2011年职称英语等级考试真题(理工类C级)
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge.
A. hard
B. good
C. short
D. long
2. Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.
A. reported
B. admitted
C. hoped
D. answered
3. My doctor said I should vary my diet more.
A. prepare
B. cook
C. change
D. choose
4. We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.
A. investigated
B. offered
C. included
D. accepted
5. A number of theories have been proposed to explain the situation.
A. tested
B. suggested
C. used
D. announced
6. Things have changed a lot since I was a child.
A. gradually
B. suddenly
C. greatly
D. frequently
7. They converted the spare bedroom into an office.
A. reduced
B. turned
C. moved
D. reformed
8. The book took ten years of thorough research.
A. basic
B. social
C. major
D. careful
9. She can be relied on in a crisis.
A. depended on
B. looked after
C. believed in
D. turned on
10. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.
A. effort
B. problem
C. influence
D. concern
11. His long-term goal is to set up his own business.
A. idea
B. energy
C. order
D. aim
12. His shoes were shined to perfection.
A. cleared
B. washed
C. polished
D. mended
13. The love of money is the root of all evil.
A. result
B. end
C. force
D. cause
14. The test produced disappointing results.
A. indirect
B. similar
C. positive
D. unsatisfactory
15. Eventually，she got a job and moved to London.
A. Certainly
B. Finally
C. Luckily
D. Naturally
2011年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案及解析(理工类C级)
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1．C
【解析】题意：格林在剑桥度过了短暂的时光。
划线词词义是“短暂的”。
A项hard意为困难的；例句：I know this is too hard for you．我知道这对你来说太难了。
B项good意为好的；例句：He is a good mail．他是一个好人。
C项short意为短暂的；例句：Why did you just rest a short time?为什么你只休息了这么短时间?
D项long意为长的。例句：She spent a long time with her parents．她跟她的父母待了很长的时间。
很明显C项正确。
2．B
【解析】题意：玛莎承认她对电脑一无所知。
划线词词义是“承认”。
A项reported意为报道；例句：It is reported that 20 people were killed in the accident．这次事故据报道有20人死亡。
B项admitted意为承认；例句：Of course，part of the challenge is her admitted difficulty with acting in English．当然，一部分困难是她自己承认的用英语表演的困难。
C项hoped意为希望；例句：Things are not moving as fast as we hoped．事情的进展不像我们希望的那么快。
D项answered意为回答。例句：The question is simple enough to answer．这个问题很简单，容易回答。
很明显B项正确。
3．C
【解析】题意：我的医生说我应该饮食多样化。
划线词词义是“改变，使多样化”。
A项prepare意为准备；例句：Liming prepared everything for his examination．李明为考试做了一切准备。
B项cook意为烹调；例句：Are you good at cooking?你擅长烹饪吗?
C项change意为改变；例句：Do you change your mind?你改变你的想法了吗?
D项choose意为挑选。例句：Please choose a red one for me．请为我挑选一个红色的。
很明显C项正确。
4．A
【解析】题意：在会上，我们研究了扩建的可能性。
划线词词义是“调查，研究”。
A项investigated意为调查，研究。例句：The police are investigating the murder．警察正在调查这件谋杀案。
B项offered意为提供；例句：If she was offered the job she’d take it．如果提供给她这个工作，她就会接受。
C项included意为包括；例句：The bill came to $467，tax included．账单共计467美元，含税。
D项accepted意为接受；例句：I accepted it cheerily．我高兴地接受了。
很明显A项正确。
5．B
【解析】题意：已提出很多理论来解释这种情况。
划线词词义是“建议”。
A项tested意为检验；例句：Is this equipment tested for mechanical aptitude?这台设备测定了其机械适应性了吗?
B项suggested意为提出；例句：He suggested a plan to expand the office．他提出扩建这问办公室的计划。
C项used意为使用；例句：The car used a gallon of petrol for the journey．汽车在路上消耗了一加仑汽油。
D项announced意为宣布。例句：Mr．Robert Brown was announced as the sponsor．罗勃特?布朗先生被宣布为赞助人。很明显B项正确。
6．C
【解析】题意：自我幼年时代以来事物都发生了很大变化。
划线词词义是“许多，大量”。
A项gradually意为逐渐地；例句：The rain lessened gradually and gave over at last．雨渐渐小下来，终于停止了。
B项suddenly意为突然地；例句：Suddenly he began to shriek loudly．突然他开始大声尖叫起来。
C项greatly意为大大地。例句：His writing has improved greatly in this semester.
