主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词that，whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which,连接副词：when, where, how, why, wh- ever
名词性从句连接词的选用
一、that 和what的选用：
that 和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。
二、if 和whether 的选用
不能使用if 的情况：
a. 主语从句句首
b. 表语从句，同位语从句
c. if引起歧义
d. 介词后的宾语从句
e. 与to do连用 f .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if
三、其它连接代词和副词的连用
主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。
四、引导词that 的省略
that 可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略
that不可省略的情况：a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句e.并列的宾语从句中，后几个从句的引导词that 不能省略
五、同位语从句的引导和辨别
1.同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词+ 从句
2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice等.
3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句.
4.中心词是“意见、建议、命令”从句要用虚拟（should）do
六、同位语从句和定语从句的区别
1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语。从句中that充当成分，做宾语时可省略。
2.同位语从句表明中心词的具体内容。that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.
判断从句类型
七、宾语从句的时态呼应
1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.
2. 如果主句时态是过去式，从句要改成相应的过去式
八、it做形式主语
常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名词+ that从句（2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句
（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句（4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句
班级：姓名：评分：
一、用that或what填空
1.______ he wants is a book.
2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious.
3.The result is ______ we won the game.
4.This is _____ we want to know.
5.Is _____ he told us true ?
6.We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying.
7. I have no doubt _____ he will come.
8. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon.
9._____ has made China_____ it is now?
10. we can’t get seems better than we have .
11.A computer can only do you instructed it to do .
12.He became so angry he couldn't speak .
13.There is the city we visited last year .
14.There is no doubt the price of cars will go down .
15.None of us has a clear idea the others want to do .
16.Do he or she tells you to do .
17. he did surprised us .
18. he did so surprised us .
19.This is all I know.
20.This is I know.
二、用if 或whether填空
1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.
2.______ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.
5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.
6. The question is _______ he should do it.
7.The doctor can hardly answer the question______ the old man will recover soon.
8. I don’t kn ow _______ to go.
9.______ you are not free tomorrow, I’ll go without you.
10.It depends on she will come.
11.I have no idea he will be back .
12.We must stick to our promise or no .
13. It is valuable ,I can't say .
14.I don’t know he is lying or not.
15. I didn’t know to go home or stay at home..
三、用适当的连词填空：
1.__ _ you don’t like him is none of my business.
2.______ we’ll go camping depends on _____ it will be fine tomorrow.
3._____ she comes or not makes no difference.
4.The question is ____ it is worth doing.
5.There is some doubt ____he will come./ There is no doubt ____he will come.
6.____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
7._____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
8.It is said that the famous football star is not willing to play for ______ would pay him
three million dollars a year.
9.It was about 600 years ago ____ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was
made.
10.Go and get your coat. It’s ____ you left it.
11.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _____ I disagree.
12.--- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
--- Is that _____ you had a few days off?
13.I remember ____ this used to be a quiet village.
14.---Do you remember____ he came? --- Yes, I do, he came by car.
15.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____ he or she wants
16._____we can’t get comes better than ____ we have.
17.A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do.
18.It is pretty well understood ____ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the
atmosphere today.
19.A modern city has been set up in _____ was a wasteland ten years ago.
20.Do you have any idea ___ is actually going on in the classroom?
21.See the flags on the building? That was_____ we did this morning.
22.America was ____ was first called “India” by Columbus.
23._____ troubles me most is _____ I don’t know how to calm the sick old man.
24.I think it is ____ you are working yourself too much.
25.The reason ____ I plan to go is ____ she will be disappointed ____ I don’t.
26.Danby left word with my secretary ____ he would call again in the afternoon.
27.Do _____ you think is right, ________ they say.
28.It’s known to us _______ there is pollution, there is harm.
29.He made a promise ________ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.
30.It was at the very beginning ___ Mr. Fox made the decision ___ we should send more
firefighters here.
31.I would appreciate ___ if you call back this afternoon for the doctor’s appointment.
32、It is very exciting _____ we win the game.
33、What we feel excited is ______ we win the game.
34、We are excited about news _____ we win the game.
35、The news Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.
