英语四级、六级写作：如何将简单句变成长难句
应试作文的评分标准尽管描述语言不同，但都可以分为内容、组织和语言三个方面，如果是应用文，还要看语域(主要指语言使用是否符合场合)和格式。新四级作文的评分标准也不能脱离以上三大方面：内容按照题目提纲扩展即可；组织除了要注意段与段之间的连贯与衔接之外，还要特别注意考生最容易忽略的句与句之间的逻辑性；最难提高的是语言，即用词的丰富性和句子的复杂性。要拿到新四级写作高分，就必须在语言上有所起色，语言是绕不过去的一个心结，那么语言突破之路，到底在何方呢？答曰：简单句。
这是从广大考生的实际出发给出的回答。因为学了很多年的英语，大部分考生还是能够写出一些东西的，最起码能够写出一些英语的简单句吧。简单句包括S+V(主谓句)，S+V+O(主谓宾)，S+V+O+O(主谓宾宾)，S+V+O+C(主谓宾宾补)，S+V+C(主系表)，复杂一些的句子无不是由这些简单句演变而来的。
用简单句写复杂思想
学了这么多年英语，为什么还不能写出好的句子？原因在于想得太复杂了。我们可以将要表达的汉语思想，全部说成简单的句子，而简单句，在写作时是考生可以掌控的。之后再将简单句加以润色、组合，使之登堂入室，夺取高分。
例如写这句话：大学生刚刚毕业就想立刻找到高薪的工作是不可能的。看到这样的汉语句子，一般我们的反应是要用It is impossible for sb. to do sth.. 这样的句型，然后想着往里填词：在sb. 的位置填上“刚刚毕业的大学生”，在不定式的位置填上“找到高薪的工作”，如：It is impossible for刚刚毕业的大学生to找到高薪的工作.
那么“刚刚毕业的大学生”怎么写？英语里面好像找不到一个表示“刚刚毕业的”形容词放在大学生前面，所以就要用定语从句，写成college students who have just graduated，如果graduated不会写，先写成left；然后怎么写“高薪的”，英语里面也没有这样一个形容词放在jobs的前面，所以用定语从句，写成to find jobs which can give them a lot of money。这样这个句子将写成：It is impossible for college students who have just graduated to find jobs which can give them a lot of money. 这样将两个定语从句放在这个句型里面，实在是太容易犯错了。实际上，刚刚毕业的大学生可以写成：newly-graduated students, 而高薪的工作可以写成well-paying jobs, 将这两个短语放进去，成为：It is impossible for newly-graduated students to find well-paying jobs，与上面的定语从句相比会获得更高的分数。不过试问，能写出这两个短语的有几人呢？
我们能不能换一种思路，想得简单点，把上面一句话拆分成为四句：
①每年，都有很多大学生毕业。
②他们都想找到工作。
③这些工作可以给他们很多钱。
④这是不可能的。
我相信这样的句子大部分考生很快就可以写出来：
①Every year, many college students graduate.
②They all want to find jobs.
③These jobs can give them a lot of money.
④This is impossible.
第一句话属于五种简单句中的主谓句，第二句是主谓宾，第三句是主谓间宾直宾，第四句是主系表。
下面我们看看能不能润色一下：第一句话我们将熟悉的many改为heaps and heaps of (一批一批的)，这是换词；然后?：from universities；又想到还有独立的学院，再加上and institutes。第一句话变成：Every year, heaps and heaps of college students graduate from universities and institutes.
这句话这样一改，便成气候了。
第二句和第三句可以用定语从句连接起来，因为第三句的主语是第二句最后jobs的重复，所以②＋③成为：They all want to find jobs，which can give them a lot of money. 再润色，我们发现give可以改为offer，a lot of money可以改为handsome salaries。利用学过的语法知识我们可以让这个句子更加复杂，给定语从句中加一个插入语：they hope，放在which后面，这样这句话就成为：They all want to find jobs，which they hope can offer them handsome salaries.
第四句话也可以和前两句连在一起，这次不采用主从复合句，而采用并列句，因为意思发生转折，故用but连接，而impossible太绝对了，改为hardly possible，于是成为：They all want to find jobs，which they hope can offer them handsome salaries，but this is hardly possible.
所以最初的那句话，经过拆解、加工(换词和连句)形成了下面的一组句子：Every year, heaps and heaps of college students graduate from universities and institutes. They all want to find jobs，which they hope can offer them handsome salaries，but this is hardly possible.