这学期他的写作有了很大进步。
D项frequently意为频繁地；例句：He comes to visit me frequently．他经常来看我。很明显C项正确。
7．B
【解析】题意：他们把空闲的卧室改成了一间办公室。
划线词词义是“转换，改造”。
A项reduced意为减少；例句：They are selling the goods under the counter at reduced prices．他们正在削价偷偷出售商品。
B项turned意为改变；改良，使改成。例句：Nothing will ever turn him from his purpose．什么也不能使他改变目标。
C项moved意为移动；例句：The army is on the move．军队在移动。
D项reformed意为改革；改良；例句：Because of his encouragement，she won the best designer by her reformed cheongsam．因为他的鼓励，她以她的改良式旗袍赢得了最佳设计师奖。
很明显B项正确。
8．D
【解析】题意：详尽地研究该书耗费了十年时间。
划线词词义是“彻底的，详尽的”。
A项basic意为基础的，根本的；例句：Let me enlarge on this basic theme．让我进一步阐述一下这个基本主题。
B项social意为社会的，社交的；例句：we are invited to a small social gathering．我们被邀请参加一个小型社交聚会。
C项major意为较大的，主要的。例句：This is the major part of whole thing．这是整件事情的主要部分。
D项careful意为精心的，彻底的；例句：The doctor gave her a careful examination．医生对她作了彻底的检查。
很明显D项正确。
9．A
【解析】题意：在危急关头可以依赖她。
划线词词义是“依靠，依赖”。
A项depended on意为依赖，信任。例句：More importantly，can he be depended on?更重要的是，可以依靠他吗?
B项looked after意为照顾；例句：Are you being well looked after?大家对你照顾得好吗?
C项believed in意为相信；例句：We all believed in her prediction．我们都相信她的预言。
D项turned on意为打开；例句：We troubled him to turn on the light．我们麻烦
他打开电灯。
很明显A项正确。
10．C
【解析】题意：高速列车可能对我们的生活产生很大的影响。
划线词词义是“影响”。
A项effort意为努力；例句：They are making every effort to decrease the production cost．他们正尽全力减少生产成本。
B项problem意为问题；例句：we had no time to deliberate on the problem．我们没有时间仔细思考这个问题。
C项influence意为影响。例句：Children are easily influenced by their peers．孩子很容易受同辈影响。
D项concern意为关心，挂念；例句：Hardly a whisper of concern has been voiced．没有人表示过一点点的关心。
很明显C项正确。
11．D
【解析】题意：他的长期目标是建立自己的公司(业务)。
划线词词义是“目标”。
A项idea意为想法；例句：It would be a good idea to go swimming in the pond．到池塘里去游泳倒是个好主意。
B项energy意为能量；精力；例句：Young people usually have more energy than the old．青年人通常比老年人精力充沛。
C项order意为命令。例句：The appeal court quashed the care order made by the juvenile court．上诉法院宣布少年法院发出的照看命令无效。
D项aim意为目标；例句：The chief aim of man is not to get money．人的主要目的并不是赚钱。很明显D项正确。
12．C
【解析】题意：他的鞋擦得很亮。
划线词词义是“使发光，使发亮”；擦亮(皮鞋等)。
A项cleared意为澄清；扫除；例句：Each human is born with a bag of karma to be cleared in this life．每个人生来均带有一系列要在此生清除的业力。
B项washed意为洗；例句：Can I put washed produce in the bag?我可以把洗过的农产品放进口袋么?
C项polished意为擦亮；抛光；例句：The children loved sliding round the newly polished floor．孩子们喜欢在刚擦亮的地板上溜圈子。
D项mended意为修补。例句：We need an electrician to mend the iron．我们要请电工修理熨斗。很明显C项正确。
13．D
【解析】题意：贪财是一切罪恶之根源。
划线词词义是“根；根源，原因”。
A项result意为结果；例句：They worked without result．他们徒劳无功。
B项end意为结束；例句：The accident put an untimely end to the party．意外事故使聚会匆匆结束了。
C项force意为力量。例句：But they refused to bow to force．但他们拒不向武力低共。
D项cause意为起因；例句：It’s certain that every effect must have a cause．无疑，每个结果必定有其原因。
很明显D项正确。
14．D
【解析】题意：这项试验产生了令人失望的结果。
划线词词义是“使人失望的，令人扫兴的”。
A项indirect意为间接的；例句：His indirect way of telling me to leave annoyed me．他那种不直截了当地让我离开的方式激怒了我。
B项similar意为类似的；例句：He talked about it in a similar way．他对此事有相似的说法。
C项positive意为积极的；肯定的。例句：She shows a very positive attitude to her work．她工作态度非常积极。
D项unsatisfactory意为不能令人满意的；例句：His answer is unsatisfactory．他的答案不能令人满意。
很明显D项正确。
15. B
【解析】题意：最后她找到了一份工作并搬到了伦敦。
划线词词义是“最后，终于”。
A项Certainly意为的确，无疑；例句：She certainly bears you no malice．她对你的确并无恶意。
B项Finally意为最后．最终。例句：She finally settled on teaching．她最后选定了教书这一职业。
C项Luckily意为幸运地；例句：Luckily there was a doctor on the spot．幸运的是现场有一位医生。
D项Naturally意为自然地；例句：A mother naturally feels protective towards her children．母亲对自己的孩子自然会悉心保护。
很明显B项正确。
第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题,每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提
供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
A Great Quake Coming?
