2019-2020学年高中英语人教版必修三Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
【Learning goals】学习目标
1. Get familiar with the words and phrases in this unit.
2. Master the basic use of important words, phrases and sentence structures .
3. Learn to use the basic knowledge in this unit.
一、课文回顾Complete the following passage with the help of the reading.
At the very beginning, the earth was just a cloud of dust after the “Big Bang”. The earth exploded
1.________(loud) with fire and rock. They were in time
2.________(produce) many things,
3.________ were to make the earth’s atmosphere. As the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. It allowed the earth to dissolve
4.________(harm) gases. Then life began to develop. The first small plants multiplied and filled the oceans and seas
5.________ oxygen. This encouraged the
6.________(develop) of early shellfish and fish. Land animals
7.________ insects, reptiles and dinosaurs and so on appeared after green plants appeared. Small clever animals spread all over the earth. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, 8________(prevent) heat from the earth into space. 9.________ life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come 10.________(depend) on whether this problem can be solved.
1-5 loudly; to produce; which; harmful; with 6-10 development; like; preventing; Whether; will depend
二、本单元重点基础语言知识巩固Learn and keep in mind the use of the important words, phrases
1. puzzle n.（游戏的）猜谜；难题；谜vt. & vi.（使）迷惑；（使）为难；（使）窘困；感到迷惑puzzling令人迷惑的puzzled迷惑不解的，感到困惑的puzzlement迷茫；困惑
常见搭配:
puzzle over/about 苦思冥想；仔细琢磨
puzzle sth. out 琢磨出……的答案或解决办法
be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解
a puzzle 一件让人感到困惑的事情
be in a puzzle 感到困惑；不知如何是好
e.g. (1). I’m in a puzzle as to what to do next. 对于下一步该做什么我也不知道。
(2). These scientists have been puzzling about/over how to solve the environmental problem.
这些科学家一直苦思冥想如何解决这个环境问题。
2.unlike prep. 不同；不像adj. 不同的；不相似的
常见搭配:
It’s like/unlike sb. to do sth. 做某事实在像/不像某人
be unlike in 在……不一样
like prep. 像，类似vt. 喜欢
something like 差不多；有点儿像；大约；（口语）了不起的；像样的；名副其实的
dislike vt. 不喜欢，讨厌
e.g. (1). A serious drought, like any other natural disaster, can do great harm to human beings. 严重干旱，像其他任何的自然灾害一样，会对人类造成很大伤害。
(2). There were something like 500 people in the audience. 观众大约有500人。
3. cheer up （使）高兴；（使）振奋；感到高兴；感到振奋
常见搭配：
cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来
cheer sb. on （比赛中）以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油
Cheers! [口语]（用于祝酒）干杯！
考考你：完成句子
(1). Give Mary a call; she needs ____________________. 给玛丽打个电话，她需要人安慰。
(2). When I’m feeling sad, my mother tells me funny stories ____________________.
(1).cheering up (2).to cheer me up
4. watch out for 密切注意；当心；提防
常用搭配：
watch out for sb./sth. 警惕或注意某人/某物
watch over 保护；照看
考考你：完成句子
(1). ____________________ the haze; it may do great harm to our health.
当心这种雾霾天气，它可能对我们的健康造成很大损害。
(2). You will be cheated if you don’t ___________________. 你如果不提防会受骗的。
(3). There must have been an angel ____________________ me that day.
那天一定有个天使在照看着我。
(1).Watch out for (2).watch out (3).watching over
知识运用：语法填空
My view on constellation(星座)
When girls gossip about the couple, they always believe in the constellation. They treat it 1.______ an important standard to measure whether the couple will be suitable or not. I doubt it 2.______ (deep) , because people’s emotion can’t 3._________ (decide) by the constellation.
The people who believe in the constellation think that their 4._______ (character) are described by it. When they read it, they find what the constellation says is completely consistent(与….一致) with their characters. Thus, they usually do as 5.______ the constellation suggests.
