubt whether he did so or not 、 二.同位语从句的先行词同位语从句的先行词通常就是抽象名词, 常见的有:idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, news, order, ability 例句: 等等。How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn't feel the new clothes in him? 皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣, 对这个问题骗子就是怎样解释的? The news that his heath is failing made us sad 、 她健康状况不佳的消息使我们很难过。 I have no idea where they are spending their holidays 、我不知道她们在哪里度假。 The question who should do the work requires consideration 、谁该干这项工作的问题需要考虑 There is no doubt that he will come here again 、她会再来这里, 这就是毫无疑问的。He was tortured by the doubt whether he would accept their presents 、她被就是否接受她们的礼物这个疑虑所折磨着。 三.同位语从句的引导词 1、连词that 引导同位语从句 The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong 、您认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法就是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语） He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane 她拿起了手提箱, 给人的印象就是她要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 以下名词常用于以上句型: advice, announcement, argument, belief, claim, conclusion, decision, evidence, explanation, fact, feeling, hope, idea, impression, information, knowledge, message, news, opinion, order, probability, promise, proposal, remark, reply, report, saying, statement, suggestion, thought, treat, warning, wish, word
同位语从句讲解与练习 1定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句，用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句。 2.连接词：that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。引导同位语从句时一般都不省略。if一般不引导同位语从句that, whether不作成分，whether表示“是否” E.g. They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句，在句中作成分。 E.g. The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。 We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。 3.可跟同位语从句的名词或短语 不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句，常可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有： belief doubt explanation hope idea news opinion possibility statement thought wish truth fact question promise problem reply report suggestion advice fear warning understanding feeling rumor certainty probability on condition on the understanding with the exception in spite of the fact E.g. Daniel will be allowed to make a trip to China on condition that he gets an A in all his school subjects. 4同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1）that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别 句法功能上 that引导的同位语从句that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。 that引导的定语从句that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。 意义上 同位语从句是被修饰名词的内容。定语从句起限定作用，是定语。 如： The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。 The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。 2）wh-类词引导的两种从句的区别 who, whom, whose, when, where, why 引导定语从句，它们分别指前面先行词所表示的人、物、时间、地点、原因，否则为同位语从句。在同位语从句中，wh-类词表示疑问。
同位语从句。 一. 同位语从句定义。 在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词/先行词后面，用以说明该名词/先行词表示的具体内容。 二. 同位语从句的名词/先行词。 1．可以跟同位语从句的名词/先行词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等（一般的“抽象”名词都可用）。 例：I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 2. 在某些名词（如demand,wish,suggestion,resolution等）后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气 例：There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 3．有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词/先行词后面，而被别的词隔开。 The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city． 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。 三. 同位语从句的引导词。 1.连词that引导，引导同位语从句的that不能省略，which不能引导同位语从句。 例：The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong. 你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。 2. 连词whether引导，if不能引导同位语从句。 例：The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. 我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。 3.其它引导词引导，连接代词what,who,whom,whose，引导同位语从句。 1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。 2).The question who will take his place is still not clear. 问题谁来接替他的位置还不是很明朗。 4. 连接副词when,where,how,why 引导。 例：We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 四. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 1. 意义的不同。 同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来： We are glad at the news that he will come. 听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。（news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句） We are glad at the news that he told us. 听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。（that从句是限制the news的内容的，即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news，故that从句为定语从句） 2.引导词的不同。 what,how,whatever 等可引导同位语从句，但不引导定语从句。Which可引导定语从句但不引导同位语从句。3. 引导词的功能上的不同 that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例that he told us中的that就充当told的宾语。 4. 被修饰词语的区别。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别（配练习与答案） 一、复习定语从句 1.定义：该句子在复合句中作定语，像形容词一样起修饰作用。 2.特点：1)用陈述句语序。2) 去掉从句主句仍是一个完整的句子。 3.位置：位于所修饰的名词之后，该名词叫做先行词。 4.引导词：1）关系代词： a) 在从句中可做主语，宾语，定语。 b) 分为：先行词为人：who(主，宾)，whom(宾)，whose(定), that（主，宾） 先行词为物：which(主，宾), that（主，宾）,whose（定） eg：The lady who is standing behind Tom is my sister. This is the book which I bought yesterday. c) 关系代词在从句中作宾语常常省略。 2）关系副词：a)在从句中作状语。 b)分为：when , where, why eg：He came last night when I was out. 新内容： 1.词类：同从的名词只能是抽象名词;定从可是名词也可是代词 I can’t stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly. His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 2.性质：同从对前面的抽象名词进一步解释说明;定从对先行词进行修饰和限制。 The news that our team has won the game was true. The news that he told me yesterday was true.
