牛津深圳版八年级上英语Unit 4 课文+语法练习题（无答案）
Unit 4 Inventions
课文重点
Great inventions
Great inventions change the world. They help people live a better life. The following are three of the most important inventions in history.
The wheel
The wheel is perhaps the greatest invention in history. After its invention, travelling became faster and more comfortable. A few thousand years ago, people started to use wheels on carriages. In the early 19th century, the
first trains began to carry passengers. At the start of the 20th century, cars became popular. Without the wheel, we would not have these inventions.
The telephone
Alexander Graham Bell invented one of the first practical telephones in 1876. Since then, people have been able to speak to each other over long distances. Today millions of people across the world own mobile phones. They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.
The light bulb
Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879. Before the invention of the light bulb, people had
to use oil lamps, gas lamps or candles to see at night. With light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evening as they can in the daytime. Can you imagine living without them?
Key sentences
1. Listen to advertisements for four funny inventions. 听四则有趣发明的广告.
(1).advertisement n.广告(可数) ad 缩写advertise v.做广告，登广告
They will put an advertisement in the newspaper.
(2) .funny adj.可笑的；滑稽的You' re an extremely funny man. 你是一个非常滑稽的人。
fun 与funny 的区别: fun 与funny 都可以作形容词，但它们的意思不同,fun 意为有趣的
funny 意为滑稽的, fun 还可以作名词,意为乐趣,有趣的事物.
2. Write a short article about a new invention that you will create.
写一篇有关你要创造的一项新发明的短文.
(1)create v.创作,创造creation n. 创造物,作品creator n.创造者creative adj.有创造力的
creativity n. 创造力
试翻译：这个创造者创作了这个作品，他很有创造力。
The creator created the creation, he is creative.
【辨析】create 和make
create 创造,创作创造出原来并不存在的东西He created a new idea. 他创造了一个新想法.
make 创造,制作通过工作制造出某种东西The workers make the watch in the factory.
工人们在工厂制造手表.
3. telephone n.电话,电话机缩写形式是phone mobil phone 移动电话,手机
I don ' t have a telepho我ne没. 有一部电话.
telephone v.给??打电话I telephone my grandpa every week. 我每周给爷爷打电话. 给某人打电话的表达：
①telephone /phone sb I often telephone /phone my mother about my study.
②call sb please call me.
③give sb a call I gave my father a call yesterday.
④make a telephone call to sb My friends often make a telephone call to me.
4. After its invention, traveling became faster and more comfortable. 它发明后旅行变得更快更舒适了. comfortable adj. 舒适的,其比较级是more comfortable.
comfortably adv. 舒适地uncomfortable adj. 使人不舒服的
A home should be comfortable and friendly. 家应该让人感觉到舒适、亲切的.
5.In the early 19th century 在19 世纪早期
century n.世纪(可数) in the+序数词+century 在?世纪
in the early 19th century = at the start of the 19th century. 在19 世纪初
in the late 19th century = at the end of the 19th century. 在19 世纪末He was the most famous writer in the 19 th.他是19 世纪最著名的作家.
6. Alexander Graham Bell invented one of the first practical telephones in 1876. Alexander Graham Bell 在1876 年发
明了第一批可用的电话之一.
(1)invent v. 发明invention n 发明inventor v. 发明
invent 与discover invent 发明指客观上没有，发明以前未曾有过的东西，如新发明的使用工具，方法discover 发现
指发现客观已存在，但是不为人知的东西或者事情；
Gilbert discovered electricity, but Edison invented the electric light bulb.
(2) practical adj. 实用的拓展：practice 练习n practise 练习v
Our clothes are lightweight, fashionable and practical for holidays. 我们的服装轻便,时尚，并且很适合度假穿。
7. Thomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879.
爱迪生在1879 年发明了第一批可用的电灯
develop v. 发展,开发,研发We need to develop solar energy.我们需要开发太阳能。
拓展：development 发展n developed 发达的adj developing 发展中的adj 发达国家： a developed country 发展中国家： a developing country
8. They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere. 它们容许人们在任何时候，在任何地点彼
此保持联系。
1)allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事allow doing 是某人允许做某事We don't allow smoking in our house. 在我们家里
不容许吸烟。
They allow their children to go to the park. 他们允许孩子们去公园。
2)keep in touch with sb=stay in touch with 和某人保持联系
Do you still keep in touch with your parents after you leave them? 你离开父母以后还经常与他们保持联系吗？
9. With light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime. 用电灯,人们在晚上做和明天一样多的事情.
as many+复数名词+as one can 和?一样多的?