上文总共32个词，与我们刚才认为很难达到的那个句子It is impossible for newly-graduated students to find well-paying jobs (10个词)相比，气势上毫不逊色，但是哪一种写法更适合广大考生的情况呢？当然是从熟悉的东西着手改造更为可取，像newly-graduated和well-paying这样的天外来客式的词组需要积累，或者自己有意去搜寻。再强调一下：上面这组句子是我们从简单句变过来的。这说明：简单句这只丑小鸭也可以变成白天鹅！这是对四级考生写作应试方面最大的启示！
笔者坚定地认为，写好四级作文，切勿好高骛远，一下子就想写出来很复杂的句子可能会搞得遍体鳞伤。所以，要从可以掌控的东西出发，即将复杂的汉语思想分解成为简单句，或者说，学会想简单的句子，然后表达成为简单句，进而对之进行再加工，要么换词，要么连句，如此润色，写作可成矣！
长难句写作思路
英文写作的思维就像一个黑洞，似乎深不可测，但如果我们将写作的过程视为一个看不见的汉译英的过程就会简单明了得多。根据笔者的经验，英文写作一般是先想主语，因为主语是一句话的开头；再想谓语，谓语中应该会先写助动词，所以先想用什么时态、语态、情态；接下来是动词，动词要考虑的是用及物动词还是不及物动词，是系动词还是实义动词。
如果是及物动词就要考虑跟宾语，系动词就要考虑跟表语。如下图所示：
系动词跟表语
下面，我们一起来写几句话。
例一：国际旅游业创造了很多就业机会。
这句话比较简单。首先想想写这句话主语应该是什么？应该是“国际旅游业”，谓语应该是“创造”，还要带一个宾语“就业机会”。这句话的主干应该是：旅游业创造就业机会。对应的简单句句型应该是主谓宾S+V+O。先写主语：International tourism；下面考虑时态，这应该是一个经常反复发生的动作，故用一般现在时，create这个动词应该加s；create 是及物动词，所以后面加上many job opportunities, 写成：International tourism creates many job opportunities.
例二：外出工作让母亲们没法照顾好孩子。
这是一个稍微难的句子，先想主语，是“外出工作”，在主语的位置要用动名词，写成Working outside；“让”不能写成let，要用make, 时态用一般现在时，故make要加s；make是及物动词，后跟宾语mothers, “没法照顾好孩子”就成为宾语补足语，构成S+V+O+C的句型，宾语补足语用形容词，写成unable to take good care of their children, 全句成为：Working outside makes women unable to take good care of their children.
当然还可以写成：Working outside makes it impossible for women to take good care of their children.
这句话将原句进行了适当变通，使之成为“外出工作让母亲们照顾好孩子成为不可能”，然后活用了it作为形式宾语，将不定式后置。相比之下第一种写法稍显生硬。
第三种写法：Working outside deprives women of the chance to take good care of their children.
这句话将原句进行了适当变通，使之成为“外出工作剥夺了母亲们照顾好孩子的机会”，活用了deprive sb. of 这个句型。所以英语写作有很多可能，可选择自己最有把握的句子写出来。
例三：五月到九月份，公司的营业额极不稳定。
这句话在图表写作时可能遇到。五月到九月份可以理解为在五月到九月份，作时间状语，写成between May and September；主语选择“公司的营业额”，将这句话理解为“是极不稳定的”；谓语动词选择系动词be的过去式，为was；“不稳定的”用形容词erratic, 这句话可以写成主系表结构S+V+C：Between May and September, the turnover of the company was fairly erratic.注意系动词所表示的“是”，经常在汉语思维中隐藏。
结束语：简单句需要同学们好好训练，因为简单句是走向更复杂句子结构的基础，也是新四级考生在临场考试时最能够有把握写好而不犯错的句型。
英语四级阅读真题长难句解析18 86. As the trade winds lessen in strength, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5℃. (2006年6月) 【分析】本句为复合句。主句为the ocean temperatures rise。as 引导时间状语从句。现在分词短语causing…作伴随状语。as much as是比较结构，意为“和……一样”。 【译文】随着信风强度的减弱，海洋温度升高，导致了秘鲁寒流从东部流入，温度上升了5摄氏度。 87. The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century. (2006年6月) 【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为The system was launched and has been hailed。介词as 在这里意为“作为，当作”。 【译文】州际公路体系最终在1956年开建，并被称道为那个世纪最伟大的工程之一。 88. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. (2006年6月)
1. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Private Tutoring Private tutoring is “in”. A recent investigation shows that about 80 percent of pupils have private tutors. While private tutoring has both advantages and disadvantages, I feel that we should give more thoughts to its negative effects. Such a popular practice clearly indicates that people are attaching greater importance to education. Many parents either missed the chance of obtaining a good education themselves or have been too busy with their own business. When their children meet with difficulties in study, they are helpless. Private tutoring seems to be the only solution. As private tutoring is usually given on the one-to-one basis, the teacher knows the strong points as well as the weak points of the pupil; and teaching is, in most cases, directly to the point. Private tutoring benefits a lot of pupils, indeed. While on the other hand, private tutoring has its own disadvantages. For one thing, it takes up so much of the pupil’s time that they can hardly find enough time for rest or entertainment, which is essential for kids’ physical and mental health. Besides, some teachers, busy “shuttling” from one family to another, tend to neglect their regular teaching duties. What is more, some teachers are eager to help pupils do well on the test, offering the so-called tips for test-taking instead of helping them acquire
