当前位置:文档之家› 八年级英语上册 期末复习语法总结 牛津版

八年级英语上册 期末复习语法总结 牛津版

八年级英语上册 期末复习语法总结 牛津版
八年级英语上册 期末复习语法总结 牛津版

语法

形容词/副词的比较等级(1)—用法讲解

大多数的形容词都有三个级别:原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更……”,用于两者之间的比较,用来说明“前者比后者更……”,比较级前面一般用much, even, a little修饰,其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。最高级表示“最……”,用于三者及三者以上之间的比较,用来说明“某人或某物在某个范围内最……”

① 形容词的比较级(-er)和最高级(-est)的构成

a.规则变化之口诀:直接加;去e加;双写加;变y加; more/ most

b. 不规则变化

原级比较级最高级

good / well better best

bad / ill worse worst

many / much more most

little less least

far farther, further farther, further

old older, elder oldest, eldest

②比较级前的修饰语

still, even, any, quite(a bit), almost, nearly, just, rather;a little, a bit;much, a lot, far, many;

twice, ten times, one fourth, two pounds, three years

形容词的比较等级(2)—常见句型

① A=B A+ V + as + adj./adv. + as + B (与。。。一样)

He is as tall as I/me. 他和我一样高。 He is as good a teacher as his father.他和他的父亲一样是个好教师。

②A≠ B A + V + not + as/so + adj./adv. + as + B (与。。。不一样)

They didn’t do as/so much work as you did. 他们干得事没有你多。

I’ve never seen as/so old a car as this.我从来没有见过像这样旧的车。

③ A > B 或A < B A + V + 比较级 + than + B (比。。。<更>。。。)

Tom is two years older than his brother. 汤姆比他的弟弟大两岁。

Our classroom is bigger than theirs. 我们的教室比他们的大。

④表示倍数A + V + twice/four times/… + as + adj./adv. + as + B(A是B的两倍/四倍/…)

This room is twice as large as that one. 整个房间是那房间的两倍大。

The earth is 49 times as big as the moon.地球是月球的49倍大。

⑤表示程度的递增主语 + V + 比较级+ and+比较级(…越来越…)

主语 + V + more and more+ +adj./adv. (…越来越…)

The days are getting shorter and shorter.白天变得越来越长了。

Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国家变得越来越美了。

⑥表示两种情况同时变化

The+ 比较级+ 主语+ V + …,the+ 比较级+ 主语+ V + …(…越…越…)

The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.=If we get together more, we’ll be happier.

我们聚得越多,我们就会越高兴。

The harder you study, the better you’ll be at English.= If you study h arder, you’ll be better at English.

你学习越努力,你的英语成绩越好。

⑦ 主语+ be +one of the+ 最高级 + n.(pl.) + in/of…(…是最…之一)

Beijing is one of the oldest cities in China.北京是中国最古老的城市之一。

⑧ 主语+ V。+ the+ 最高级 + in/of…(…最…)

Ann studies hardest of all the girls in our class.安妮是我们班学习最用功的学生之一。

⑨ 主语+ V。+ the+ 比较级 + of the two…(…<两者中>较…的)

Lily is the taller of the twins.莉莉是这两个双胞胎中较高的那个。

⑩主语+ V。+ 比较级 + than + any other +n. (单数) + in…(…比任何其他的更…)主语+ V。+ 比较级 + than + any of the other +n. (复数) + in…(…比任何其他的更…)

He is taller than any other student i n his class.他比他班级中其他的任何学生高。

= He is taller than any of the other students in his class. = He is the tallest students in his class.

= He is taller than the other students i n his class.= He is taller than the others i n his class.

A+ V + more/ fewer + 可数名词复数+ than B …(A比B 做更多、更少。。。)

A+ V + more/ less + 不可数名词复数+ than B …(A比B 做更多、更少。。。)

Jhon studies more subjects than Nancy.Jhon比Nancy学更多科目。

Students in the USA have more weeks off in the summertime than British students.

在夏天美国学生比英国学生有更多周不上课。

12. A+ V + the same (size/ colour/ age...)as + B (A与B一样)

My uniform is the same as Simon’s uniform. 我的校服和Simon的校服一样.