However, I don’t believe in constellation. First, there are 12 constellations, 6.________ (mean) there are 12 characters. We are told that there are no two same men in the world, 7.______ means every person has his own character. Second, if we read what every constellation says, we may find 8.______ describes the good and bad side of the character. People will 9.________ (natural) choose to keep the good side 10._____ their mind. So that’s why people think the constellation is right.
We should not judge people according to constellation, for it is just a funny thing. Instead, we should believe in science.
1-5 as; deeply; be decided; characters; what; 6-10 meaning; which; it; naturally; in.
语法专项：表语从句背诵下列句子背诵下列含有表语从句的句子，注意连接词的选择。
1.(2016·高考北京卷) The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust. 雨季最令人愉快的事情就是人们可以完全免受尘土的影响。
2.(2010·高考北京卷) Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was
that it was rather closely modeled on his own life. 狄更斯喜欢他自己创作的小说《大卫·科波菲尔》的部分原因是小说非常贴近他本人的真实生活。
3.(2014·高考湖南卷) As John Lennon once said, life is what happens to you while you are busy making other plans. 正如约翰·列侬曾经所说的那样：当你正在为生活疲于奔波时，生活已离你远去。
4.(2011·高考陕西卷) I’d like to start my own business—that’s what I’d do if I had the money. 如果我有那么多钱，我会自己做买卖，那就是我想做的事。
5.(2015·高考安徽卷) A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not what ships are built for.
停靠在港口里的轮船是安全的，但那不是轮船被建造的目的。
6.(2014·高考浙江卷) “Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is wha t my mother used to tell me. “每次你吃糖果的时候，喝点绿茶。”这就是我妈妈过去常常告诉我的。
7.(2014·高考江苏卷) —What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I’m not to blame, mum. I am what you have made me. ——真是太乱了！你总是这么懒惰！——妈妈，别责怪我。你使我成了现在这个样子的。
8.(2014·高考四川卷) Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That’s where I was born.”
奶奶指着那家医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。”
9.(2013·高考安徽卷) From space, the earth looks blue. This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面大约71%都被水覆盖着。考考你
单句填空
(1). My reason for being late was __________ I had a flat tire.
(2). The advice my father offered to me on my major was __________ I should follow my interest.
(3). One advantage of this new teaching method is __________ students can decide by themselves how and what they learn.
(4). Money is important, but that’s not __________ I want.
(5). There will be more plastic than fish in the world’s oceans by 2050, which is __________ a new report from the World Economic Forum and Ellen MacArthur Foundation warns.
(6). What the boy couldn’t recall was __________ he had placed his mother’s keys.
(7). Education is __________ remains when we have forgotten all we have been taught.
(8). The place at which the bridge is supposed to be built should be __________ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
(9). My wife tries her best to do everything for our children. That’s exactly __________ I disagree.
(10). I know one of the things that I was unsure about was __________ hard it would be to climb that mountain.
1-5 that; that; that; what; what 6-10 where; what; where; where; how
单句改错
(1). The message of Saving Private Ryan is whether humans want peace, not war.
(2). The reason why I didn’t go to Shanghai the day before yesterday was because I didn’t catch the train.
(3). One of the glorious moments in my school life was that I was awarded the Mayor’s Award.
(4). The hip-hop singer is always drawing attention to issues that are usually ignored. That’s why is so great about him.
(5). Nowadays parents tend to do everything for their children and that’s what they are mistaken.(1).whether改成that (2).because改成that (3). that改成when (4).why改成what (5). what改成where
【推荐】2020年北师版高中英语必修三（全册） 精品教学案汇总 Killer whales have the second-heaviest brains among marine mammals (after Sperm whales, which have the largest brain of any animal). They can be trained in captivity (囚禁；关 押) and are often described as intelligent, although defining and measuring “intelligence” is difficult in a species whose
environment and behavioral strategies are very different from those of humans. Killer whales imitate others, and seem to deliberately teach skills to their kin. Off the Crozet Islands, mothers push their calves onto the beach, waiting to pull the youngster back if needed. People who have interacted closely with killer whales offer numerous anecdotes demonstrating (证明) the whales' curiosity, playfulness, and ability to solve problems. Alaskan killer whales have not only learned how to steal fish from Iong lines, but also have overcome avariety of techniques designed to stop them, such as the use of unrated (未分级的；未征税的) lines as decoys. Once, fishermen placed their boats several miles apart, taking turns retrieving (恢复；取回) small amounts of their catch, in the hope that the whales would not have enough time to move between boats to steal the catch as it was being retrieved. A researcher described what happened next: The killer whale's use of dialects and the passing of other learned behaviours from generation to generation have been described as a form of animal culture.