36、The news he told me yesterday is true.
37、The news he told me is that Mike would go abroad next year
38、The news Mike would go abroad next year is told by him.
39、She expressed the hope they would come to visit Shanghai again.
40、The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit Shanghai again
41. I can’t decide ____________ dictionary I should buy.
42. That’s ____________ he refused my invitation.
43. I am very interested in ____________ he has improved his pronunciation in such a
short time.
44. ____________ we need is more time.
45. The fact ____________ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.
46. _________ and _________ they will meet has not been decided yet.
47. Please tell me ____________ you are waiting for.
48. Is that ____________ you are looking for?
49. Would you please tell me ____________ the nearest post office is?
50.News came from the school office _______Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
四、语法填空：
It is known to us 1 once Tom and Ann were 2 affectionate （恩爱的）couple. But to our surprise, 3 broke up two years ago. 4 made them part company（分手）was 5 Tom was 6 absorbed in his business 7 he overlooked（忽略）his wife sometimes. I felt it was a pity, 8 （hope ）that they would reconcile（和好）. So yesterday 9 I heard the news 10 they lived together again, I felt very happy.
请把你的答案填在下列横线上：
1、2、3、4、5、
6、7、8、9、10 、
参考答案
一、用that或what填空
1. What
2.That
3.that
4.what
5. what
6.what
7.that
8.
What 9.what, what 10. what , what 11.what 12.that 13 .that 14.that 15. what 16.what
17.What 18. That 19. That 20.what
二、用if 或whether填空
1.if / whether
2.Whether
3. Whether
4.Whether
5.Whether
6.Whether
7.Whether
8.Whether
9.if 10.whether 11.whether12.whether 13.whether 14.whether 15.whether
三、用适当的连词填空：
1. That
2. Whether, whether
3. whether
4. whether
5. whether
6. It
7. Whoever
8.whoever
9. that 10. Where 11. where 12. why 13. when 14. how 15.whatever
16.What, what 17. what 18. what 19.what 20. What 21. what 22. what 23. What, that 24. because 25. why, that, if 26.that 27. what, whatever 28.that where 29. that if 30.that, that 31. it 32-40全部填that 41. which; 42. why; 43. how;4 4. What; 45. that; 46. when, where; 47. who(m); 48. what; 49. where; 50. that
四、语法填空：
It is known to us that once Tom and Ann were an affectionate恩爱的couple. But to our surprise, they broke up two years ago. What made them part company was that Tom was so absorbed in his business that he overlooked his wife sometimes. I felt it was a pity, hoping that they would reconcile. So yesterday when I heard the news that they lived together again, I felt very happy.
状语从句练习题 1.I had been looking for the book for two days____ I found it at last. a.until b. when c. before d. while 2.He punished his students ____ they did anything wrong. a.however b. whenever c. whatever d. whichever 3.Those passengers will wait here____ the bus arrives. a.until b. because c. though d. as 4.Hardly had we reached home ____ it began to rain. a.before b. than c. as soon as d. when 5.No sooner had we arrived at the cinema___ the film began. a.than b. before c. when d. as soon as 6.You can’t watch TV ____ you’ve finished your homework. a.since b. until c. as d. after 7.We had scarcely left our school____ the rain began. a.before b. than c. while d. when 8.We have never seen her again_____ she went to work in another city. a.when b. as c. since d. while 9.____ the fight stopped, travel across the country has been quite safe. a.Since b. When c. After d. Unless 10.They were just about to leave____ the telephone rang.