You can borrow as many books as he can.你可以和他借一样多的书.
词形填空
1. __________________________________ Edison was famous for his (invent).
2. In the early ______ (twenty) century, cars became popular.
3. They allow people ___________(keep) in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.
4. Today ____________ (thousand) of people across the world come to China.
5. America is a __________ (develop) country.
6. Lucy is the ____________ (tall) of the two.
7. English is as _________ (important) as Chinese.
8. Can you walk __________ (far) than a young man?
9. This is the _______ (good) city that we have ever visited.
10. ___________________________________ With light bulb, people can do as (many) things in the evening as they can in the daytime.
11. Can you tell me the ______ (distant) between your home and your school?
12. Great inventions help people live a better _ .(life)
13. Can you imagine ____________(live) without light bulbs?
同义词.
( ) 1.My new shoes feel comfortable, so I like wearing them.
A. hard
B. good
C. soft and nice
D. beautiful
( ) 2. Our company developed a new umbrella last month.
A. found
B. bought
C. created
D. sold
( ) 3. This story happened a century ago.
A. a hundred years
B. a few hundred years
C. a thousand years
D. thousands of years
牛津深圳版八年级上英语 Unit 4 课文+语法练习题（无答案）
(not) as...as
as ?? as 意为“和??一样”，not as ??a 意s 为“不及??”，表示同级的比较。
1. 基本结构： as + adj. + as ，否定形式为： not as/so+ adj. + as ，中间用形容词的原级。 eg: The book is as interesting as that one. （注意：第一个 as 不能用 so 替换）
2. 当 as...as 中间加名词时，结构为： as+ many/much + n. + as ，否定形式为： not as+ many/much + n. + as 。需要注意的是：当名词为可数名词时，中间为 “ many+
可数名词复数 ”，当名词为不可数名词时，中间为 “ much +不可数名词 ”。 eg: Tom has as many pictures as John. eg: This cup is nearly as big as that one. 难点：在同一范围内比较时，必须把主语排除在被比较的范围之外。 eg 1：China is larger than any other country in Asia. （解析： 中国是属于亚洲的， 所以 是在同一范围内 ，只能和其它对象进行比较）
( ) 4. Your invention is clever, but not practical.
A. nice
B. useful
C. useless
( ) 5. We can use solar power instead of petrol to make less pollution.
A. sad
B. amusing
C. unhappy ( ) 6. At the start of the 20 th century, cars became popular.
A. beginning
B. end
C. middle
( ) 7. Since then, he has developed another bad habit.
A. at that moment
B. from then on
C. a few days ago
( ) 8. Cars are not as fast as planes. A. more fast than B. faster than C. more slow than
语法
一、形容词比较级和最高级不规则变化形式：
D. important D. in place of D. first
D. after a few days
D. slower than
eg 2：China is larger than any country in Africa. （解析：中国不属于非洲，所以是不同范围，可以和其中任意一个对象进行比较）
【举一反三】
eg: Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国其他任何一个城市都大。
Shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China. 上海比中国其他所有的城市都大。
一、单项选择。
1．This box is _____ that one.
A．heavy than B．so heavy than C．heavier as D．as heavy as
2．We should be _____ to old people.
A ．as polite as possible B．as polite as possibly C．as politely as possible
D．as politely as possibly
3．This book is ____ that one, but ____ than that one.
A．as difficult as; expensive B．as more difficult as; more expensive
C．as difficult as; more expensive D．more difficult as; as expensive
4．I think the story is not so as that one.
A ．interesting
B ．interested C．more interesting D ．most interesting
5．On my ____ birthday I got a computer from my parents.
A．ten B ．ten-year-old C．tenth D．the tenth
6．I think science is __ than Japanese.
A．much important B ．important C．much more important D ．more much
important
7．This pencil is __ than that one.
A ．longest
B ．long
C ．longer D．as long
8．My mother is no ____ young.
A. shorter
B. longer
C. little
D. few
9．These children are ____ this year than they were last year.
A ．more tall
B ．more taller C．very taller D．much taller
10．It was very hot yesterday, but it is today.
A．even hotter B．more hotter C．much more hot D ．much hot
语法填空。
_____ 1 ___ (hundred) of years ago, people dreamed of 2___(fly) in the sky. Now, flying machines can even
take people into space. Let's look at how they began. ___3___December 17, 1903, the world ' s first
through the sky in the US. Who made this great___4___(invent)? The Wright brothers: Wilbur and Orville Wright
( 莱特兄弟).The Wright brothers were ___5___(bear)in America. They wanted 6__(fly) when they were just
children. They studied birds. They observed ( 观察) ___7___ they flew. They did more than 1,000 experiments. The brothers ' first ___ 8 _____ (success) airplane was 飞行一号“ F).ly Iet rf le1w 3”6 m( eters and stayed in the air
___9 ___ 12 seconds. The flight was short, 10 ___ , it changed our world.
1. ____________
2. ____________
3. _______________
4. ______________
5. _____________
6. ____________
7. _____________
8. _______________
9. ____________ 10. ______________
育英二外小学英语语法大全 第一章名词 一、定义 名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。 二、分类 1.名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词 如：john is a student student是普通名词，john是专有名词 普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an,定冠词the或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。 2.普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。 3.专有名词 专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。 三、名词的数 1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词——可以数的名词 不可数名词——数不清（没有复数） drink?milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridge food?rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings 2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式 many+可数名词复数 much/a little+不可数名词 some,any,a lot of(lots of)两者都可以修饰。 3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰 不可数名词数词+量词+of+名词 对可数名词的数量提问用how many 对不可数名词的数量提问用how much 4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法： 1）some,much,a little,a lot of,a bit of,plenty of用等表示多少。
初中英语语法练习12 牛津版 I、 Choose the best answer. (共26分) 1. Be careful when you go out. The streets ______ snow now. A. are made of B. are covered with C. are made up of D. are full of 2. ----I’m sorry I’ve broken your vase. -----: ______ A. with pleasure B. d on’t mind C. never mind D. don’t be sorry 3. The English story is quite easy for you. There are only ______ new words in it. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 4. I’ll show you ______ our new housing estate when you finish your project. A. in B. to C. at D. around 5. They have to go over their lessons before nine o’clock, ______ ? A. haven’t they B. do they C. have they D. don’t they 6. A talk on science ______ in our school last Monday. A. gave B. gives C. was given D. is given 7. You will succeed in your work ______ you give up hope. A. unless B. if C. after D. until 8. He ______ from his newspaper as I entered the room. A. looked up B. looked at C. looked for D. looked out 9. Don’t talk to Simon like that. After all, he is only ______ o ne-year-old boy. A. a B. an C. the D. / 10. In my class, some students love music, ______ are fond of drawing. A. another B. the other C. the others D. others 11. My sister doesn’t like her new sweater. It makes her look rather ______ . A. fat B. nice C. fatter D. nicer 12. Unluckily, Mr. Brown drove so ______ that his car crashed into a tree yesterday evening. A. careful B. carefully C. careless D. carelessly 13. These days Sally ______ on a diet. She only eats two meals a day. A. was going B. has gone C. goes D. is going 14. Amy has no idea ______ spend her summer holidays. A. what she should B. when should she C. where she should D. that she should 15. ______ fun it is to have a picnic on such a sunny day! A. what a B. what an C. what D. how 16. ______ Peter finished his homework, he jumped onto his bike and rode to the beach. A. though B. until C. as soon as D. if 17．I’m afraid you have made _____mistakes in the test. Please be careful next time. A. a few B. much C. a little D. few 18．Since you are very tired, you ____finish the work today. A. don’t B. needn’t to C. not need D. needn’t 19. Usually children ____ good care of by their parents when they are at home. A. take B. are taking C. have taken D. are taken 20. This isn’t ____ Chinese textbook. I think it is ____.
补充： 1.句子的构成 初中一年级上语法 1.in,on,at表示时间的应用 in +parts of day(evening,morning,etc) /month/season/year on + day (Sunday, etc)/date(1 July,etc)/parts of a special day( Sunday morning)/special holidays(Children’s Day) at + time of day (seven o’clock)/ age(6 years old) 2.频率副词 never, seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always 3.疑问副词的用法 what,which,who,whose,when,why,how 4.可数名词与不可数名词 5.some和any的用法 6.There be句型 7.现在进行时及动词+ing的用法 初中一年级下语法 1.序数词与基数词 2.一般将来时：will与shall、be going to 3.名词所有格 名字+’s，mine,yours,ours,theirs,his,hers,its 4.冠词a,an, the的用法 5.表示方位的介词 In front of, behind,inside,outside,above,below,over,under 6.一般过去式及过去分词+ed的用法 7.can,could,may的用法 8.What 和How开头的感叹句 9形容词的用法，在句子中的位置 10.不定代词的用法 Somebody, someone, something Anybody, anyone, anything Nobody, no one, nothing Everybody, everyone, everthing 初中二年级上语法 1.比较级、最高级的用法 than作为比较级、the+最高级的用法 +er 及+est 的用法，most+形容词表示最高级 2. more…than, fewer….than,less..than, the most, the fewest, the least的用法 3. as…as的用法 4.反身代词的用法 Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 5.祈使句的用法
牛津小学英语语法复习 一、时态 1．一般现在时 （1）表示经常发生的动作或事情，通常用“usually, often, every day, sometimes，always,never”等词。 2．现在进行时, （1）表示正在发生的动作，通常用“now,look”. （2）基本形式： be + 动词+ing eg: I am(not) doing my homework. You/We/They are(not) reading. He/She/It is(not) eating. What are you doing? Is he reading?
3. 一般过去时态 （1）表示过去已经发生的事情,通常用“last week, just now, yesterday”等词。 （2） be 动词的过去式: am/is—was are—were I/He/she/it was(not)…. You/we/they were…. 一般疑问句was, were 放在句首。 (4)动词过去式的变化： 不规则动词的变化： 原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式sweep swept teach taught have had go went keep kept think thought do did find found sleep slept buy bought eat ate say said feel felt drink drank is/am was take took read read give gave are were mean meant put put sing sang drive drove meet met cut cut begin began speak spoke make made let let ring rang write wrote see saw fly flew run ran ride rode come came
语法及练习1 be动词 Be 动词的用法： (1) Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，复数全用are。 (2) 肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. (3) 一般疑问句Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. 用恰当的be动词填空。 1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not. 2. The girl______ Jack's sister. 3. The dog _______ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. 5. ______ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home. 7. How _______ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. 9. Whose dress ______ this? 10. Whose socks ______ they? 11. That ______ my red skirt. 12. Who ______ I? 13.The jeans ______ on the desk. 14. Here ______ a scarf for you. 15. Here ______ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _____ for me. 19. Some tea ______ in the glass. 20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there. 21. My sister's name ______Nancy. 22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil. 23. ______ David and Helen from England? 24. There ______ a girl in the room. 25. There ______ some apples on the tree. `26. _______ there any kites in the classroom? 27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle? 28. There _______ some bread on the plate. 29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.
A词汇 1、tough adj. 坚硬的; 坚强的,坚忍不拔的 e.g. tough young teenagers 粗暴的青少年。 He has a tough character.他有一个坚韧的性格。 2、popularity n. popular adj. 普遍,流行;受欢迎;有声望 e.g. the popularity of football 足球运动的普及 His generosity gained him popularity. 他的慷慨为他获得了人气。 3、toget her adv. 共同地 together with =as well as; along with 同…一起，和；连同. e.g. Their meal arrived, together with a carafe of red wine. 他们的菜上来了，还有一瓶红葡萄酒。 4、instead & instead of 替代 Instead既可以放在句中，也可以置于句末，常用逗号与后面的句子隔开，意 为“反而，相反的是”；instead of为固定搭配，意为“代替”，后面接被代替的人或事 I went shopping instead of going to the cinema. = I didn’t go to the cinema, I went shopping instead. = I didn’t go to the cinema, instead, I went shopping. 5、express v. 1表达, 陈述. 2特快发送,快递 expression n. 1.表情2.表示，表达3.词组 He expressed complete satisfaction.他表示完全满意。 He closed his letter with expression of grateful thanks. 他在那封信的结尾表达了自己的感激之情。 6、wonder v.对…产生疑惑，想知道n.奇观，奇迹；惊叹，惊异 e.g. They waited and wondered what to do. 他们等待着, 不知干什么。 I don‘t wonder at her refusing to marry him. 她拒绝和他结婚我一点也不感到惊异。 Books are filled with many wonders. 书中充满了新奇的事物。 7、pale adj. 1.苍白的,灰白的2.浅色的,淡的. e.g. His face turned pale at the sight of the blood. 他一看见血就脸色发白。 8、in total 总计，合计 e.g. Please tell me the total charges for the night. 请告诉我一晚的总费用。 His plan ended in total failure. 他的计划以彻底失败告终。 9、around adv. 在四周/ 大约/在附近 e.g. One of them was glancing nervously around. 其中有一个人在紧张地东张西望。
?一般情况下，直接加s 如：read-reads，swim-swims ?以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾，加es 如：wash-washes，watch-watches，do-does ?以辅音字母＋y结尾，变y为i，再加es 如：study-studies，fly-flies ?不规则变化如：have-has 4、一般现在时的句型转换： 肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答 They watch TV every day.They don’t watch TV every day. —Do they watch TV every day? —Yes, they do. / No, they don’t. She watches TV She doesn’t watch— Does she watch TV every day?
every https://www.doczj.com/doc/b92686154.html, every day.—Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t. 现在进行时 1、定义：表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。句中常有now，look，listen等词。 如：I am washing clothes now. Look! Liu Tao is climbing the tree. Listen! Jane is singing in the music room. 2、构成：be动词（am/is/are）+ 动词现在分词（V-ing） 3、动词现在分词构成： ?一般是在动词原形后加ing 如：read-reading，drink-drinking，eat-eating，look-looking ?以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e，再加ing 如：write-writing，make-making，ride-riding，take-taking ?以重读闭音节结尾，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写这个字母，再加ing 如：sit-sitting，swim-swimming，put-putting，run-running，stop-stopping，get- getting，begin-beginning，jog-jogging，forget-forgetting 4、动名词其实就是动词的现在分词，它既有名词性质（可作主语），又有动词性质（可带宾语）。 如：Asking the way My hobby is collecting stamps. He is good at skating. 5、现在进行时的句型转换： 肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答 —Is he running now? He is running now.He isn’t running now. —Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.
五年级英语语法知识汇总 一、词类： 1、名词 这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is 人称代词：有主格和宾格之分。一般动词前用主格，动词后用宾格。 3、指示代词 4、冠词 有a、an、the。a和an的区别：an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母a、e、i、o、u）前，a用于辅音音素前。 二、否定句： be动词（am、is、are）+not、 情态动词can+ not、 助动词（do、does）+ not 如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句： 1、看句中有无be动词，如有，直接在be动词后+ not。 2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+ not。 3、如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤：
（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do、does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does， （3）在助动词后加not。 （4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。 强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。 三、一般疑问句。 如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为一般疑问句： 1、看句中有无be动词，如有，把be动词提到句首即可。 2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，把情态动词提到句首即可。 3、如上述二者都没有，就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤： （1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do还是does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does （3）把助动词后提到句首。 （4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。 强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。 四、特殊疑问句。 表示疑问，有疑问词（在开头），回答有很多种可能。 五、时态 1、一般现在时 （1）一般现在时中的be动词： 一般用原形：am is are am用于第一人称单数（I）；is用于第三人称单数（he she it和其他人名或称谓，如：Ben his sister 等）；are用于第二人称单数（you）和所有复数（包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you；第三人称复数they和其他复数，如the children 、his parents等）。 （2）一般现在时中的动词： 第一种情况：主语是第三人称单数（he she it 和其他，如Helen 、her cousin 等），动词后一般加s或es。 第二种情况：主语不是第三人称单数，动词都用原形。 （4）一般现在时判断依据（如何判断一个句子是一般现在时）： △be动词是am、is、are △动词用原形或加s、es △没有时间状语或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具体的时间
1 / 4 初中英语语法练习（十二） I、Choose the best answer. (共26分) 1. Be careful when you go out. The streets ______ snow now. A. are made of B. are covered with C. are made up ofD. are full of 2. ----I'm sorry I've broken your vase.-----: ______ A. with pleasure B. don't mind C. never mind D. don't be sorry 3. The English story is quite easy for you. There are only ______ new words in it. A. a littleB. littleC. a fewD. few 4. I'll show you ______ our new housing estate when you finish your project. A. inB. toC. atD. around 5. They have to go over their lessons before nine o'clock, ______ ? A. haven't they B. do they C. have they D. don't they 6. A talk on science ______ in our school last Monday. A. gave B. givesC. was givenD. is given 7. You will succeed in your work ______ you give up hope. A. unlessB. ifC. afterD. until 8. He ______ from his newspaper as I entered the room. A. looked upB. looked atC. looked forD. looked out 9. Don't talk to Simon like that. After all, he is only ______ one-year-old boy.A. aB. anC. theD. / 10. In my class, some students love music, ______ are fond of
八年级英语语法专项练习（无答案）牛津版 (1) 数词, 冠词, 介词, 动词时态变化, 比较级和最高级 一写出复数 1. radio 2. knife 3. glass 4. shelf 5. boss 6. dress 7. housewife 8.postman 9. leaf 10. church 11. mouth 12. family 13. tie 14. tomato 15. piano 16. baby 17. tooth 18. country 19. key 20 potato 21. match 22. box 23. hour 24. hero 二用冠词a, an, the 或 some , any 填空, 如果不需要,则用 / 代替. 1. Alice is ____ air-hostess. Her father is ____ engineer and her mother is _____ housewife. They all play ______ tennis very well. 2. He has ____ uncle and his uncle lives in ____ United Kindom. He first saw him in ____ autumn of 1978. 7. We need _____ ink, is there _____ left? 3. It is better to tell ______ truth than to tell _______ lies. 4. Will you have ______ more tea? There’s plenty in the pot. 5. There is ___university near my home. Every Saturday evening,___ students hold ____ party. ___ are dancing, ____ are singing. They make a lot of noise. 6. Get me ________ cigarettes, please. ______ kind will do. 三用适当介词填空. 1. Can you see the words written ________ the blackboard? (in, on, by, with) 2. She is taking the children out _______ a walk. (in, on, for, by) 3. You can choose the best one ________ them. (in, on, among, by) 4. Jack broke the chocolate _______ several pieces. (in, on, with, into) 5. There are two bridges ______ the river. ( in, on, with, into) 6. There is a slogan(标语) _______ the wall. (on, in, over, above) 7. He sits ________ his desk all day _______his head _______ his hands. He is deep in thought. (on, in, at, with) 8. _______ the help _______ the teachers, the students have made great progress _______their study. (on, in, of, with) 9. He will be back _______ a minute. ( on, in, for, by) 10. The teacher is standing _______ the class. (on, before, to, in) 11.Our train arrived_____Shanghai_____6:30______a foggy November day .(on, in, at, by) 四用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Tom ______ (be) ill last week, he ______ (be) much better now. 2. Jimmy and his sister _______ (be) here several days ago. They ________ (leave) for Beijing yesterday. 3. He ___________ (have ) a bath when the telephone ________(ring). 4. While I __________ (cook ) the dinner, he ___________(read) the paper. 5. He arrived just as I _____________ (answer) the phone. 6. After I heard the news, I ___________ (hurry) to see him. 7. We ____________ (be) disappointed if there is no snow for Christmas. 8. You ____________ (lie)! Stop it, and tell the truth like a man. 9. I _________ (be) hungry since five o’clock this morning.
重点语法知识 冠词： ?不定冠词： a/an 表示不确定的“某一个” a用在辅音开头的名词前 an用在元音(a、e、i、o、u )开头的名词前 an + apple 、orange、 egg、elephant、 insect 、umbrella、 old、 hour、 honest ?定冠词：the表示特定的这个或那个 the sun 定冠词the用于特指、独一无二（the sun）、形容词最高级、序数词、海洋江河山脉岛屿等专有名词（the Yangtze River）、方位词、乐器（play the piano）、时间（in the morning） ?零冠词：球类运动（play football）、时间（at night）、季节月份星期（in spring ,in September, on Monday）、 名词复数: ?一般情况,单词变复数只需加s,如book—books, friend→friends; cat→cats ?凡是以s、ss, z、x、ch、sh或o结尾的词，后面只需加es。如； bus→buses; fox→foxes；等。 ?结尾以y ，而y之前是元音字母的话，只需加s 就行了。如； toy—toys、boy—boys.如果y前是辅音，去y加ies ?以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves。例：knife→knives; life→lives; leaf→leaves。反例：roof→roofs ?以o 结尾的词，有生命加es 如；potato--- potatoes。但没有生命的加s (除个别特殊的) ?不规则变化单词 child---children tooth---teeth man…men woman…women mouse…mice foot…fe et ?单复数相同的词；fish sheep deer …… ?如果是不可数，例如液体，粉状的没有单复数形式。 如water milk jam meat flour rice power paper cloud honey sugar rice bread salt air juice pepper grass work
2018高考牛津高中英语－模块一至模块十语法 牛津高中英语－模块一 第一单元 一定语从句：定语从句的介绍 ?就像是一个形容词或介词短语修饰名词一样，定语从句也可以修饰名词。定语从句所修饰的名词称为先行词。 形容词：The green team 介词短语：The team in green 定语从句：The team who were wearing green ?定语从句通常由关系代词来引导，如which, that, who, whom, whose,或关系副词来引导，如when, where, why。关系代词可以在定语从句中担当主语，宾语，表语，定语；关系副词可以在定语从句中担当状语。 如：做主语The trees which are on the school campus have lost their leaves. 做宾语The student whom we saw just now is the best runner in our school. 做表语Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be. 做定语She has a brother whose name I can’t remember. 做状语The school where he studied is in Shenzhen. 二定语从句：关系代词：that，which，who，whom，和whose ?在定语从句中，that和which用来指代物。 如：This is the story that /which we wrote for our storytelling contest. ?在定语从句中，who 用来指代人。 如：I am going to see a friend who has just come back from the UK. ?当who在定语从句中做宾语时，可以用whom来取代，且whom比who 更正式。 如：I don’t know the name of the teacher who/whom I saw in the computer room the other day.
牛津英语八年级8AUnit 2语法讲解 本单元的语法现象主要有二： 一、两者进行比较的方式： ◆more/ fewer/ less…than，这种句型中的more, fewer, less用语比较数量，后面加上名词。 more是many或much的比较级，表示“更多的……”，后面既可接可数名词的复数形式，也可接不可数名词。如： I have more spare time than you. 我的空余时间比你多。 Who picked more apples on the farm yesterday, Jim or Jane? 昨天在农场谁摘的苹果更多，是Jack还是Jane？ less是little的比较级。是“更少”的意思，后面只能接不可数名词。如： He spends less money on clothes than I. 他在衣服上花的钱比我少。 fewer是few的比较级，意为“更少”，后面必须接可数名词的复数形式。如： I got fewer points in the exam than you. 在考试中我得的分数比你的更少。 ◆两者比较还有两外一种方式：即相似“the same as”和不同“be different from”。如： His school is quite different from ours. =His school is not the same as ours. 他的学校与我们的不一样。 ◆如果对三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较，则用“the +most+可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词”、“the fewest+可数名词的复数形式”句型和“the least+不可数名词”。如： Who has the fewest friends of the three? 三个人中谁的朋友最少？ 【拓展延伸】 在英语中，遇到两个人或两件事物进行比较的情况时， ◆要在同一范围内进行比较时，必须把主体排除在被比较的对象之外。如： Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. 上海要比中国的任何城市都大。 ◆要注意只有同一类事物才能做比较。如： My classroom is bigger than yours. 我的教室比你们的（教室）大。 ◆形容词比较级前一般不用定冠词the，但是句中若有“of the two”这样的结构，即表示两者中“较……的一个”时，要加表示特指的定冠词the。如： She is the more careful of the two. 她是两人中较为仔细的一个。