2019-2020学年高中英语人教版必修三 Unit 4 Astronomy: the Science Of The Stars天文学：恒星的科学 II．Reading HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH 地球上的生命是怎样开始的No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago. 由于地球的产生是那么的久远，所以没有人确切知道地球是怎样产生的。【注释：as it happened 碰巧eg. They were all out, as it happened.真巧, 他们全出去了。】However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang”that threw matter in all directions.然而，根据一个广泛接受的理论，宇宙开始于一次“创世大爆炸”，该爆炸将物质抛向各个方向。【注释：in all directions四面八方；各个方向eg. The birds flew away in all directions when he fired a salute with a“bang”.当他“砰”的一声鸣礼炮时，鸟飞向各个方向。】After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.之后，原子开始形成，并结合形成恒星和其他物体。 For several billion years after the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just a cloud of dust.就在“宇宙大爆炸”之后的几十亿年间，地球依然是一团尘埃。What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.这一团尘埃会变成什么还不能确定，直到45亿至38亿年前，这团尘埃才形成一个固定的球体。【注释：settle into有头绪, 上正轨eg. Things soon settled into shape.事情很快有了头绪。】The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.地球变得如此剧烈，以致于它能否持续下来还不清楚。【注释：①so… that…如此…以致于…：eg. The words tumbled out so fast that I could barely hear them.话说得那么快，我几乎都听不清。②it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是whether the shape would last or not.】It exploded loudly with fire and rock. “大爆炸”发生时伴有(艳丽的)火焰和岩石。【注释：explode vt. & vi.使爆炸；爆发explode with anger勃然大怒；explode with laughter哄然大笑；explode into laughte r突然大笑起来；explode into pieces炸得粉碎。如：Many people were injured when the boiler exploded.锅炉爆炸时，许多人受了伤。】They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere.他们最终形成了碳、氮、水蒸气和其它气体，而这些就构成了地球的大气。【注释：in time (1)迟早, 最后eg. In time you'll
高中英语人教版必修三单词表． 必修3 Unit 1 1、发生 2、美；美人 收获；收割3、庆祝；祝贺4、狩猎者；猎人、5(使)饿死；饿得要死、6起源；由来；起因7、8、宗教上的;信奉宗教的;虔诚的 9、季节的；季节性的 10、祖先；祖宗 11、（日本）盂兰盆节 坟墓；墓地12、熏香；熏香的烟13、14、纪念；追念 15、墨西哥（拉丁美洲国家） 16、节日；盛宴 17、头脑；头骨 18、骨；骨头 19、万圣节前夕；诸圣日前夕
信任；信心；信仰20、 21、盛装；打扮；装饰 欺骗；诈骗;窍门诡计;恶作剧22、23、搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑 诗人、2425、哥伦布日 26、到来；到达；到达者 27、克利斯朵夫·哥伦布 28、获得；得到 29、独立；自主 30、独立的；自主的 搜集；集合；聚集31、 32、农业；农艺；农学 农业的；农艺的、33授予；判定奖；奖品34、 35、产品；（尤指）农产品 雄禽；公鸡36、37、赞美；钦佩；羡慕 38、充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的 39、期望；期待；盼望 狂欢节；（四旬斋前的）饮宴狂欢；嘉年华（会）40、 41、月的；月亮的；阴历的耶稣)复活节42、(43、游行；阅兵；检阅、日夜；昼夜；整天4445、衣服 2 必修3 基督徒；信徒、46基督教的；信基督教的 47、耶稣 48、樱桃；樱桃树 49、花开花 50、好像 51、玩得开心 52、习惯；风俗 53、遍及全世界的；世界性的 玫瑰花蕾54、55、愚人；白痴；受骗者 干傻事；开玩笑傻的 必要性；需要56、57、许可；允许 预言；预报；预告58、59、样子；方式；时尚 60、特立尼达岛 61、卡拉（女名） 62、哈利（男名） 63、（汽车等）停放 64、停车场 65、圣瓦伦廷节；人节 66、出现；到场 67、守信用；履行诺言 68、屏息；屏气 69、道歉；辩白 70、淹没；溺死；淹死
普通高中课程标准实验教科书《英语》电子课本 Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world B3U1P1-3 FESTIV ALS AND CELEBRATIONS Ancient Festivals Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere. The most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Other celebrations were held when hunters could catch animals. They would starve if food was difficult to find, so they celebrated when they had food. They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty. Festivals of the Dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. In Japan the festival is called Obon, when people should go to clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico they have the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people might eat food in shape of skulls, and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in memory of the dead. It is now a children’s festival, when they can go to their neighbours’ homes and ask for sweets. They dress up and try to frighten people. If they are not given anything, the children might play a trick. Festivals to