【宾语从句】 在英语中，有简单句(只含一个谓语动词)、并列句(用连词连接，含不止一个谓语动词)和复合句(含从句)。本节课我们复习复合句里面的宾语从句 ．．．．。 如：She knows that he will come back soon. I’m afraid that I can’t go to your party. 1.宾语从句的【引导词】 宾语从句的引导词分三种。 ●(1) 如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that.（that在口语中常省略） 主句：He says... 从句：He is tired of playing computer games. → He says that he is tired of playing computer games. ●(2) 如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether，表示“是否”。 主句：I don’t know… 从句：Does Tom likes fish? → I don’t know if / whether Tom likes fish. 【注意】① whether引导的从句常与or not连用，而if不能； ②宾语从句可简化为whether to do的搭配，而没有if to do这种搭配. 如：Could you tell me whether I should finish my homework today or not? Could you tell me whether to finish my homework today? 【拓展】if有两个意思： 1. 表示“是否”，引导的是宾语从句。动词的时态视情况而定。 2. 表示“如果”，引导的是条件状语从句，时态用一般现在时表示将来（遵循“主将从现”规则）。 经典例题：--Do you know if Tom ____________(go) hiking with us ? --I’m not sure. But i f he ____________(go), I will take many photos with him . ●(3) 如果从句是特殊疑问句，直接用该疑问词来引导。 主句：Do you know… 从句：what does he want to buy? → Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗？ 2. 宾语从句的【时态】 ■(1) 当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态 如：She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。 Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？ ■(2) 当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去的某时态 如：He said that she was singing. 他说她正在唱歌。 She wanted to know if I had finished my homework. 她想知道我是否已经完成了作业。 Did you know when he would come back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？ 【注意】格言和客观真理总是用一般现在时。 如：She told me yesterday (that) the earth travels around the sun.
高中英语状语从句练习题 1. ____ he took part in the competition, he won a second prize. A. For the first time B. At a time C. At one time D. The first time 2. After the war，a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre. A. that B. where C. which D. when 3. I would appreciate it _______ you call back this afternoon for the doctor’s appointment. A. until B. if C. when D. that 4. I had just started back for the house to change my clothes _____ I heard the voices. A. as B. after C. while D. when 5. The class went on with the story _____ they had left it before the holiday. A. where B. which C. in which D. when 6. The company has a free long-distance telephone number _____ customers may call with any questions they have about its products. A. although B. as C. even if D. so that 7. --- Is Mr. Smith in the office? --- Yes，________ he is in charge of the office，he must be there. A. since B. however C. whether D. for 8. Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up ________ I could answer the phone. A. as B. since C. until D. before 9. --- Don’t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages. --- Oh, yes. ________ others are weak, he is strong. A. If B. When C. Where D. Though 10. The day must be breaking, _____ the birds have begun singing. A. because B. as C. for D. since 11. John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out ________ he phones. A. as long as B. in order to C. in case D. so that 12. ____others say, the expert is sure that his theory is correct A. No matter B. It doesn’t matter C. Whatever D. What 13. Many places are flooded by heavy rainfalls, so they can’t walk _______ they like these days. A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever 14. His father began to work ______ his childhood. A. since B. before C. as early as D. while 15. The roof fell _____ he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.
英语语法：名词性从句语法讲解 时间：2016-10-08作者：来源：精品学习网 笔者在此就名词性从句中的几大易错点进行分析，希望对同学们有所帮助。 [关系代词和关系副词的误用] 例1 （2016·全国卷Ⅰ） My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. 解析 that→where。本题考查宾语从句，引导词在从句中充当地点状语，所以将that改为where。 例2 （2015·全国卷Ⅱ） As natural architects， the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 解析 how。根据语境和空后的形容词thick可知应用how引导宾语从句，此处表示要弄清楚到底土坯房的墙需要“多”厚。故答案为how。 点拨若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，则考虑用关系代词；若从句缺少时间、地点、原因、方式等状语成分，则使用关系副词 （when/where/why/how）。 [if和whether的误用] 例3 He asked her the question if they can be friends. 解析 if→whether。question后为同位语从句，只能用whether来引导，故而将if改为whether。 例4 It doesn’t matter so much you will come or not. 解析考查主语从句。句意：你来还是不来，这不怎么重要。代词it作形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的主语从句。 点拨在表达“是否”这一意思时，我们经常会用到whether和if，但以下几种情况只用whether不用if： 1. 在表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句中； 2. 在介词后的宾语从句中。如：It all depends on whether they will
【英语】英语名词性从句解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案) 一、初中英语名词性从句 1．_______ makes me feel worried is _______ singing stars are centered on by masses of teenagers today. A. What; what B. That; that C. What; that D. That; what 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：让我感到担忧的是，今天的歌星是以青少年为中心的。分析句子可知，主语从句中的谓语动词makes 缺少主语，主语从句中缺少宾语一般用what，因此选择 what 来引导主语从句；系动词 is 后面的表语从句句意完整，不缺少成分，因此选择 that 引导表语从句。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句的应用。 2．________ is known to us all that the old scientist, for ________ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties. A. As; whose B. It; whose C. As; whom D. It; whom 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我们都知道，那位老科学家，过去生活很艰苦，到了八十多岁还在努力工作。第一空it is known to us all that…是个固定句型，意为“众所周知…”；第二空为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词the old scientist指人，作介词for的宾语，只能用whom，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句和定语从句，本题涉及固定句式it is known to us all that…和whom引导的限制性定语从句。 3．Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. no matter what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：一些人认为之前发生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重复发生。Whatever has happened before or is happening now是一个主语从句，whatever既引导起这个主语从句，也在句中做主语。BC项都属于副词的性质，都不能做主语，通常只能做状语；no matter what只能用来引导状语从句，故选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及"特殊疑问词+ever"引导的主语从句。 4． is even more important is the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.
