高中英语语法专题讲解
专题二、同位语从句
一、同位语从句概述
同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容の从句，常见の可以被同位语从句修饰の名词有：belief, chance, doubt, hope, idea, news, opinion, thought, promise等。引导同位语从句の词有连词that, whether和副词how, when, where等。
二、同位语从句
（1）同位语从句是意义完整の陈述句时，用连词that引导。注：that在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，通常不省略。
eg：I got the news that he would come to see me the next week.
（2）同位语从句是疑问句时，应根据语境选用who, when ,where, how, whether(不能用if)等词来引导。
eg：The question who is the best for the job requires consideration.
（3）分隔式同位语从句：当主句の谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为了使句子保持平衡，常把同位语从句后置。
eg：An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamond ring.
（4）后面常跟同位语の词有：doubt, fact, hope, idea, message, news, possibility, promise, question, suggestion,truth,thought,warning,wish等。
●注：advice, order, suggestion等词表示建议、命令の词后の同位语从句中の谓语动
eg： that the meeting(should) be put off.
三、同位语从句与定语从句の区别
（1）所表达の内容不同：同位语从句和定语从句一般是放在某一名词后面，但同位语从句是对该名词の解释和说明，而定语从句是对该名词の修饰，说明它の性质特
征。
eg：The fact that he presented was a strong proof.
The fact that she hadn’t said anything surprised us all.
（2）在句中所起の语法作用不同：引导定语从句のthat是关系代词，它の作用是连接主句和从句，并代表先行词在从句中充当句子成分，而且that作宾语时可省略，
指物时，可以用which代替。引导同位语从句のthat是连词，只起连接主句和从
句の作用，它不充当任何成分，不能省略，也不可被which代替
eg：We expressed the hope that Mr and Mrs Smith would come to visit China the next year.
The news that we heard spread all over the city.
（3）所修饰の词不尽相同：同位语从句所修饰の名词数量有限，往往是含有某种信息の词，如：message,news,fact,hope,desire,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,questtion, order, belief, doubt, fear, truth, throught等，而定语从句修饰の先行词无此限制。（4）wh-引导词引导同位语从句时，有其本身の疑问含义；引导定语从句时则没有疑问の意思。
eg：I have no idea where the meeting will be held.
He is the only one of these boys who can speak Franch.
◆跟踪练习：
1、There is no obvious evidence_____ there is life on any other planet in the solar system.
A. which
B. that
C. how
D. where
2、My friend showed me round the town, _____was very kind of him.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. it
3、Many children, _____parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village.
A. their
B. whose
C. of them
D. with whom
4、Many young people in the West are expected to leave _____ could be life’s most important decision—marriage---almost entirely up to luck.
A. as
B. that
C. which
D. what
定语从句及同位语从句专项训练
[ ] 1. That is _____ he said.
A. all what
B. all which
C. all that
D. all which [ ] 2. These are things and persons ___I’ve heard of.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. that [ ] 3. Please tell me everything ___you know.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. all what [ ]4. We know the fact ___he has gone to college.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. why
[ ] 5.I received the news ____Xiao Ping had passed away.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. in which
[ ] 6. This is the thing ___he referred to.
A. who
B. whom
C./
D. what [ ] 7. This is the building, in front of ____there is a dog lying on the ground.
A. that
B. which
C. it
D./
[ ] 8. Those are the students, most of ____are very active.
A. that
B. them
C. which
D. whom. [ ] 9. The girl ___father lives in Beijing won the first prize in maths.
A. who
B. whose
C. whom D that
[ ] 10. The factory ___we work is very big..
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. who
[ ] 11. The factory ___we visited is very big.
A. that
B. where
C. in which
D. on which
[ ] 12. This is the day ___we joined the army.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. in which [ ] 13. The days ___we spent last year will not be forgotten.
A. that
B. on which
C. in which
D. when
[ ] 14. He has such a book ___I borrowed from the library.
A. which
B. that
C. as
D. what [ ] 15. He made the same progress ___I did in my entrance examination..
A. what
B. that
C. on which
D. as [ ] 16. The reason ___he gave me was not reasonable.
A. that
B. why
C. for
D. for which
[ ] 17. September 18, 1913 is the day _____we’ll never forget.