Everyone who lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the bav area．Theyhad keen devastating in 1906，for example，a major quake destroyed about 28．000 buildings andkilled hundreds，perhaps thousands of people． Residents now wonder when the next"big one"willstrike．It's bound to happen someday．At least seven active fault(断层)lines run through the SanFrancisco area．Faults are places where pieces of earth's crust(地壳)slide past each other．Whenthese pieces slip，the ground shakes．
To prepare for that day。scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens. One new finding about the 1906 quake is that the San Andreas Fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time．During small earthquakes，faults rupture at about 2．7 kilometersper second．During bigger quakes，however，ruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometersper second．
At such high speeds，massive amounts of pressure build up，generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself．Lucky for San Fancisco，these pressure pulses(脉冲) traveled alway from the city duffng the 1906 event．As bad as the damage was，it could have been farWorse．
Looking ahead，scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur.Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906 event． Since then，the area has been relatively quiet．Pattems in the data，however，suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the bay area before 2032 is at least 62 percent．
New buildings in san Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes．Still，more than 84 percent of the city's buildings are old and weak．Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage．
People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty qmet for a while．Accoeding to the new research，however，it's not a matter of whether the big one will hit. It's just a matter of when．
16. The San Francisco area is located above several active fault lines．
A．right
B．wrong
C．not mentiond
17．The 1906 earthquake in San Francisco is the most severe one in American history．
A．fight
B．wrong
C．not mentioned
18．The highest speed of fault ruptures in the 1906 quake was more than 3．5 kilometers per second
A．fight
B．wrong
C．not mentioned
19．Earthquakes rarely happened in San Francisco before 1906．
A．fight
B．wrong
C．not mentioned
20．San Francisco is fully prepared for another big earthquake．
A．right
B．wrong
C．not mentioned
21．Scientists will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soon．A．right
B．wrong
C．not mentioned
22．A major earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable．
A．right
B．wrong
C．not mentiond
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
Cell Phones
1． Believe it or not，cell phones have been around for over a quarter of a century．The first commercial cell phone system was developed by the Japanese in 1979．But cell phones have changeda lot since that time．The early cell phones were big and heavy but they have developed into smalland light palm-sized models．There have been huge developments in their functions，too．We havehad cell forwarding，text messaging，answering services and hands-free use for years，but now thereare countless new facilities，such as instant access to the internet and receiving and
sending photos．
2． Cell phones have become very common in our lives；recent statistics suggest as many as one in three people on the planet now have a cell phone，and most of them say they couldn't live without one．Cell phones are used in every area of our lives and have become a necessary tool，usedfor essential arrangements，social contact and business．They have made it easier to call for help onthe highway．They have made it possible to keep in touch with people"on the move"when peopleare traveling．3． Cell phones have made communication easier and have reduced the need for family argu ments．We can use cell phones to let our family know we'll be late or if there's a change of plan oran emergency．Cell phones have eased the worries of millions of parents when their teenagers are outlate，they can now contact their children at any time．
4．This does not mean that cell phones are all good news．They have brought with them anumber of new headaches for their owners：it costs a lot to replace stolen phones，something that isbecoming a frequent occurrence，and have you ever seen such huge phone bills? More serious，however，is the potential health problem they bring：there are fears that radiation from the phones maycause brain tumor(肿瘤)。This may be a time bomb waiting to happen to younger people who havegrown up with cell phones that they simply can't live without．
23．Paragraph 1_________________
24．Paragraph 2_________________
25．Paragraph 3________________
26．Paragraph 4_________________
A．Cell phones and the family
B．Commercial cell phone systems
C．Cell phones in everyday life
D．Cell phones for teenagers
E．History of cell phones
F．Problems with cell phones
27．Nowadays cell phones are equipped with_______________
28．Cell phones are common in our lives and have become________________
29．We can use cell phones to communicate with others when we
encounter_________________
30．In spite of many benefits，cell phones have brought for their
owners_________________
A．a necessity．
B．an emergency．
C．a number of new headaches．
D．family arguments．
E．big and light palm-sized models．
F.countless new facilities
第4部分：阅读理解(第3l一45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
Arctic Melt
Earth's North and South Poles ale famous for being cold and icy．Last year，however，theamount of ice in the Arctic Ocean feU t0 a record low．Normally，ice builds in Arctic waters around the North Pole each winter and shrinks during thesummer．But for many years，the amount of ice left by the end of summer has been declining．
Since 1979，each decade has seen an 11．4 percent drop in end of summer ice cover．Between1981 and 2000，ice in the Arctic lost 22 percent of its thickness，becoming 1．13 meters thinner．
Last summer，Arctic sea ice reached its skimpiest levels yet．By the end of summer 2007，theice had shrunk to cover iust 4．2 million square kilometers．That's 38 percent less area than the average cover at that time of year．And it's a very large 23 percent below the previous record low，whichwas set just 2 years ago．This continuing trend has scientists concerned．
There may be several reasons for the ice melt，says Jinlun Zhang，an oceanographer at the University of Washington at Seattle．Unusually strong winds blew through the Arctic last summer．Thewinds pushed much of the ice out of the central Arctic．leaving a large area of thin ice and open water．
Scientists also suspect that fewer clouds cover the Arctic now than in the past．Clearer skies allow more sunlight to reach the ocean．The extra heat warnls both the water and the atmosphere．Inparts of the Arctic Ocean last year，surface temperatures were 3．5℃ warmer than average and 1．5℃warmer than the previous record high．
With both air and water getting warmer，the ice is melting from both above and below．In someDarts 0f the Beaufort Sea，north of Alaska and western Canada，ice that measured 3．3 meters thickat the beginning of the summer measured just 50 centimeters by season's end．
The new measurements suggest that melting is far more severe than scientists have seen by justlooking at ice cover from above，says Donald K．Perovich，a
geophysicist at the U．S．Army ColdRegions Research and Engineering Laboratory in Hanover，N．H．
Some scientists fear that the Arctic is stuck in a warming trend from which it may never recover．
31．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word"build"in the first sentence of the second paragraph?