1. Tim is in good shape physically ________ he does n't get much exercise. A. if B. even though C. uni ess D. as long as 2. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school duri ng the day, _____ accompa nied by an adult. A. once B. whe n C. if D. uni ess 3. ___ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem 4. Because of the heavy traffic , it was already time for lunch break ________ she got to her office . A . si nee B .that C . when D . until - 】Joh n thinks it won 't be long he is ready for his new job. A. whe n B. after C. before D. since 6. Today, we will begin we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. A. whe n B. where C. how D. what 7. She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A. whe n B. while C. after D. since 8. My pare nts don ' t mind what job I do I am happy. A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 9. You can ' t borrow books from the school library ______ you get your student card. A. before B. if C. while D. as 10. All the dishes in this menu, ______ otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. A. as B. if C. though D. unl ess 11. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone __ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. if B. whe n C. which D. since 12. ___ u nemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. 13. — Did you return Fred ' s call? 16. __________ in the fields on a March after noon , he could feel the warmth of spri ng. A . To walk B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked 17. Na ncy enjoyed herself so much she visited her friends in Sydney last year. A.that B.which C.whe n D.where 18. You ' d better not leave the medici ne kids can get at it. A.eve n if B.which C.where D.so that 19. I won ' t call you , ________________ something unexpected happens. A.u nless B.whether C.because D.while 20. — Where' s that report? A. Before B. Where C. U nless D. Until —I didn ' t need to I ' ll see him tomorrow. A. though B. unl ess 14. _I ' m sorry you ' ve been waiting so long , Brian gets back. A. before B. since C. till C. whe n D. because but it ' ll still be some time _____ D. after 15. We ll have a picnic in the park this Sun day ____ ____ it rains or it ' s very cold. A.si nee B. if C. unl ess D. un til
定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。 4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任。此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 （一）限定性定语从句 一、关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语） 1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，whi ch在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg：this is the book （which）you want。]而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词w hich的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置
2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothi ng , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that 4.who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5.whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。 二、关系副词（在句中作状语） 关系副词=介词+关系代词 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配) 1. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句。 2. when引导定语从句表示时间［注］值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导。 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed
高中英语三大从句练习题 1．Football is a very interesting game , is played all over the world． A．that B．which C．it D．who 2．The last place we visited was the Great Wall． A．which B．that C．where D．it 3 He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school．A．which B．who C．it D．that 4．His uncle works in a factory bicycles are made． A．that B．which C．where D．there 5．I often thought of my childhood , I lived on a farm． A．which B．where C．when D．who 6．Jack’s dog became ill and died , made him very lonely ． A．as B．which C．that D．this 7．I wonder how much ． A．cost these shoes B．do these shoes cost C．these shoes cost D．are these shoes cost 8．Computers can only give out has been stored in them . A．that B．which C．what D．anything 9．My friend wouldn’t tell me his new car ． A．how much he paid for B．how much did he pay C．he paid how much for D．did he pay how much 10．It doesn’t matter I rest or not ． A．if B．whether C．that D．when 11．The trouble is we are short of tools ． A．what B．that C．how D．which 12． I can’t understand is he wants to change his mind． A．That , that B．Which , what C．What , what D．What, why 13．The thought he might fail in the exam worried him ． A．which B．that C．when D．/ 14．The fact he is an orphan is well known． A．what B．that C．which D．/ 15． I will accept the gift is none of your business． A．If B．Whether C．What D．Which 16． I have will be yours sooner or later ． A．No matter what B．No matter whatever C．Whatever D．That 17. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