A. that
B. when
C. on which
D. on that [ ] 18. I remember the day ___I first came to the college.
A. on which
B. in which
C. which
D. that [ ] 19. Is this factory ___we visited last year?
A. where
B. in which
C. the one
D. at which
[ ] 20. Is this the factory ___your father worked?
A. where
B. which
C. of which
D. in that [ ] 21. This is the factory ___we visited the day before yesterday.
A. where
B. which
C. the one
D. at which
[ ] 22. Is this the factory ____colour TV sets are produced?
A. that
B. which
C. in which
D. in that [ ] 23. Where is the window ___glass is broken?
A. which
B. that
C. whose
D. its
[ ] 24. The book, the cover___is broken, is not mine.
A. of it
B. for
C. whose
D. of which [ ] 25. His father is an engineer, ___makes him very proud.
A. for what
B. which
C. that
D. what [ ]26.That was the reason ____Mac refused to speak at the meeting.
A. why
B. that
C. which
D. of which [ ] 27. The knife ___ we cut the bread is very sharp.
A. with which
B. that which
C. which with
D. which [ ] 28. Is there anything ___I can do for you?
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. whom
[ ] 29.This is the fact ___he is very smart.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. where [ ] 30. I got the news ___he will go abroad.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. on which [ ] 31. This is the worker, ___the book was written.
A. who
B. whom
C. of
D. by whom [ ] 32. This is the reason ___ he was put into prison.
A.o f it
B. for it
C. in which
D. for which [ ] 33. My father made a promise __he would buy me a toll.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. when
▲历届高考题
[ ] 1.A child ___parents are dead is called an orphan.
A. which
B. his
C. whose
D.with
[ ] 2. All ____ is needed is a supply of oil
A. the thing
B. that
C. what
D. which [ ] 3. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of _____hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A. these
B. those
C. that
D. which [ ] 4. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______family was poor
A. of whom
B. whom
C. of whose
D. whose [ ] 5. She heard a terrible noise, ____brought her heart into her mouth
A. it
B. which
C. this
D.that
[ ] 6. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _____came as surprise
A. it
B. that
C. which
D. he
[ ] 7. In the dar k street, there wasn’t a single person ____she could turn for help.
A. that
B. who
C. from whom
D. to whom [ ] 8. ___is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is interesting.
A. Which
B. As
C. That
D. It
[ ] 9 These houses are sold at such a low price ___ people expected
A. like
B. as
C. that
D. which
[] 10.J ohn said he’d been working in the office for an hour, ______was true
A. he
B. this
C. which
D. who
[ ] 11.Is this the house ___Shakespeare was born ?
A. at where
B. which
C. in which
D. at which
高中英语同位语从句讲解及练习 同位语从句讲义及练习 一、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质 在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上 为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。 例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。 析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。 二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句 1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略） 例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。 析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。 2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"是否"的含义，应用whe】ther 引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句） 例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加"是否"的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。 3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"等含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。 例1：I have no idea when he will be back.
同位语从句 ◆◆◆辨认同位语从句 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。一个名词（或其它形式）对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。 1. 名词作同位语 Mr. Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。 2. 短语作同位语 I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。 3. 直接引语作同位语 But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多利早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？” 4. 句子作同位语 The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。 ◆◆◆同位语从句用法 一、同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 ①可以跟同位语从句的抽象名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。（承诺信息主意是事实；疑问想法与问题；希望消息建议是潜力。） I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 ②在某些名词表“建议，命令，要求等”(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形；should可省） There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 ③同位语从句前名词的数：同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？ 二、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether,连接代词what，who。连接副词how, when, where等。（注：if, which 不能引导同位语从句。） 1. 连词that引导同位语从句（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略） The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语） 【注意】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。 He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 2. 连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）