英语四级作文万能句子 一、引出开头 1：It is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（就我所知…） 2：Recently the problem of……has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注） 3：Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）4：Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题） 5：With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……） 6：It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……（人们一般认为……） 7：A lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……） 8：It is universally acknowledged that + 句子（全世界都知道...） 二、表达不同观点 1：People's views on……vary from person to person. Some hold that……However, others believe that……（人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……） 2：People may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解） 3：Attitudes towards （drugs）vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards（failure）（人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异） 4：There are different opinions among people as to……（对于……人们的观点大不相同） 三、表示结尾 1：In short, it can be said that……（总之，他的意思是……） 2：From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that……（从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论……）3：Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……（把所有的这些因素加以考虑，我们自然可以得出结论……） 4：Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……（因此，我们最好的出这样的结论……） 5：There is no doubt that (job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.（毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点） 6：All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.（总之，我们没有……无法生活，但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题） 四、提出建议 1：It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).（该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了） 2：There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……（毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够重视）3：Obviously ,if we want to do something …it is essential that……（显然，如果我们想要做么事，很重要的是……）4：Only in this way can we ……（只有这样，我们才能……） 5：Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的） 五、预示后果 1：Obviously，if we don't control the problem, the chances are that……will lead us in danger.（很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险） 2：No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that ……（毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则我们很可能会……） 3：It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation（很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展） 六、表示论证 1：From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.(在我看来，支持第一种观
四级长难句分析 在大学英语四级考试的阅读理解中，我们经常会遇到一些长而难的句子。长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型，理清句子成分，抓住句子中的关键部分。 首先我们先来了解制造长句的几个要点 一词汇：核心词汇+普通词汇 二语法结构 1．从句：定语、同位语、表语、宾语、状语 2．并列结构 3．插入语 4．倒装 5．强调 6．省略：分词作定语，独立主格结构 2008-6 1．But the real truth is that we don't know enough to relieve global warming, and —— without major technological breakthroughs —— we can't do much about it. 2. The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it's really an engineering one.
3．Privacy economist Alessandro Acauisti has run a series of tests that reveal people w ill surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon(优惠卷) 4. The digital bread crumbs(碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to re construct who you are, where you are and what you like. 2007-12 4．The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly “guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. 5. Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting my daughter’s experience. 6. While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked. 2007-6 7. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.