Millie’s pencil box is the same size as Amy’s pencil box. 我的铅笔盒和Amy的铅笔盒一样大。

A+ V + different from + B (A与B不一样)

Kitty’s rubber is different from Simon’s rubber. Kitty的橡皮和Simon的橡皮不一样。

反身代词

第一人称第二人称第三人称

单数复数单数复数单数复数

myself ourselve

s

yourself yourselves

himself/herself/i

tself

themselves

(1)作动词或介词的宾语:经常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, seat, dress, express, amuse, behave 等动词和by, for, to, of等介词后作宾语。通常表示反身代词与句中的主语是同一人。它在句中作宾语,不能省略,否则该句是一个意义不完整的错句。如:

He is teaching herself English.她在自学英语。 She was talking to herself.她自言自语。

He lives by himself in the country.他独自住在乡下。

(2)作主语或宾语的同位语:主要起加强语气的作用,译作“亲自,本身,本人”。如:

Did you make the cake yourself?这蛋糕是你亲自做的吗?(yourself作主语you的同位语)

The work itself is easy.这工作本身很容易。(itself作主语the work的同位语)

Did you see Mr. Wang himself?你见过王先生本人吗?(himself作宾语Mr. Wang的同位语)

(3)作表语:在be, feel, look, seem等系动词后作表语,表示身体或精神状态处于正常。如:I’m not myself today.今天我感觉不舒服。 I am feeling myself again.我觉得健康如昔。

祈使句讲解

一、祈使句:用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句. 祈使句的作用是要求、请求或命令、劝告、建议别人做或不做一件事。祈使句的句末一般用感叹号,但是有些祈使句的语气较弱,可以用句号结尾祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时,例:Go and wash your hands. 例如:保持肃静!Be kind to our sister. Watch your steps. 表示禁止的句式有:不准、不要、别、No parking.

二、表现形式

●肯定结构:

1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here.

有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 。

2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!

3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。

●否定结构:

1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don\'t构成,如:Don\'t forget me!Don\'t be late for school!

2. Let 型的否定式有两种:“Don\'t + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成

分”。如:Don\'t let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。

3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!

2、"Let"只适用于现在时态,可以有被动语态 (the passive voice),如:

Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison. Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.

3、"Let"后头除了是不带"to"的不定式动词 (The infinitive without"to")之外,还可以是某些适当的副词,如out, in, down, alone等:

Let the puppy out. Open the windows and let the fresh air in.

The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down. Let me alone, please.

用"Let\'s"时,把谈话者的对象包括在内;用"Let us"时,并不包括对方,如:

Let's try it, shall we? Let us do it by ourselves, will you?

里的"shall we"和(18)里的"will you",不难知道前者包括听话人,后者并没有。

三.祈使句与并列连词and与or 连用时可以表示条件。 Work harder,and you will catch up with your classmates.

情态动词 should ,ought to,had better 的用法

一.Should 和ought to

1表达职责或义务,提出劝告及一般人们认为应该去做的事,常用来谈论现在和将来。Ought you to eat so much ?

2.should用于否定句,多表示做了不应该做的事。Ought to 的否定形式是ought not to ,口语中常用oughtn’t to

You oughtn’t to eat so much .

3.在大多数情况下should 和 ought to 的意思大致相同。Should比ought to 语气要轻一些。另外,当我们用should 时,谈的是自己的主观看法;ought to 则更多反应客观情况。如:

You should/ought to go and see Mr Wang sometime.

二.had better

1.had better do… “最好” had常缩写为’d 否定式had better not do 一般疑问句把 had 放在主语的前面。

1) You’d better hurry up if you want to get home before dark.

2)We’d better not disturb him.

3) Had we better go now? 我们最好现在走吗?

2.had better 适用于任何人称和数You’d better go with me.

3.变为一般疑问句时,如果是肯定句,就把had提前,放在句首;如果是否定句,就把hadn’t 提前即可。

Had you better go there at once?

4.含有had better的反义疑问句的简短问句部分中要用had或hadn’t.如:

You had better give him the magazine,hadn’t you ?

may 的用法

一、表示许可或征求对方的许可,有“可以”的意思。例如:

You may go now. 你可以走了。May I use your computer? 我用一下你的电脑可以吗?

二、回答以may 开头的疑问句有如下表达法:

-May I smoke here? 我可以在这儿抽烟吗?-Yes, you may. / Yes, please. 请抽吧。

-No, you can't. / No, you mustn't. / No, you'd better not. 请不要抽烟。

三、表示猜测,通常只用于陈述句。例如:You may be right. 你可能是对的。

四、在口语中can 可以代替may 表示许可,但can 较随便,may 更正式。例:

Can I use your bike, John? 约翰,我可以用一下你的自行车吗?

May I have a look at your license please, sir? 先生,我可以看一下你的执照吗?

can 的用法

一、表能力,有“能,会,能够”的意思。例如:Can you drive a car? 你会开车吗?Yes, I can. 我会。

/ No, I can't. 我不会。

二、表允许,在口语中代替may,有“可以”的意思。(见下面may 的用法第四点)

三、表示可能性,常用于否定句和疑问句。例如:

Can it be true? 那会是真的吗?Today is Sunday. He can't be at school. 今天是星期天,他不可能在学校里。

动词不定式

(1) 概念动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成。动词不定式是一种非限定性动词,在句中不能单独充当谓语。(非限定性动词可分为不定式,动名词,现在分词和过去分词,他们在句中不能单独充当谓语。)动词不定式相当于名词、形容词或副词,在句中可以作句子除谓语之外的任何句子成分。

(2) 句型

① 主语 + vt. (及物动词) + to-v (动词不定式)

want, decide, wish, hope, choose, refuse, would like, expect, …

He decided to go there himself. 他决定亲自去那儿。

② 主语+ vt. (及物动词) + to-v (动词不定式)

stop, go on, remember, forget, start, begin, …

Please remember to bring the book to school next time.请记住下次把书带到学校来。

③ 主语 + vt.(及物动词) +it + adj.(形容词) + to-v (动词不定式)

find, think, make, feel, …

The Internet makes it easy to get much new information in a short time.

④ 主语+ vt.(及物动词) +sb./sth.+ (not) + to-v (动词不定式)

get, allow, encourage, beg, wait for, warn, ask, want, would like, tell, prefer, wish, expe ct, invite, …

It’s raining hard now. Let’s wait for the rain to stop. 雨下得很大,让我们等雨停下来。

⑤ 主语+ vt.(及物动词) +sb./sth.+ (not) + v (动词原形)

feel, listen to, hear, let, make, have, see, watch, look at, notice, …

The workers was made to work twelve hours a day. 工人们被迫每天工作十二小时。

⑥ 主语+ vt.(及物动词) +sb./sth.+ 疑问词 + to-v (动词不定式)

teach, show, know, …

I don’t know whether t o go there. 我不知道是否去那儿。

英语的简单句有五种基本句型:

主+谓;主+谓+宾;主+系+表;主+谓+间宾+直宾;主+谓+直宾+宾补。

掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

过去进行时

1) 掌握过去进行时was / were + doing 表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作,其肯定、否定和疑问形式如下:

was/were(+not) ing form

I was(+not)

dancing.

You/We/They were(+not)

He/She/It was(+not)

Was I

dancing?

Were you/we/they

Was he/she/it

Yes, I was.

you/we/they were.

he/she/it was.

I was not/wasn’t.

No, you/we/they were not/weren’t.

he/she/it was not/wasn’t.

while, when,as

掌握while 和 when在过去进行时中的用法:表示两个持续性的动作在过去同时发生用while,when后接一个短暂性的动作。持续性的动作用过去进行时,短暂性的动作用一般过去时。e.g.:

I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV..

The bell rang while he was reading books.

When the bell rang, he was reading books. (以上这两句主从句前后可以互换)

1、“主短从长”型:即主句是一个短暂性动作,而从句是一个持续性动作,此时三者都可用。如:

Jim hurt his arm while[when,as]he was playing tennis. 吉姆打网球时把手臂扭伤了。As[When,While]she was waiting for the train,she became very impatient. 她在等火车时,变得很不耐烦。

2、“主长从长”型:即主句和从句为两个同时进行的动作

或存在的状

态,且强调主

句动作或状

态延续到从

句所指的整

个时间,此时

通常要用

while。

I always listen to the radio while I’m driving. 我总是一边开车一边听收音机。

He didn’t ask me in; he kept me standing at the door while he read the message. 他没有让我进去,他只顾看那张条子,让我站在门口等着。

但是,若主句和从句所表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边……一边”之意时,则习惯上要用as。如:

He swung his arms as he walked. 他走路时摆动着手臂。

3、“主长从短”型:即主句是一个持续性动作,而从句是一个短暂性动作,此时可以用as或when,但不能用while。如:

It was raining hard when [as] we arrived. 我们到达时正下着大雨。

When [As] he came in, I was listening to the radio. 他进来时,我在听收音机

八年级外研版英语上册语法知识点汇总

外研版八年级上册英语知识点Module 1 1.study plan学习计划 2.a number of +可数名词复数+V(复数):许多、大量 the number of+可数名词复数+V(单数):。。的数量 3.advice不可数名词 a piece of advice一条建议 give sb. some advice给某人一些建议advise sb. to do sth.建议某人去做某事 4.write it/them down把它写下来 5. what else?还有什么其他的? 6. It is adj. for sb. to do sth. 7. It is a good idea to do sth. 8.meet sb.接某人 9.this term这学期 last term上学期 next term下学期 10. help sb. do sth. help sb. with sth. 11.ask for advice征求意见 12.basic questions基本问题 13.spend on sth. spend (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事 物 cost It takes sb. some time to do sth. pay for 14.the meaning of….的意思 15.speak to sb.与某人谈话 16.take a deep breath深呼吸 17.start a conversation开始一段谈话 18.talk about sth. with sb.跟某人谈论某事 19.表示建议的句子 ①What about doing=How about doing…? ②Why not do=Why don’t you do..? ③Try (not) to do sth. ④should do

大学英语语法大全_太经典了

大学英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如: I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如: He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间 接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给 我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾 语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)

(完整版)苏教版译林牛津初中英语语法总结(初一初二)

补充: 1.句子的构成 初中一年级上语法 1.in,on,at表示时间的应用 in +parts of day(evening,morning,etc) /month/season/year on + day (Sunday, etc)/date(1 July,etc)/parts of a special day( Sunday morning)/special holidays(Children’s Day) at + time of day (seven o’clock)/ age(6 years old) 2.频率副词 never, seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always 3.疑问副词的用法 what,which,who,whose,when,why,how 4.可数名词与不可数名词 5.some和any的用法 6.There be句型 7.现在进行时及动词+ing的用法 初中一年级下语法 1.序数词与基数词 2.一般将来时:will与shall、be going to 3.名词所有格 名字+’s,mine,yours,ours,theirs,his,hers,its 4.冠词a,an, the的用法 5.表示方位的介词 In front of, behind,inside,outside,above,below,over,under 6.一般过去式及过去分词+ed的用法 7.can,could,may的用法 8.What 和How开头的感叹句 9形容词的用法,在句子中的位置 10.不定代词的用法 Somebody, someone, something Anybody, anyone, anything Nobody, no one, nothing Everybody, everyone, everthing 初中二年级上语法 1.比较级、最高级的用法 than作为比较级、the+最高级的用法 +er 及+est 的用法,most+形容词表示最高级 2. more…than, fewer….than,less..than, the most, the fewest, the least的用法 3. as…as的用法 4.反身代词的用法 Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 5.祈使句的用法

人教八年级英语上册第一单元语法知识点归纳

Unit 1 一、词组、短语: 1、go on vacation去度假, 2、stay at home 呆在家, 3、go to the mountains 上山/进山, 4、go to the beach到海边去, 5、visit museums 参观博物馆, 6、go to summer camp 去夏令营, 7、quite a few 相当多, 8、study for为……学习, 9、go out 出去, 10、most of the time大部分时间/绝大多数时间, 11、taste good 尝起来味道好, 12、have a good time玩的开心, 13、of course当然可以, 14、feel like感觉像……/想要, 15、go shopping购物, 16、in the past 在过去, 17、walk around绕……走, 18、too many 太多(可数名词前面), 19、because of 因为, 20、one bowl of 一碗……, 21、find out 查出来/发现, 22、go on继续, 23、take photos 照相, 24、something important重要的事情, 25、up and down上上下下, 26、come up出来 二、习惯用法、搭配