中考—名词性从句 主语从句 主语从句的语序 主语从句要求使用陈述句语序，而非一般疑问句语序。如： What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well. 使我感到惊讶的是这个小女孩的小提琴拉得太好了。 连接词的选用 （1）that和what的选用 that和what都可引导主语从句。what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当某些成分，可作从句的主语、宾语或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，无词义，只起连接词作用。如： What he wants is a book. 他想要的是一本书。 That light travels in straight lines is known to all. 众所周知，光线沿直线运行。（2）if和whether的选用 引导主语从句，不能用if，只能用whether。如： Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定。 （3）其它连接代词和副词的选用 根据主语从句的具体意义，正确的选择who, which, when, where, why, how等连接词，这些连接词既有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。如： When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided. 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。 Who broke the glass yesterday is not clear. 还不清楚昨天谁打破了玻璃。 Which car you will choose to buy makes no difference. 你决定买哪一辆车都不会有任何区别。 （4）whatever / whoever的功用 whatever, whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别。如： Whoever breaks the law should be punished. （主语从句）（＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ） Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. （让步状语从句）（＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished. ） it构成的主语从句 （1）由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。谓语是seem, appear, be certain, be a pity, be a wonder, be one's hope, be likely等词或短语时。 It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun. 众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。 需要注意的是，it作形式主语代替主语从句时，要注意和as引导的定语从句的区别。试比较：
高中英语状语从句用法详细解析 一、定义： 在句中作状语的从句是状语从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导，从属连词在句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，状语从句放在句首时，要用逗号，放在句尾时不用。 二、分类 根据意义上的不同，状语从句可分为：①时间状语从句②地点状语从句③原因状语从句④目的状语从句⑤条件状语从句⑥结果状语从句⑦让步状语从句⑧方式状语从句⑨比较状语从句 三、时间状语从句 （一）引导时间状语从句的连词有：as, when(whenever), before, after, as soon as, until(till), since, every time, once. （二）、“as” as, when, while都有“当……的时候”，可以互用When she was a child. While she was a child. She Lived in Paris. As she was a child. as有“一边…一边”的意思 He sang as he walked. “when” When the clock struck twelve, all the lights went out. I was sleeping when she came in. 动补 When we arrived at the station, the train had left. “while” 主、从句动作或状态同时发生。用while引导的从句用延续性动词，常表示较长的时间或一个过程。 While we were having supper, all the lights went out. Please keep quiet while others are studying. While I was writing letters last night, he was watching TV. when, while并列连问。when和while都可用作并列连问，连接并列分句。When表示“就在……的时候”, while意反而，可是，表示转折。
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
一定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。汉语中常用‘……的’表示。定语主要由形容词担任。此外名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式（短语）、分词也可以做定语。 a beautiful city; a bag full of money.注意：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面，若是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面， thirty women teachers ; his father; the girl in red. the boy from America Our monitor is always the first student to enter the classroom. falling leaves; fallen leaves; the boy playing basketball; the book bought by my mother; a reading room; a swimming pool He is the man who you are looking for. 二：定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why. 1. I have an apple. An apple is red. I have an apple that/which is red. ↑↑ 先行词关系代词 2.I like some friends. Some friends like sports. I like friends who like sports. ↑↑ 先行词关系代词 3.I like music. The music is quiet. I like music that/which is quiet. ↑↑ 先行词关系代词 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句，连接主从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. The house which is by the lake looks nice. This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday.