英语被动语态总结与练习
一、被动语态的构成形式
1. 被动语态的基本时态变化
被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：
1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.
2) has /have been done 现在完成时
All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.
3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时 A new cinema is being built here．
4) was/were done 一般过去时I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.
5) had been done 过去完成时By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.
6) was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I was there.
7) shall/will be done 一般将来时Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.
8) should/would be done 过去将来时The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.
9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）The project will have been completed before July.
10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）
He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
4) 在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
3. 非谓语动词的被动语态
v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。I don't like being laughed at in the public.
二、如何使用被动语态
学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。
1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省 by 短语)。My bike was stolen last night.
2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.
3. 为了更好地安排句子。
The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了）
三、 It is said that+从句及其他类似句型
一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。有：
It is said that…据说……It is reported that…据报道……It is believed that…大家相信……It is hoped that…大家希望……It is well k nown that…众所周知……It is thought that…大家认为……It is suggested that…据建议……
It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）
四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1. 英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
This kind of cloth washes well.
注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较：The door won't
lock．（指门本身有毛病）
The door won't be locked．（指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）
2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？
3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。Your reason sounds reasonable.
五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。
1. 在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。
2. 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）
3. 动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
I have a lot of things to do this afternoon． (to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。)试比较：
I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。)
4. 在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。例This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作to work out省略了for me）.
5. 在too… to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.
6. 在there be…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。例There is no time to lose（to be lost）．（用to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost，谁 lost time不明确。）
7. 在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent, blame, let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。Who is to blame for starting the fire?
六、介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义
表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。
1. “under +名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有：under control（受控制）, under treatment（在治疗中）, under repair（在修理中）, under discussion（在讨论中）, under construction（在施工中）。
The building is under construction( is being constructed).
2. “beyond+名词”结构，“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”。常见的有：beyond belief (令人难以置信)，beyond one’s reach（鞭长莫及），beyond one’s control（无法控制），beyond our hope．我们的成功始料不及。
The rumour is beyond belief（=can’t be believed）．
3. “above+名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等) 超过……、高于……”。
His honest character is above all praise．=His honest character cannot be praised enough．
4. “for+名词”结构，表示“适于……、为着……”。如：for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等。
That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold).
5. “in+名词”结构，表示“在……过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print（在印刷中），in sight(在视野范围内)，等。
The book is not yet in print．(=is not yet printed)
（）1．The Olympic Games ___________every four years.
A are held
B were held C．are holding D．will ho1d
（）2. In the art show，a lot of enjoyment _ _to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings．
A．is giving B is given C will give D has given
（）3. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It _________in. many schools around the world.
A. teaches
B. is teaching
C. has taught
D. is taught
（）4. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, ________as "People's Writer".
A. is regarded
B. has regarded
C. is regarding
D. regards
（）5. Usually computers _________to search the Internet.
A. use
B. are using
C. are used
D. used
（）6. --Do you often clean your classroom?
--Yes. Our classroom __________every day.
A. clean
B. cleans
C. is cleaned
（）7.一Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible?
一Yes．In fact，it ____.That's all because of the people and the factories around．
A．polluted B was polluted C has polluted D．was po11ute
（）8. --Our environment is getting worse than before.
--You're right. But thanks to Earth Day_______, people have done more and more useful things to protect(保护)the earth since Earth Day.
A. is started
B. was started
C. has started
（）9. ---I feel very happy that I ____to be the host. ---Congratulations!
A. choose
B. am chosen
C. was chosen
D. haven chosen
（）10. Many trees and flowers ______ in our school last year，and they made our school a beautiful garden．
A．plant B．planted C．have planted D．were planted
（）11.Some famous paintings __________in the hall next week.
A. will show
B. were shown
C. is shown
D. will be shown
（）12. A talk on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week .
A. given
B. will be given
C. has been given
D. gives
（）13.---Great changes have taken place in this city.
---Right. Many modern tall buildings have been ______ these days.
A. turned up
B. put up
C. shown up
D. fixed up
（）14.Twelve-year-olds should not to drive in China.
A. allow
B. be allow
C. allowed
D. be allowed
（）15. —Do you often clean your classroom?
—Yes, our classroom ______ every day.
A. clean
B. cleans
C. is cleaned
D. Cleaned
课后练习
（）1．—Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start.
–I’m sorry, but I _____ when to meet.
A. don’t tell
B. didn’t tell
C. haven’t told
D. wasn’t told
（）2．Many old houses around our school ____ next year and a large green area will appear.
A. pull down
B. will be pulled down
C. will pull down
D. are pulled down
（）3．--- My watch ______.
--- Don’t worry. Let’s go to the Lost & Found.
A. is lost
B. is broken
C. has found
D. has stopped
（）4．---Did you go to Sam’s weekend party?
---No, I___________.
A. am not invited
B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t invited
D. didn’t invite
（）5．-- How often ______ your school sports meeting ______?
-- Once a year.
A. does; hold
B. was; hold
C. is; held
D. did; hold
（）6．On May 30th, , one bowl in the Ming dynasty (明朝) _______ at the price of 30.36 million Hong Kong dollars. A. sell B. sold C. is sold D. was sold
（）7．The "Thousand- hand Guanyin" ____ by many people as the best performance at CCTV's Spring Festival Evening.
A. has been regarded
B. are regarded
C. has regarded
D. regards
（）8．—Those eggs of different colors are very beautiful.
—Yes, they ______ in Hangzhou.
A. painted
B. were painting
C. were painted
D. had painted
（）9．---Don’t litter the ground, boy ,Look at the sign:: “Rubbish into the dustbin.”
---Sorry.
A, has throw B, was throw C, must throw D, must be thrown
（）10．The 29th 0lympic Games __in Beijing in 2008．
A．will hold B will be held C．hold
（）11. The girl was often heard happily in her room.
A. sing
B. to sing
C. singing
D. sings
（）12. It is reported that more new teaching buildings _________ in our school in the next term.
A. will be built
B. was built
C. has built
D. will build
（）13. It is reported that more new teaching buildings _________ in our school in the next term.
A. will be built
B. was built
C. has built
D. will build
（）14. The sick boy _________ to hospital by the police yesterday.
A. is taken
B. was taken
C. takes
D. took
（）15. --It’s difficult for the village children to cross the river for school.
--I think a bridge _________ over the river.
A. was built
B. is being built
C. has been built
D. should be built
（）16. --David, turn off the TV________ no one is watching it.
--But it ________ off already! The music is from the radio.
A. so that, has been turned
B. when, has turned
C. if, has been turned
D. because, has turned
（）17. Usually John to school in his father’s beautiful car.
A. has taken
B. is taking
C. is taken
D. has been taken
（）18. Don’t put off today’s work for tomorrow. I mean, today’s work _________ today.
A. may do
B. must do
C. may be done
D. must be done
（）19.--Look, what an old palace! It looks so great!
--Yeah, it ________ nearly 800 years ago.
A. was building
B. was built
C. has built
D. is built
（）20. Don’t discuss the problems with your partner unless you _________ to do so.
A. ask
B. are asked
C. will ask
D. will be asked
把下列句子改写成被动语态
1.They make machines in that factory. __________________________________
2.Every body likes this song. __________________________________
3.He doesn't show the stamps to me. __________________________________
4.People don't grow rice in the west of Japan. _____________________________
5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble. _______________________________
6.Do the workers build many buildings? __________________________________
7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses? __________________________________
8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu? __________________________________
9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do? _________________________
10.How many desks do they buy every term? __________________________________
将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词
1. We can finish the work in two days.→ The work __________ _________ __________ in two days.
2. They produce silk in Suzhou. → Silk _________ ________ in Suzhou.
3. The children will sing an English song. → An English song ________ __________ ________ by the children.
4. You needn't do it now. →It __________________ _________ by you now.
5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week. →A New Year Card ________ ________________ her by me last week.
6. Peole use metal for making machines. → Metal _________________ for making machines.
7. He made me do that for him. →I _________________ _________ that for him.
8.I have given this book to the library. → This book ________________ ________ to the library.
9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? →________ a bridge ________ here by them a year ago?
10.We'll put on an English play in our school. → An English play _______________ _______ on in our school.
11.More and more farmers buy colour TV sets. →Colour TV sets ______________ ______ more and more farmers.
12.My brother often mends his watch. → His watch __________________ _________ by my brother.
13.We must water the flowers every day. →The flowers must ________________ (by us) every day.
14.They use knives for cu tting things. → Knives ________ _______ for cutting things.
15.He made the farmers work for a long time. →The farmers ________ ______________ ______ for a long time.
16.Did he break the window yesterday? →_________ the window ______________ ________ yesterday?
17.They have sold out the light green dresses. → The light green dresses _______________ ______ out.
18.We clean the classroom every day. →The classroom _________________ every day.
19. You must not plant trees in very dry earth. → T rees ______ ______ _______ ______ in very dry earth.
20.You can dig a hole in the earth. →A Hole __________________ __________ in the earth.
用动词的正确语态填空
1. The students ____________ often ____________(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
2. That play _______________(put) on again sometime next month.
3. The old man is ill. He ______________ (must send) to the hospital.
4. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.
5. ---What __________ a knife ____________ (make) of?
---It _______________(make) of metal and wood.
6. A Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday.
7. ____________ the magazine ____________(can take) out of the library?
8. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.
9. The stars _____________ (can see) in the daytime.
10. Some flowers __________(water) by Li Ming already.
11. These kinds of machines __________(make) in Japan.
12. Apples _________ ________(grow) in this farm.
13. Russian ___________ _______________ (learn)as the second language by some students in China.
14. Planes, cars and trains _____________ ____________ (use) by business people for travelling.
15. The cinema ______________ ____________ (build) in 1985.
16. The bike ___________ ____________ ___________ ____________ (must not put) here.
17. A beautiful horse ____________ ____________ ___________ (draw) by John next day.
18. This kind of machine _______________ _____________(can made) by uncle Wang.
19. Mr. Green ____________ ____________ (open) two new school.
20. The PLA ____________ ____________ (found) on August 1st,1927.
初中被动语态语法讲解 (一) 语态分类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done 一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done 现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done 将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. (2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 4. 过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时：
【英语】英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.” A．could have been rewarded B．must have been rewarded C．should be rewarded D．need have been rewarded 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded本可以被授予；B. must have been rewarded一定被授予；C. should be rewarded应该被授予；D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境，A选项正确。 【点睛】 could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为“可能（已经)”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。故A选项正确。 2．—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A．serve B．is serving C．is being served D．has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。 3．The affairs of each country should be by its own people. A．elected B．settled C．developed D．contained 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。elect选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。故选B。 4．—Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow? —Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher. A．was sent B．has been sent C．had been sent D．would be sent
（英语）高考英语被动语态练习题及答案 一、单项选择被动语态 1．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ each year. A．is washing away B．is being washed away C．are washing away D．are being washed away 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤：1. 确定谓语单复数：根据quantity的用法，quantities of和a quantity of后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数，但它们作主语时，quantities of...后面的谓语动词用复数，而a quantity of...的谓语动词用单数，故排除A、D项。2. 确定第二空：随着森林的被毁，土壤正在被冲走，故应该用现在进行时的被动语态。句意：随着森林的被毁，大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上，故选D项。 【名师点拨】 quantities of和a quantity of后面加可数名词复数，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；quantities of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；a quantity of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。https://www.doczj.com/doc/ed17289070.html,rge quantities of money have been sent there大量的钱已经被送到那里；A large quantity of money has been wasted.大量的钱已经被浪费；2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.大量的书已经提供给我们； Quantities of nuts are on the table.大量的坚果在桌子上。 2．—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A．serve B．is serving C．is being served D．has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。 3．To my ________， he was not a little ________ at the news that he had won the first prize in the English speech contest, for he thought that he didn't perform so well. A．astonishment；astonishing B．astonished；astonishing C．astonishment；astonished D．astonish；astonishment 【答案】C 【解析】
动词语态 英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。 如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。如： They speak English.他们讲英语。 主语“他们”是“讲”这一行为的执行者，是主动句，动词用主动语态来表示； English is spoken by them.英语由他们讲。 主语“英语”是“讲”的承受者，是被动句，动词用被动语态的形式。 He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态） 一、被动语态的构成 1、助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词构成动词的被动语态的形式。助动词be有人称、数和 时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。 二、主动语态变被动语态 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： （1）将主动句的宾语变为主语： 注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom. 主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语，放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动作的执行者无须说明或不必要强调时，by短语可以省略。主动语态、被动语态两种时态要保持一致。 （2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。 They held a meeting yesterday. →A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。 （3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。 注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. →A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： 含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。 We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. 三、各种时态的被动语态 1、一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词 We are taught English by her.由她教我们英语。 2、一般过去时：was/were+过去分词 A present was given to me by Mary.玛丽给了我一件礼物。 3、一般将来时：will be+过去分词 The desk will be mended by him.这张桌子将由他修理。 4、现在进行时：am/is/are +being + 过去分词 The walls are being painted now.正在粉刷墙壁。 5、过去进行时：was/were +being + 过去分词
英语被动语态总结与练习 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2) has /have been done 现在完成时 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时 A new cinema is being built here． 4) was/were done 一般过去时I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5) had been done 过去完成时By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6) was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I was there. 7) shall/will be done 一般将来时Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8) should/would be done 过去将来时The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）The project will have been completed before July. 10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用） He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
被动语态 一、被动语态的定义 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如：We speak English. 句子中主语we是speak（讲）这个动作的执行者。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：English is spoken by them. 句子中主语English是speak（讲）这个动作的承受者，即英语被讲。被动语态相当于汉语的“被”字句。 二、被动语态的构成 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化来体现。 被动语态的构成是：主语+be+动词的过去分词 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的形式变化来表示。 1、记住下面几种时态的被动语态的构成： 一般现在时：主语+am/is/are+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 一般过去时：主语+was/were+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 一般将来时：主语+will/shall+be+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 现在进行时：主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者）
过去进行时：主语+was/were+being+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 现在完成时：主语+have/has+been+过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 2、含有情态动词的被动语态 主语+情态动词+be+动词的过去分词（+by+动作的执行者）（强调动作的执行者） 三、被动语态的用法 1、怎样确定该用被动语态？ （1）不知道或者没有必要说明动作的执行者。 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 我们在做题时要注意：如果主语能执行这个动作，就用主动语态；主语不能执行动作，反而要被动作去执行，这时就用被动语态。 2、用被动语态要注意两个问题 （1）不管是把主动语态变被动语态还是把被动语态变主动语态都要保持时态一致 （2）在主动语态中make,see,let等省to的在被动语态中要加上to. 3、不能使用被动语态的情况： （1）不及物动词不能用于被动语态，如：happen,take place,last,cost,change，begin等 （2）当直接宾语是反身代词时，不能用被动语态 连系词无被动，而是用主动形式表示被动意义如：
被动语态 1. The PRC (found) in 1949. 2. Edison’s mother (save) after the operation. 3. I (tell) the good news yesterday. I was pleased to hear that. 4. Dr. Bethune went on with the operation though he (ask) to leave. 5. Very little (know) about the universe thousands of years ago. 6. —Where is Peter? —He (tell) to meet some foreign friends just now. 7. He (live) in this house since it (build). 8. Trees must (put) in the hole so that it is straight. 9. Old people must (speak) to politely. 10. Let’s (go) home if your homework (do). 11. Miss Zhao usually (ask) us some questions in class but yesterday she (ask) a lot of questions by us. 12. Tom (catch) a bad cold. He (must take) good care of. 13. —Look! I (buy) a new dictionary. —When it (buy)? —The day before yesterday. 14. I can’t mend the machine. Uncle Wang should (send) for at once. 15. He showed me the kite as soon as it (make). 16. —this kind of flower (water) every day? —Certainly. It (need) much more water than the others. 17. —Which does Li Lei prefer, the long jump or the high jump? —Of course, the high jump. He (know) to be good at it. 18. Sometimes Tom (take) to school by bike, but now he (walk) to school by himself every morning. 19. No more bread (need) because my mother (buy) so much of it. 20. Stamps can (use) to send and receive letters. 21. My bike (not work) now. It must (mend). I (use) it tomorrow. 22. Your shoes (wear) out. But they can (mend) here. 被动语态专项练习 将下列句子变成被动语态(A) 1.They produce silk in Suzhou. _____________________________. 2. We take good care of our textbooks. ____________________________. 3. Many young people don’t speak Russian. ______________________________. 4. Do you often make lanterns for the traditional Lantern Festival in China?______________. 5. His mother gave him a present for his birthday.________________________________. 6. They didn’t choose me this term. _____________________________________. 7. I often hear him sing in his room. __________________________________. 8. The story made us laugh. ____________________________________. 9. We are going to build a school in the small village. ____________________________. 10. When will you held the match? _______________________________. 11. We should plant many trees on the mountains. ________________________________. 12. His mother told him not to waste time on fishing. _________________________________. 13. Father gave me a toy at Christmas. ______________________________________.
【英语】高三英语被动语态试题经典及解析 一、单项选择被动语态 1．Various efforts ________ in the past decades to protect the environment. A．had made B．have made C．were made D．have been made 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past decades可知句子用现在完成时态，efforts是句子主语，复数形式，和谓语动词make之间是被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态，故答案为D。 2．—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A．serve B．is serving C．is being served D．has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。 3．Many subway stations, including the one near our school, ________ at present for a better transport in the city. A．are constructing B．are being constructed C．is constructing D．is being constructed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：许多地铁站，包括我们学校附近的地铁站，目前正在建设中，以便有更便利的交通。此处表示动作正在进行，句中主语Many subway stations和动词construct是被动关系，所以此处用现在进行时的被动，与主语一致，故选B. 【点睛】 现在进行时的被动结构：be + being+过去分词 A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad.一批东风卡车正被运往国外。 1）“be being done” 中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。 2）将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是：把be doing变为be being done. 例1. The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The classroom is being cleaned now. 现在学生们正在打扫教室。 (are cleaning变为is being cleaned) 例2. The boy is counting some sheep. →Some sheep are being counte d. 那男孩正在数羊。 (is counting 变为 are being counted)
高一专题系列一被动语态 ●学而时习 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。 ●知识点精讲透析 ●考点一主动语态“变性”被动语态 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： (1) 将主动句的宾语变为主语，如果主动句的宾语是代词，需变为主格。 (2) 将动词改为“be+过去分词”，be与新主语的人称和数一致，时态不变。 (3) 将主动语态的主语前加by放在谓语动词后，如果原主语是代词，要变为宾格。如： They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held（by them）yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。昨天举行了一个会议。 They won’t forgive me. → I won’t be forgiven by them. 他们不会原谅我的。我不会被他们原谅的。 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： (1) 主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示“人们”、“大家”等，变为被动句时，通常删去“by…”，除非强调原主语。如： They set up this hospital in 1975. → This hospital was set up in 1975. 这所医院建于1975年。 Only he can finish the job. 只有他能完成这项工作。→ The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。 (2) 含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式，但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. (3) 含有宾语+宾语补足语的句子，变成被动句后原来的宾语补足语就成了主语补足语了；注意：不带to的不定式作宾语补足语时，变成被动时要加上to。 I heard Emily sing the song just now. → Emily was heard to sing the song just now. 我刚才听见艾米莉唱这首歌了。 (4) 含有宾语从句的主动句变为被动句，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，把宾语从句后置。 We have determined that the plan should be carried out soon. It has been determined that the plan should be carried out soon. 我们决定这项计划必须马上实施。 (5) 双重被动结构: 当某人或物成为两次动作的承受者时，要用双重被动结构。如： Parents often ask their children to do too much homework. The children are often asked to do too much homework. Too much homework is often asked to be done by the children.
被动语态 授课人：授课时间： 一、语态概述 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。 例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 判断：你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？ We call the doctor. People don’t play football here. The truck was cleaned yesterday. Mr Chen teaches us English. The classroom was cleaned. 二、被动语态的构成：be+动词的过去分词+by sb（be+done) 一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught 一般过去时：was／were＋taught 一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋taught 过去进行时：have／has been＋taught 现在完成时：have／has been＋taught 含有情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must/should... +be done
歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、主动变被动的方法 口诀：主变宾，宾变主，By 句尾跟 Be 字变，Vpp跟后面 一、选择题（2×15=30分） 一、选择题（2×15=30分） ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )3.Cotton（棉花）____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( )4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( )6.How many trees ____ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
被动语态专项练习 一、选择题（2×15=30分） ( ) a new library _____ in our school last year A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build ( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )（棉花）____ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow ( ) far, the moon ____ by man already. ? A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited ( ) talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives ( ) many trees ____ this year A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted ( ) lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done ( ) ___ this kind of computers______ --Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used ( ) Great Wall ____ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known ( ) _____ this book _____ A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written ( ) story _____ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us ( ) monkey was seen _____ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump ( ) school bag ___ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put ( ) people ____ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after ( ) teacher ______ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（1×20=20分）(请注意时态和语态两 ．．．．．．．．． 个方面噢 ．．．．) 's said(据说) that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．
义务教育基础课程初中教学资料 被动语态小结及练习 一、被动语态的用法： 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 1. 一般现在时的被动语态：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. 3. 现在完成时的被动语态：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. 4. 过去完成时的被动语态: had been +及物动词的过去分词 The dish had been eaten up when I got there. 5. 一般将来时的被动语态：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. 6. 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 Young trees must be watered often. 7. 现在进行时的被动语态：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now. → My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 8. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词 There are two books to be read. →There are twenty more trees to be planted. 二、怎样把主动语态改成被动语态? 把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤： 1. 先找出谓语动词； 2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语； 3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语； 4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。 例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题： 1. 不及物动词无被动语态。What will happen in 100 years. 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。 This pen writes well. His novel sells well. 他的小说畅销。 3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。 例：make somebody do something → somebody+ be +made to do something 4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定 He gave me a book.→ A book was given to me by him. 5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laugh at by us. 注意:
被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。 以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2）has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3）am/is /are being done现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．4）was/were done一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5）had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6）was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there. 7）shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8）should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。例I don't like being laughed at in the public.