1. buy sth. for ab./ buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 2. taste + adj. 尝起来…… 3. nothing ….but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有 4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来 5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方到达某地 6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事 8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事 10. start doing sth. 开始做某事 11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 12. look + adj 看起来 13. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 14. Why not do sth. 为什么不做…….呢? 15. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于…… 16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事 17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 三、重点句子 1. Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假的? 1)这是一个由疑问副词where引导的特殊疑问句。Where用来询问地点或场所,用于句首,其后跟一般疑问句。如:Where are you from? Where does he live? 2)go on vacation“去度假” He will go on vacation with his family. 他要和家人一起度假。 【解析】 vacation [v?'ke??n] n 假期 = holiday on vacation 在度假 take a vacation 去度假 winter vacation 寒假 summer vacation 暑假 ①I have a lot of _______________every year . (vacation) ( ) ②— Where did Sarah go on vacation? — She went to America. A.on vacation B. take a vacation C. is on vacation D. is for vacation

最新专升本英语语法重点汇总

专升本英语语法重点汇总 一、动词时态及语态题(大家应该记住我所讲过的九种时态,特别是其中的过去完成,过去进行时,客观真理要用一般现在时等) 1、The manager told us that this factory was built in 1958. 2、By the time we got there,the play had already begun. 3、When I was a child,I knew that the earth turns about its axis. 4、When Mr.Delay got home after a day's exhausting work,his wife and children were sleeping. 二、非谓语动词题(特别是现在分词与过时分词的区别,大家一定要弄明白主动与被动这对最最重要的区别,要求大家多看我的上课笔记) 1、The film showed last night was very moving. (不用moved,大家别忘了-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别) 2、Having finishing his lecture,the teacher asked if anyone wished to asked a question. 3、The problem being discussed is very imp ortant. 4、Given more time,we are sure to finish it. 5、Will you please make yourself known to everyone here 三、It作形式主语及形式宾语题(这也是一个常考点,it本身是没有意思的,注意it 还可以指时间,天气等。) 1、It is difficult to study English well. 2、We think it is important to pass the exam. 四、强调句型(大家要记住的是it is (was)……that…,如果前面是it iswas 后面往往选用that,当然强调人的时候也可用who) 1、It was at an evening party that I first saw her. 2、It is what you will do that is important.

(完整版)深圳牛津版英语八年级下Chapter2词汇、语法、练习题汇总

A词汇 1、tough adj. 坚硬的; 坚强的,坚忍不拔的 e.g. tough young teenagers 粗暴的青少年。 He has a tough character.他有一个坚韧的性格。 2、popularity n. popular adj. 普遍,流行;受欢迎;有声望 e.g. the popularity of football 足球运动的普及 His generosity gained him popularity. 他的慷慨为他获得了人气。 3、toget her adv. 共同地 together with =as well as; along with 同…一起,和;连同. e.g. Their meal arrived, together with a carafe of red wine. 他们的菜上来了,还有一瓶红葡萄酒。 4、instead & instead of 替代 Instead既可以放在句中,也可以置于句末,常用逗号与后面的句子隔开,意 为“反而,相反的是”;instead of为固定搭配,意为“代替”,后面接被代替的人或事 I went shopping instead of going to the cinema. = I didn’t go to the cinema, I went shopping instead. = I didn’t go to the cinema, instead, I went shopping. 5、express v. 1表达, 陈述. 2特快发送,快递 expression n. 1.表情2.表示,表达3.词组 He expressed complete satisfaction.他表示完全满意。 He closed his letter with expression of grateful thanks. 他在那封信的结尾表达了自己的感激之情。 6、wonder v.对…产生疑惑,想知道n.奇观,奇迹;惊叹,惊异 e.g. They waited and wondered what to do. 他们等待着, 不知干什么。 I don‘t wonder at her refusing to marry him. 她拒绝和他结婚我一点也不感到惊异。 Books are filled with many wonders. 书中充满了新奇的事物。 7、pale adj. 1.苍白的,灰白的2.浅色的,淡的. e.g. His face turned pale at the sight of the blood. 他一看见血就脸色发白。 8、in total 总计,合计 e.g. Please tell me the total charges for the night. 请告诉我一晚的总费用。 His plan ended in total failure. 他的计划以彻底失败告终。 9、around adv. 在四周/ 大约/在附近 e.g. One of them was glancing nervously around. 其中有一个人在紧张地东张西望。