大学英语四级写作技巧简介 大学英语四级写作技巧简介 之一——文章结构 英文写作一直是学生们的弱项，四级考试将近，大家都很担心写作问题，在此我先简单介绍一下文章的结构问题，以后再谈其他方面。 四级写作一般以三段式展开，题目要求中通常包含三个要点，每个要点为一段（记住，一定要分段），第一段提出问题，第二段分析问题，第三段解决问题。以历年的真题为例，2006年12月的题目为spring festival gala on cctv，要求：1。许多人喜欢看春节晚会；2。但有些人提出取消春节晚会；3。我的看法。“喜欢看春节晚会”是正常现象，应该作为问题的开端进行简短介绍，“有些人提出取消春节晚会”才是重点，必须给出相应的篇幅做详细阐述。最后表明我的观点，其实就是问作者的态度及解决这个矛盾的方法。又如2006年6月的题目：an announcement for a voluntary program, 要求：1。校学生会组织一次暑假志愿活动现招募志愿者；2。本次志愿活动的目的、内容及安排；3。报名条件和联系方式。这仍是三段式的结构，第一段提出问题——告之大家会举办一次暑假志愿活动，第二段描述问题——介绍志愿活动的相关信息，第三段解决问题
——怎样加入志愿活动（报名信息）。往年还考过写简历，写演讲稿，论述社会现象等题目，总是跳不出三段式，因此学生们必须掌握如何写三段式作文。 总的来说有三点要注意：1。开篇就得点题。文章字数有限，必须采取开门见山的方法，但开篇点题并不是说第一段第一句话就得提出问题，在这之前可以有所修饰，有导入的成分，但不要太长，一般第三句就得清楚、突出地把问题点出来。2。中间段阐述必须清楚。中间段是全文的核心部分，要做到阐述清楚，论证充分，要有一致性、连贯性和条理性。一般由主题句和扩展句组成，主题句是观点的高度浓缩，应该言简意赅；扩展句是对主题句的详细阐述，应该做到理由充分，内容一致。3。结尾段进行总结，并提出解决问题的方法。最后的总结在观点上可以重申但不可以重复，另外结尾一定要有所升华，不能仍停留在对问题的描述上，既然存在问题，就必须想办法解决。 至于如何开端、如何论述、如何结尾的问题，大家敬请期待下一回吧！当然我不会让大家久等的:) 写作能力无法一口气提高，大家必须在平时勤修苦练。 之二——突出主题 well begun is a half done，如何开头是值得注意的问题，它能确定
英语四级考试复杂长难句分析(二) 导读：本文英语四级考试复杂长难句分析(二)，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。 第一章并列平行结构(二) 英语句子最常用的方法是通过使用一些关联词，如and、or等，或标点符号如：分号，逗号，破折号等，若干个在语义上有联系或相互照应的单词、词组或子句连在一起组成一种并列或平行结构的长句，以表达一个复杂得多层次含义。这种句式虽然难度不一定很高，但在复杂长句中还是占了相当大的比例的. 1. More than three million people live in inner London,and nearly five million people live in the surrounding suburban area,which is made up of formerly separate villages that have merged to form what is now called outer London. 要点:全句为并列复合句。“and”连接并列句。第二个句子是主从复合句。“which”引出非限制性定语从句，修饰“area”。“that”引出限制性定语从句，修饰“villages”。“what”引出名词从句，作“from”的宾语。 参考译文：三百多万人口居住在伦敦市区，将近五百多万人口居住在周围的郊区——该地区由原来分散的村庄构成，逐步形成如今被称为的外伦敦。 2. Then I remembered how often I,too,had been indifferent to the grander of each day,too preoccupied with petty and sometimes even mean concerns to respond to the splendor of it all. 要点：此句存在着一个“too…to…”结构，即“too preoccupied with petty and sometimes even mean concerns to respond to the splendor of it all”。注意：“I,too,had
英语四级作文万能句子大全 1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____. 2. 俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在很多场合仍然适用。 There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了很多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。 Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______. 4. 现在，……很普遍，很多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且）……。 Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides，______. 5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。 Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看来，……
历年大学英语四级真题阅读长难句分析 阅读是四级英语中重要的得分点和难点，对长难句的分析则决定了对阅读的彻底理解，也是学习语法，积累高级词汇、句型不可或缺的来源。而四级英语真题阅读部分均选自Times、Telegraph等著名外文报纸及杂志，其行文和词汇原汁原味，值得考生细细品味和灵活借鉴。准备2015年6月英语四级的同学们，还等什么?赶快学起来吧! 历年大学英语四级真题阅读长难句分析（1） 1. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travellers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. (1990. 阅读. Text 1) 【译文】除了早期漂洋过海的旅行者或靠海谋生的人之外，对大多数人来说，大海是遥远的，没有必要提出太多问题，更别说思考大海海底的东西了。 【析句】复合句，本句主干为the sea was remote and there was little reason to...，and连接两个并列句子，两个句子之间又有with the exception of...作伴随状语，伴随状语中又包含who earned a living from the sea定语从句修饰others。最后是习惯let alone...,注意let alone后的动词形式与前面主句动词形式相同。 2. The first time that question "What is at the bottom of the oceans?" had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. (1990. 阅读. Text 1) 【译文】当有人建议铺设一条从欧洲到美洲的海底电报光缆的时候，出于商业动机，人们才不得不首次回答这个问题“海底有什么东西”。 【析句】本句话的难点在于主从句成分的区分。主句为The first time was when the laying...was proposed, when引导表语从句，而that question had to be answered with...则是定语从句修饰the first time。 3. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea. (1990. 阅读. Text 1)