同位语从句句型 同位语从句是雅思写作中非常常用的另一种从句，与其前面所修饰名词形成同位关系。 1 I have a dream that one day，all roads will be made plain. 2 We hold this truth to be self－evident that all men are created equal. 3 Some people hold the opinion that the Internet is a curse. 4 Museums play a role of education for the simple reason that they provide people with a good opportunity to have a deeper understanding of their own country‘s tradition and cultures. 二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，possibility, theory, sense, conclusion, news, experience, evidence, proof, condition, law, doubt等。 雅思写作语法篇之---表语从句 表语从句是雅思写作中非常常用的另一种从句，可构成各种句型。 1 The first thing to be mentioned is that 2 Another point to be considered is that 3 The last thing to be shown is that 4 The first advantage of (doing) something is that 5 Another advantage of (doing) something is that 6 The third advantage of (doing) something is that 7 The first disadvantage of (doing) something is that 8 Another disadvantage of (doing) something is that 9 The third disadvantage of (doing) something is that 10 The first possible reason is that 11 Another cause is that 12 The third element is that 13 The first measure to be taken is that 14 Another solution is that 15 The third step is that 16 That is why 17 Why…is that… 18 A hot topic discussed by people is whether 19 A is to B what C is to D 20 A is to B as C is to D 21 My view is that… An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create any pollution. 使用太阳能的优点是它不会产生任何污染。 . The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us. 我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。 . There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.
同位语从句 ◆◆◆辨认同位语从句 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。一个名词（或其它形式）对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。 1. 名词作同位语 Mr. Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。 2. 短语作同位语 I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。 3. 直接引语作同位语 But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多利早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？” 4. 句子作同位语 The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。 ◆◆◆同位语从句用法 一、同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 ①可以跟同位语从句的抽象名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。（承诺信息主意是事实；疑问想法与问题；希望消息建议是潜力。） I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 ②在某些名词表“建议，命令，要求等”(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形；should可省） There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 ③同位语从句前名词的数：同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？ 二、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether,连接代词what，who。连接副词how, when, where等。（注：if, which 不能引导同位语从句。） 1. 连词that引导同位语从句（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略） The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语） 【注意】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。 He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 2. 连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）
同位语从句专项训练 一．判断下列句子是定语从句还是同位语从句。 1.The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. The news that you told us is really encouraging. 2.The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical. The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. 3.The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody． The fact that we talked about is very important． 4.Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed. Do you know the place where he was born? 二．请用适当的词填空，使下列句子意思完整。 1. They expressed the hope _______ they would come over to China soon. 2. The fact _______ he didn’t see Tom this morning is true. 3. Word has come _______ some American guests will come to our college for a visit next week. 4. He can’t answer the question _______ he got the money from his home yesterday. 5. Do you have any idea _______ is actually going on in the classroom? 6. The problem _______ we should have the meeting in the hall now must be decided at once. 7. I have no idea __________ he will be back． 8. He must answer the question ___________ he agrees to it or not. 9.Several years later,word came __________ Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them． 10. I have no impression __________ he went home, perhaps by bike. 三. 改错题。(每句都有一个错误) 1. Our team has won the game, that made us very happy. 2. I’ve come with a message from Mr Wang how he won’t be able to see you this afternoon. 3. He must answer the question if he agrees with what she said or not. 4. I’ve read the book where you gave me the day before yesterday. 5. One of the men held the pinion when what the book said was right. 6. The fact why she works hard is well known to us all.