八年级上册英语语法归纳

八年级上册英语语法归纳 【篇一】 1. what 与which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于: What does your father do? What is your father’s job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如: ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特? ---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。 2. What...?是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而Which...?是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如: What color do you like best? (所有颜色) 你最喜爱什么颜色? Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定的范围) 你最喜爱哪一种颜色? 3. what 与which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如:Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国? 4) 频度副词的位置 1.常见的频度副词有以下这些: always(总是,一直) usually(通常)

often(常常,经常) sometimes(有时候) never(从不) 2.频度副词的位置: a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如: David is often arrives late for school. 大卫上学经常迟到。 b.放在行为动词前。如: We usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天经常在7:10去上学。 c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如:Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike. 有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。 3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如:Never have I been there. 5) every day 与everyday 1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。如: We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7:10去上学。 I decide to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。 2. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。 She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

人教版八年级英语上册重点语法及句型归纳.doc

1、不定代词 A.形容词修饰不定代词时,要后知,做后置定语。 I’ll tell you something interesting. B. 不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。 Everyone is here. 2、一般过去时:在一般过去式的句子中,要注意不规则动词过去式的形式与拼写,要牢记一般过去时的时间状语。 I went to the cinema yesterday. / He hurt his foot last night. 3、频度副词:在使用频度副词时,要注意频度副词在句子中的位置是:置于be 动词/情态动词/助动词之后,置于实意动词之前,而且对频度副词疑问要用how often。 He always sits in the front of the classroom. / I am never late for school. ------How often do you watch TV? -----Every night. 4、形容词、副词的比较等级 A.Than 是比较级的标志词,than前的形容词或副词要用比较级。 He is taller than me. B.有比较范围(如:in 或of 短语)时,用最高级。 He is the tallest of the three boys. C.形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the. I’m the best student in my class. D.不规则变化的形容词、副词的比较等级要记牢。 He plays the piano worst. 5、动词不定式

A. 跟动词不定式作宾语的常用动词要记牢。如:agree (同意);offer (提出);intend,plan (打算,计划);demand,ask (要求);promise (答应);help (帮忙);prepare (准备);decide (决定);refuse (拒绝);dare (敢于);choose (选择);wish,hope,want,expect ,would like (希望,想要);fail ;(不能;忘记);pretend (假装);manage (设法);determine (决心)。 记忆口诀:同意提出做计划,要求答应来帮忙。准备决定遭拒绝,敢于选择有希望。不能做到莫假装,设法做成决心坚。 B.要注意区分某些动词跟动词不定式和动名词所表达的不同意义,如stop doing 和stop to do 的区别。既能接不定式,又能接动词-ing 形式,但意思不同的动词或词组:即“四'记’”“力争”“不、后悔”。四“记”指“记得、记住(remember)”;“忘记(forget)”“计划、打算(mean)”;“继续(go on)”;力争指“try”;“不”“后悔”指stop与regret。He was too tired and 6、一般将来时 A. 要注意一般将来时的构成:be going to do 和will do. B. 一般将来时的时间状语:next month / week / ....., in + 时间段,tomorrow 等。 C. 注意there be 结构的将来时为:There is / are going to be......或There will be.....

人教版初二英语语法总结及复习要点

初二英语语法总结 1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如: When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的? 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如: Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如: Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京? 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如:How should I know? 我怎么知道? Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚? should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如: We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点: 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如: You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如: You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如: We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如:What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于: What does your father do? What is your father's job?