A．construct
B．extend
C．create
D．expand
32．What is the ice cover in the Arctic by the end of 2007 summer?
A．4．2 million square kilometers
B．11．4 million square kilometers
C．1．13 million square kilometers
D．38 million square kilometers
33．What are the reasons for the ice melting according to the scientists?
A．strong winds and clear skies
B．long summer and short winter
C．open water and thin ice
D．light clouds and light winds
34．Why is the ice melting from both above and below?
A．Because extra heat warms the air．
B．Because extra heat warms the water．
C．Because the temperature above the water is higher．
D. Rnth A and B．
35．What can be a possible title for the passage?
A．What are scientists looking for in the Arctic Ocean?
B．What are scientists doing in the Arctic Ocean?
C．Why are scientists worrying about the Arctic Ocean?
D．Why are scientists interested in the Arctic Ocean?
2010年职称英语理工类(C级)考试真题及答案(word版)内容包括：词汇选项，阅读判断，概括大意与完成句子，阅读理解，补全短文，完形填空试题及答案。
第二篇
Citizen Scientists
Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycleevent-flowering，the appearance of leaves，the first frog calls of the
spring all around the world．
But ecologists can't be everywhere so they're turning to non-scientists，sometimes called citizen scientists，for help．
CIimate scientists are not present everywhere．Because there are so many places in the worldand not enough scientists to observe all of them，they're asking for your help in observing signs ofclimate change across the world．The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people too bserve a very specific research
interest-birds，trees，flowers budding，etc．and send their observationsto a giant database to be observed by professional scientists．This helps a small number of scientiststrack a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own．Much like citizenjournalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat，citizen scientists are ready for theconditions where thev live． All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each weekto gather data and send it in．
A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology Network．"Phenology"is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.
One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year．The program，called Projeet BudBurst，collects life cycle da. ta on a variety of common plants from across the United States．People participating in the projectwhich is open to everyone record their observations on the Project BudBurst website．
"People don't have to be plant experts，they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood，"says Jennifer Schwartz，an education consultant with the project．"As we collectthis data．we'll be able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes．"
36．Ecologists turn to non-scientist citizens for help because they need them__________________．
A．to provide their personal life cycles
B．to observe the life cycle of plants
C．to collect data of the life cycle of living things
D．to teach children knowledge about climate change
37．What are citizen scientists asked to do?
A．To develop a specific research interest and become professional scientists．B．To send their research observations to a professional database．
C．To increase their knowledge about climate change．
D．To keep a record of their research observations．
38．In"All that，s needed to become one…(paragraph2)"，what does the word"one"stands for?
A．a citizen journalist
B．a citizen scientist
C．a scientist
D．a citizen
39．What is NOT true of Project BudBurst?
A．Only experts can participate in it．
B．Everybody can participate in it．
C．It collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants．
D．It has its own website．
40．What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst?
A．To study when plants will have their first buds．
B．To find out the types of plants in the neighborhood．
C．To collect life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States．
D．To investigate how plants and animals will respond as the climate changes．
第三篇
Rockets in the Sky
If someone asked you．"What color is the sky?"I expect that you would answer，"Blue．"I amafraid that you would be wrong．The sky has no color．When we see blue，we are looking at bluesunlight．The sunlight is shining on little bits of dust in the air．
We know that there is air all around the world．We could not breathe without air．Airplanescoutd not fly without air．They need air to lift their wings．Airplanes cannot fly very high because asthey go higher the air gets thinner．If we go far enough away from the earth，we find there is no air. What is the sky?The sky is space．In this space there is nothing except the sun，the moon andall the stars．Scientists have always wanted to know more about the other worlds in the space．They havelooked at them through telescopes and in this way they have found out a great deal．
The moon is about 384．000 kilometers away from the earth．An airplane cannot fly to the moonbut there is a thing that can fly even when there is no air．This is rocket．
I am sure that you are asking．"How does a rocket fly?"If you want to know，get a balloon andthen blow it up until it is quite big．Do not tie up the neck of
the balloon．Let go!The balloon willfly off through the air very quickly．The air inside the balloon tries to get out．It rushes out through neck 0f the ballOOfl and this pushes the balloon through the air．It does not need wings like an air. plane．This is how a rocket works．It is not made of rubber like a balloon，of course．It is made ofmetal．The metal must not be heavy but it must be very strong．There is gas inside the rocket whichis made very hot．When it rushes out of the end of the rocket，the rocket is pushed up into the air．
Rockets can fly far out into space．Rockets with men inside them have already reached themoon．Several rockets，without men inside them，have been sent to other worlds much farther away．
One day rockets may be able to go anywhere in the space．
41．What color is the sky?
A．It iS blue． B．It iS white．
C．It is grey．D．It has no color．
42．When an airplane flies too high，___________.
A．the air will be too thin to support its wings．
B．the air will become thicker．
C．the air will exert pressure on it．
D．the air will disappear in no time．
4 3．A rocket can fly to the moon because__________
A．it looks like a balloon．
B．it is much lighter than an airplane．
C．it doesn't have wings．
D．it works like an untied balloon．
44．Which of the following statements about a rocket is NOT true?
A．It can fly when there is no air．
B．It can fly without wings．
C．It is made of strong metal．
D．It is propelled by burning gas inside it．
45．A rocket is pushed up into the air when__________
A．hot gas rushes out of its head．
B．it is powered by gas．
C．hot gas rushes out of its bottom．
D．hot gas rushes out of its neck．
第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分。共10分)
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将
其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
Houses of Future
What will houses be like in thirty years'time?No one really knows，but architects are trying topredict．________(46)．
Future houses will have to be flexible．In thirty years'time even more of us will be working fromhome．So we will have to be able to use areas of the house for work for part of the day and for livingfor the rest．Families grow and change with children arriving，growing up and leaving home． _________(47)，nothing will be as fixed as it is now．The house will always be changing to meetchanging needs．Everyone agrees that in thirty yeasr's time we will be living in"intelligent"houses．We will beable to talk to our kitchen machines and discuss with them what to do．Like this，"we'll be haying aparty this weekend．What food shall we cook?"_________(48)．We will be able to leave most ofthe cooking to the machines，just tasting things from time to time to check．
The house of the future will be personal-each house，__________(49)，you won't haye to paintthem-you'll be able to tell the wall to change the color!And if you don't like the color the next day． You will be able to have a new one．______(50)．A．you will be able to change the color of the wall easily
B．the only thing you won't be able to do is moving the house soreewhere else C．and the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy and how t0 cook it
D．what will our home be like
E．the house of the future will have to grow and change with the family
F．the kids might take their bedrooms with them as thev have
第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Seeing Red Means Danger Ahead
The color red often means danger and by paying attention，accidents can be prevented． In thefuture，the color red also may help__________(51)danger at construction sites．Thanks to new workby engineers，bridge supports
or_________(52)kinds of materials could one dav contain a colorswitching material．It will turn red__________(53)a structure collapses or falls apart．The secret_________(54)the color switching material is a particular type of molecule(分子)． A molecule is a group of atoms(原子)held together by chemical bonds．Molecules come (55)all shapes and sizes，and make up___________(56)．You can see，touch or feel．How a mole． cule behaves depends on___________(57)kinds of atoms
it contains，and how thev're held together．
When a polymer(聚合物)containing a color switching molecule called a mechanophore(机械响应性聚合物)which is about to break，it produce
a__________(58)．When a polymer withmechanophore molecules becomes"injured"or_______________(59)，one of the mechanophore
bonds__________(60)and the material turns red．"It's a really simple detection method．"says NancySottos，one of the scientists who worked on the project． Sottos and her team tested the color switc． hing polymers in their lab．The
test__________(61)proved encouraging．
There is a way to get rid of the color．light．When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore．
The broken bond is fixed and the red
color____________(62)．This"self-healing"may be a Problemfor engineers．They need to use the color changer in big construction projects that will be
(63)in sunlight．And sunlight will make the mechanophore's warming
system_________(64)． Sottos and her fellow scientists still
have______________(65)work to do before．The color switc． hing molecules can be used outside the lab．
51．A．throw B．prevent C．create D．keep
52．A．other B．another C．the other D．others
53．A．until B．although C．after D．before
54．A．on B．behind C．under D．down
55．A．for B．in C．from D．at
56．A．nothing B．anyone C．someone D．everything
57．A．why B．how C．what D．where