1. The notion that learning should have in it an element of inspired play would seem to the greater part of the academic establishment merely silly, but that is nonetheless the case. (2003. 阅读. 6. Text 2) 【译文】学习中应该包括具有启发性的娱乐这一观点对于大部分学术机构而言似乎是愚蠢的，但事实的确如此。 【析句】本例句的难点在于寻找主句的主干。很明显，主句由but连接两个并列句组成，but 后的句子that is nonetheless the case是简单句。but前的句子主句是the notion would seem merely silly to the greater part of the academic establishment，to在这里作介词，这一介宾结构提前放在了谓语动词seem后，容易让人误以为是短语seem to的用法，结果导致理解失误。最后主句主语the notion有that引导的定语从句修饰。 2. Already the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide that has swept over them since depression began. (200 3. 阅读. 6. Text 3) 【译文】从事成人教育的公共机构已经因为经济萧条开始以来席卷全国的趋势而陷入困境。【析句】例句2的句子结构并不复杂，主句the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide, that has swept over them...作定语从句修饰the tide, 而定语从句中，又有since引导的时间状语从句，这个时间是修饰swept over这个动作的。 3. A new high-performance contact lens under development at the department for applied physics at the University of Heidelberg will not only correct ordinary vision defects but will enhance normal night vision as much as five times, making people's vision sharper than that of cats. (2003. 阅读. 6. Text 4) 【译文】海德堡大学应用物理系正在研究的高水平新型隐形眼镜不仅能矫正普通的视力问题，还能把正常夜间视力提高五倍，使人的视力比猫还要敏锐。 【析句】复合句。主句是A new high-performance contact lens will not only correct ordinary vision defects but will enhance normal night vision, 可以看出，主句的主干是not only...but(also)结构连接前后两个并列句，contanct lens后有几个介词短语点明了研究的地点。最后，making people's vision...是现在分词引导结果状语。
英语四级写作万能句型 在写四六级作文的时候，大家经常会写出相似的那几个句式和短语，面对这样千篇一律的作文，阅卷老师势必会产生审美疲劳。下面就和我们一起学习一些万能句型，来刺激他们的审美吧! 一提到四六级作文的结尾部分，"all in all"，"in conclusion"等句式就欢乐地冒了出来，殊不知阅卷老师的审美又遭遇了千篇一律的轰炸，这时就需要一些可以刺激他审美的万能句型了! 1) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that …从 以上的讨论我们可以肯定地得出结论，即… 2) Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that…把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论… 3) Overall, there is compelling eviden ce that …, and it follows that in this respect …总 的说来，令人信服的证据是…，而且在这方面随之而来的是… 4) The analysis we have made leads to a sound idea that …由我们的分析得出一个正确 的见解，即… 5) Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that …考虑所有这些因素，我们可能会得出合理的结论… 6) Therefore, we can reach the following conclusion … 因此，我们可以得出这样的结论… 7) The evidence upon all sides leads to a just conclusion that …基于各方面证据，就产 生这样一个公正的结论。 8) All the analysis justifies an unshakable view that …所有分析证实了一个不可动摇的 观点，即… 9) A ll reliable evidence points to the fact that …所有可靠的证据都表明这一事实… 10) All the evidence supports an unmistakable conclusion that …所有的证据都支持一 个毫无疑问的结论…
英语四级阅读长难句句子结构分析(13) 倒装结构 英语中有时为了强调突出某一句子成分，或当否定词出现在句首时，或是由于同上文衔接等的缘故，常常采用倒装的结构，即：把正常的主+谓+宾(表)+补+状的语序打乱，把应该在后面出现的成分提到前面去，如：谓语出现在主语前面，谓语、宾语出现在主语前面，或状语放在句首等。简单句中的倒装较容易辨认，但在长句中当同其他的句子结构混在一起时，倒装结构的辨认就有一定的困难，有时会误认为是其他的句子成分，如：分句独立结构，定语等，导致错判全句的主干，形成理解障碍。 Exercise We could not offer you that post without the responsibility, neither could we ask you to accept the one or two other vacancies of a different type which do exist, for they are unsuitable for someone with your high standard of education and ability. Along with this disparagement of a compliment is the American tendency to laugh at one's own mistakes and admit one's weaknesses. The Chinese had trained messengers on horseback and runners before 1100 B.C.,as did the ancient Persians, Greeks and Romans. 要点：neither后面用的是倒装语序(could we)。which do exist 的先行词为vacancies，但被of a different type 隔开。exist后面是一个由for(等立连词)引导的原因状语从句，用来作附加说明。 1