八年级英语 语法专项练习(无答案) 牛津版

八年级英语语法专项练习(无答案)牛津版 (1) 数词, 冠词, 介词, 动词时态变化, 比较级和最高级 一写出复数 1. radio 2. knife 3. glass 4. shelf 5. boss 6. dress 7. housewife 8.postman 9. leaf 10. church 11. mouth 12. family 13. tie 14. tomato 15. piano 16. baby 17. tooth 18. country 19. key 20 potato 21. match 22. box 23. hour 24. hero 二用冠词a, an, the 或 some , any 填空, 如果不需要,则用 / 代替. 1. Alice is ____ air-hostess. Her father is ____ engineer and her mother is _____ housewife. They all play ______ tennis very well. 2. He has ____ uncle and his uncle lives in ____ United Kindom. He first saw him in ____ autumn of 1978. 7. We need _____ ink, is there _____ left? 3. It is better to tell ______ truth than to tell _______ lies. 4. Will you have ______ more tea? There’s plenty in the pot. 5. There is ___university near my home. Every Saturday evening,___ students hold ____ party. ___ are dancing, ____ are singing. They make a lot of noise. 6. Get me ________ cigarettes, please. ______ kind will do. 三用适当介词填空. 1. Can you see the words written ________ the blackboard? (in, on, by, with) 2. She is taking the children out _______ a walk. (in, on, for, by) 3. You can choose the best one ________ them. (in, on, among, by) 4. Jack broke the chocolate _______ several pieces. (in, on, with, into) 5. There are two bridges ______ the river. ( in, on, with, into) 6. There is a slogan(标语) _______ the wall. (on, in, over, above) 7. He sits ________ his desk all day _______his head _______ his hands. He is deep in thought. (on, in, at, with) 8. _______ the help _______ the teachers, the students have made great progress _______their study. (on, in, of, with) 9. He will be back _______ a minute. ( on, in, for, by) 10. The teacher is standing _______ the class. (on, before, to, in) 11.Our train arrived_____Shanghai_____6:30______a foggy November day .(on, in, at, by) 四用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Tom ______ (be) ill last week, he ______ (be) much better now. 2. Jimmy and his sister _______ (be) here several days ago. They ________ (leave) for Beijing yesterday. 3. He ___________ (have ) a bath when the telephone ________(ring). 4. While I __________ (cook ) the dinner, he ___________(read) the paper. 5. He arrived just as I _____________ (answer) the phone. 6. After I heard the news, I ___________ (hurry) to see him. 7. We ____________ (be) disappointed if there is no snow for Christmas. 8. You ____________ (lie)! Stop it, and tell the truth like a man. 9. I _________ (be) hungry since five o’clock this morning.

最新译林英语八年级上册语法总结 总复习 直接打印

语法 形容词/副词的比较等级(1)—用法讲解 大多数的形容词都有三个级别:原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更……”,用于两者之间的比较,用来说明“前者比后者更……”,比较级前面一般用much, even, a little修饰,其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。最高级表示“最……”,用于三者及三者以上之间的比较,用来说明“某人或某物在某个范围内最……” ①形容词的比较级(-er)和最高级(-est)的构成 a.规则变化之口诀:直接加;去e加;双写加;变y加; more/ most b. 不规则变化 原级比较级最高级 good / well better best bad / ill worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther, further farther, further old older, elder oldest, eldest ②比较级前的修饰语 still, even, any, quite(a bit), almost, nearly, just, rather;a little, a bit;much, a lot, far, many;twice, ten times, one fourth, two pounds, three years 形容词的比较等级(2)—常见句型 ①A=B A+ V + as + adj./adv. + as + B (与。。。一样) He is as tall as I/me. 他和我一样高。He is as good a teacher as his father.他和他的父亲一样是个好教师。 ②A≠ B A + V + not + as/so + adj./adv. + as + B (与。。。不一样) They didn’t do as/so much work as you did. 他们干得事没有你多。 I’ve never seen as/so old a car as this.我从来没有见过像这样旧的车。 ③ A > B 或A < B A + V + 比较级+ than + B (比。。。<更>。。。) Tom is two years older than his brother. 汤姆比他的弟弟大两岁。 Our classroom is bigger than theirs. 我们的教室比他们的大。 ④表示倍数A + V + twice/four times/… + as + adj./adv. + as + B(A是B的两倍/四倍/…) This room is twice as large as that one. 整个房间是那房间的两倍大。 The earth is 49 times as big as the moon.地球是月球的49倍大。 ⑤表示程度的递增主语+ V + 比较级+ and+比较级(…越来越…) 主语+ V + more and more+ +adj./adv. (…越来越…) The days are getting shorter and shorter.白天变得越来越长了。 Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国家变得越来越美了。 ⑥表示两种情况同时变化 The+ 比较级+ 主语+ V + …,the+ 比较级+ 主语+ V + …(…越…越…) The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.=If we get together more, we’ll be happier. 我们聚得越多,我们就会越高兴。 The harder you study, the better you’ll be at English.= If you study h arder, you’ll be better at English. 你学习越努力,你的英语成绩越好。 ⑦主语+ be +one of the+ 最高级+ n.(pl.) + in/of…(…是最…之一) Beijing is one of the oldest cities in China.北京是中国最古老的城市之一。 ⑧主语+ V。+ the+ 最高级+ in/of…(…最…) Ann studies hardest of all the girls in our class.安妮是我们班学习最用功的学生之一。 ⑨主语+ V。+ the+ 比较级+ of the two…(…<两者中>较…的) Lily is the taller of the twins.莉莉是这两个双胞胎中较高的那个。 ⑩主语+ V。+ 比较级+ than + any other +n. (单数) + in…(…比任何其他的更…) 主语+ V。+ 比较级+ than + any of the other +n. (复数) + in…(…比任何其他的更…)

