形容词与副词
第一节形容词与副词
【No.1】功能
形容词常用于修饰名词，说明该词的性质、特征等。它在句中主要用作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语，如：
The primitive language of signs is not always very clear.（定语）原始语言手势的意思并非总是很清楚的。
Groups of new, modern buildings have sprung up along the river.（定语）一群群新的现代建筑沿江拔地而起。
The football game was marvelous.（表语）足球赛精彩极了。
I'm sorry that I'm late.（表语）对不起，我迟到了。
Don't leave the door open, please.（宾补）请不要将门敞着。
He spent three days in the snow, cold and hungry. （状语）
他又冷又饿地在风雪中过了两天。
【No.2】区别
1. 有些形相似、义相别的词如：
alone（独自地）lonely（孤独的）
alive（活的）living（活生生的）lively（活跃的）
blooming（花正开的）booming（繁荣的）
credible（可靠的）creditable（高贵的）
considerable（应考虑的；相当多的）considerate（体贴人的）
desirous（想望的）desirable（合意的）
efficient（有效力的）sufficient（足够的）
exhaustive（彻底的）exhausting（使人筋疲力尽的）
healthy（健壮的）healthful（有益健康的）healthily（旺盛地；相当大地）honorable（荣誉的）honorary（名誉的）
historic（历史性的）historical（历史上的）
imaginative（富于想象力的）imaginable可想象到的）imaginary（想象的）industrial（工业的）industrious（勤勉的）
legible（易读的）eligible（合格的）
later（较迟的）latter（后者的）
likely（可能的）likable（可爱的）
respectful（有礼貌的）respective（各自的）
respectable（可尊敬的）respecting（说到、关于）
2. -ly 结尾的形容词
在英文里，有些形容词是以-ly 结尾的，不要误认为是副词。这类词常见的有：brotherly（友爱的）deadly（致命的）earthly（世俗的）friendly（友好的）likely （可能的）leisurely（空闲的）lovely（可爱的）manly（男子气概的）weekly （每周一次的）yearly（每年一次的）
3. 行为动词作系动词用时，后面要接行容词作表语。在英语动词中，有一部分行为动词可用作连系动词，后面应接形容词作表语，不要误用副词。这类常用作系动词的行为动词有下面几种情况：
A. 表示"变成某种状态"的动词：become , come , fall , get , grow , make , prove , run ,turn , turn out 例如：
Our country becomes stronger and stronger. 我们的国家越来越强大。
Milk is liable to turn bad in summer .夏天，牛奶容易变质。
The child fell asleep . 孩子睡着了。
Our holidays come near . 我们的假期临近。
B. 表示"保持某种状态"的动词： continue , hold , keep , lie , remain , rest , sit , stand , stay 如：
The weather continued cold .天气持续寒冷。
Hold still .不要动。
Keep still while I photograph you .我给你照相时，请不要乱动。
They remained quiet when they listened to the story .他们听故事时一直很安静。
C. 表示"感觉"的动词：appear , feel , look , seem , smell , sound , taste 例如： She appeared happy at the good news. 她听到这好消息时显得很高兴。 Silk feels soft. 绸子摸起来很软。
He looks unwell today .他今天看上去相似身体不适。
I am sure that the soup tastes good.
第二节 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法
(1) 符合规则的
(2)几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表：
原 级
比较级 最高级 good , well
better best bad , ill
worse worst many , much
more most little
less least far farther / further farthest / furthest
情 况
加 法 例 词 一 般 情 况
直接加 -er ; -est all-taller-tallest 以e 结尾的词
加 –r ; -st nice-nicer-nicest 以“辅音+y”结尾的词
变y 为i 再加-er ; -est dry-drier-driest heavy-heavier-heaviest 以一个辅音字母结尾的词
辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -est thin-thinner-thinnest 多音节和部分双音节单词 在词前加 more ; most more delicious
most delicious
第三节形容词与副词的比较级
英文中的形容词和副词一般都有三种级的形式即：原级，比较级和最高级。【No.1】概述
1) 同级比较往往由"as + 形容词/ 副词的原形+ as"的句式表达；当然也要注意它的否定形式、以及在第一个as前加倍数或程度副词的情况。
2)"比较级+ than"引导不同级的比较。"比较级" 前同样可以加倍数或程度副词。另外"no more …than"意思是"A和B一样不……" 。
3) 要注意几种比较级的特殊句型，如："the + 比较级…，the + 比较级……"，意思是"越……越……"；以及"比较级+ and + 比较级"意思是"越来越…"，等。【No.2】
1）同级比较中有两种情况：
# 表示双方情况"一模一样"，用as + 原级+ as的结构；
# 表示双方情况"不（那么）一样"，用not so / as + 原级+ as的结构。在这两种结构中，第一个as是副词，而第二个as是连词；在第二个as的后面接名词、句子或代词的主格（一般不要接代词的宾格）。例如：
My parcel is as heavy as yours . 我的包裹与他的一样沉。
His bedroom is not as neat as his sister's. 他的寝室没有他姐姐的整洁。
It is not so hot as yesterday. 今天不象昨天那么热。
I can't speak English as fast as a native speaker. 我说英文没有以英语为母语的人说得快。
2）另外，在as …as 的结构中，第一个as的前面可以加上表示倍数的词、或是某些副词修饰语：twice , ( three ) times , nearly , almost , just , exactly , not nearly （根本不）, by no means（绝不）, quite 等等。例如：
Asia is four tomes as large as Europe. 亚洲有欧洲的四倍大（亚洲比欧洲大三倍）。James is not nearly as tall as Robert. 詹姆斯根本没有罗伯特高。
Cast iron is almost as useful as steel. 铸铁差不多与钢一样有作用。
She hasn't been quite so unlucky as she pretends. 她还没有象她常装出的那样不幸。3）在as …as 的结构中，我们还常见这样两种句型：as much + 不可数名词+ as 和as many + 复数可数名词+ as 。例如：
She spread as much butter on her bread as Jane usually does. 她在面包上涂的黄油与琼通常涂的一样多。
He has learned as many English words as his brother (has ) . 他已学了和他哥哥一样多的英文单字。
4）不同级的比较主要用表示于人与人、事物与事物之间不同之处的比较，其意义为"A比B更（怎么样）一些"。常用的结构是比较级+ than 。例如：
They worked even harder than they promised. 他们工作得比他们答应的还要卖力。This street is narrower than that one. 这条街比那条街窄一些。
5) 在比较级+ than的结构前可以加上某些副词类和表示倍数的词，以对其进行修饰，如：far（远），even（甚至），much（许多），still（更，还），a lot（许多），a little / bit（一点），rather（相当地），slightly（略微），not any（不再），three times …（三倍、……），等等。例如：
This book is far more interesting than that one. 这本书比那一本有趣多了。
You've been working much harder than I have. 你一直比我工作得努力多了。
She came even earlier than I asked (him to). 她来得甚至比我叫她来的时间还要早。
6) 比较级中的两个特殊作用的结构是：The + 比较级+ 句子，the + 比较级+ 句子。和比较级+ and + 比较级。前一个句型结构表示的意义是"越（怎么样就）
越（怎么样）"，在这个结构中的两个"比较级"不要求一定词性相同，它们各自
的词性要依句子的需要而定；后一个句型结构表示的意义是"越来越（怎么样）"，
在这个结构中的两个"比较级"则要求词性相同。例如：
The harder you work at your study, the better academic records you will have. 你学习越努力，你的成绩就越好。
The more we have, the more we want. 人欲无穷。
When winter is coming , it gets colder and colder .冬天来临之际，天越来越冷了。He became less and less satisfied with the football team's performance. 他对足球队的表现越来越不满意了。
7) 没有比较对象的比较结构。所谓没有比较对象的比较结构不是指省略而言，而是指并非真正的比较。例如：
The car runs faster than 110 miles. 那辆车时速为110多英里。
There is more than one solution to the problem. 这个问题的解决办法不止一个。The daily cost in an average hospital in the United States can run as high as $250 . 在美国普通医院的每天的费用可高达250美元。
8) 用比较级的形式表达最高级的意思。在这种情况下，往往是将一个人或是一件事与其他所有的人或事相比较。做这种句子时有一点要特别注意--别忘了常在
比较状语中用any ,other , else类的字眼，以将比较主体排除在比较对象以外，因
为自己不可以与自己相比较。例如：
He is taller than anyone else in our class. 他在我们班比其他任何都高。
Iron is more useful than any other metals. 铁比其他任何金属更有作用。
9) no + 比较级+ than的结构表示"A和B一样不……"。例如：
She runs no faster than her sister. 她与她妹妹一样跑不快。
Tom is no wiser than John. 汤姆和约翰一样没有聪明才智。
He is no richer than his brother. 他与他弟弟一样不富有。
10)比较和倍数的表达方法：
在表达一方是另一方的若干倍时，常用如下表达方式：（1）“……倍数＋as＋adj．／
adv．（原级）＋as……”,在两个as之间可用many（修饰可数名词），much（修饰不可数名词）和其它相应的词。（2）“……倍数＋adj．／adv．（比较级）＋
than……”（3）“……倍数＋the size ／height／length ／weight／width /depth……＋of＋the＋名词”。如“你们的操场比我们的操场大四倍（是我们操场的五倍大）”可分
（1）Your playground is five times as large as ours．（2）Your playground is four 别译作：
times larger than ours．（3）Your playground is five times the size of ours．
第四节形容词与副词的最高级
【No.1】概述
最高级的一般表达方式是“最高级+ 表示范围的状语”，其意义是"某人、某事在某个范围内最……"。使用这种结构时我们应该注意，形容词的最高级前面一般说来要加用定冠词the ，而副词的最高级前面的定冠词往往可以省略。例如：He is the tallest of the three boys. 那三个男孩中他最高。
That is the biggest lake in our province. 那是我省最大的一条湖。
Joe runs fastest in our school .桥在我们学校跑得最快。
【No.2】
尽管这种结构比较单一、简单，但我们也要注意下面的情况
1）of后接名词，用来说明"最高级的范围"，其实也是"比较对象"；而among 的后面往往是接带有最高级的名词词组，说明"主体是最……之一"。例如：
This novel is the most interesting of the three. 在这三部小说中，这一部最有趣。She is the tallest of the girls in our class. 她是我们班女孩中的最高个儿。
I believe Einstein is among the greatest scientists. 我相信爱因斯坦是最伟大的科学家之一。
Yellow River is among the longest rivers in China. 黄河是中国最长的河流之一。2）形容词的最高级前面不用定冠词the的几种情况
A.形容词的最高级作表语（或者说，作主语补足语），并且又不与其他人或事相比较，通常在其前不用定冠词the 。例如：
The market in the country is busiest in winter. 乡下集市冬季里最繁忙。
It is best to go and ask the teacher .最好去问老师。
The well is deepest at this point .这口井在此处最深。
B.形容词的最高级作"非常、极其"解时，通常在其前也不用定冠词the,但是可以用不定冠词a 。
例如：His father is a most leaned man. 他爸爸是一位极有学问的人。
She is most beautiful.她非常漂亮。
When studying at college , I was in closest touch with Leon .
读大学时，我与里昂关系非常密切。
C.如果形容词的最高级前已有人称代词的所有格、或是名词的所有格形式、指示代词等修饰语时，其前也不再用定冠词the了。例如：
Her greatest wish is to be an air hostess after her graduation.
她最大的愿望是毕业后当一名空姐。
His most educational hobby is stamp-collecting.
他最具教育意义的嗜好是集邮。
D. 当两个形容词的最高级同时修饰一个名词时，后面一个形容词的最高级前的定冠词the通常被省略了。例如：
He is the oldest ,but most energetic of my colleagues . 在我的同事中，他是最年长的，却是最有活力的。
This is the most effective and most economic solution to the problem .这是最有效且最经济的解决问题的办法。
He is the youngest and most famous athlete in the world. 他是世界上最年青、最著名的运动员。
专项练习
一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级
old____ ______ young______ _________long________ _______
short______ ______ strong______ _______ big______ _______ small_______
________fat____ ________ thin____ ________ heavy______ _________ nice_____ ________ good______ ______ beautiful___________ _____________ low______
_________ high______ _______ slow_____ ________ fast_______
_________litte______ _______ early_____ ________ far______ ________
well______ __________
二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：
1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me.
2. Tom is ________(fat) than Jim.
3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes, she is.
4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.
6. Ma ry’s h air is __________(long) than Lucy’s.
7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.
8.________ Nncy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.
9.Fangfang is not _________ (tall)than the other girls.
10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..
11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?
12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?
13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys? No,they______.
14. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow). 德语学习
15.The child doesn’t______(write) as ____(fast) as the students.
三、翻译句子：
1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。________ is _________than Jim？________ are
2、谁比Dvid更强壮？________ _________ than Dvid?
3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。
_______pencil is _________,______or________？________is,I think.
4、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。_________ ________as _________as your uncle?Yes,I m.
5、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。He ____ as ______ as ______ ______ Jim.
6、Yng ng每天睡得比SuYng晚。Yang ang goes to bed ______ than Su Ying every dy.
7、我跳得和Mike一样远。I jump as _______ as Mike.
8、Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。
____ Tom _____ _____ thn you?No,he _______. He_____ as_____ as_____.
9、多做运动，你会更强壮。Do more exercise, you’ll ______ ______ soon.
10、我的科学很好，但是语文不好。
I ______ ________ a t Science.But I don’t _________ well in Chinese.
11、我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。
I like_______.all my______ _______ _______than me.
12、你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。
___ you ____football _____than your classmates? No,they____as____as me.
13、我母亲比我父亲年纪小。My_____ _____ ______than my ______.
14、她的毛衣和我的一样重。_____sweater_____ as_______as_____.
15、I'm taller than Mike .(该成用原级的比较)I'm _________ as ________ as Mike .
四、选择最佳答案填空：
1 Don't worry, sir. I'm sure I can run _________ to catch up with them.
A. slowly enough
B. enough slowly
C. fast enough
D. enough fast
2. The text is very easy for you. There are ________ new words in it.
A. a few
B. a little
C. few
D. little
3. It's such an ________ film that all the students are ______ in it.
A. interesting; interested
B. interested; interesting
C. interesting; interesting
D. interested; interested; interested
4. Mingming got up very _______,so he came to school half an hour ______.
A. late; lately
B. lately; late
C. lately; lately
D. late; late
5. I am ________ worried about y parents' healthy conditions.
A. some times
B. sometime
C. sometimes
D. some times
6. We don't have ________ every day.
A. a lot of school works
B. many school work
C. any school works
D. much school work
7. -Look! How fast the two horses are running!
--Oh, yes! They are nearly _______.
A. up and down
B. slower and slower
C. more or less
D. neck and neck
8. ______ children there are in family,_______ their life will be.
A. The less; the better
B. The fewer; the better
C. Fewer; richer
D. More; poorer
9. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting ________.
A. more and more rich
B. more rich and more rich
C. richer and richer
D. richer and richest
10. Which lesson is _______, this one or that one?
A. difficult
B. much difficult
C. more difficult
D. the most difficult
11. "A ______ accident happened at 7:30 a.m." said the policeman _______.
A. serious, serious
B. seriously, seriously
C. seriously, serious
D. serious, seriously
12. ________ is it from our school to Lupu Bridge?
A. How long
B. How often
C. How far
D. How much
13. In our city, it is ______ in July, but it is even _______ in August.
A. hotter; hottest
B. hot; hot
C. hotter; hot
D. hot; hotter
14. This pencil is ______ that one.
A. so long as
B. as longer as
C. longer than
D. not as longest as
15. The station is two kilometers _______ the hospital.
A. away to
B. far away
C. far from
D. away from
16. Beijing has ______ many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush hours.
A. so
B. very
C. too
D. much
17. This box is ______ heavy ________ I can't carry it.
A. too, to
B. so, that
C. very, that
D. too, that
18. India has the second _______ population in the world.
A. larger
B. most
C. smallest
D. largest
19. Mary received ________ many postcards at Christmas.
A. so
B. such
C. too
D. even
20. The cake smells ______. Please throw it away.
A. good
B. badly
C. bad
D. well
21. --- What was the weather like yesterday?
--- It was terrible. It rained so ________ that people could _______ go out.
A. hardly…h ard
B. hardly… hardly
C. hard… hardly
D. hard… hard
22. The meeting will be held in half an hour, but they haven't got everything
ready_____.
A. ever
B. already
C. yet
D. still
23. --- What about the English novel?
--- It's not very difficult. There are only ________ new words in it.
A. few
B. a few
C. many
D. a little
24. How beautiful she sings! I've never heard ________.
A. the better voice
B. a good voice
C. the best voice
D. a better voice
25. Mr Smith always has ________ to tell us.
A. some good pieces of news
B. some pieces of good news
C.some good piece of news
D. some piece of good new
26. I'm afraid the headmaster is _________ busy to meet the visitors.
A. too much
B. much too
C. so much
D. very much
27. - Dad , when will you be free? You agreed to go to the seaside with me four days ago.
-- I am sorry, Jean. But I think I will have a ______ holiday soon.
A. four-days
B. four-day
C. four days
D. four day
28. The scenery in Sanya looks ________, especially "Tian Ya Hai Jiao" is ________.
A, well, best B. fine, the most famous C. nice, better D. beautifully, the best
29. What a _______ day it is! Let's go out for a walk.
A. windy
B. lovely
C. rainy
D.cloudy
30. Of the two Australian students , Masha is ________ one. I think you can find her easily.
A, tallest B, the taller C. taller D. the tallest
Key 1-5 CCADC DDBCC DCDCD ABDAC CCADB BBBBB
形容词的比较级和最高级中考真题 中考真题一： 1、（2016西宁）-Many boy students think math is ______ English． -I agree．I'm weak in English．（） A．much difficult than B．so difficult as C．less difficult than D．more difficult than 2、（2016荆州）-How was your interview for the work -Oh，I couldn’t feel any .I hardly understood most of the questions they asked．（） A．harder B．happier C．better D．worse 3、（2016张家界）No mountain in the world is as as Qomolangma．（） A．high B．higher C．highest 4、（2016呼和浩特）He is very rich but that day he bought______ bike to save money for the poor children．（） A．an expensive B．a more expensive C．the more cheaper D．the cheapest 5、（2016滨州）一"Food Safety"problem is becoming these days． -I think so．The government must do something to deal with it．（） A．smaller and smaller B．worse and worse C．better and better D．nicer and nicer 6、（2016重庆）---This kind of watch is much_____ today than last month．Would you like to have one ---ReallyI'll take one．（） A．the most expensive B．the cheapest C．more expensive D．cheaper 7、（2016苏州）-Playing video games is a waste of time． -I can't agree more．There are meaningful things to do．（） A．the most B．the least C．more D．less 8、（2016达州）---Roy never likes junk food． ---Neither do I．That's probably why I'm becoming____now．（） A．healthy and weak B．healthier and healthier C．weaker and weaker D．more and more healthily 9、（2016青岛）The talent show is ______ the game show．I like both．（） A．as boring as B．not so bored as interesting as D．not so interested as 10、（2016天津）A journey by train is than by coach．（） A．more relaxing B．relaxing C．most relaxing D．the most relaxing 11、（2016河南）I have been to quite a few restaurants，but I can say this one is ．（）A．good B．better C．the better D．the best 12、（2016海南）-Who will you ask to help with the work，Lucy or Lily-Lily．She is much ________．（）A．careful B．more careful C．most careful 13、（2016黑龙江）-Do you know Shanghai is one of ______ in the world -Yes，it's bigger than ______ city in China．（） A．the biggest city；any B．the biggest cities；any C．the biggest cities；any other 14、（2016深圳）-Good news! Metro Line 11will be open on June 30in our city． -Great! It will make our lives more convenient．（） A．richer B．easier 15、（2016广东）Among the four seas off the coast of China，East China Sea is the second______．（）
比较等级，几多注意 在本单元的学习中，我们又进一步了解了比较等级的用法。可是在具体运用中，常有同学因粗心而犯下一些错误。那么，学习比较等级，有那些要注意的地方呢？ 一注意单词拼写 可不要以为拼写是一个小问题呀！形容词或副词变比较级的规则可要时刻牢记，该双写，该去e，该加more或该y变i，都是不能马虎的。例如： 他总是比我到校早。 He always comes to school earlyer than me. （误） （正）He always comes to school earlier than me. 二注意比较对象 在比较等级的句型中，比较的双方必须是同类事物，否则会引起歧义。即人与人，物与物的比较。例如： 他的尺子比我的长。 His ruler is longer than me.（误） （正）His ruler is longer than mine. 三注意符合逻辑 自身能进行比较吗？当然是不行的。可是有时我们因不小心而将自己和自己比较。为了避免这样的错误，可借助“any other+单数名词”来帮忙。例如： 中国比亚洲的其他任何一个国家都大。 China is larger than any country in Asia. （误） （正）China is larger than any other country in Asia. 四注意修饰词语
在比较等级中，so, very, quite, too等修饰原级；much, a lot, far, even 等常修饰比较级。在使用时，不要弄错了。例如： 姚明比我高多了。Yao Ming is very taller than I. （误） （正）Yao Ming is much taller than I. 五注意范围介词 在表达最高级时，常用到in或of两个表范围的介词。in表示“在…范围之中”，而of常用于“在…同类之中”。例如： 玛丽是我们班最漂亮的女孩。Mary is the prettiest girl of our class. （误） （正）Mary is the prettiest girl in our class. 六注意定冠词的使用 1. 形容词最高级前一般有定冠词，但如果前边也有物主代词，名词所有格 等词来修饰时，定冠词the常被省略。例如： 加里是我最好的朋友。Gary is my the best friend. （误） （正）Gary is my best friend. 2. 形容词比较级前一般不加定冠词，但句中有“of the two”结构表示“两者中较…的一个”时，定冠词the要加上。例如： 苏珊是这两个女孩子当中较胖的一个。 Susan is fatter of the two girls. （误） （正）Susan is the fatter of the two girls. 3. 在使用最高级“one of the +最高级+复数名词”结构时，定冠词the不能丢掉。例如：
学习必备欢迎下载 形容词和副词的比较级、最高级（Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs） I.形容词比较级和最高级的形式 一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成 构成法①一般单音节词末尾加-er和-est 原级比较级最高级strong stronger strongest ②单音节词如果以-e结尾，只加-r和-st strange stranger strangest ③闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母， 须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er和-est ④少数以-y,-er(或-ure),-ow,-ble结尾的双音节词， 末尾加-er和-est (以-y结尾的词，如y前是辅音字母，把y变成i，再加-er和-est， 以-e结尾的词仍加-r和-st)sad big ho t angry clever narrow noble sadder bigger hotter angrier cleverer narrower nobler saddest biggest hottest angriest cleverest narrowest noblest ⑤其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词mo r e和mo r e difficult mos t difficult 二、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式mos t difficult 原级good/well bad/ill many/much little few far 比较级 better worse mo r e less farther/further 最高级 best worst mos t least farthest/furthest II.副词比较级和最高级的形式副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样。 一、一般副词
◇下列形容词和副词没有比较级和最高 （即表示“最高程度”或“绝对状态”的形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级） empty, wrong, perfect, unique, extreme, excellent, favourite, true, right, correct, extremely ... 形容词副词比较级最高级使用注意事项 ◇比较应在同类事物之间进行。 误：Your English is better than me. 正：Your English is better than mine. ◇比较级前可以有一个表示程度的状语，最常见的三大修饰词是：a little, much, even。 以下单词也可用来修饰：any, far, still, a lot, yet, rather。 My sister is a little taller than me. Their house is much larger than ours. 另外，名词短语也可修饰比较级，说明程度。 I’m three years older than he. 特别提醒：very, quite, too不可修饰比较级。 ◇避免重复使用比较级。 误：He is more kinder to small animals than I. 正：He is much kinder to small animals than I. 误：He is more cleverer than his brother. 正：He is cleverer than his brother. ◇比较要符合逻辑，在同一范围内比较时，避免将主语含在比较对象中，这时需使用other来排除自身。 误：China is larger that any country in Asia. 正：China is larger than any other country in Asia. 误：John studies harder than any student in his class. 正：John studies harder than any other student in his class. 正：John studies harder than any of the other students in his class. 正：John studies harder than anyone else in his class. ◇比较要遵循前后一致的原则，注意前后呼应。 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. ◇序数词通常只修饰最高级。 Africa is the second largest continent. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. This is the third most popular song of Michael Jackson. ◇为避免重复，我们通常用that, those, one, ones代替前面出现的名词。that 代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，those代替可数名词复数。one既可指人又可指物，只能 代替可数名词。 The weather in China is different from that in America. The book on the table is more interesting than that(或the one)on the desk. A box made of steel is stronger than one made of wood. 误：In winter, the weather of Beijing is colder than it of Shanghai. 正：In winter, the weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai. ◇“否定词 + 比较级”相当于最高级。
▲比较级、最高级： 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 1)原级，即原形。 2)比较级，表示“较……”或“更……一些”的意思。 3)最高级，表示“最……”的意思。 1.形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成 (1)规则变化： 单音节词和少数双音节词（一般在词尾加-er或-est ） cold colder coldest strong stronger strongest fast faster fastest slow slow slowest 以字母e结尾的形容词，加-r或-st nice nicer nicest large larger largest 重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest hot hotter hottest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先改“y”为“i”，再加-er或-est easy esaier easiest happy happier happiest early earlier earliest 少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词clever(聪明的)未尾加-er，-est clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest 多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加more或most delicious more delicious most delicious interesting more interesting most interting easily more easily most easily carefully more carefully most carefully (2)不规则变化 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst much/many more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest 2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法 比较级：表示两者（人或事物）的比较 Mr King is taller than Mr Read This mooncakes is nicer than that one。 The tractor is going faster than the bike。 最高级：表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个时，用最高级。最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the。后面可带of（in）短语来说明比较的范围。 Whose drawing is he best of all? She is the youngest in the class. Mr Qin is walking tje slowest of all. 注：在形容词和副词的比较级前，有时可以用much，a little等来修饰， 如：much better a little taller
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 一.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下 (1) 符合规则的： 例题解析 1. He is ________ friends than I. A. much more B. many more C. very more D. too more 解析：后面有可数名词复数时，many的比较级形式为many more 修饰。应选B. 2. Which is the _________ country, Japan or Australia? A. more developed B. more developing C. most developed D. most developing 解析：两者比较用比较级，表示"发达"用developed, 而developing 是"发展中的" 3． There were _______ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990. A. little B. few C. fewer D. less 解析：little 不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级，所以应选C. 4. If you are not free today, come another day __________. A. too B. so C. instead D. yet 解析：instead 作副词用时意为"代替，顶替"，表示前面的事情没做，而是做了后面的事。Instead一般位于句首。应选C. 5．He can't tell us ________, I think. A. important anything B. anything important C. important something D. something important. 解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用anything而不是something. 因此应选B 6. The Huang River is the second __________ river in our country. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest
中考英语复习--比较级最高级总结及练习 形容词、副词比较级和最高级知识详解专练 一、概说 英语中的形容词和副词有三个等级，即原级、比较级和高最级。比较级主要用于两者比 较，最高级主要用于多者比较。 二、比较等级的构成 1. 通过加后缀-er和-est构成。 单音节和部分双音节词通过加后缀–er和-est构成比较级和最高级 原级比较级最高级 tall(高) taller tallest quiet(安静的) quieter quietest early(早) earlier earliest 注： (1) 若原级以字母e结尾，则只加-r和-st：fine—finer—finest。 (2) 若原级以“辅音字母+y”结尾，则应将y改为i，再加-er和-est构成比较级和最高级： dry—drier—driest。(例外：shy(害羞的)—shyer—shyest) (3) 若原级为重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，则双写这个辅音字母后加词尾-er 和-est构成比较级和最高级：big—bigger—biggest。 2. 通过在其前加more和most构成。 多音节和部分双音节词通过在其前加more和most构成比较级和最高级： 原级比较级最高级 difficult(困难的) more difficult most difficult dangerous(危险的) more dangerous most dangerous bravely(勇敢地) more bravely most bravely 注： (1) 有的双音节词(如 clever, common, gentle, handsome, happy, narrow, polite, quiet, shallow, simple, stupid，often, seldom)可以有两种方式构成比较级和最高级级： clever—cleverer / more clever —cleverest / most clever often—more often / oftener—most often / oftenest。等。
形容词比较级、最高级练习 (一)一般句式的构成： A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + B A 是主格 B 是宾格如： She is taller than me. 主格形容词比较级宾格 （二）英语形容词比较级的构成 英语形容词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。形容词比较等级形式变化有规则 的和不规则的两种。规则变化 1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） 【例】原级比较级最高级 great greater greatest small smaller smallest clean cleaner cleanest 2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级） 【例】 fine finer finest wide wider widest 3）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级） 【例】 big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest red redder reddest 4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r 和-st。 【例】 clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest able abler ablest easy easier easiest 5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。 【例】 careful more careful most careful difficult more difficult most difficult delicious more delicious most delicious 不规则变化 原级比较级最高级 good------better------best many------more------most much------more------most bad------worse------worst far------farther, further------farthest, furthest 形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不" important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如： right, wrong, woolen等。 形容词的比较等级的用法：比较级用于二者的比较。 【例】 Li Ping is older than Wang Hai. 李平比王海年纪大。 There are more students in Class One than in Class Two.一班比二班学生多。 二、形容词各等级的用法： 1、原级（同级）比较：as…as…; not as(so)…as… We’ll give you as much help as we can.She isn’t as(so)active in sports as before. 2. 比较级：表示两者之间比…… 更……可用状语much, a little, even等修饰： He made fewer mistakes than I did. He is even richer than I. 3、高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of……，in……短语表示范围： It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened. He is the tallest of the three. 4、如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：
初中英语语法：形容词、副词的比较级 同学们，大家好，我今天来给大家讲一讲 I、形容词，副词的比较级、最高级(the comparative and Superlative Degrees of Adjectives and Adverbs) 多数形容词都有三个等级，就是原级，比较级和最高级。比较级的含义是什么呢？比较级是为了比较两个事物之间特点的，而最高级呢，就是比较三个及其以上事物间的特点，一般用介词In或者of引导介词短语来引入比较范围。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化： 1.一般在词尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest 2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest 3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest 4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est，例如，big-bigger-biggest 5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级，例如，slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful 不规则变化比较多，列举几例： Good/well better best Bad/ill worse worest Many/much more most Little less least II、我们接下来讲一讲形容词，副词等级的用法 一、原级的用法 1.只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，too 例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。 My brother runs so fast that I can…t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。 2.原级常用的句型结构 (1)“甲+be+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍” 例如，Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。 Tom is twice as old as Kate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的二倍。 “甲+实意动词+(倍数)+as+副词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”
比较级和最高级 一．写出下列词的比较级和最高级。 Tall ________ _________ short________ _________ light________ _______ Weak _______ _________ strong _______ ________ long_______ ________ Small _______ _________ high ________ _________ large _______ ________ Heavy _______ _________ fast ________ ________ slow _______ ________ Big _________ _________ fat ________ __________ thin ________ ________ Wet ________ __________ red ________ _________ hot _________ _________ Much ________ ________ many ________ _________ bad ________ _________ Good ________ ________ ill ________ _________ little ________ _________ Few ________ ________ well _________ ________ old _________ _________ Cold ________ _________ new _______ _________ wide _______ __________ Angry ________ ________ busy _______ _________ dirty ________ __________ Easy ________ _________ early ________ ________ cloudy _______ _________ Happy _______ _________ beautiful _____________ _____________ Important ______________ ______________ expensive______________ ____________ Interesting _____________ ________________ useful ______________ _____________ Popular ______________ _______________ exciting ______________ _____________ Careful _____________ _______________ wonderful _____________ ____________ Difficult ____________ _______________ quickly _____________ _____________ Slowly _____________ _______________ loudly ____________ _____________ 二．用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.Tom is _____________( strong ) than Mary. 2.You are ____________(weak ) than me 3.Lynn is ____________ (loud ) than any of us 4.This box is ____________(heavy) than that one 5.Exercise One is ____________( easy ) than Exercise Two 6.The sun is ______________(big) than the moon 7.The ruler is ____________( long ) than that one 8.My ball is ____________(small) than yours 9.Ted was ______________(slow) than Haley 10.Pat was ______________( light) than Koko. 11.I’m _______________(fat) than my daughter . 12.Today is ______________( hot) than yesterday,It’s __________________(hot) day of this year. 13.The Changjiang River is _______________(long) river in China. 14.Chongqing is __________________(large) city in China. 15.The moon is __________________(small) of the three. 16.My flat is ______________(good ) than yours . 17.The moon is _____________(light) than the Earth
形容词与副词比较级与最高级用法 形容词与副词的比较级： 大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1．规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级 注意： （1）old 有两种比较级和最高级形式：older/oldest 和elder/eldest。elder/eldest 只多用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。 My elder brother is an engineer.
Mary is the eldest of the three sisters. （2）far 有两种比较级farther和further。在英语中两者都可指距离。在美语中，farther 表示距离，further表示进一步。 I have nothing further to say. 3．几个常用的基本句型： as + 形容词或副词原级+ as 形容词或副词比较级+ than the + 最高级+ 比较范围 注意： （1）要避免重复使用比较级。 (错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is cleverer than his brother. （2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。 (错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other country in Asia. （3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。 The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. （4）要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有冠词。 比较：Which is large, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. ※可修饰比较级的词 a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。 ▲the + 最高级+ 比较范围 （1）The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. ※形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，副词最高级前可不用。 形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常” It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。 (错)Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (对)Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. （2）下列词可修饰最高级：by far, far, much, mostly, almost This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. （3）句型转换： Mike is the most intelligent in his class.
比较级 1、---- Let’s go shopping at the new mall. ---- Why not shop on line? It’s _________. A. less expensive B. expensive C. more expensive 2、---Oh, It was fantastic！Lily danced so well. ---Well, I think Kate danced ______ than Lily. A. well B. better C. best 3、Chongqing is getting ． A．more and more beautiful B．more beautiful and more beautiful C．beautiful and beautiful D．more and more beautifully 4、—Which do you think is _______, Chinese or English? —It’s hard to say. I think Chinese is as _______ as English. A．interesting, interesting B．more interesting, interesting C．interesting, more interesting D．more interesting, more interesting 5、_______ exercise you take , _________ you will be. A. The fewer, the fatter B. The less, the fatter C. The less, the more fatter D. The more, the worse 6、] --- How do you like the dishes, Eric? ---Great! Nothing tastes ________. A．nice B．better C．terrible D．worse 7、Tom has _______ subjects than the other two boys, so he has _____ time of the three. A．less, the most B．fewer, the fewest C．fewer, the most D．less, the fewest 8、Peter’s drawing isn’t______________ Sandy’s. A．as more beautiful as B．so beautiful as C．as much beautiful as D．as beautiful so 9、Shanghai is larger than _______in Jiangsu. A．any city B．the other cities C．any cities D．any other city 10、In the exam, he made ________mistakes and scored ________points. A．the least, the most B．the fewest, the most C．the fewest, the fewest D．the most, the most 11、----How about the dishes? ----- Wonderful ! Nothing tastes________. A．nice B．better C．terrible D．worse 12、What an excellent singer! I don’t think I will hear __________ voice. A．a better B．the better C．a best D．the best
中考英语语法专题形容词的比较级和最高级 中考英语语法专题形容词的比较级和最高级 形容词的比较级和最高级3) 有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化。 原级比较级最高级 gd/ell 好的better best bad/ill 坏的rse rst an/uh 多的re st little 少的less least far 远的further furthest farther farthest
ld 老的lder ldest elder eldest 2 形容词比较级的用法 1）形容词的比较级可以单独使用： Be re areful next tie 下次小心点。 It as quieter utside 外面安静点了。 It uldn’t be easier 不能再容易了。This ar is re expensive 这辆车比较贵。 h is taller? 谁高一点？ hih b is better? 哪本书更好？ 1 形容词比较级和最高级的构成
1）单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成2) 多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加re或st。如：原级比较级最高级 useful re useful st useful diffiult re diffiult st diffiult deliius re deliius st deliius 2）也可以和than连用，表示两者相比，than后可以跟：a 名词或代词（若为人称代词，在口语中多用宾格）：He is lder than e 他年龄比我大。 T is bigger than Ne r 东京比纽约大。 b 动名词：