范例一 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Attend Your Classes Regularly。You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象 2. 保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性 3. 作为一个大学生应该怎样做 Attend Your Classes Regularly Nowadays it is a very common phenomenon that some university students are late for or even absent from classes. And still there are some students who slip out of the classroom before the class is over. Class attendance has become a thorny problem to both the students and teachers. In fact, it is very important for the students to attend their classes regularly. First, it will ensure you to catch up with the teachers in your learning. That is very helpful to you if you want to do a good job in your study. Second, attending classes regularly is a way of showing respect to your teachers ,too. Your teachers will feel bad if the students do not attend their classes, which, in turn, will affect their teaching and be no good for the students. Third, attending classes regularly will help to form a good habit of punctuality, which is of great importance for the students to do a good job in the future. Therefore, we university students should form the good habit of attending our classes regularly from now on. And some day we’ll benefit from it. 点评：2008年元月三日，中山大学博士发帖称遭导师虐待；2008年元月四日，中国政法大学爆“杨帆门”事件；近几年，中小学老师或打学生或猥亵学生、体罚学生等各类新闻不断曝光，进而引发了师生关系的大讨论。本范例题为四级考试传统的问题解决型的写作，与校园生活密切相关。 范例二 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Students’ Rating of Their Teachers。You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 学生给老师打分已经普遍 2. 人们对其持不同态度 3. 我的看法 Students’ Rating of Their Teachers Nowadays, it has become as common in colleges and universities for students to grade teachers as for teachers to grade students. In some universities students’ rating has even become the only source of information on teaching effectiveness.. This, however, has caused great controversy. Some are in favor of the rating system, They hold that since students attend the teachers’ classes every day, they should have their opinion
(1)英语四级作文万能句子:用于描写漫画、图表的常用句型 ①As the graph depicts , … ②From the cartoon /picture , we can see that … ③According to the statistics shown in the first /second graph , ④The table shows / indicates / reveals that … ⑤It can be seen /concluded from the picture / table / figures that … (2)英语四级作文万能句子:用于句首提出论题或现象的句型 ①Recently , …has become the focus of the society . ②…has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life . ③Nowadays there is a growing concern for … ④Nowadays it is common to hear /see … ⑤…has become a common occurrence in our daily life . ⑥Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of … ⑦It is only during the last /past few years that man has become generally aware that … ⑧There is an old / popular saying / proverb which says / goes … ⑨In recent years , there is a general tendency … ⑩Nowadays … has become a problem we have to face . (3)英语四级作文万能句子:用于比较、阐述不同观点的常用句型 ①Some people like / prefer …, while others are / feel inclined to … ②There are different opinions among people as to … Some believe … whole hold … ③Some people claim that … is superior to … Others , however , disagree with it . ④Some people believe … Others maintain … Still others claim … ⑤Some people suggest … Others , however , hold the opposite opinion . ⑥On the one hand , people tend to … On the other hand , they feel … ⑦Some people argue that … Others , in contrast , believe that … ⑧Although more and more people come to believe … there are s till others who insist that … ⑨On the contrary , there are people in favor of … ⑩There are some people who hold different opinions about … (4)英语四级作文万能句子:用于陈述个人观点/想法的常用句型 ①My own experience tells me that … ②In my opinion , we should attack more importance to … ③As for my own idea about … I believe … ④As far as I am concerned , I plan to … ⑤Personally , I prefer … ⑥In my view , both sides are partly right in that … ⑦But for me , I would rather … ⑧My own point of view is that … ⑨In conclusion , I support the statement that … ⑩As regards me , I tend to choose … (5)英语四级作文万能句子:用于书信写作的常用句型 ①Thank you for your letter of … ②It is a pleasure for me invite you on behalf of … to accept … ③Thanks so much for your letter , which arrived …