牛津英语八年级A+Unit+语法讲解

牛津英语八年级8AUnit 2语法讲解 本单元的语法现象主要有二: 一、两者进行比较的方式: ◆more/ fewer/ less…than,这种句型中的more, fewer, less用语比较数量,后面加上名词。 more是many或much的比较级,表示“更多的……”,后面既可接可数名词的复数形式,也可接不可数名词。如: I have more spare time than you. 我的空余时间比你多。 Who picked more apples on the farm yesterday, Jim or Jane? 昨天在农场谁摘的苹果更多,是Jack还是Jane? less是little的比较级。是“更少”的意思,后面只能接不可数名词。如: He spends less money on clothes than I. 他在衣服上花的钱比我少。 fewer是few的比较级,意为“更少”,后面必须接可数名词的复数形式。如: I got fewer points in the exam than you. 在考试中我得的分数比你的更少。 ◆两者比较还有两外一种方式:即相似“the same as”和不同“be different from”。如: His school is quite different from ours. =His school is not the same as ours. 他的学校与我们的不一样。 ◆如果对三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较,则用“the +most+可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词”、“the fewest+可数名词的复数形式”句型和“the least+不可数名词”。如: Who has the fewest friends of the three? 三个人中谁的朋友最少? 【拓展延伸】 在英语中,遇到两个人或两件事物进行比较的情况时, ◆要在同一范围内进行比较时,必须把主体排除在被比较的对象之外。如: Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. 上海要比中国的任何城市都大。 ◆要注意只有同一类事物才能做比较。如: My classroom is bigger than yours. 我的教室比你们的(教室)大。 ◆形容词比较级前一般不用定冠词the,但是句中若有“of the two”这样的结构,即表示两者中“较……的一个”时,要加表示特指的定冠词the。如: She is the more careful of the two. 她是两人中较为仔细的一个。

八年级上册英语语法汇总

一. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级 1. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 (1)单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est。 ①单音节单词 small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest ②少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词 clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest (2)以不发音e结尾的单音节单词,比较级在原形后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st。

large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest (3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest (4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest (5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。

beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily (6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→furthest/farthest 2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法 (1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。 Tom is taller than Kate. 汤姆比凯特高。

英语牛津译林版八年级下册语法大全

(UNIT1)现在完成时的重点和难点 一、现在完成时的完成用法和未完成用法 1.现在完成时的完成用法 现在完成时的完成用法指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束,但该动作对现在产生了影响,与现在情况具有因果关系。例如:He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。 (动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。) 现在完成时完成用法的特点是动作不延续,因此,该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如:already,yet,before,recently等)、频度时间状语(如:never,ever,once等)、 包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如:this morning / month /year...,today等)连用。 例如: Have you found your pen yet?你已找到你的钢笔了吗? 2.现在完成时的未完成用法 现在完成时的未完成用法指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续 下去。 例如:He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。(动作起始 于1978年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。) I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。(动作开始于5年前,一直延续至今,有可能还要继续下去。) 此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导),或表示与现在时刻相 连的时间状语(如:up to now,so far到目前为止)等。 例如:I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。 注意:(1)现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词,不可用于终止性动词,即瞬间完成 或延续时间很短的动词。如:come,go,arrive,leave,join,become,die等。 (2)现在完成时常见两种句型: ①主语+have / has been+for短语 ②It is+一段时间+ since从句 例如:He has been in the League for three years.或It is three years since he joined the League. 他入团已三年了。 3、延续性动词和终止性动词的概念 英语中,动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短,可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。 终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后 立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。 4、延续性动词的用法特征 1.延续性动词可以用于现在完成时,其完成时态可与表示段时间的状语连用。表示段时间的 短语有:for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。如:I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英 语了。

相关主题
文本预览
相关文档 最新文档