58．A.color B．trouble C．what D．where
59．A．strong B．soff C．weak D．time
60．A．closes B．breaks C．increases D．bums
61．A．results B．rules C．tools D．methods
62．A．repairs B．controls C．finishes D．disappears
63．A．inside B．beside C．outside D．above
64．A．dangerous B．useless C．helpful D．important
65．A．a part of B．a type of C．a lot of D．a part of
职称英语考试综合B试题真题完整版 文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]
2016年职称英语综合B真题 第一部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. All houses within 100 meters of the seas are (at risk) of flooding. A. out of control B. between equals C. in particular D. in danger 2. The idea was quite (brillian)t. A. positive B. clever C. key D. original 3. Stock market price (tumbled) after rumor of a rise in interest rate. A. regulated B. fell C. increased D. maintained
4. We are worried about this (fluid) situation full with uncertainty. A. stable B. suitable C. adaptable D. changeable 5. The (revelation) of his past led to his resignation. A. imagination B. confirmation C. disclosure D. recall 6. Jensen is a dangerous man, and can be very (brutal). A. careless B. strong C. cruel D. hard 7. The coastal has area has very (mild) winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold. A. warm B. severe C. hard D.dry
2016职称英语考试真题及答案 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题l分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1、Have you talked to her?lately? https://www.doczj.com/doc/ca13691843.html,stly B.finally C.shortly D.recently 2、 About?one quarter of?the workers in the country are employed in factories. A.third B.fourth C.tenth D.fifteenth 3、 The dentist has decided to?extract?her bad tooth. A.take out B.repair C.push in D.dig 4、 We shall keep the money in a?secure?place. A.clean
B.secret C.distant D.safe 5、 This table is strongand?durable. A.long-lasting B.extensive C.far reaching D.eternal 6、 He endured agonies before he finally?expired. A.fired B.resigned C.died D.retreated 7、 There are only five minutes left, but the?outcome?of the match is still in doubt. A.result B.judgement C.estimation D.event 8、 The great changes of the city?astonished?every visitor to that city A.attacked
2017年职称英语理工类A类词汇练习题及答案2017年职称英语理工类A类词汇练习题及答案 1It is (ridiculous) to dispute about such things. A foolish B shocking C frightening D amusing 2It was (obvious) that she was not going home. A evident B necessary C possible D probable 3He (replied) that this was absolutely impossible. A stated B answered C said D claimed 4He (Confesses) that he has done it. A agrees B alleges C admits D answers 5He lacked the strength to (deal with) all these problems A think of B talk about C copy down D cope with 6He (purchased) a ticket and went up on the top deck. A bought B took C showed D made 7Foreign money can be (converted) into the local currency at this bank. A written B changed C moved D reported 8He looks like a (crazy) man. A lazy B patient C mad D happy 9We cannot permit such (conduct). A movement B words C principle D behavior 10 She (started) to clean the kitchen. A stopped B began C continued D kept 11 John (talked over) the new job offer with his wife. A discussed B mentioned C accepted D rejected 12 I (rarely) wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a car. A normally B continuously C seldom D usually 13 We (explored) the possibility of closer trade links at the conference. A rejected B investigated C proposed D postponed 14 He often (finds fault with) my work. A criticizes B praises C evaluates D talks about
试卷一 I. Vocabulary Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. 1. It is possible to predict how much energy and water a building will consume, how much _______ will be needed. A. matter B. things C. material D. substance 2. They found that the positive thinkers sold 37 percent more insurance than did the_______ thinkers. A. negative B. positive C. active D. passive 3. In labs around the world, bad bugs are undergoing the ultimate rehabilitation, being _______ from life-threatening viruses and bacteria into lifesaving therapeutic agents. A. translated B. transported C. transformed D. transmitted 4. The fresh air is sometimes humid from the _______rainfall of this area. A. numerous B. abundant C. plenty D. substantive 5. We know that many animals _______ the deep seas at pressures of 15,000 pounds per square inch. A. live on B. live in C. live through D. live up to 6. Speakers and writers of the Germanic languages _______for a great deal of the world's output in everything from economics to literature to military to science and technology. A. account B. allow C. apply D. arrange 7. _______of the great state of Illinois, let me express my deepest gratitude for the privilege of addressing this convention. A. On account B. In honor C. In place D. On behalf 8. The companies that are finding ways to hang on to their older workers _______ from an intangible commodity: wisdom. A. obtain B. earn C. develop D. benefit 9. I raced to_______ Jill. A. keep on B. keep up with C. come up with D. come up to 10. Managers need to monitor inflation trends so they can make good _______. A. decisive B. decisions C. decide D. decided 11. Fluency can be _______ defined as "being able to communicate ideas without having to stop and think too much about what one is saying." A. simple B. simply C. similar D. simplify 12. The number of vehicles has been steadily increasing. _______, more than 100 cities in the United States still have levels of carbon monoxide that exceed legally established limits. A. Continuously B. Consequently C. Constantly D. Consistently 13. A(An) _______ is better than the text and may make the point clear. A. interpretation B. representation C. illustration D. draw 14. Some of the world's best mountain _______ is available within the 500-kilometer long chain of the Southern Alps. A. scene B. scenery C. scarce D. scare 15. After a through research, the police __ most of the missing jewels. A. retreated B. refreshed C. recovered D. reminded 16. A gold-rated building is estimated to have reduced its environmental impact by 50% compared with a(an) __ conventional building. A. equivalent B. alike C. uniform D. likely 17. When pessimists __ in their first attempt, they usually say, "I can't do this." A. feel B. fail C. defeat D. lost 18. Six years __ before she got another note from Teddy. A. went into B. went around C. went by D. went on 19. The company owns a large number of _______ stores. A. export B. bargain C. retail D. trade 20. The cost of self-education has fallen with the multitude of sources of knowledge and information _______ on CD-ROMs and the Internet. A. preferable B. ready C. available D. considerable II. Grammatical Structure Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. 21. Put things back _______ you found them.