Honour People Festivals can be held as an honour to famous people or to the gods. One of these is the Dragon Boat Festival in China, which honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. Another is Columbus Day in the USA, in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in America. In India there is a national festival on October 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter ,and because a season of agricultural work is over. In European countries it is the custom to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and people get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their animals, flowers, fruits and vegetables, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. In China and Japan there are mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and give gift of mooncakes. Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat, and may give children lucky money in the red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the lunar New Year together. In some Western countries there are very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. They might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival in Christian countries. It celebrates the return of Jesus for Christians and it also celebrates the coming of spring. In Japan, the Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each others. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.
Unit 4 Astronomy : the science the stars I .写出下列必考单词 1.大气层n . 2.乘，增加v . 3.人造卫星n . 4.不同，不像prep . 5.气候n . _____ 6.地心引力；重力n . 7.理论n . ____________ 8.碰撞，坠落v . 9.宇宙飞船n . 10.拉力，拖，牵引力n.&v . 11.基本的，基础的adj . 12.链子，锁链n . 13.天文学n . ]4.原子n . II.写出下列单词的变化形式 1.系统（n .）；系统的（adj .） 2.球体，地球（n .）；全球性的（adj .） 3.猛烈的（adj .）"暴力（n .）；猛烈地（adv .） 4.生存（v .）；生存（n .） 5.物理学家（n .）；物理（n .）；身体的（adj .） 6.生物学（n .）；生物学家（n .） 7.宗教（n.）；宗教的（adj.） 8.原子（n.）；原子的（adj.） ?活学活用 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.The treatment they gave him did him more than good, though the doctor insisted it was ___________ .（harm） 2.Air everywhere and its makes it possible for us to live on. （exist） 3.He is very.For example, the lifting device he made is a of ropes and pulleys, （system） 4.A tour means traveling all around the. （globe） 5.The use of against the attackers led to more clashes, （violently） 6.She was a woman who wouldn, t hurt an ant. （gently） III.翻译下列必背短语 1.及时，终于_______________ 2.下蛋 ______________ 3.高兴，振奋_______________ 4.产生，分娩_______________ 5.轮到某人_______________ 6.爆发 ______________ 7.阻止 ______________ 8.既然 ______________
Unit 1 Festivals around the world FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. Today’s festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events. Festivals of the dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They also light lamps and play music because they think that will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets. If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. Festivals to Honour People Festivals can also be held to honour famous people. The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Y uan. In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World. India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals when people admire the moon and in China enjoy moon-cakes. Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together. Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of al kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world. It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life. Japan’s Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while.