牛津英语A牛津英语语 法和练习题 文件管理序列号：[K8UY-K9IO69-O6M243-OL889-F88688]
（四） 一、用所给词的适当形式填空： 1 This is _____(I) new classmate._____(she) name’s Sally. 2 That’s _____(we) English teacher. 3 _____(he) brother is my classmate. 4 _____(I) deskmate is Jill,_____(she) hair is long. 二、读句子，用适当的代词填空。 1Jack is my friend.______ sister is Kitty. 2What’s Jack’s sister’s name_ ____ name’s Kitty. 3Mr Li is our teacher.______ has got a red car. 4Who’s you r father?The tall man is _____ father. 5Has your brother got a big ball?No,_____ hasn’t. 6My father is a doctor._____is tall._____ car is black. 7-Is that ____ ruler- Yes,it’s _____ ruler. 8Eddie and I are cclassmate.That’s _____ classroom, 9-Are ____ in Class2 Yes,___ am. 10Look at these trees.____ are tall and green.______ roots(根) are long.
名词 （一） 概述 名词是表示人、地方、事物或抽象概念名称的词，可以说名词是万物之名称。它们可以是： 人的名字 Li Ming, Tom 地方名称 China, London 职业称呼 teacher, doctor 物品名称 pencil, dictionary 行为名称 study, invention 抽象概念 history, grammar （二）普通名词和专有名词 1．普通名词 凡不属于特定的人名、地名、事物名称或概念名称的名词，都属于普通名词。这类名词在所有的名词中占绝大多数。普通名词大致有以下四种类型： 1）个体名词 个体名词指作为个体而存在的人或物。可以指具体的人或物，例如： He has two aunts. 他有两个姑姑。 Most classrooms have computers. 多数教室里都有电脑。 也可指抽象东西，例如： We’ve live d here for twenty years. 我们在这里住了二十年了。 I had a dream last night 我昨晚做了一个梦。 个体名词有复数形式，如：weeks, problems;单数形式可以和a/an 连用，如：a week, a problem, an old man. 2）集体名词 集体名词表示由个体组成的集体，下面是一些常见的集体名词： family （家，家庭） army （军队） company （公司；全体船员） enemy （敌人） government （政府） group （小组，团体） public （公众） team （队；组） police （警方） 集体名词有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待。一般说来，视为整体时作单数看待，想到它的成员时作复数看待： 例如： 有的集体名词通常用作单数，例如： Our company is sending him to work in Berlin. 我们公司将派他去柏林工作。 有的集体名词多作复数看待。例如： The police are looking for him. 警察正在找他。 3）物质名词 物质名词指无法分为个体的东西，我们学过的常见的物质名词有： beer, cloth, coal, coffee, coke, cotton, ice, ink, jam, juice, meat, medicine, metal, milk, oil paper, rain, salad, salt, sand, snow, soup, steel, sugar, tea, water, wine, wood, wool 等。 一般说来，物质名词是不可数折，因而没有复数形式。但有一些特殊情况： a ．有些物质名词可用作可数名词，表示“一份”，“一杯”： Tree beers, please. 请来三杯啤酒。 A chocolate ice-cream for me. 给我一份巧克力冰淇淋。 b ．有此物质名词可作可数名词，表示“一种”： It was a special tea which tasted of orange blossoms. 这是一种特别的茶，有桔子花叶。 It was a delicious wine. 那是一种美味的红酒。 作单数看待 作复数看待 His family isn't large. 他家人不多。 The government is planning to build a dam here. 政府打算在这里建一座水坝。 The public was unlikely to support it. 公众支持它的可能性不大。 His family are all music lovers. 他家的人都喜欢音乐。 The government are discussing the plan. 政府在讨论这个计划。 The public were deceived by the newspaper. 公众受到报纸的蒙骗。