— 同位语从句 一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如： 1. 我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 I heard the news _________ our team had won． 2. 我不知道你在这里。 I had no idea ___________ you were here． 二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。如： 我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 * 3. I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message ____________ he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that, whether，连接副词 how, when, where等。（注：if, which不能引导同位语从句。）如： 4. 我不知道他什么时候回来。 I have no idea __________ he will be back． 5. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。 He must answer the question ___________ he agrees to it or not. 四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如： 6. 几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。 ， Several years later，word came __________ Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．7. 他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。 The thought came to him __________ maybe the enemy had fled the city． 五、同位语从句与定语从句的区别。 1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如： The news that I have passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的。 （同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。） The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。 】 （定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。）
同位语从句 1.什么是同位语从句？ 在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。 例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. 他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。 析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。 2.引导词有哪些？怎么用？ 同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how等词引导。 补充： when，where 和 why 引导的定语从句和同位语从句之区别： when , where 和 why 作关系副词引导定语从句时，有跟它们含义相应的先行词，且先行词在从句中充当一定成分。当 when , where 和 why作连接副词引导同位语从句时，则没有与它
们含义相应的先行词。所以，只要看先行词就可以判定了，若先行词和引导词关系密切，就是定从；只是修饰关系，就是同位语从句。 试比较： I'll never forget the day when ( = on which ) we met for the first time . ( 定语从句 ) I have no idea when we met for the first time ( 同位语从句 ) The office where ( = in which ) you work is here . ( 定语从句 ) Then arose the question where we were to get so much money . ( 同位语从句 ) The reason why ( = for which ) he did not come is quite clear . ( 定语从句 ) Xiao Wang has solved the problem why the TV was out of order . ( 同位语从句 ) 以上例句中 when , where 和 why 作关系副词引导定语从句时，可以改为“介词 + 关系代词 which”来引导；而引导同位语从句的 when , where 和 why 就不能这样改。 由此可知，why引导的若是同位语从句，先行词就不会是reason或其同义词；若是reason 或其同义词作先行词，就一定是定语从句。所以，只要看先行词就可以判定了。 性质上不同 同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有一定内涵的名词；而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词，主句的一部分或是整个主句。如: The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed. （同位语从句） We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.（同位语从句） Word came that he had been abroad.（同位语从句） Our team has won the game, which made us very happy.（定语从句） The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.（定语从句） His mother did all she could to help him with his study.（定语从句,代词all作先行词） 2. 从性质上区别 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴。如: The news that our team has won the game was true.（同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息.） The news that he told me yesterday was true.（定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语） I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. （同位语从句,补充说
英语同位语从句用法详解 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）中的主要从句之一，也是中学英语学习中的重点语法知识点之一。在使用同位语从句时，应注意以下五个方面： 一、同位语从句在句中的位置 1. 一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message 等）的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。例如： The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。 I've come from Mr Wang with a message that he won't be able to see you this afternoon. 我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。 2. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。例如： The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home. 她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。 The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again. 据说他高考又落榜了。 二、同位语从句前名词的数 同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词（word除外）加以修饰。例如： Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？ Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening. 答应我，你今天晚上要来参加我们的晚会。 Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15，2003. 消息传来，中国于2003年10月15日首次成功发射了载人飞船。 三、同位语从句连接词的选用 在英语中，引导同位语从句的词通常有连词（that，who，whether），连接副词（how，when，where）等。例如：
同位语从句讲解与练习． 同位语从句讲解与练习 1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。 2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact,
news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。如： They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ Early in the day came the news that
Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether 引导。如：I have no idea whether he'll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语 从句。 The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。． We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个 问题我们还没有决定。