（1）表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词that。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. gh能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释： 1．连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。（2）主语从句 1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 解释： 1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that
同位语从句 一．同位语 同位语：跟在名词或代词后，与之表达同一内容；通常由名词、名词性短语等担任。 （A=B：两项所指相同） e.g 我知道奥巴马，美国的总统。 I know Obama, the president of United States. （Obama与the president of US同一个人）我们应该从过去当中学习，它是现在的一面镜子和将来的希望。 We should learn from the past, the mirror of the present and the hope of the future. The future belongs to you, young people. 未来是属于你们年轻人的。(you=young people) (实质是句中两个成分相等) 二．同位语从句 1.（1）概念：由一个句子来充当同位语。 e.g 我知道这个事实，奥巴马是美国的总统。 I know the fact that Obama is the president of United States. (the fact就是指的是奥巴马是美国总统) We should learn from the truth that the past is the mirror of the present and the hope of the future. （2）与从句同位的名词通常为抽象名词： fact, truth, Idea, thought, belief, hope, doubt, rumour, question, answer, reply, news, , order (有些抽象名词本身带有“疑问”的含义，如question, doubt) 2. 构成： （------先造3个简单的句子，He is a student.(陈述句) Is he a student?（一般疑问句）Who is a student?(特殊疑问句) 同位语从句(连词)不是与前面的抽象名词有关，连词取决于后面从句是什么样的形式； （I know the fact he is a student. ） （1）如果从句是陈述句，连词用that e.g I know the fact that he is a student. 我听到了这个消息，他离开了我们。 I heard the news that he left us. The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once. 将军下达了命令战士们应该立即过河。 We are delighted at the news that we are going to spend our summer vacation in Hawaii. 我们非常高兴听到这个消息，我们将在夏威夷度过我们的暑假。 The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody． 他什么都没说，这个事实让大家很吃惊。 结论：that在从句中不做成分，并且没有含义 （2）如果从句是一般疑问句，连词用whether, 再把一般疑问句变陈述句语序
同位语从句 一、同位语从句概述 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句，常见的可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有：belief,chance,doubt,hope,idea,news,opinion,thought,promise等。引导同位语从句的词有连词that,whether和副词how,when,where等。 二、同位语从句点拨 （1）同位语从句是意义完整的陈述句时，用连词that引导。注：that在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，通常不省略。如：I got the news that he would come to see me the next week. （2）同位语从句是疑问句时，应根据语境选用who,when ,where,how,whether(不能用if)等词来引导。如：The question who is the best for the job requires consideration. （3）分隔式同位语从句：当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为了使句子保持平衡，常把同位语从句后置。如：An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamond ring. （4）后面常跟同位语的词有：doubt,fact,hope,idea,message,news,possibility,promise,question,suggestion,truth,thoug ht,warning,wish等。注：advice,order,suggestion等词表示建议、命令的词后的同位 语从句中的谓语动词须用(should) +动词原形。如：He made the suggestion that the meeting(should) be put off. 三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别 （1）所表达的内容不同：同位语从句和定语从句一般是放在某一名词后面，但同位语从句是对该名词的解释和说明，而定语从句是对该名词的修饰，说明它的性质特 征。如：The fact that he presented was a strong proof. 他所提供的事实是一个强有力的证据。（定语从句） The fact that she hadn’t said anything surprised us all. 她一言不发的事实让我们每一个人都很惊讶。（同位语从句） （2）在句中所起的语法作用不同：引导定语从句的that是关系代词，它的作用是连接主句和从句，并代表先行词在从句中充当句子成分，而且that作宾语时可省略， 指物时，可以用which代替。引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起连接主句和从 句的作用，它不充当任何成分，不能省略，也不可被which代替。如: We expressed the hope that Mr and Mrs Smith would come to visit China the next year. 我们表达了希望史密斯夫妇第二年到中国来访的愿望。（同位语从句） The news(that/which)we heard spread all over the city. 我们所听到的消息传遍了整个城市。（定语从句） （3）所修饰的词不尽相同：同位语从句所修饰的名词数量有限，往往是含有某种信息的词，如：message,news,fact,hope,desire,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,questtion, order,belief,doubt,fear,truth,throught等，而定语从句修饰的先行词无此限制。 （4）wh-引导词引导同位语从句时，有其本身的疑问含义；引导定语从句时则没有疑问的意思。如；