2015年职称英语理工类C级考试真题及答案第一部分：词汇选项 1. The weather last summer was awful. A. bad B. fair C. dry D. hot 参考答案：A 2. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. guilt C. obligation D. punishment 参考答案：D 3. My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher. A. definitely B. generally C. certainly D. greatly 参考答案：D 4. There is a need for radical changes in education.
A. revolutionary B. long-term C. short-term D. systematic 参考答案：A 5. It frustrates me that I‘m not able to put any of my ideas into practice. A. discourages B. shows C. surprises D. frightens 参考答案：A 6. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A. limit B. fear C. power D. fool 参考答案：B 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. gather B. clear C. share D. spare
职称英语等级考试试题-综合A6 第三篇Play Play is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development. In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby’s ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully. In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling(涂鸦) and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others. Bt the third stage of play development-from five to seven or eight years-the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which type of toys the chills most enjoys.
2020年职称英语理工A概括大意真题及答案 Geothermal(地热)Energy 1.Since heat naturally moves from hotter regions to cooler ones, the heat from the earth's center flows outwards towards the surface. In this way, it transfers to the next layer of rock. If the temperature is high enough, some of this rock melts and forms magma(岩浆). The magma ascends in its turn towards the earth's surface. It often remains well below the earth's surface, creating vast areas of hot rock. In such regions, there are deep cracks, which allow rainwater to descend underground. Some of the heated rainwater travels back up to the earth's surface where it will appear as a hot spring. However, if this ascending hot water reaches a layer of impermeable(不可渗透的)rock, it remains trapped, forming a geothermal reservoir. If geothermal reservoirs are close enough to the surface, they can be reached by drilling wells. Hot water and steam shoot up the wells naturally, and can be used to produce electricity in geothermal power plants. 2.A few geothermal power plants depend on dry-stem reservoirs which produce steam but little or no water. In these cases, the steam is piped up directly to provide the power to spin a turbine generator. The first geothermal power plant, constructed at Lardarello in Italy, was of this type, and is still producing electricity today. 3.Most currently operating geothermal power plants are either "flash" steam plants or binary(双重的)plants. Flash plants produce mainly hot water ranging in temperature from 300° to 700°Fahrenheit. This water is passed through one or
全国职称英语考试历年真题及答案 理工类-A级 2003-2010 目录 1.2003年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (2) 2.2004年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (16) 3.2005年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (35) 4.2006年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (54) 5.2007年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (68) 6.2008年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (76) 7.2009年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (89) 8.2010年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (102)
2003年职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题及答案第一部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1. The union representative put across her argument very effectively. A explained B invented C considered D accepted 2. He talks tough but has a tender heart. A heavy B strong C kind D wild 3. It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. A making B taking C discussing D expecting 4. Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. A waste B buy C use D sell 5. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. A function B ability C power D volume 6. Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. A tensely B nearly C carefully D closely 7. Her faith upheld her in times of sadness. A supported B excited C inspired D directed
2020年职称英语理工类A级真题及答案（词汇选项）2020年职称英语理工类A级词汇选项考试真题及答案 第1部分：词汇选项（第1——15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The revelation of his past ledto his resignation. A.imagination B. confirmation C.recall D. disclosure 答案为D. revelation(揭露)– disclosure(揭露) 2. Jensen is a dangerous man, and can bevery brutal. A.careless B. cruel C.strong D. hard 答案为B. brutal(残忍的) – cruel 3. You’ll have to sprint if youwant to catch the train. A.jump B.escape C. run D.prepare 答案为C. sprint (快速奔跑) – run(奔跑) 4. We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty. A. changeable B. stable C.suitable D.adaptable
答案为A. fluid(不稳定的) –changeable (易变的) 5. The new garment fits herperfectly. A.haircut B. purse C. clothes D.necklace 答案为C. garment(衣服) –clothes(衣服) 6. The phobia may have its root in achildhood trauma. A.fear B. joy C. hurt D.memory 答案为C. trauma(精神上的创伤) – hurt(感情上的伤心或痛苦) 7. They have to build canals to irrigatethe desert. A.decorate B. water C.change D. visit 答案为B. irrigate(灌溉) –water(给…浇水) 8. Her overall language proficiencyremains that of a toddler. A.disabled B. pupil C.teenager D. baby 答案为D. toddler(学步的儿童) – baby(婴儿) 9. The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold. A. warm B.severe C.hard D.dry