必修三 Unit1 festivals around the world 1.take place 发生（指按计划发生，相当于不及物动词，没有被动语态）； happen发生（指偶然地没有预见地发生，也是不及物动词，没有被动语态，） take the place of 代替 e.g. The 2012 Summer Olympics will take place in London. A funny thing happened in our class last Monday. I will take the place of him to finish the work. 2. in memory of…纪念；追念（介词短语） e.g. I send you this card in memory of our happy summer together. 3. lead…to…把……带向（引领到）…; lead to…导致 e.g. I will lead the blind man back home. Regular reviewing leads to better grades. 4. in the shape of…以/在……的形状 e.g. I dare eat the food in the shape of skulls. 5. belief 信任；信心；信仰。其复数为beliefs. 6. dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰。dress up as…打扮成…… e.g. We dressed up for the school party on Christmas Day. They tried to dress him up as a “national hero”. dress up, put on, wear, have on 的区别 1）dress意思是给自己或别人穿衣服。可单独用作不及物动词；作及物动词接宾语时要接表示人的名词、代词或反身代词。dressed可作表语，be dressed (in)表示“穿着”的状态。2）put on 表示“穿上、戴上”，是终止性短语，表动作，其宾语是衣服、鞋、帽、手套、袜子、眼镜等。 3）wear是“穿着、戴着”，除了接普通衣服外，还可指佩戴手表、首饰、徽章、花以及留发型、胡须等，含义最广。 4）have on表示静态“穿着、戴着”，多用于口语，是比较普通的用语，不用于进行时。 7. play a trick on…搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑。还常用作play tricks on… e.g. He intends to play a trick on that girl. Don’s play tricks on me- I want to know the truth. 8. award n. 奖，奖品（可数）vt.授予；判定 e.g. He won the first awards of many English contests. The school awarded Mary a prize for her good work.学校因为玛丽的出色表现而奖励了她。medal, prize, reward和award用法辨析： medal指“奖章，勋章，纪念章”，如金牌、银牌等。 prize指“奖品，奖金；战利品；捕获物”，如在竞争或比赛中赢得的，或作为对胜利或优胜的嘉奖的东西 reward指“回报，报酬，报应”，为相应的行为作酬劳或为邪恶的举止作报应而授予或收到的东西。 award指“奖品”，因优点奖励或授予的东西。 e.g. How many gold medals has he won? My brother won the first prize in the contest. A large reward is offered for the capture of the criminals.
Unit 1 1、发生 2、美；美人 3、收获；收割 4、庆祝；祝贺 5、狩猎者；猎人 6、(使)饿死；饿得要死 7、起源；由来；起因 8、宗教上的;信奉宗教的;虔诚的 9、季节的；季节性的 10、祖先；祖宗 11、（日本）盂兰盆节 12、坟墓；墓地 13、熏香；熏香的烟 14、纪念；追念 15、墨西哥（拉丁美洲国家） 16、节日；盛宴 17、头脑；头骨 18、骨；骨头 19、万圣节前夕；诸圣日前夕 20、信任；信心；信仰 21、盛装；打扮；装饰 22、诡计;恶作剧;窍门欺骗；诈骗 23、搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑 24、诗人 25、哥伦布日 26、到来；到达；到达者 27、克利斯朵夫·哥伦布 28、获得；得到 29、独立；自主 30、独立的；自主的 31、搜集；集合；聚集 32、农业；农艺；农学 33、农业的；农艺的 34、奖；奖品授予；判定 35、产品；（尤指）农产品 36、雄禽；公鸡 37、赞美；钦佩；羡慕 38、充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的 39、期望；期待；盼望 40、狂欢节；（四旬斋前的）饮宴狂欢；嘉年华（会） 41、月的；月亮的；阴历的 42、 (耶稣)复活节 43、游行；阅兵；检阅 44、日夜；昼夜；整天 45、衣服
46、基督徒；信徒 基督教的；信基督教的 47、耶稣 48、樱桃；樱桃树 49、花开花 50、好像 51、玩得开心 52、习惯；风俗 53、遍及全世界的；世界性的 54、玫瑰花蕾 55、愚人；白痴；受骗者 干傻事；开玩笑傻的 56、必要性；需要 57、许可；允许 58、预言；预报；预告 59、样子；方式；时尚 60、特立尼达岛 61、卡拉（女名） 62、哈利（男名） 63、（汽车等）停放 64、停车场 65、圣瓦伦廷节；人节 66、出现；到场 67、守信用；履行诺言 68、屏息；屏气 69、道歉；辩白 70、淹没；溺死；淹死 71、悲哀，悲伤 72、明显的；显而易见的 73、擦；揩；擦去 74、（使）迂回 75、牧群；兽群 76、银河 77、喜鹊 78、哭泣;流泪哭；哭泣 79、广播员；告知者；报幕员 80、出发；动身；使爆炸 81、提醒；使想起 82、使……想起…… 83、原谅；恕 Unit 2 84、日常饮食节食 85、意大利式细面条 86、坚果；果仁 87、肌肉；（食用）瘦肉 88、给予保护的；保护的