英语同位语从句用法详解 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）中的主要从句之一，也是中学英语学习中的重点语法知识点之一。在使用同位语从句时，应注意以下五个方面： 一、同位语从句在句中的位置 1. 一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message 等）的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。例如： The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。 I've come from Mr Wang with a message that he won't be able to see you this afternoon. 我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。 2. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。例如： The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home. 她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。 The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again. 据说他高考又落榜了。 二、同位语从句前名词的数 同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词（word除外）加以修饰。例如： Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？ Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening. 答应我，你今天晚上要来参加我们的晚会。 Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15，2003. 消息传来，中国于2003年10月15日首次成功发射了载人飞船。 三、同位语从句连接词的选用 在英语中，引导同位语从句的词通常有连词（that，who，whether），连接副词（how，when，where）等。例如：
人教版高中英语必修三 知识点梳理 重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习 同位语从句 概念引入： 我们已经学习了名词性从句中的其它三个从句：主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，本单元我们将较详细地了解一下同位语从句的用法，并梳理名词性从句的几个常用连接词使用时的需注意的一些方面。下面先研究一下这些句子： 1 I have a dream that one day, all roads will be made plain. 我梦想着总有一天所有的道路都是平坦的。 2 We hold this truth to be self-evident that all men are created equal. 我们认为这些真理都是不言自明的，所有的人生来都是平等的。 3 Some people hold the opinion that the Internet is a curse. 有些人持这种观点，互联网是一种诅咒。 4 Museums play a role of education for the simple reason that they provide people with a good opportunity to have a deeper understanding of their own country's tradition and cultures. 博物馆发挥教育的作用，原因很简单，他们为人们提供一个很好的机会，对自己国家的传统和文化有更深的了解。 这些句子中都含有一个同位语从句，你找到了吗？而且都是that引导的从句，说明前面的名词，如句1中的dream，句2中的truth。 语法讲解 同位语从句 1. 在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？ 2. 可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等（一般的抽象名词都可用）。 I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 (2015 陕西高考) There is the belief that, if you arrive at an appointment late, you will be considered important. This is a mistaken view. 有这样一种观点：如果你约会迟到，别人会认为你很重要。这是个错误想法。 3. 英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that，whether，连接代词what，who。连接副词 how ,when ,where等。（注：if ,which 不能引导同位语从句。） He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。 4. 在suggestion，advice，request，order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句
同位语从句讲解及习题 一、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质 在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。 例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。 析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。 二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句 1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略） 例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。 析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。 2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"是否"的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句） 例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加"是否"的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。 3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"等含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。 例1：I have no idea when he will be back. 析：he will be back意义不完整，应加"什么时候"的含义才能表达idea 的全部内容，因此应用when引导同位语从句。
初中英语语法同位语从句专项讲解与训练(一) 概念 一般来说，在主从复合句中,用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它通常跟在某些名词之后，用以说明或解释该名词表示的具体内容。可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有： advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, promise, p roposal, reply, report, suggestion, word（消息）， problem， question, doubt, thought等。例如： They were delighted at the news that their team had won. 当听到他们队获胜的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你从哪儿听说我不能来？ 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如： The thought came to him that Tom might have returned the book. 他突然想起汤姆可能已经还了书了。 （二）引导词 请仔细观察下列句子，注意从句引导词的用法。 1. The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.
2. He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there. 3. The question who should do the work is being discussed at the meeting 4. I have no idea what the boy is doing in the next room now. 5. We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our s ummer vacation this year. 6. I have no idea how I can get to the railway station. 7. I have no idea when he will be back． [小结归纳] ① that引导同位语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，但通常不可以省略，如句1； ② whether引导同位语从句时意为“是否”，通常不能用if来代替,如句2; ③连接代词who, what等可以引导同位语从句，如句3， 4； ④连接副词where, how, when等可以引导同位语从句，如句5，6，7。 (三) that 引导的同位语从句和定语从句 ①意义不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；而定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的先行词。试比较： 1. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. 2. The news that you told us is really encouraging.