2011年真题： 第1部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1.His shoes were shined to perfection. A. cleared B. polished C. washed D. Mended 2.She can be relied on in A. looked after C. turned on B.believedin D.depended on 3.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer. A. admitted B. reported C. hoped D. answered 4.The test produced disappointing results. A. unsatisfactory B. indirect C. similar D. positive 5.My doctor said I should vary my diet more A, change B. prepare C. cook D. choose 6.Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge. A. hard C. short B. good D. long 7. The book took ten years of thorough research A. basic B. careful. C, social D. major 8. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives. A. effor B. problem C. influence D. Concern 9.Eventually, she got a job and moved to London A. Certainly B. Luckily C. Naturally D. Finally 10.The love of money is the root of'all evil A. result B. end C. cause D. Force 11.We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference A. offered B. investigated
++2010年全国职称英语综合类（A级）考试真题及答案 第一部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners. A. bad B. polite C. similar D. usual 2. Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment. A. love B. surprise C. doubt D. anger 3. Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day. A. energentic B. physical C. regular D. free 4. Our aggrangements were thrown into complete turmoil. A. failure B. confusion C. doubt D. relief 5. Steep stairs can present a particular hazard to older people. A. evidence B. danger C. case D. picture 6. I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues. A. long B. original C. humorous D. boring 7. He demolished my arguments in minutes. A. disproved B. disputed C. accepted D. supported 8. The two banks have announced plans to merge next year. A. combine B. sell C. close D. break 9. Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone. A. immediate B. great C. equal D. moderate 10. I want to provide my boys with a decent education. A. private B. general C. good D. special 11. Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth. A. attract B. encourage C. require D. spend 12. He was kept in appalling conditions in prison. A. critical B. temble C. necessary D. normal 13. I can't put up with my neighbor's noise any longer, it's driving me mad. A. measure B. generate C. tolerate D. reduce 14. The project required ten years of diligent research. A. hardworking B. scientific C. basic D. social 15. He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school. A. unclear B. bright C. bad D. general 第二部分：阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分) 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 The Writing's on the Wall? Is it art or is it just vandalism (野蛮行为)? Well, it's still a crime, but graffiti (涂鸦) has changed since the days of spraying your name on a wall to mark your territory. Street art has become much more sophisticated since a 17-year-old called Demetrius started spraying his "tag" , TAKI 183, all over the New York underground in 1971, and hip - hop culture was born. Hip-hop is a mixture of art, music and dancing, poetry, language and fashion. It came from young inner-city people who fell left out by their richer classmates and who were desperate to express themselves in any way they could. An experiment to control the spread of graffiti in Rochdale, Creater Manchester, has been sosuccessful that plans have been made by local street artists for an international convention in June. "We're planning to get people together from different countries like France and Cermany for a week, " says Liam, one of the organizers. The scheme started in 2000, and has attracted people of all age groups and both sexes. " We all share a commen interest and get on really well with each other. " The first site to be chosen was a subway. " Before we began, people were afraid to use the subway. We had it cleaned up and now, with all the artists hanging out down there, people are using it again. People can relate to graffiti much more now. " By providing places to display their talents legally, there has been a fall in the amount of "tagging" on people's private property. Street artists Temper developed his drawing skills at a young age. In art classes at school he was really frustrated because the Art teacher didn't spend time with him. They thought he was already very good at art and so spend more time with other students. So, at 12 years old, Temper started painting with all these guys he'd hooked up with who were about 22 years old. He looked
2012年职称英语试题综合类（B级）试卷及答案 第一部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题-1分；共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. We need to extract the relevant flnancial data. A. store B. obtain C. save D. review 2. His shoes were shined to perfection. A. cleared B. polished C. washed D. mended 3. She always finds fault with everything. . A. simplifies B. evaluates C. criticizes D. Examines 4. Anderson left the table, remarking that he had some work.to do A. doubting B. thinking C. saying D. Knowing 5. They converted the spare bedroom into an office. A. reduced B. moved C. reformed D. turned. 6. Mr. Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year A. held B. increased C. expected D. offered 7. We have to act within the existing legal framework A. limit C. status B. procedure D. system 8. Jane said that she couldn't tolerate the long hours A. spend C. stand B. take D. last 9. At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened A. give B. attach C. understand D. lose 10.The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular. A. general C. strong B. traditional