1.必修三Unit1 Festivals and celebrations节日和庆典 Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. 自古以来，世界各地就有各种各样的节日和庆典。Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. 最古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束、春季的种植和秋天的收割。Sometimes celebrate would be held after hunters had caught animals. 有时，在猎人捕获猎物后，也举行庆祝活动。At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. 在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们会挨饿。Today’s festivals have many origins ,some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events. 现在的节日有很多由来，一些是宗教上的，一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。 Festivals of the Dead亡灵节 Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. 有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。For the Japanese festival. Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. 在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. 他们还点起灯笼，奏响乐曲，因为他们认为这样做可以把祖先引回到世上。In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. 在墨西哥，亡灵节是在11月初。On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them. 在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. 他们向亡者祭献食物、鲜花和礼品。The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. 西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets. 万圣节如今成了孩子们的节日，这天他们可以乔装打扮上到邻居家要糖吃。If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. 如果邻居什么糖也不给，那么孩子们就可以捉弄他们了。 Festivals to Honour People纪念名人的节日 Festivals can also be held to honour famous people . 也有纪念名人的节日。The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Y uan. 中国的端午节（龙舟节），是纪念著名古代诗人屈原的。In the USA Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in New World. 美国的哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现“新大陆”的日子。India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. 印度在10月2日有个全国性节日，纪念莫汉达斯·甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。 Harvest Festivals庆丰收的节日 Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. 收获与感恩节是非常喜庆的节日。People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. 越冬的粮食收集起来了，农活结束了，人们都心怀感激。In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals. 在欧洲国家，人们通常用花果来装饰教堂和市政厅，在一起聚餐。Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. 有些人还可能因为他们的农产品（参加各种评选）而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy
必修三Module 1 ⒈be located/ situated ( on/ in / to…) = lie/ stand (on/ in/ to) 位于…的；坐落于…的；处于…地位（状态的） ⑴我们学校坐落于一个美丽的地方，周围有青山绿水环绕。 Our school is situated in the beautiful place, with green mountains and clear rivers around. ◆ situation n. 立场；局势；形势 in a …situation 处于….状况中；在…形势下 1). In the present situation, I wouldn?t advise you to sell your house. 在目前的形势下，… 2). You?re putting me in a very embarrassing situation. 你使我处于非常尴尬的境地。 3). With no rain for three months and food supplies running out, the situation here is getting worse. 三个月无雨，食品供应也将消耗殆尽，这里情况越来越糟糕了。 ⒉face 1). face up to 勇敢面对（接受并处理） (be) faced with 面对；面临 face (to the) south/north/east/west 面朝南/北/东/西 2). face to face 面对面(地) in (the) face of 面对；在…面前 make a face at 向…做鬼脸 save/lose face 保全/丢面子to one?s f ace 当着某人的面 stare sb. in the face 盯着某人 turn red in the face 涨红了脸 be+过去分词+介词（这些词作状语或定语时用ed形式,be 去掉） be faced with；be compared with be seated；be hidden； be lost / absorbed/occupied in be abandoned/ addicted to（沉溺于）； be born；be dressed ；be tired of （厌烦）等 ⒊表示“某物在哪个方向”可用south/north/east/west等，构成以下几种表达方式。 (1). …is in the south of 在…的南部（在内部） …is on the south of 在…的南边（接壤） …is to the south of 在…以南（在外部） …is south of 在…的南部（不指明在内部还是外部） (2). 把表示方位、地点的介词或副词短语放在句首，句子用完全倒装语序。 ①.Jiangsu is on the south of Shandong. South of Shandong is Jiangsu. ②.East of our school lies a railway. ⒋倍数表示法： as…as ◎A is …↓… (more than) times -er than B 倍数the N. of size, length, height, weight…