2021届高中英语新高考语法基础版一轮复习讲义（30） 表语从句知识点整理总结 01 表语从句的概念和引导词 表语从句是指一个句子充当主系表结构中的表语而成的从句。它的构成和其他名词性从句一样。 和宾语从句、主语从句的类似，表语从句的引导词也分为如下三类： a. 陈述句做表语从句，用that引导。如： T h e p ro bl e m i s th a t t h e y do n't f o l l o w m y a d vi ce. 问题在于他们不听我的劝告。 注意：表语从句中的that不可以省略。 b. 一般疑问句做表语从句，一般用whether引导，不用if。如： The key is whether the boss will give us the chance to participate in the project. 关键是老板是是否会让我们参与这个项目。 c. 特殊疑问句做表语从句，用what/who等特殊疑问词引导。如： The problem is when we will receive the fund. 问题在于我们何时能收到这笔资金。 02 常见表语从句的句型
和主语从句类似，表语从句也有一些常见的结构化的句型，具体包括以下几类： a. 名词+is +表语从句。 这些名词有表示事实的truth, fact，表示观点的idea, advice, problem, question, thought, feeling, plan, suggestion等。如：The fact is that he is the best teacher in the entire school. 事实是，他是全校最好的老师。 The question is when the rescue team will arrive here. 问题是救援小组何时能到这里。 当然，名词这里也可以是主语从句。如： What I want to know is who will be elected as the monitor in the new term. 我想知道的是新学期谁会被当选为班长？ 注意：当名词是suggestion/order/request等表示主张和建议时，表语从句要用should+do的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。 b. It/This/That is because/why从句。 如： That is why he was sent to the mental hospital. 这就是他被送往精神病医院的原因。
同位语从句讲义 1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。 2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。如： They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。 注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。 The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。 W e haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。 1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别? that引导的同位语从句 that引导的定语从句 句法功能上 that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。 在从句中不充当句子成分。 不可省。 that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用， 还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作 动词的宾语时可省略。 意义上 从句是被修饰名词的内容。 从句起限定作用，是定语 如： The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。 2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如：This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。 同位语从句 是名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)中的主要从句之一，从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释，相当于一个表语从句，它们之间的关系是同位关系，即主表关系。 详细信息一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。 1. 名词作同位语 Mr Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。 2.短语作同位语 I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。 3. 直接引语作同位语 But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？” 4. 句子作同位语 The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。 同位语从句用法同位语部分是个句子,就是同位语从句,这种用法比较"固定" 一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。 I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether，连接副词how,when,where等。（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句。） He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
初中英语语法同位语从句专项讲解与训练 （一） 概念 一般来说，在主从复合句中，用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它通 常跟在某些名词之后，用以说明或解释该名词表示的具体内容。可 以跟同位语从句的名词通常有： advice, decisi on, fact, hope, idea, in formati on, mess age, n ews, promise, proposal, reply, on, word （消息），problem ， question, 等。例如: They were delighted at the news that their team ha d won. 当听到他们队获胜的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come ？你从哪儿听说我不能来? 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔 开。女口： The thought came to him that Tom might have return ed the book. 他突然想起汤姆可能已经还了书了。 （二）引导词 report, suggesti doubt, thought
请仔细观察下列句子，注意从句引导词的用法 there. stati on. ［小结归纳］ ① that 引导同位语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，但通常不 可以省略，如句1； ② whether 引导同位语从句时意为“是否”，通常不能用 if 来代 替,如句2; ③ 连接代词who, what 等可以引导同位语从句，如句 3， 4； 1. The news that Mr. Li will be our new En glish teacher is true. 2. He has n 't made the decisi on whether he will go 3. The questi on who should do the work is bei ng d iscussed at the meeti ng4. I have no idea what the 5. re 6. boy is doing in the n ext room now. We have n 't yet settled the questi on where we a going to spe nd I have no idea our summer vacation this year. how I can get to the railway 7. I have no idea when he will be back .
同位语从句——语法专题讲解
高中英语语法专题讲解 专题二、同位语从句 一、同位语从句概述 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句，常见的可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有：belief, chance, doubt, hope, idea, news, opinion, thought, promise等。引导同位语从句的词有连词that, whether和副词how, when, where等。 二、同位语从句 （1）同位语从句是意义完整的陈述句时，用连词that引导。注：that在从句中不充当任 何成分，只起连接作用，通常不省略。 eg：I got the news that he would come to see me the next week. （2）同位语从句是疑问句时，应根据语境选用who, when ,where, how, whether(不能用if) 等词来引导。 eg：The question who is the best for the job requires consideration. （3）分隔式同位语从句：当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为了使句子保持平 衡，常把同位语从句后置。
eg：An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamond ring. （4）后面常跟同位语的词有：doubt, fact, hope, idea, message, news, possibility, promise, question, suggestion,truth,thought,warning,wish等。 ●注：advice, order, suggestion等词表示建议、 命令的词后的同位语从句中的谓语动词须 eg：He made the suggestion that the meeting(should) be put off. 三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别 （1）所表达的内容不同：同位语从句和定语从句一般是放在某一名词后面，但同位语从 句是对该名词的解释和说明，而定语从句 是对该名词的修饰，说明它的性质特征。eg：The fact that he presented was a strong proof. The fact that she hadn’t said anything surprised us all. （2）在句中所起的语法作用不同：引导定语从句的that是关系代词，它的作用是连接主